Levels Of Receptivity Research Articles

医療機関でのLED照明の安全な導入に向けた電磁環境面での評価

Light Emitting Diode (LED) lamps have become widespread in the clinical settings. However, electromagnetic noise from LED lamps could be problematic. In hospitals, the reception level of signals from medical telemeters might decrease after replacing traditional lighting with LED lamps. To investigate the effects of noise radiated from LED lamps on medical telemeters, we measured the electric field intensity of 34 types of LED lamps. Many of them emit 400 MHz band noise, and some types of LED lamps had increased floor level noise of 30 dB. We also observed artifact noises on electrocardiogram and respiratory waveforms when an LED lamp was placed next to the patient monitor. This effect was observed only when a medical telemeterʼs transmitter and a LED lamp were placed quite close. When approximately 50 cm apart, patient monitorsʼ signals were received normally. In hospitals, AC power supply cables and lamps are often placed near transmission cables, including leaky coaxial cables (LCX), as antenna of the patient monitors. To prevent interference with medical telemeters, selecting low noise LED lamps and maintaining sufficient separation between LED lamps and receiving antennas or LCX is necessary.

Analysing a whole CLIL school: Students’ attitudes, motivation, and receptive vocabulary outcomes.

CLIL keeps on gaining ground in the European educational context, one clear example is Spain, where the number of schools adopting this methodology has kept growing exponentially in recent years. The present study has a dual perspective looking at the motivation of students towards English and CLIL and showing students’ receptive vocabulary outcomes. All students (n=403) enrolled in secondary education in a bilingual school fulfilled a questionnaire and completed two receptive vocabulary level tests (VLT 2k and 3k bands). The findings of the study report on all learners’ opinions and it also correlates vocabulary outcomes from students of the last year of compulsory education (16 years old) with their motivation towards English. Once we analysed the questionnaire and the 2k and 3k versions of the VLT, we concluded that the CLIL group scored higher in receptive vocabulary tests due to their higher motivation, albeit differences were not found statistically significant (Kolmogorov-Smirnov-Lilliefors, Shapiro-Wilk, and Mann-Whitney tests). We attribute this lack of statistical significance to the irregular CLIL implementation in the school and the short experience of the school with this methodology. doi: 10.5294/laclil.2016.9.2.2

When Harry met Sally: different approaches towards Uber and AirBnB—an Australian and Singapore perspective

The sharing economy has transformed the tourism landscape, though different destinations have featured various levels of receptivity. Two of the main organisations, or disruptors, are AirBnB and Uber. These two organisations were examined and compared in terms of how they have featured within two countries, Australia and Singapore. Using a case study approach, online contents concerning AirBnB and Uber were analysed to elucidate tourism responses in the respective countries. Drawing from the theoretical frameworks of disruptive innovation and smart tourism ecosystems, this research amplified that governance structures influenced how these two organisations carried out their operations. For instance, AirBnB received for more access in Australia than Singapore. In contrast, Singapore was more receptive to Uber and other ridesharing organisations than in the case of Australia. Incidentally, tourism responses have been almost non-existent within the two countries. In order to steer strategy and governance concerning the sharing economy, there is an urgent need to re-align existing legislation and business models in order to realise the true potential of smart tourism ecosystems.

Effects of Explicit Vocabulary Videos Delivered Through iPods on Students With Language Impairments

Poor word learning is a hallmark characteristic of students with specific language impairment (SLI). Explicit vocabulary instruction has shown to positively improve word learning in this population. Mobile technology has many advantages making it conducive for addressing the word learning needs of students with SLI. The current study utilized a within-subjects design to investigate the effects of reading paired with explicit instruction delivered through videos viewed on an iPod to reading alone (i.e., traditional) on the novel word learning of fifth- and sixth-grade students with SLI. The order of exposure to the two conditions was counterbalanced across students. The video condition consisted of the students watching a 15-min video twice in 1 week that taught three words critical to comprehending fictional text. A new video was watched each week for 4 weeks. No explicit instruction was provided under the traditional condition. Results show that students learned more words at the expressive and receptive levels under the video condition than under the traditional condition regardless of order of conditions. Specifically, students learned approximately two novel words after viewing vocabulary videos for 30 min in a single week compared to no words under the traditional condition on four of the five measures.

Inheritance Pattern of Female Receptivity in Drosophila prolongata.

