Reciprocal Orientation Research Articles

Reciprocal exchange orientation to organization, challenge stressor and construal level: Three-way interaction effects on voice behavior.

This study extends our understanding of voice behavior by considering a more complete set of reciprocity antecedents. We add employees-organization reciprocal exchange orientation (EO REO) into the antecedent of voice behavior and clarify the boundary condition by examining the joint moderating role of challenge stressors and construal level. The presence of challenge stressors represents a positive work environment, thus employees with a strong EO REO are likely to reciprocate with voice. However, such stressors also lead employees to focus on how to deal with the current challenges, which only aligns with employees who have a low construal level mindset and prefer to think about the details of the job at hand. Hence, we hypothesized that the positive relationship between EO REO and voice behavior in the face of challenge stressors was more likely to exist for employees whose construal level is low rather than high. We collected data from 237 employee-supervisor matched dyads in study 1 and 225 employee-supervisor matched dyads in study 2. These two studies offered support for the three-way interaction hypothesis. Our studies further voice by extending the antecedent and delineating the boundary condition of challenge stressors and construal level.

Effect of ausforming temperature on bainite morphology in a 3.2% Si carbide-free bainitic steel

The effect of ausforming temperatures on bainite morphology was investigated on a newly developed carbide-free high-silicon steel. High plastic deformation (30%) was applied to undercooled austenite after austenitization in the temperature range 900–300 °C with a Gleeble 3800 thermomechanical simulator working in compression mode, before the isothermal treatment at 300 °C for bainitic transformation. Samples were fully characterized by means SEM, XRD, EBSD and TEM. Results showed that reducing the deformation temperature, prior to the bainitic transformation, ausforming increased undercooled austenite strength, leading to the decrease of maximum volume fraction of bainitic ferrite, due to mechanical stabilization. Moreover, it was observed a strong impact on bainite morphology of the deformation temperature including length of sheaves, the reciprocal orientation of the bainitic plates and crystallographic orientation, with the detection of variant selection phenomena.

The methodology of the archival aerial image orientation based on the SfM method

Nowadays, archival images find increasingly finding their way into geospatial applications, namely, among others, multi-temporal analysis, documentation reconstruction or change detection. It is, therefore, necessary to determine the images' external orientation elements that allow the images' position to be reconstructed in the assumed reference system. This paper aims to present a methodology for the extended evaluation of the automatic orientation process of archival images based on the commonly used Structure-from-Motion (SfM) approach. The work carried out presents: (1) the influence of parameter selection on the accuracy, number and distribution of tie points in the descriptor matching process at the pairwise image bundling stage using the descriptor matching approach together with the use of Random sample consensus filtered triangulation (RANSAC), (2) analyses of the reciprocal orientation quality of the images on detected points (control points) in the bundle adjustment process using simultaneous verification of the matching quality on check points, and (3) analysis of the external orientation accuracy. Points detected and matched using the SIFT algorithm on archival images of a fragment of Warsaw from 1986, 1994, and 2014 were used as reference data. A comparative analysis of the obtained results with the data obtained using the algorithms implemented in the Agisoft Metashape software (standard approach) shows that the relative orientation reprojection RMSE is about 4 time better, and detected points are even more robust.

Bis(oxiranes) Containing Cyclooctane Core: Synthesis and Reactivity towards NaN3.

Reactions of oxirane ring opening provide a powerful tool for regio- and stereoselective synthesis of polyfunctional and heterocyclic compounds, widely used in organic chemistry and drug design. Cyclooctane, alongside other medium-sized rings, is of interest as a novel molecular platform for the construction of target-oriented leads. Additionally, cyclooctane derivatives are well known to be prone to transannular reactions, which makes them a promising object in the search for novel approaches to polycyclic structures. In the present work, a series of cyclooctanediones was studied in Corey-Chaykovsky reactions, and novel spirocyclic bis(oxiranes) containing cyclooctane core, namely, 1,5-dioxadispiro[2.0.2.6]dodecane and 1,8-dioxadispiro[2.3.2.3]dodecane, were synthesized. Ring opening of the obtained bis(oxiranes) upon treatment with sodium azide was investigated, and it was found that the reaction path is determined by the reciprocal orientation of oxygen atoms in the oxirane moieties. Diastereomers of the bis(oxiranes) with cis-orientation underwent independent ring opening, supplying corresponding diazidodiols, while in the case of stereoisomers with trans-orientation, domino-like reactions occurred, including intramolecular nucleophilic attack and the formation of a novel three- or six-membered O-containing ring. Summarily, a straightforward approach to polyfunctional compounds containing cyclooctane or oxabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane cores, employing bis(oxiranes), was elaborated.

