Fellowship Recipients Research Articles

The Influence of Perceived Discrimination on Heart Rate Variability in Young Black Adults

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States, with a disproportional precedence in Black adults. Heart rate variability (HRV) is used to help predict future CVD, with lower HRV indicative of a compromised cardiovascular system. Prior evidence has suggested that experienced racial discrimination is associated with CVD risk. However, there is limited information regarding experienced racial discrimination on HRV in young Black adults. Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to determine whether personal-level and group-level racial discrimination was associated with worse HRV in young Black adults. Methods: Black adults aged 18-25 (n=18, 44.45% female) volunteered to participate in this study, arriving at the lab at 7am in a fasted state. Following 30 minutes of rest, HRV measures were assessed using a SphygmoCor 3-lead ECG in a supine position. The HRV measure included the standard deviation of all R-R intervals (SDNN), the mean number of times an hour successive NN intervals exceeds 50ms (pNN50), the root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD), the low-frequency (LF) power domain, high-frequency (HF) power domain, and their ratio (LF:HF). Participants were given a perceived racial discrimination questionnaire that assessed personal-level and group-level discrimination. Pearson correlations were used to analyze the association between perceived racial discrimination measures and HRV measures. Results: In Black males, perceived personal-level racial discrimination was negatively associated with sympathetic activity (LF, R2 = -0.704, p = 0.023) and sympathovagal balance (LF:HF, R2 = -0.749, p = 0.013), and positively associated with parasympathetic activity (HF, R2 = 0.704, p = 0.023). Perceived group-level racial discrimination was not associated with HRV measures. Furthermore, perceived racial discrimination was not associated with HRV in Black females. Conclusion: Although decreased HRV has been associated with increased risk for CVD, higher HRV has been shown to be associated with left ventricular mass in Black adults. Therefore, HRV implications may be dependent on social determinants of health and other covariates that are associated with race/ethnicity. In the current study, higher HRV was observed in Black males who reported higher personal-level discrimination, which may be an important factor in sympathetic and parasympathetic cardiac control and CVD risk. Given our preliminary findings, more research is warranted that investigates the impact of racial identity, resiliency, coping, and healthy lifestyle behaviors on mitigating the detrimental impact of perceived racial discrimination on the cardiovascular health of young Black adults. Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship Recipient from the American Physiological Society. This is the full abstract presented at the American Physiology Summit 2024 meeting and is only available in HTML format. There are no additional versions or additional content available for this abstract. Physiology was not involved in the peer review process.

Characteristics and academic career outcomes of Godina Fellowship recipients

The American Society for Reconstructive Microsurgery (ASRM) sponsors the Godina Fellowship to expand the careers of talented early career microsurgeons. This study characterizes the scholarly impact and academic career outcomes of Godina Fellows. The ASRM provided a list of Godina Fellows since program inception (1993 – 2020). An Internet based search obtained demographic, academic pedigree, and scholarly impact metrics. Curriculum vitae were reviewed to characterize future career outcomes including academic leadership positions. Of the 28 Godina Fellows, most were men (96%) and from the United States (61%). The average age of selection was 44 ​± ​4 years. Training pedigrees consisted primarily of plastic surgery residency training (93%) followed by orthopedic surgery (3%) and otolaryngology (3%). 32% completed reconstructive microsurgery fellowship training, 25% completed hand fellowship training, and 32% had no sub-specialty fellowship training. A minority of Fellows had a PhD (32%) and Master's Degree (14%). The average h-index was 33 ​± ​11 resulting from 160 ​± ​90 peer-reviewed manuscripts cited 3998 ​± ​2516 times. At the time of selection, Godina fellows had an average of 65 ​± ​42 peer-reviewed manuscripts. Most selected academic careers (79%), including 43% serving as chief of a sub-specialty service line (25%) or chair of a division or department (18%). Godina Fellowship recipients make important contributions to the field of reconstructive microsurgery through research impact and leadership at academic departments.