Choosiness, or female receptivity to copulation, is a critical component in female preference for a mating partner, as it functions at the final step in the mating process by determining whether she accepts copulation with a given male. In spite of its importance in the evolutionary process of male traits via sexual selection, little is known about the genetic variation and inheritance pattern of female receptivity. Drosophila prolongata shows a unique courtship behavior, leg vibration, which increases female receptivity to copulation. In the present study, we analyzed variation in female receptivity and its inheritance pattern in isofemale strains of D. prolongata using leg vibration as an index. There was a significant difference in female receptivity among the strains examined. A high-receptivity phenotype was semi-dominantly expressed in F1 females of crosses between strains with low and high receptivity. Backcrossing F1 females to low-receptivity strains resulted in a lower level of receptivity, suggesting that the high-receptivity phenotype is controlled by multiple genes with epistatic interactions. These results indicate a genetic basis of female receptivity, shedding light on the evolutionary process of sexual selection in D. prolongata.

Young people’s perceptions of advice about sexual risk taking

Sexual and reproductive health indicators for young people in the USA have improved in recent decades, but teenage pregnancies remain high, and large differences between Whites and non-Whites persist in teenage births, abortions, and the acquisition of sexually transmitted infections. Prior research shows that young people are receptive to communication about sex from parents and friends, but peers have been found to be more influential on sexual risk taking. In this study of 617 young people aged 13–20 years in high-risk neighbourhoods for teenage pregnancy in New Jersey, we asked whether sexually inexperienced young people differed from sexually experienced young people in their level of receptivity to the recommendations from their parents, friends, and others about whether to have sex before marriage and whether to use a condom if sexually active. The results showed that the sexually inexperienced were more receptive to messages from figures of authority in their life than those sexually experienced. We also found that stronger message intensity from parents, friends, and others to delay sex until marriage and to use a condom if sexually active was associated with lower sexual intentions in the next six months and the use of a condom if sexually active in the last three months.

Receptivity to learner-driven feedback in EAP

There is still debate surrounding what constitutes the most effective feedback on EFL learners’ writing, particularly in English for Academic Purposes (EAP) settings. Unanswered questions are found in the literature on topics such as the best formats for feedback, the role of technology, authors’ authority over written texts, and ways of helping learners develop into autonomous writers. This study explores students’ receptivity to an approach to giving feedback on essays which I have developed to address learners’ preferences, include various delivery formats, and help students develop into independent academic writers: learner-driven feedback (LDF). In LDF, the feedback is given to the students by the teacher, but the learners ‘direct’ how and on what they receive feedback comments. The findings from the detailed survey data highlight a high level of student receptivity, and several other compelling reasons for piloting LDF on EAP writing courses, many of which may also justify trialling the approach in other ELT classrooms.

The Odorant ( R)-Citronellal Attenuates Caffeine Bitterness by Inhibiting the Bitter Receptors TAS2R43 and TAS2R46.

Sensory studies showed the volatile fraction of lemon grass and its main constituent, the odor-active citronellal, to significantly decrease the perceived bitterness of a black tea infusion as well as caffeine solutions. Seven citronellal-related derivatives were synthesized and shown to inhibit the perceived bitterness of caffeine in a structure-dependent manner. The aldehyde function at carbon 1, the ( R)-configuration of the methyl-branched carbon 3, and a hydrophobic carbon chain were found to favor the bitter inhibitory activity of citronellal; for example, even low concentrations of 25 ppm were observed to reduce bitterness perception of caffeine solution (6 mmol/L) by 32%, whereas ( R)-citronellic acid (100 pm) showed a reduction of only 21% and ( R)-citronellol (100 pm) was completely inactive. Cell-based functional experiments, conducted with the human bitter taste receptors TAS2R7, TAS2R10, TAS2R14, TAS2R43, and TAS2R46 reported to be sensitive to caffeine, revealed ( R)-citronellal to completely block caffeine-induced calcium signals in TAS2R43-expressing cells, and, to a lesser extent, in TAS2R46-expressing cells. Stimulation of TAS2R43-expressing cells with structurally different bitter agonists identified ( R)-citronellal as a general allosteric inhibitor of TAS2R43. Further structure/activity studies indicated 3-methyl-branched aliphatic aldehydes with a carbon chain of ≥4 C atoms as best TAS2R43 antagonists. Whereas odor-taste interactions have been mainly interpreted in the literature to be caused by a central neuronal integration of odors and tastes, rather than by peripheral events at the level of reception, the findings of this study open up a new dimension regarding the interaction of the two chemical senses.