Opinion-leading media as indicators of a democracy at risk: The press and the rise of National Socialism between 1927 and 1932

The rise of National Socialism in the late 1920s and 1930s happened within democratic societies with well-developed media systems. This gives rise to whether an increasingly right-wing press climate aided the emergence of National Socialism. Based on a comparative analysis of post-election reporting in German and Austrian newspapers, this paper argues that changes in the spectrum of opinion-leading media and in the relations both between them and with the opinion-following media can serve as indicators of a democracy at risk. Utilizing sociometric theory, it is hypothesized that in times of severe democratic crisis, the gap between elite-dominated, opinion-leading media and mass newspapers widens; reciprocal orientation among the opinion-leading media is lessened; and, finally, the composition of this group changes in favour of radical political forces. There is empirical evidence for all assumptions, reflecting a growing significance of extreme right-wing positions in the political information environment.

Links between types of value orientations and consumer behaviours. An empirical study.

The present study concerns the phenomenon of the co-dependence of value orientations and consumer behaviours. Although the idea of the overall connections between both areas is not new, the article contributes to the knowledge about relations between very specific consumer behaviours and social value orientations among people married or in an informal partnership. Using the obtained data, we examine to what extent the prosocial, reciprocal, and egoistic value orientations coexist with compensative, compulsive, and demonstrative buying. The analysis confirms the hypotheses that representatives of the reciprocal and egoistic orientations show susceptibility to compensative and compulsive buying to a greater extent than persons preferring other value orientations. In addition, the data show co-dependence of the reciprocal value orientation and demonstrative buying, while the prosocial value orientation seems to protect against compulsive buying. According to the regression analysis, this effect disappears if prosocially oriented persons suffer from low self-esteem at the same time being characterised by strong materialism. All hypothesised relations between value orientations and consumer behaviours have been analysed in multidimensional models considering materialism, self-esteem, age, and gender as the main factors of compensative and compulsive buying. The findings come from the 2017 survey based on a statistically representative sample of 1,121 adult Poles who were then married or in an informal partnership. The German Compulsive Buying Indicator and Lange’s Scale of Demonstrative Buying were introduced to measure consumer behaviours.

Saviors, nurturers, or magically insane: a braided reading of white women characters in three ecological narratives

ABSTRACT Media can both perpetuate and disrupt the patriarchal, anthropocentric discourses that shape social understandings of “woman” and “nature.” Using a braided feminist lens, we investigated media discourses about white women’s relationships with the human and more-than-human world. We present our analysis in three cases: Olivia from the novel, The Overstory; mother from the film, mother!; and Eleven from the Netflix series, Stranger Things. These characters illuminate stories of injustice and separation at the intersections of gender, race, species, and settler colonialism. We specifically consider the discourses of woman as crazy, woman as magical, woman as white savior, and woman as nurturer. Recognizing that no text tells a single story, we explore how we might re-story the discourses around white womanhood to invite a more reciprocal and feminist orientation to relationships, building from Donna Haraway’s notion of the Chthulucene (a trans-species, non-hierarchical response to the Anthropocene). Finally, we discuss how “othering” may not always occur as explicit marginalization and inferiority. For instance, by constituting white women as “saviors” or essentially magical (and possibly crazy), media may reinforce social and ecological hierarchies.

A New Multirobot Path Planning With Priority Order Based on the Generalized Voronoi Diagram

This paper proposes a new path planning method called the priority order navigation algorithm (PONA) for multi-robot navigation in a large flat space. The PONA can guarantee collision-free and efficient travel in the space with fixed or/and dynamic obstacles. The priority order of robots is assigned by the user based on the importance degree of the robots’ tasks and the objective is to make the higher priority robot reach its target faster than the lower priority robot. This study uses the generalized Voronoi diagram (GVD) to establish the initial map for PONA and links the navigation points in GVD to plan the path for each robot. Further, we modify the navigation point links to shorten feasible paths for the lower priority robot and its shortest two feasible paths can be switched to each other based on a certain condition to avoid hitting the higher priority robot. The proposed PONA is compared to several benchmark path planning methods, which are the shortest distance algorithm (SDA) and reciprocal orientation algorithm (ROA), in the simulation section and it is found that the PONA can reduce the average length of the trajectory by more than 10% compared with ROA and SDA.