Literature and reading under the light of intermedial and multimodality studies

Professor Grzegorz Maziarczyk specialises in contemporary English and American literature and culture as well as transmedial narrative theory. His main research interests include textual materiality, intermediality, relations between literature and new media, multimodal storytelling, utopia and dystopia. He has been a recipient of fellowships and research grants from the University of Notre Dame, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven and European Society for the Study of English. He is the author of two monographs – The Narratee in Contemporary British Fiction (2005) and The Novel as Book: Textual Materiality in Contemporary Fiction in English (2013) – and the co-editor of five collections of essays, including (Im)perfection Subverted, Reloaded and Networked: Utopian Discourse across Media (2015) and Explorations of Consciousness in Contemporary Fiction (2017). He has published widely in edited collections and peer-reviewed journals, including Word & Image, Journal of Narrative Theory, Utopian Studies, Interfaces: Image, Texte, Language and Slavia amongst others. Since 2019 he has been Director of the Institute of Literary Studies at the John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin

Ten top health researchers named as fellowship recipients

Ten top health researchers named as fellowship recipients

0252 Social jetlag, sleep variability, its effect on sleepiness and mediation by sleep debt: an EPISONO study

Abstract Introduction Studies indicate the relevance of the timing system as integrating the causes and antecedents of sleepiness. Recently, social jetlag and sleep variability have been highlighted in regard to their relevance to sleep health. While the circadian misalignment represented by those variables have a known effect on sleepiness, it is often confounded by sleep debt. Therefore, we sought to assess the association between social jetlag, sleep variability and sleepiness, with sleep debt as a mediator in a representative population-based study. Methods A representative population-based sample of 1037 participants was analyzed. Participants answered the UNIFESP Sleep Questionnaire and Epworth Sleepiness Scale to collect data regarding sleep timing and subjective sleepiness, respectively. Subsequently, mid-sleep time, total sleep time, social jetlag (absolute difference between mid-sleep time on workdays and mid-sleep time on free days), standard deviation of mid-sleep time and sleep debt (difference between total sleep time on workdays and free days) were calculated. Generalized linear models were conducted to assess if sleep variability and social jetlag had an effect on the Epworth Sleepiness Scale score, with BMI as a control variable. A mediation model was run to test if observed significant effects were mediated by sleep debt. Results Average sleep variability was 0.69±0.5 hours, and prevalence rates were 23% for >1h and 12% for >2h of social jetlag. There was a statistically significant association between social jetlag and Epworth Sleepiness Scale score, independently of BMI. Moreover, this effect was significantly mediated by sleep debt. No association between sleep variability and sleepiness was observed. Conclusion The significant association between social jetlag and sleepiness and its mediation by sleep debt are evidence of their role in sleep health and should be considered as relevant factors in future population-based studies analyzing sleep. Support (if any) Our studies are supported by grants from the Associacão Fundo de Incentivo à Pesquisa (AFIP). GLF is supported by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Brazil (CAPES) – Finance Code 001) and CNPq (#141445/2021-1 to GLF). MLA and ST are Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) fellowship recipients.

NSF Fellows’ perceptions about incentives, research misconduct, and scientific integrity in STEM academia

There is increased concern about perverse incentives, quantitative performance metrics, and hyper-competition for funding and faculty positions in US academia. Recipients of the prestigious National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowships (n = 244) from Civil and Environmental Engineering (45.5%) and Computer Science and Engineering (54.5%) were anonymously surveyed to create a baseline snapshot of their perceptions, behaviors and experiences. NSF Fellows ranked scientific advancement as the top metric for evaluating academics followed by publishing in high-impact journals, social impact of research, and publication/citation counts. The self-reported rate of academic cheating was 16.7% and of research misconduct was 3.7%. Thirty-one percent of fellows reported direct knowledge of graduate peers cheating, and 11.9% had knowledge of research misconduct by colleagues. Only 30.7% said they would report suspected misconduct. A majority of fellows (55.3%) felt that mandatory ethics trainings left them unprepared for dealing with ethical issues. Fellows stated academic freedom, flexible schedules and opportunity to mentor students were the most positive aspects of academia, whereas pressures for funding, publication, and tenure were cited as the most negative aspects. These data may be useful in considering how to better prepare STEM graduate trainees for academic careers.