Welcome or Not Welcome? Investigating the Causes of Host Countries' Receptivity to Refugees

Despite the increase of forced migrants in recent years and growing concern with their treatment, surprisingly few serious quantitative studies have been conducted on the factors that make countries more or less receptive to refugees. This study analyzes several variables for their effect on levels of policy receptiveness toward refugees. The results indicate that perceived levels of political stability had a reliable and strong positive effect on levels of refugee inclusion. Interestingly, level of education had a weaker inverse relationship with refugee inclusion. Thus, the more that a country’s population felt that their government was politically stable (e.g., not at risk of overthrow) the more open their policies toward refugees were. However, albeit to a lesser extent, the more educated a country was, the more restrictive its policies were.Though further empirical research on this question is clearly needed, these initial findings suggest that the international community’s efforts to find durable solutions for refugees are entwined with efforts to promote stability within host countries. Thus, helping reduce internal tensions within countries may not only help avoid conflicts that contribute to the world’s refugee population but may also help cultivate new homelands for refugees.

The Impact of an Ego Depletion Manipulation on Performance-Based and Self-Report Assessment Measures.

We investigated the impact of ego depletion on selected Rorschach cognitive processing variables and self-reported affect states. Research indicates acts of effortful self-regulation transiently deplete a finite pool of cognitive resources, impairing performance on subsequent tasks requiring self-regulation. We predicted that relative to controls, ego-depleted participants' Rorschach protocols would have more spontaneous reactivity to color, less cognitive sophistication, and more frequent logical lapses in visualization, whereas self-reports would reflect greater fatigue and less attentiveness. The hypotheses were partially supported; despite a surprising absence of self-reported differences, ego-depleted participants had Rorschach protocols with lower scores on two variables indicative of sophisticated combinatory thinking, as well as higher levels of color receptivity; they also had lower scores on a composite variable computed across all hypothesized markers of complexity. In addition, self-reported achievement striving moderated the effect of the experimental manipulation on color receptivity, and in the Depletion condition it was associated with greater attentiveness to the tasks, more color reactivity, and less global synthetic processing. Results are discussed with an emphasis on the response process, methodological limitations and strengths, implications for calculating refined Rorschach scores, and the value of using multiple methods in research and experimental paradigms to validate assessment measures.

Controlling laser beam irradiation area using an optical duplicate system to improve satellite–ground laser communications

To improve the quality of ground to satellite laser communications, we propose an optical duplicate system of the optical ground station. Our proposed approach can be used to control the beam irradiation area for a satellite position without changing the total power of the output beam and the mechanical drive unit; this is performed by controlling the input pattern of a liquid crystal filter inserted in the input plane of the optical duplicate system. Most of the power of the diffracted laser beam emitted from the ground is focused on the optical axis. By distributing the power to side lobes, it is possible to extend the coverage area for a satellite position. This system allows the laser beam irradiation area to be controlled by a sufficient degree by adjusting the threshold of the satellite reception level. We verify the efficacy of the system using wave optics numerical calculations.

Acoustic receptivity simulations of flow past a flat plate with elliptic leading edge

We present results of numerical simulations of leading-edge acoustic receptivity for acoustic waves impinging on the leading edge of a finite-thickness flat plate. We use both compressible and incompressible flow solvers fitted with high-order high-accuracy numerical methods and independent methods of estimating the receptivity coefficient. The results show that the level of acoustic receptivity in the existing literature appears to be one order of magnitude too high. Our review of previous numerical simulations and experiments clearly identifies some contradictory trends. In the limit of an infinitely thin flat plate, our results are consistent with asymptotic theory and numerical simulations.