A Path Planning Strategy for Multi-Robot Moving with Path-Priority Order Based on a Generalized Voronoi Diagram

This paper proposes a new path planning strategy called the navigation strategy with path priority (NSPP) for multiple robots moving in a large flat space. In the space, there may be some static or/and dynamic obstacles. Suppose we have the path-priority order for each robot, then this article aims to find an efficient path for each robot from its starting point to its target point without any collision. Here, a generalized Voronoi diagram (GVD) is used to perform the map division based on each robot’s path-priority order, and the proposed NSPP is used to do the path planning for the robots in the space. This NSPP can be applied to any number of robots. At last, there are several simulations with a different number of robots in a circular or rectangular space to be shown that the proposed method can complete the task effectively and has better performance in average trajectory length than those by using the benchmark methods of the shortest distance algorithm (SDA) and reciprocal orientation algorithm (ROA).

A Real-Time 3D Reconstruction of Staircases for Rehabilitative Exoskeletons

In medical contexts, the use of assistive exoskeletons for the rehabilitation of people with impaired mobility represents a common practice. Recent advances suggest that, soon, such mechatronic systems will also be used to assist people in their everyday life. In order to reach such target, exoskeletons must become able to perceive the environment. To this purpose, a system for the parametric identification of a staircase is proposed in this article. More precisely, given a staircase of unknown geometry, the system identifies its 3D shape. Furthermore, it also estimates the reciprocal orientation and distance between the exoskeleton and the staircase. Differently from other approaches, this result is achieved by means of low cost devices: an inertial measurement unit, two ranging sensors, and an Arm-Cortex processor. Starting from the ranging sensors acquisitions, the staircase model is identified in real time, during the execution of a step. The proposed procedure is based on an extended recursive total least squares strategy, in order to fully exploit the computational capabilities of the Arm processor, and it is characterized by execution times smaller than 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> s. The estimation algorithm has been tested on an actual exoskeleton and the resulting experimental outcomes are compared with the results obtained through alternative methods.

Strain anisotropy models for refined diffraction line profile analysis in cubic metals

Abstract The present work examined the anisotropy magnitudes obtained from different elastic models of cubic metals (Cu, 5383 Al alloy, FCC austenite steel and BCC steel) to explore the origin of strain anisotropy. The results showed that stable intersections were observed from the modeled and experimental plots of the reciprocal elastic modulus (1/Ehkl) and orientation parameter (Γ). The effectiveness of quasi elasto-plastic model based method in correcting strain anisotropy was further verified in cold-worked specimens. For the important input parameters in dislocation model based diffraction line profile analysis methods, the average diffraction contrast factors of dislocations were observed to depend on elastic constants. Interesting intersections were found from linear dependence of on Γ. The conventional input values indicated distinct dependencies on given elastic constants in diffraction line profile analysis. Accordingly, a refined approach was proposed by adopting the optimized intersections as input values, by which more reliable results could be obtained in practical applications.

Polygon Shape Formation for Multi-Mobile Robots in a Local Knowledge Environment

The formation is an important task in multi-mobile robots coordination in a defined environment. In a local knowledge environment the multi-mobile robot formations are realized using small robots with minor hardware requirements. The localization, path planning and obstacle avoidance processes are required to perform formation. In this paper a static strategy for polygon shape formation is implemented using a several number of mobile robots. This strategy has a better efficiency, since it use the cluster matching algorithm instead of the triangulation algorithm in completing the formation. Also, the visibility binary tree algorithm and the reciprocal orientation algorithm are used in this paper. This strategy has better performance in the multi-robot formation, since it use the cluster matching algorithm instead of the triangulation algorithm.

