Reclamation Equipment Research Articles

СИМУЛЯТОР ВИРТУАЛЬНОЙ РЕАЛЬНОСТИ МЕЛИОРАТИВНЫХ РАБОТ

An innovative virtual reality simulator of land reclamation works is considered, which makes it possible to understand the principles of operation of land reclamation systems without direct impact on the real environment, aimed at a high-quality and effective solution, including educational tasks. This project is being implemented within the framework of cooperation between the Belarusian company StarcoStudio and the RGAU-MSHA named after K.A. Timiryazev and involves the creation of a VR product that can provide a realistic and safe experience of working with reclamation equipment and technologies. The project covers the development of 3D models and scenes using advanced software tools such as Unreal Engine 5, Gaea, Blender, iClone and MetaHuman, and also includes practical experience in 3D scanning of agricultural equipment, such as the OKN-0.5 sewer cleaner and the MTZ tractor - 1221. During the implementation of the product, modern methods of 3D scanning, data processing and integration into a virtual reality simulator were used. The goal of the project is to introduce a VR product that will optimize the learning process, make it more flexible and individualized, taking into account the various characteristics and needs of students. Safety, realism, interactivity, flexibility, resource savings, repetitiveness, collaboration and stimulation of interest - all this makes VR simulators a powerful tool for training qualified land reclamation specialists. The project helps to increase the competitiveness of graduates in the labor market and expand opportunities for further development and improvement of the education system in the field of land reclamation and agricultural technology.

From machines in clusters in the agricultural sector system effective use

The article discusses the issues and a number of technical recommendations for the effective use of existing agricultural and reclamation equipment available in the clusters of the republic, as well as the prospects for their development for large-scale use in the implementation of technological processes and those technical problems that may arise during operation and ways to eliminate them in production conditions. A number of irreplaceable technical recommendations are given for the modernization of machine and mechanism designs, improvement of reliability indicators, i.e. work without breakdowns, the strength of parts during manufacture, their resistance to friction, wear resistance, maintainability, storage, diagnostics, maintenance and repair, adaptation to storage and increase of technical resources, further increase of their resource conservation.

Modeling of the scheme of location of active raining equipment of the closed irrigation system

The purpose of the study is to develop a procedure for determining the parameters of the layout of active sprinkler equipment in closed irrigation systems. This paper presents the importance of transforming agricultural production into a highly developed sector of the economy which is impossible without reducing its dependence on adverse climatic conditions. The introduction of modern computer-integrated technologies, including precision farming, due to the need for economic use of visible and energy resources, is considered. Closed irrigation systems with the use of reclamation equipment such as universal sprinklers have become widespread. The existing fleet of efficient sprinklers will consist of 64% of frigate sprinklers. The article considers a complex of sprinklers, which will consist of eight irrigation fields, the total number of sprinklers in the system is eight. The article discusses in detail the principle of operation of the presented closed irrigation system, namely the system of water supply pipelines to sprinklers, and equipment that controls the operation of this system, such as booster pumps, hydrants, transformers, valves, communication lines. The article considers the process of calculating the total number of options for connecting sprinklers. In the considered system 4 sprinkler installations which are connected and disconnected in pairs can be in work at the same time. Consider problems that arise in the system due to pressure jumps in the hydraulic system. Schematically, the options for placing active sprinkler equipment are presented. The possibility of specifying the structure of the connection scheme of active sprinkler equipment using a matrix is considered. The procedure of definition of parameters of the scheme of placement of the active sprinkler equipment is offered. Timely switching of modes of operation of the pumping equipment of ZSS, is possible in the presence of correctly working control system, the confirmed efficiency. The work must be based on the results of computer simulations.

Повышение надёжности свинцовых аккумуляторов сельскохозяйственных машин

Introduction . The solution to the problem of reliability increase of the agricultural and reclamation equipment by improving the key reliability indices of the lead-acid accumulator starter batteries (ASB) under their operation and storage is considered. The work objective is to develop ways to improve the maintainability of the leadacid accumulators of the agricultural and reclamation machines under various operating and storage conditions. Materials and Methods. Methods for increasing the performance characteristics of the lead-acid accumulators in the course of their operation and storage using organic compounds of the sterically hindered phenols (SHP as additives to the electrolyte at the rate of 1 g/l are proposed. The impact of the SHP on the conductor corrosion of smooth and porous lead-dioxide electrodes is assessed. For more objective evaluation of the inhibiting SHP properties, the life time tests of the commercial domestic batteries under plant conditions according to the current GOSTs and by cycling techniques are conducted. Research Results . A technique for increasing the service life of a lead-acid accumulator using the SHP as an additive to the electrolyte is developed, since they have the properties to inhibit the corrosion process of the current collectors of the positive electrode.) Discussion and Conclusions . The results obtained can be used in the operation of the ASB on the agricultural and reclamation machinery, motor vehicles, and other machines, as they slow down the corrosion process of the positive plate grids. In addition, SHP additives can be effectively applied in the seasonal mode of the lead-acid accumulator operation which is typical for operation in the system of the agro-industrial complex.