Модернизационная восприимчивость региона: понятие и методика определения

<p>Модернизация социально-экономических систем регионов является одной из основных задач развития современной России. Целью исследования в статье является разработка методологических основ изучения модернизационной восприимчивости региона, формирование на основе ее количественной оценки направлений регулирования модернизации социально-экономических систем регионов. Определяются связи модернизационой восприимчивости с основными категориями развития региона.</p><p>Выделены составляющие данной категории: экономико-технологическая, инвестиционно-финансовая, инновационная, инфраструктурная, институциональная, интеллектуальная и территориально-организационная и индикаторы, их характеризующие. Авторская методика оценки уровня модернизационной восприимчивости региона включает следующие четыре этапа: обоснование состава показателей; оценка уровня исследуемой категории по каждому показателю и группе показателей путем сопоставления с пороговыми значениями; расчет интегрального показателя; интерпретация интегральной оценки уровня полученных показателей по российским регионам.</p><p>Выделены три уровня модернизационной восприимчивости регионов: высокий, средний и низкий. На этом основании предложена группировка субъектов РФ по модернизационной восприимчивости регионов.</p><p>Автор обосновывает методологические основы управления модернизационной восприимчивостью регионов России. Динамика модернизационной восприимчивости регионов взаимосвязана с макроэкономическими показателями их развития. Это показано на расчетах с применением методов корреляционно-регрессионного анализа данных социально-экономических процессов в регионах Сибирского федерального округа в 2010 и 2013 гг.</p><p>Для управления модернизацией социально-экономических процессов автор предлагает создание целевой межведомственной структуры (бюро, агентства, комитета) в регионе, формирование специализированного фонда развития модернизации с соответствующей нормативной базой. </p>

Method and Hardware-Software Facilities for Studying Wireless Communication Channels in Smart Devices for Data Measurement and Transmission

A method, measurement system, and hardware and software facilities are developed for studying the reliability of data reception and signal level in radio channels. This method can be used to test the wireless communication channels employed in smart devices for data measurement and transmission during manufacture. Studies are made of the wireless communication channels of batches of commercially produced smart devices. The dependence of the loss probability for a packet of data on the radio signal level is determined.

Abundance of Lutzomyia longipalpis in urban households as risk factor of transmission of visceral leishmaniasis.

Urban occurrence of human and canine visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is linked to households with characteristics conducive to the presence of sand flies. This study proposes an ad hoc classification of households according to the environmental characteristics of receptivity to phlebotominae and an entomological study to validate the proposal. Here we describe the phlebotominae population found in intra- and peridomiciliary environments and analyse the spatiotemporal distribution of the VL vector Lutzomyia longipalpis of households receptive to VL. In the region, 153 households were classified into levels of receptivity to VL followed by entomological surveys in 40 of those properties. Kruskal-Wallis verified the relationship between the households’ classification and sand fly abundance and Kernel analysis evaluated L. longipalpis spatial distribution: of the 740 sand flies were captured, 91% were L. longipalpis; 82% were found peridomiciliary whilst the remaining 18% were found intradomiciliary. No statistically significant association was found between sandflies and households levels. L. longipalpis counts were concentrated in areas of high vulnerability and some specific households were responsible for the persistence of the infestation. L. longipalpis prevails over other sand fly species for urban VL transmission. The entomological study may help target the surveillance and vector control strategies to domiciles initiating and/or maintaining VL outbreaks.

Pediatric Oncology Providers' Attitudes and Practice Patterns Regarding Fertility Preservation in Adolescent Male Cancer Patients.

The aim of this study was to evaluate pediatric oncology providers' attitudes toward fertility preservation (FP), their use of educational materials, their approach to FP discussion, and their FP knowledge specifically pertaining to adolescent males. A 40-item online survey was distributed to physicians, advanced practice nurses (APN), and nurses within pediatric oncology. About 78.7% of physicians, 81.4% of APN, and 51.9% of nurses reported high levels of comfort in discussing FP options with adolescent males (P<0.05). Fifty-one percent of physicians and 54.2% of APN reported using educational materials, compared with 38.9% of nurses (P<0.05). Regarding knowledge of FP technologies, 48.7% of physicians, 52.5% of APN, and 81.1% of nurses reported being unfamiliar with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (P<0.05). An overwhelming majority (92.9%) of respondents reported having no formal training in discussing FP. Finally, 84.8% of respondents believed formal training on this issue would be useful to them. This study illustrates an unmet need in the education of pediatric oncology providers, as knowledge gaps and discomfort are common themes reported by health care professionals within the context of adolescent male FP care. In addition, this study reveals a high level of receptiveness to FP training by these same providers.

La puesta en valor de las calzadas romanas. Estudio, excavación y recuperación social del patrimonio arqueológico inmueble

The interest in bringing archaeology to people has produced projects which have integrated different Roman roads within museums, touristic projects or cultural itineraries, with different levels of coherence, historical accuracy and social reception. But the methodology of these works was far from uniform until recently. In this paper, I briefly outline the state of affairs of the study of the viae, due to the shortage of general studies dedicated to the processes of excavation and research of these archaeological elements. I also try to explain the different value enhancement processes of viae for improving public understanding and appreciation of their historical relevance and sociocultural significance.