Femur first surgical technique: a smart non-computer-based procedure to achieve the combined anteversion in primary total hip arthroplasty

BackgroundThe relevance of prosthetic component orientation to prevent dislocation and impingement following total hip arthroplasty (THA) has been widely accepted. We investigated the use of a non-computer-based surgery to address the reciprocal orientation of the acetabular and femoral components.MethodsIn the femur first technique, the cup is positioned relative to the stem. When the definitive antetorsion of femoral component is fixed, the cup is positioned in a compliant anteversion to the stem. Clinical and radiographic assessments were performed before and 3 months after THA. Radiographic assessment was performed in standing position with the EOS 2D/3D radiography system. 3D images were used to preoperative anterior pelvic plane (APP) angle, postoperative acetabular inclination (AI) and anteversion (AA), and postoperative stem antetorsion. Clinical assessment was performed with Harris Hip Score (HHS).ResultsForty patients (40 hips) underwent primary THA with an average age of 61 years (range, 36–84). Average HHS increased from 43 ± 5 (range, 37–52) preoperatively to 97 ± 6 (range, 86–100) at the last follow-up (P < 0.0001). Average combined anteversion value of cup with liner and stem was 38° ± 9° (range, 12°-55°). Average AI value of cup with liner was 39° ± 6° (range, 30°-55°) in the group with standard stem and 45° ± 7° (range, 39°-58°) in the group with varized stem (P = 0.007). Relationship analysis showed no correlation between the combined anteversion values of the cup with liner and stem with APP angle values (r = 0.26, P = 0.87).ConclusionsFemur first technique allows the surgeon to achieve a combined anteversion ranging from 25° to 50° with a cup inclination ranging from 30° to 50°. The cup is positioned according to the functional plane of the patient regardless the preoperative pelvic tilt.

Proposing a Model of Co-Regulated Learning for Graduate Medical Education.

Primarily grounded in Zimmerman's social cognitive model of self-regulation, graduate medical education is guided by principles that self-regulated learning takes place within social context and influence, and that the social context and physical environment reciprocally influence persons and their cognition, behavior, and development. However, contemporary perspectives on self-regulation are moving beyond Zimmerman's triadic reciprocal orientation to models that consider social transactions as the central core of regulated learning. Such co-regulated learning models emphasize shared control of learning and the role more advanced others play in scaffolding novices' metacognitive engagement.Models of co-regulated learning describe social transactions as periods of distributed regulation among individuals, which instrumentally promote or inhibit the capacity for individuals to independently self-regulate. Social transactions with other regulators, including attending physicians, more experienced residents, and allied health care professionals, are known to mediate residents' learning and to support or hamper the development of their self-regulated learning competence. Given that social transactions are at the heart of learning-oriented assessment and entrustment decisions, an appreciation for co-regulated learning is likely important for advancing medical education research and practice-especially given the momentum of new innovations such as entrustable professional activities.In this article, the author explains why graduate medical educators should consider adopting a model of co-regulated learning to complement and extend Zimmerman's models of self-regulated learning. In doing so, the author suggests a model of co-regulated learning and provides practical examples of how the model is relevant to graduate medical education research and practice.

激光跟踪仪的双面互瞄定向

激光跟踪仪的双面互瞄定向

Developing reciprocal exchanges for tourism investors

This article is based on a unique sample of 111 tourism investors in Tanzania. Investors have a significant role in establishing services and supporting continuance in local tourism networks. As important as investors are, many of them overlook relationships they may find abundant but not meaningful. Many investors shift relationships when meaningful ideas or other outcomes no longer feed into the relationship. Relationships could thus be seen as gradual processes in which meaningful exchanges cement the relationships together. At the entry stage, investors select partners they trust or focus on identifying a specific style characterized by partner-related criteria. These expectations typically depend on the motives or reasons investors enter relationships. We suggest that investors’ relationships develop from motives toward defined selection criteria as the basis for a continued exchange defined by their reciprocal orientation. Thus, a theoretical model is presented with constructs such as hard and soft motives, trust and network awareness, partner selection criteria, and reciprocal orientations. We hope these findings may illustrate how policymakers in Tanzania can support investor relationships and nurture them toward a long-term exchange.