Based Fluent Study of Rotary Stream for Sand Reclamation Equipment

The basic structure and principles of rotary stream for sand reclamation device will be introduction. According to the principle of renewable rotary stream for sand reclamation equipment, combination with Fluent numerical simulation model to construct the old sand regeneration process. And according to the impact velocity control problem for sand, using discrete phase model and turbulent model, the sand movement tracking and turbulent kinetic energy and the blowpipe of equipment were analyzed, finally puts forward some suggestions for improvement.

The Dynamic Simulation of Vertical Planetary Wheel Sand Reclamation Equipment Based on ADAMS

Vertical planetary mill is a kind of efficient grinding equipment. Due to its unique design, the materials can suffer combined effects of squeezing, shearing and grinding. this paper developed the virtual prototype of vertical planetary grinding wheel sand reclamation equipment based on virtual prototyping technology, and did the dynamic simulation with this virtual prototype. It will use ADAMS to do the dynamic simulation, and it can provide reference price for staff.

Vertical Planetary Wheel Sand Reclamation Equipment Design and Modeling Based on Solid Edge

Vertical planetary mill is a kind of efficient grinding equipment. Due to its unique design, the materials can suffer combined effects of squeezing, shearing and grinding.[1] This paper study the feasibility of the usage of the vertical planetary mill in the field of foundry sand reclamation. It will use Solid Edge to Design and modeling, and it can provide reference price for staff.

Technology Update: Manufacturing Approach to Fracturing Limits Environmental Impact

In the Rocky Mountains in Wyoming, a manufacturing approach is being developed to enable fracture stimulation of hundreds of gas wells from one semipermanent location that can operate around the clock. This development is in response to the area's unconventional gas fields that offer unique environmental, social, and operational challenges. Fig. 1 shows this concept, called FracFactory service, in schematic form. Fig. 2 illustrates that the FracFactory service concept is appreciably different from the conventional layout of a frac spread. For every well treated, the conventional frac-equipment spread is transported from a logistical base directly to the location, set up for operation, broken down after the stimulation job is completed, and transported back to the base/satellite storage facility. The process is repeated for every well treated, with potentially significant impact to the environment, resources, and required man-hours. This is the current practice across the industry. To help reduce the environmental footprint, many wells can be drilled in clusters from a single location. Surface piping can be installed to provide a conduit for the frac fluid from the FracFactory service facility to the well cluster for placement downhole. An efficient system of manifolding at each well cluster completes the connection from the pressure pumps to the appropriate wellhead. Fig. 3 shows the concept in greater detail—supplies, crew quarters, pumping and blending gear, and water reclamation equipment within a single footprint. High-pressure pumping is housed nearby in an enclosure designed to reduce the noise level for the crew and the surrounding local environment. Opportunities Wrapped in Challenges Recent authorizations to drill for gas on Bureau of Land Management (BLM) lands has handed E&P companies and service companies an opportunity wrapped tightly in a number of challenges. Companies must:Operate with a small footprint on the mountains and prairie valleys of Wyoming.Avoid lowering the water table to supply fluids required in fracture stimulation of production from unconventional (tight) reservoirs.Avoid creating excessive traffic on local roads and across lands that are home to numerous game animals.Protect aquifers from contamination.Provide efficient well-stimulation operations with minimal non-productive time caused by the logistics concerned. The Rockies are believed to hold enough gas to heat and cool 70 million homes for nearly 50 years, but reserves are located in hard-to-produce reservoirs. Because the U.S. government controls so much of the land in this part of the country, oil and gas producers have flooded BLM with applications for drill permits. One major operating company plans to spend about U.S. $2.2 billion in the next 15 years to drill 2,000 wells in Wyoming's Wamsutter field. In fiscal 2004, BLM approved 5,747 drilling applications to drill on public lands in Wyoming, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, and Montana, up four-fold from the industry slump in 1999.

In house reuse and reclamation of used foundry sands with sodium silicate binder

Reuse and reclamation of sodium silicate sands have long been of interest because of their unique characteristics in both bonding mechanism and high temperature strength, which make them ideal for applications in cast steel production. After analysis of the characteristics of the used sands containing sodium silicate binder and the requirement for moulding sands, a suggestion is proposed for a sand reuse scheme. Used sands can be reclaimed as support sands after dry treatment or reconditioning, but for use as face sands wet reclamation is necessary. This assertion has been confirmed experimentally on newly developed reclamation equipment. The results showed consistent sand properties and casting quality when applying reused support sands and reclaimed face sands.