Is sleep a barrier to physical activity practice?

Is sleep a barrier to physical activity practice?

Renin-angiotensin system in the central nervous system: focus on Huntington's disease.

Renin-angiotensin system in the central nervous system: focus on Huntington's disease.

Announcements

Announcements

Assessing the Impact of the American Heart Association's Research Portfolio: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.

A task force composed of American Heart Association (AHA) Research Committee members established processes to measure the performance of the AHA's research portfolio and evaluated key outcomes that are fundamental to the overall success of the program. This report reviews progress that the AHA research program has had in achieving its goals relevant to the research programs in the AHA's research portfolio from 2008 to 2017. Comprehensive performance metrics were identified to assess the impact of AHA funding on researchers' career progress and research outcomes. Metrics included bibliometric analysis (ie, tracking of publications and their impact) and career development measures (ie, subsequent grant funding, intellectual property, faculty appointment/promotion, or industry position). Publication rates ranged from ≈0.5 to 4 publications per year, with a strong correlation between number of publications per year and later career stage. The Field-Weighted Citation Index, a metric of bibliometric impact, was between 1.5 and 3.0 for all programs, indicating that AHA awardee publications had a higher citation impact compared with similar publications. To gain insight into the career progression of AHA awardees, a 2-year postaward survey was distributed. Of the Postdoctoral Fellowship recipient respondents, 72% obtained academic research positions, with the remaining working in industry or government research settings; 72% of those in academic positions obtained additional funding. Among respondents who were Beginning Grant-in-Aid and Scientist Development Grant awardees, 45% received academic promotions and 83% obtained additional funding. Measuring performance of the AHA's research portfolio is critical to ensure that its strategic goals are met and to show the AHA's commitment to high-quality, impactful research.

Court rules against fellowship recipient

Case name: Kelly v. The University of Vermont Medical Center, No. 21‐AP‐264 (Vt. 06/10/22).

Giving Research Software Engineers a Larger Stage Through the Better Scientific Software Fellowship

The Better Scientific Software Fellowship (BSSwF) was launched in 2018 to foster and promote practices, processes, and tools to improve developer productivity and software sustainability of scientific codes. BSSwF vision is to grow the community with practitioners, leaders, mentors, and consultants to increase the visibility of scientific software. Over the last five years, many fellowship recipients and honorable mentions have identified as research software engineers (RSEs). Case studies from several of the program’s participants illustrate the diverse ways BSSwF has benefited both the RSE and scientific communities. In an environment where the contributions of RSEs are too often undervalued, we believe that programs such as BSSwF can help recognize and encourage community members to step outside of their regular commitments and expand on their work, collaborations and ideas for a larger audience.