Neural selectivity for communicative auditory signals in Phelan-McDermid syndrome.

BackgroundPhelan-McDermid syndrome (PMS), a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by deletion or mutation in the SHANK3 gene, is one of the more common single-locus causes of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). PMS is characterized by global developmental delay, hypotonia, delayed or absent speech, increased risk of seizures, and minor dysmorphic features. Impairments in language and communication are one of the most consistent characteristics of PMS. Although there is considerable overlap in the social communicative deficits associated with PMS and ASD, there is a dearth of data on underlying abnormalities at the level of neural systems in PMS. No controlled neuroimaging studies of PMS have been reported to date. The goal of this study was to examine the neural circuitry supporting the perception of auditory communicative signals in children with PMS as compared to idiopathic ASD (iASD).MethodsEleven children with PMS and nine comparison children with iASD were scanned using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) under light sedation. The fMRI paradigm was a previously validated passive auditory task, which presented communicative (e.g., speech, sounds of agreement, disgust) and non-communicative vocalizations (e.g., sneezing, coughing, yawning).ResultsPrevious research has shown that the superior temporal gyrus (STG) responds selectively to communicative vocal signals in typically developing children and adults. Here, selective activity for communicative relative to non-communicative vocalizations was detected in the right STG in the PMS group, but not in the iASD group. The PMS group also showed preferential activity for communicative vocalizations in a range of other brain regions associated with social cognition, such as the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC), insula, and inferior frontal gyrus. Interestingly, better orienting toward social sounds was positively correlated with selective activity in the STG and other “social brain” regions, including the MPFC, in the PMS group. Finally, selective MPFC activity for communicative sounds was associated with receptive language level in the PMS group and expressive language in the iASD group.ConclusionsDespite shared behavioral features, children with PMS differed from children with iASD in their neural response to communicative vocal sounds and showed relative strengths in this area. Furthermore, the relationship between clinical characteristics and neural selectivity also differed between the two groups, suggesting that shared ASD features may partially reflect different neurofunctional abnormalities due to differing etiologies.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s11689-016-9138-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

The Effect of Infancy Childcare Center Use and Maternal Employment on Toddlers’ Language Development in South Korea

Using first to fourth wave data of the Panel Study of Korean Children (PSKC), this study explores the effects of childcare center use, maternal employment, and other child and familial characteristics on the language development of toddlers in Korea. Among the 2078 families with children in the PSKC, those who completed the Receptive and Expressive Vocabulary Test at the fourth wave were selected, and a small number of disabled or prematurely born children were excluded. In addition, to clarify the effects of maternal employment, families with mothers who were either employed or unemployed for three consecutive years during the child's infancy were selected. Regression analysis showed that neither childcare center use nor maternal employment during infancy had significant effects on toddlers’ expressive and receptive vocabulary at the fourth wave. Family characteristics, such as household poverty and maternal education level, as well as child characteristics, such as gender and birth order, had significant effects on expressed vocabulary. However, only children's gender significantly affected the receptive vocabulary level of toddlers.

Level of implementation of guidelines on screening and diagnosis of gestational diabetes: A national survey

AimsTo describe the degree of diffusion and acceptance of national guideline on screening and diagnosis of gestational diabetes (GDM) among Italian diabetes centers and to detect possible areas for benchmarking. MethodsIn 2013 the Italian Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Group structured a national survey, focused on GDM screening and diagnostic procedures, that was administered to diabetologists. ResultsOverall, 122 diabetologists of 122 different diabetes centers (21.7% territorial, 78.3% hospital/University) completed the questionnaire. All respondents declared to execute a 75g-oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) as diagnostic test. Almost one in five centers preferred a universal screening procedure, the others executing a selective risk factors-based screening. In patients at high risk for GDM the OGTT was performed at 16–18 weeks’ gestation in 84.0% of the cases; only 6.5% of respondents preferred to execute it as soon as possible; and 9.5% used to wait until 24–28 weeks’ gestation. In the case of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≥5.1mmol/l (92mg/dl), two third of respondents used to proceed with the execution of the complete diagnostic OGTT, the others considering sufficient the FPG value for the diagnosis. ConclusionsGood level of reception of national recommendations was documented. The diagnostic procedure was generally accepted and applied. Some criticisms were specifically linked to the choice of universal or risk factor-based screening procedure, and to the right time for executing the OGTT in women at high risk.