Barley, a potential species for initial reclamation of saline composite tailings of oil sands.

The oil sands industry in Alberta (Canada) has developed the composite tailings (CT) process to reduce the fluid fine tails resulting from the processing of oil sands. This process uses a chemical coagulant (gypsum or alum) to produce aggregated fines (clay), so they are retained with the coarse sand fraction of the extraction tailings to form CT, from which fines-free water is released relatively quickly compared with untreated tailings. The resulting CT and CT waters are saline-sodic, with Na+, SO4(2-), and Cl- being the dominant ions. When freshly deposited, the CT deposits are too soft for access by reclamation equipment, and the time required for these deposits to remove the water sufficiently to support traffic is uncertain. A greenhouse study was designed to determine the suitability of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) for reclamation of fresh CT deposits and to evaluate benefits of peat amendments. This study assessed germination, early plant growth, chlorophyll content, and survival of barley growing in alum- and gypsum-treated CT, with and without peat amendment. Ion and trace metal accumulation in the root and shoot tissues of barley was determined. Amendment of CT with peat improved germination, survival, and growth of barley, but did not prevent leaf injury (probably due to Na and Cl- and possibly multiple nutrient deficiency). Field studies will be undertaken to validate our greenhouse results suggesting that barley could be used to improve dewatering of the freshly deposited substrates, reduce soil erosion, and facilitate leaching of ions by root penetration into the substrate.

English

The Colorado Division of Minerals and Geology is sponsoring a study to evaluate native shrub establishment on reclaimed lands. The goal of the study is provide enhanced wildlife habitat after mining. Dr. Ed Redente and Mark Paschke from Colorado State University are conducting the research. The first phase of the study included a comprehensive literature review. The literature review covered the biology, ecology, and propagation of seven species that are of primary importance for wildlife habitat in Colorado. Two main limitations to shrub establishment at the Colorado reclaimed mines are browsing and competition from aggressive herbaceous species. The second phase of the project involved a field study to evaluate reclamation techniques to overcome these obstacles. The experimental design used large-scale demonstration plots that were constructed with normal reclamation equipment to test shrub establishment techniques that have commercial practicality. Plots were established at three coal mines in northwestern Colorado. Several treatments are being tested to evaluate shrub establishment on spoil material, 6 inches of topsoil, and 18 inches of topsoil. Plots were strip seeded with native seed mixes, alternating rows of herbaceous species and shrub species. Native shrub transplants were planted at one mine. Half of each treatment was fenced to prevent browsing. Plots were installed in 2000. Soil samples at all plots were collected in April 2001. The first year's data was collected in July 2001. Preliminary results indicate topsoil and spoil at all mine sites have favorable characteristics for plant growth. Fall seeding at Colowyo resulted in establishment of most of the seeded species but weedy annuals dominated plots during this first growing season. Fall seeding and shrub transplanting at Seneca II mine appears to have been successful but the plots are also dominated by annuals. Spring seeding at Trapper resulted in very poor establishment. More time will be needed to make a suitable evaluation of these treatments.

Field investigation into the effectiveness of reclamation equipment alternatives in reducing subsoil compaction : Sweigard, R J; Escobar, E Min Sci TechnolV8, N3, May 1989, P313–320

Field investigation into the effectiveness of reclamation equipment alternatives in reducing subsoil compaction : Sweigard, R J; Escobar, E Min Sci TechnolV8, N3, May 1989, P313–320

A field investigation into the effectiveness of reclamation equipment alternatives in reducing subsoil compaction

Excessive soil compaction resulting from reclamation activities has become a major problem for the surface mining industry when reclaiming land for agricultural use. Currently, most soil is removed and replaced by scrapers which create several severely compacted zones in the reconstructed soil column. Several surface mine operators in the Interior Basin are experimenting with various methods of either preventing or ameliorating this condition. A field study was undertaken to evaluate three subsoil reconstruction practices. The first method considered was scraper replacement of the subsoil. This is the most common practice and served as a basis of comparison for equipment alternatives. The second method considered was truck-shovel removal and replacement of subsoil. Finally, deep tillage of scraper-replaced material was also considered. Soil sampling and dry bulk density determinations were conducted on sites treated with the three methods mentioned above. The results not only confirmed earlier work which reported very high dry bulk densities for scraper-replaced material but also provided insight into the practical applications of truck-shovel combinations and deep tillage equipment in dealing with the problem of soil compaction.

New Applications

In an unprecedented combined effort among federal and state governments and the business sector, a new eating establishment, operated by Sambo's Restaurants, Inc., in Colonie, New York, is using a Hewlett-Packard 3050B data acquisition system to monitor energy consumption and to evaluate heat reclamation equipment.