Rozeal / Bubble Sisters

Rozeal / Bubble Sisters Courtney Faye Taylor (bio) Keywords poetry, Courtney Faye Taylor, rozeal, ganguro, bubble sisters, k-pop, blackface Rozeal Bubble Sisters Untitled (after Kikugawa Eizan’s “Furyu nana komachi” [The Modern Seven Komashi]) 2007 Acrylic and paper on panel “Bubble Song” Album: Bubble Sisters Universal Music Korea 2003 Music Video Sounds like a docent says Bubble Sisters sing their single indium-style, so we sit electric on a on a yellow club stage. A three-minute birch church pew facing performance beneath god and a no title painting. a seesaw of light. I’m Untitled: portrait of a woman with blue in a funk over braids, nails, rollers, fros, view, bleach cornrows ending in a Sly Stone fro, Bantu knots. I’m mad at all four of their faces, ten Tabasco acrylics. cork-dye alive. She looks white to me, but her mug is slightly An act of blackface well-intended, vandalized with the color I am. giving the finger to Eurocentric beauty. A placard to the left names the concept— Minstrelsy setting out to prove that K-pop Ganguro: Japanese fashion. stars could be unconventional Girls wearing dark foundation, faux nails, with conviction, that K-pop stars could be tresses teased to the touch of fleece. unfair, unaware, unthin, unthem, but When the artist came across thoroughly talonted. Could be anti- ganguro, her opinion of it wore stunning and stun. Could starshine and be a deep side part: clay nieces of mine. On one side, she was satisfied Over here, we sho do go oops upside by this international Black fascination. Tho the head of any mocking fashion nations. on the other, every faux loc left in When fascination perms kitchens and coons fascination seemed lye-relaxed for bruises, when it makes scantrons of paper and flaccid, lil tassel in bags, the nigga delegation better ask the national rearview. why u feel a need to do that? Why the darkening of skin, Why that dank fit and drama she asked? Why skit? Why you feel do they feel the need to do the need to do us? We gotta do that? I had to do somethin’ quick something to figure out to flaunt what we threat. We what I thought. still unnerved and I’m still not sure I know unsure, picking at that scab over what I think. what we think. [End Page 482] Courtney Faye Taylor courtney faye taylor is a writer and visual artist. She is the author of Concentrate, forthcoming from Graywolf Press in November 2022. It is the winner of the Cave Canem Poetry Prize selected by Rachel Eliza Griffiths and was a finalist for the National Poetry Series. Courtney earned her BA from Agnes Scott College and her MFA from the University of Michigan Helen Zell Writers’ Program, where she received the Hopwood Prize in Poetry. She is also the winner of the 92Y Discovery Prize and an Academy of American Poets Prize. The recipient of residencies and fellowships from Cave Canem and the Charlotte Street Foundation, Courtney’s work can be found in Poetry Magazine, The Nation, Ploughshares, Best New Poets, The New Republic, and elsewhere. Copyright © 2022 The Massachusetts Review, Inc

Cormorant, and: Island Triolet, and: Biracial Triolet

Cormorant, and: Island Triolet, and: Biracial Triolet Michael Prior (bio) Cormorant Like living oil poured into the waves:that cormorant,which seemed so fully itselfas it plunged between the breakersveining the bay—flashof scale and starling ridingthe iridescent S-curve of its neck.I can't recall if I've actually seen the birdslip into the Pacific, or merelyheard it described, watched it onscreen. I havefelt the same salt-scour of windacross the Strait. Feel it stillduring a dream's windfallof unexpected flight. Those moments before sleepwhen sights and signsrise through memory like a line reeled in:the coastline's raggedEtch A Sketch through fog,the lights of the island town on unceded landwhere I grew up, its ditchesteeming with small frogsthat looked like they were scraped from clay.I read that everything rememberedis a composite of feelingand function, layered like featherson a wing. One day,the island will sink below sea level.The ditches and frogs are already gone.Gone, too, my grandmotherwho brought me to the brick poolon summer morningsand counted off the seconds—ichi, ni, san—as I sculled water,blew bubbles from my nose. [End Page 23] Still going: my grandfather,and in him, stories of his fatherchumming the waterfor mackerel, wings thrumming overhead.And soon: everyone else who rodethat cold, cramped trainto a camp in the interior. Its rowsof shacks. The streamwhere they netted sticklebacks.The gravel road their fathers were forced to build.The hushed torrentof a language I don't speakwhen they remembered for mewhat they wished to forget.What memories resisthistory or myth? What resisted,that fall night at 18,when I waded past the pier aloneuntil the water touched my chin?The acne on my back burned in the cold.I've never been more afraidof me. Never a swimmer,I failed test after test,shivering in the shallow end,water refracting the far places in my face.My high school English teacherinsisted we avoid the verb to seembecause it implies uncertainty.The cormorant seemsa dream of belonging.Its raised wings: the same shapescrawled across a child's crayon horizon,sunset dividing distantfrom close. Tonight, [End Page 24] I learn they're culling seabirdsdown the coast.I watch videos of menwith reflective vests and riflesriding skiffs toward the guano-spattered nests.In the grainy clips, I can't decidewhich birds are dyingand which are diving into the sea. [End Page 25] Island Triolet The storm roils the river: warmeryears lap against the berms. This rain'sreminder that every burning summerstokes a rising storm. Ocean and river—changed and changing—spill overberry fields and bogs. The floodplain'sditches roil silver. A warmerworld rises to my parents' door. [End Page 26] Biracial Triolet You read, Check only one for race:Boxes cramp the screen's dim glass.Fingerprinted and photographed,the more you read, the more's erased.Fill in the scrolling forms this way:his hair, her skin, your face half maskonscreen. To choose is to erase.You make the choice you cannot make. [End Page 27] Michael Prior michael prior is the author of Burning Province, which won the Canada-Japan Literary Award and the BC & Yukon Book Prize for Poetry. He is the recent recipient of fellowships from the New York Public Library's Cullman Center and the Jerome Foundation. His poems have appeared in The New Republic, Poetry, and the Kenyon Review, among other publications. Copyright © 2022 Michael Prior