A Spatially Aware Channel Model for Body-to-Body Communications

This paper presents the results of an experimental-based body-to-body (B2B) channel characterization in an indoor environment at 2.4 GHz in the Industrial, Scientific and Medical band. The peculiarity of B2B channels suggests the extension of classical stochastic models toward one that is aware of the reciprocal position and orientation of the bodies wearing the terminals to include the effects of body shadowing. To reach this goal, three on-body antenna positions (head, belt, and wrist) and multiple human mobility scenarios have been investigated in the measurements. The characterization of these channels shows that not only channel gain is affected by mutual body orientation, but also short and long term fading are. Exploiting this characterization, we are able to derive a comprehensive channel model whose components and parameters directly depend on the mutual body position in terms of distance and orientation.

Deciphering Dimerization Modes of PAS Domains: Computational and Experimental Analyses of the AhR:ARNT Complex Reveal New Insights Into the Mechanisms of AhR Transformation.

The Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) is a transcription factor that mediates the biochemical response to xenobiotics and the toxic effects of a number of environmental contaminants, including dioxins. Recently, endogenous regulatory roles for the AhR in normal physiology and development have also been reported, thus extending the interest in understanding its molecular mechanisms of activation. Since dimerization with the AhR Nuclear Translocator (ARNT) protein, occurring through the Helix-Loop-Helix (HLH) and PER-ARNT-SIM (PAS) domains, is needed to convert the AhR into its transcriptionally active form, deciphering the AhR:ARNT dimerization mode would provide insights into the mechanisms of AhR transformation. Here we present homology models of the murine AhR:ARNT PAS domain dimer developed using recently available X-ray structures of other bHLH-PAS protein dimers. Due to the different reciprocal orientation and interaction surfaces in the different template dimers, two alternative models were developed for both the PAS-A and PAS-B dimers and they were characterized by combining a number of computational evaluations. Both well-established hot spot prediction methods and new approaches to analyze individual residue and residue-pairwise contributions to the MM-GBSA binding free energies were adopted to predict residues critical for dimer stabilization. On this basis, a mutagenesis strategy for both the murine AhR and ARNT proteins was designed and ligand-dependent DNA binding ability of the AhR:ARNT heterodimer mutants was evaluated. While functional analysis disfavored the HIF2α:ARNT heterodimer-based PAS-B model, most mutants derived from the CLOCK:BMAL1-based AhR:ARNT dimer models of both the PAS-A and the PAS-B dramatically decreased the levels of DNA binding, suggesting this latter model as the most suitable for describing AhR:ARNT dimerization. These novel results open new research directions focused at elucidating basic molecular mechanisms underlying the functional activity of the AhR.

An algorithm for multi-robot collision-free navigation based on shortest distance

This paper presents a new approach for multi-robot navigation in dynamic environments, called the shortest distance algorithm. This approach uses both the current position and orientation of other robots to compute the collision free trajectory. The algorithm suggested in this paper is based on the concept of reciprocal orientation that guarantees smooth trajectories and collision free paths. All the robots move either in a straight line or in a circular arc using the Bresenham algorithms. The current approach is tested on three simulation scenarios.

Application of synchrotron through-the-substrate microdiffraction to crystals in polished thin sections.

The synchrotron through-the-substrate X-ray microdiffraction technique (tts-μXRD) is extended to the structural study of microvolumes of crystals embedded in polished thin sections of compact materials [Rius, Labrador, Crespi, Frontera, Vallcorba & Melgarejo (2011 ▸). J.Synchrotron Rad. 18, 891-898]. The resulting tts-μXRD procedure includes some basic steps: (i) collection of a limited number of consecutive two-dimensional patterns (frames) for each randomly oriented crystal microvolume; (ii) refinement of the metric from the one-dimensional diffraction pattern which results from circularly averaging the sum of collected frames; (iii) determination of the reciprocal lattice orientation of each randomly oriented crystal microvolume which allows assigning the hkl indices to the spots and, consequently, merging the intensities of the different frames into a single-crystal data set (frame merging); and (iv) merging of the individual crystal data sets (multicrystal merging) to produce an extended data set suitable for structure refinement/solution. Its viability for crystal structure solution by Patterson function direct methods (δ recycling) and for accurate single-crystal least-squares refinements is demonstrated with some representative examples from petrology in which different glass substrate thicknesses have been employed. The section of the crystal microvolume must be at least of the same order of magnitude as the focus of the beam (15 × 15 µm in the provided examples). Thanks to its versatility and experimental simplicity, this method-ology should be useful for disciplines as disparate as petrology, materials science and cultural heritage.