Society News - Fall 2022

This issue’s Society News includes a report on John Goodenough’s 100th Birthday, Publications Update, ECS Fellowship recipients, division contacts and division officer slates, staff news, and new institutional members and Leadership Circle Awards.

Contributors

Contributors

0311 The day after: how does a poor sleep perception affect pain during the night?

Abstract Introduction Senescence generates repercussions on sleep, including increased difficulty to initiate and maintain sleep, more awakenings, diurnal naps, and a propensity to polyphasic sleep. These disorders might be more common in older individuals with musculoskeletal pain. In this sense, the relationship between sleep and pain is considered to be bidirectional. However, it is unclear in the literature whether feeling pain during the night could be associated with poor subjective sleep quality. Our objective was to describe a measurement model that appropriately conveys the link between sleep and feeling pain at night. Methods A cross-sectional analysis was conducted, using a dataset from the 2015 São Paulo Epidemiological Sleep Study (EPISONO), including only individuals aged 60 years or more. Two constructs were formulated: an objective sleep quality construct, based on the polysomnography (PSG) performed on all EPISONO volunteers and a subjective sleep quality construct, formed by the self-reported answers in the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Musculoskeletal pain was assessed by 1. Did you feel any pain during the night? 2. Did you wake up feeling pain? (Possible answers: “Yes” or “No”). We used exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modelling to identify the significant variables. Results A total of 152 older adults was analyzed in this study. The PSQI and ISI indicate poor perception of sleep or a high frequency of sleep complaints in proportion to their score, the resulting latent factor was labelled poor sleep perception. The exploratory factor analysis assessed the measurement models of the latent factors and resulted in the inclusion of sleep-related variables: wake after sleep onset, sleep efficiency, total sleep time, latency to sleep onset and amount of N1 stage in the objective sleep quality factor. However, this factor was not associated with felling pain during the night and woke up with pain. Conclusion Our findings suggest that poor sleep perception was associated with feeling pain at night in older adults. These results contribute for the improvement of future clinical evaluations of patients presenting musculoskeletal pain and sleep complaints and highlight the importance of considering both factors simultaneously during treatment. Support (If Any) The study was supported by Associação Fundo de Incentivo à Pesquisa (AFIP) and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES Finance Code 001 to GLF) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico Tecnológico (CNPq–Grant #133397/2017-3, #141445/2021-1 to GLF); MLA and ST are Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) fellowship recipients.

Opportunity Costs of Internal Promotions in Plastic Surgery: Are Women Given a Fair Shot?

Background:Academic advancement in plastic surgery necessitates creation of opportunities for rising faculty, which are pivotal for women in their efforts to close prominent gender gaps in higher ranks. We study positions of academic prestige that benefit from internal nomination as surrogates for opportunities afforded to men and women seeking leadership roles.Methods:We collected the following datapoints: authors of invited discussions published in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery from 2010 to 2019; current editorial board members of representative plastic surgery journals; recipients of society-sponsored traveling fellowships; and directors of the American Board of Plastic Surgery. Public profiles for all authors and surgeons were referenced to confirm gender identification.Results:Seven-hundred ninety-seven plastic and reconstructive surgery discussions were included, 18% of which included female first or senior authorship. Seventy-one (9%) discussions listed a female senior author. Male and female senior authors were equally as likely to collaborate with a female first co-author (25% and 26%, respectively). Only 17% of invited authors contributed to 55% of discussion articles. Women occupied 19% of journal editorial board positions, though none were editors-in-chief. American Society of Reconstructive Microsurgery, American Society of Maxiliofacial Surgeons, American Society for Surgery of the Hand, and Plastic Surgery Foundation traveling fellowships were awarded to one (3%), four (7%), five (13%), and 141 (15%) female plastic surgeons, respectively. Women comprise 26% of directors of American Board of Plastic Surgery.Conclusions:Female representation in plastic surgery is rising, but it is not mirrored across appointed positions in academia. We should strive to support advancements that allow selected prestigious positions to more accurately reflect the gender distribution within the plastic surgery community.

Intramural Grant Program to Promote Research Activity Among Early-Career Faculty Members.

Early grant support for junior faculty members appears to positively influence their career trajectory. The authors sought to determine whether provision of grant support that enables early-career faculty members to conduct clinical, basic science, or educational research improves their academic success and enhances retention. The authors compared career development and retention among 30 Cohn Fellowship recipients and 31 nonrecipients who participated in the same mentoring program. An award of $20,000 to the fellowship recipients ensured protected time for research for 1 year. Academic productivity of both groups was monitored for 6 years. The authors found statistically significant differences between the 2 groups regarding research funding and scholarly productivity. The Cohn Fellowship recipients received a total of $14.7 million in external funding vs $3.7 million for nonrecipients, reflecting mean funding of $588,116 and $196,658 per person, respectively ( P < .01). Recipients published a total of 174 peer-reviewed articles vs 26 for nonrecipients, reflecting a mean of 7 and 1 per person, respectively ( P < .01). Recipients gave a total of 268 presentations vs 25 for nonrecipients, with a mean of 11 and 1 per person, respectively ( P < .01). Furthermore, 8 of the 25 recipients who stayed at Rush University (32%) were promoted to associate professor compared with 2 of the 19 (11%) nonrecipients ( P = .15). A majority of the Cohn Fellows (25; 83%) stayed at Rush University during the study compared with 61% of nonrecipients ( P = .06). These findings suggest that even small amounts of research support received early in a career can benefit the faculty and the university as a whole. We plan to continue gathering data to increase sample size and analyze outcomes for specific variables (e.g., time, rank, gender, promotion, retention).

After the First Night Alone, Somewhere New

After the First Night Alone, Somewhere New Diannely Antigua (bio) I'm up too early organizing my pillsin the drawer I'll use only for a month,and the shampoo in the shower—always label facing out.Home is where my compulsions are, home is whereI've cried the most. In Brooklynevery L train was home, those late nightsor early mornings of giving into what I thought I deserved. I deservedless than love then. I deserved the shriekof the subway, digging the cityfrom underneath my fingernails. Homewas where the water turned grey, washingmy hands caked with New York's dailygift. Once, I was taught home was whereGod's people were, and I believed it,wagged my tongue in a languageI don't speak anymore. In this language,I love you could have sounded like a trippySound of Music, like shuffling the solfège syllables—si do re mi fa la fa la sol ti re mi—over andover until the trance left you falling out,the Spirit waiting to catch you. I would've fallenfor any lord. I would've fallen for the fallenangel himself, if he promised mebelonging, the intoxicating smellof my beloved's shirt, the armpitsripe with it. [End Page 106] Diannely Antigua Diannely Antigua is a Dominican American poet and educator, born and raised in Massachusetts. Her debut collection Ugly Music (YesYes Books, 2019) was the winner of the Pamet River Prize and a 2020 Whiting Award. A graduate of nyu's Creative Writing Program, she is the recipient of fellowships from CantoMundo, Community of Writers, and the Fine Arts Work Center Summer Program. She resides in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, where she is the poet laureate. Copyright © 2022 University of Nebraska Press