Recent Advances In Chemistry Research Articles

Recent Advances in Chemistry and Biological Activity of Sulphonamides

Recent Advances in Chemistry and Biological Activity of Sulphonamides

Recent Advances in Chemistry, Mechanism, and Applications of Quantum Dots in Photodynamic and Photothermal Therapy.

Semiconductor quantum dots (QD) are a kind of nanoparticle with unique optical properties that have attracted a lot of attention in recent years. In this paper, the characteristics of these nanoparticles and their applications in nanophototherapy have been reviewed. Phototherapy, including photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT), has gained special importance because of its high accuracy and local treatment due to the activation of the drug at the tumor site. PDT is a new way of cancer treatment that is performed by activating light-sensitive compounds named photosensitizers (PS) by light. PSs cause the destruction of diseased tissue through the production of singlet oxygen. PTT is another non-invasive method that induces cell death through the conversion of near-infrared light (NIR) into heat in the tumor situation by the photothermal agent (PA). Through using energy transfer via the FRET (Förster resonance energy transfer) process, QDs provide light absorption wavelength for both methods and cover the optical weaknesses of phototherapy agents.

Recent Advances in Chemistry and Antioxidant/Anticancer Biology of Monoterpene and Meroterpenoid Natural Product.

Monoterpenes and meroterpenes are two large classes of isoprene-based molecules produced by terrestrial plants and unicellular organisms as diverse secondary metabolites. The global rising incidence of cancer has led to a renewed interest in natural products. These monoterpenes and meroterpenes represent a novel source of molecular scaffolds that can serve as medicinal chemistry platforms for the development of potential preclinical leads. Furthermore, some of these natural products are either abundant, or their synthetic strategies are scalable as it will be indicated here, facilitating their derivatization to expand their scope in drug discovery. This review is a collection of representative updates (from 2016-2023) in biologically active monoterpene and meroterpenoid natural products and focuses on the recent findings of the pharmacological potential of these bioactive compounds as well as the newly developed synthetic strategies employed to access them. Particular emphasis will be placed on the anticancer and antioxidant potential of these compounds in order to raise knowledge for further investigations into the development of potential anti-cancer therapeutics. The mounting experimental evidence from various research groups across the globe regarding the use of these natural products at pre-clinical levels, renders them a fast-track research area worth of attention.

Recent Advances in Chemistry and Bioactivities of Secondary Metabolites from the Genus Acremonium.

Acremonium fungi is one of the greatest and most complex genera in Hyphomycetes, comprising 130 species of marine and terrestrial sources. The past decades have witnessed substantial chemical and biological investigations on the diverse secondary metabolites from the Acremonium species. To date, over 600 compounds with abundant chemical types as well as a wide range of bioactivities have been obtained from this genus, attracting considerable attention from chemists and pharmacologists. This review mainly summarizes the sources, chemical structures, and biological activities of 115 recently reported new compounds from the genus Acremonium from December 2016 to September 2023. They are structurally classified into terpenoids (42%), peptides (29%), polyketides (20%), and others (9%), among which marine sources are predominant (68%). Notably, these compounds were primarily screened with cytotoxic, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities. This paper provides insights into the exploration and utilization of bioactive compounds in this genus, both within the scientific field and pharmaceutical industry.

Preceramic polymer-grafted nanoparticles assembled via ionic complexation

High-temperature, structural ceramics are critical for demanding aerospace applications. Ceramic precursors or preceramic polymers (PCPs) may be utilized for ceramic production. Recent advances in chemistry provide an opportunity to improve PCP synthesis and design. Herein, we leverage ionic interactions to create PCP grafted-nanoparticles, inspired by prior work on nanoscale ionic materials (NIMs). Linear and hyperbranched cationic polycarbosilanes were synthesized for NIMs assembly. PCP NIMs were created by assembling these cationic PCPs with silica nanoparticles that had been surface-modified with sulfonate groups. The resulting PCP NIMs were characterized with respect to morphology, rheology, thermal stability, thermal processing, and ceramic formation. Hybrid materials prepared with linear PCPs did not yield appreciable polymer-derived ceramic after firing, while those utilizing a modified, hyperbranched commercial PCP produced a SiC/SiO2 composite material. These results represent a compelling proof-of-principal study that establishes the feasibility of using a dynamic ionic bonding strategy to assemble PCP-based hybrid nanomaterials.

Recent Advances in Chemistry and Biological Activity of 2,6-Diphenyl Piperidines

: The review discusses different methods for preparation of 2,6-diphenyl-piperidin-4-one derivatives. 2,6-Diphenyl-piperidin-4-one is prepared from aromatic aldehyde and acetone in ammonium acetate. Reaction of 1-phenylsulfinylpropan-2-one or 1-(4-chlorophenylsulfinyl)propan-2-one, aromatic aldehyde and ammonium acetate gives a series of 2,6-diaryl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyridin-4-one 6a,b. 4-Phenyl-2-amino-1,3-butadienes reacts with N-allyl benzaldimine through Diels-Alder reaction to afford 2,6-diphenyl-4-piperidinone derivative 7. Also, reactions of 2,6-diphenyl-piperdin-4-one are discussed. The reactions of latter compounds can be on nitrogen atom or carbonyl function group or methylene group adjacent to carbonyl group. In addition, different applications of 2,6-diphenyl-piperidin-4-one are summarized.

Recent advances in chemistry and therapeutic potential of functionalized quinoline motifs - a review.

Quinoline, which consists of benzene fused with N-heterocyclic pyridine, has received considerable attention as a core template in drug design because of its broad spectrum of bioactivity. This review aims to present the recent advances in chemistry, medicinal potential and pharmacological applications of quinoline motifs to unveil their substantial efficacies for future drug development. Essential information in all the current and available literature used was accessed and retrieved using different search engines and databases, including Scopus, ISI Web of Knowledge, Google and PUBMED. Numerous derivatives of the bioactive quinolines have been harnessed via expeditious synthetic approaches, as highlighted herein. This review reveals that quinoline is an indisputable pharmacophore due to its tremendous benefits in medicinal chemistry research and other valuable areas of human endeavour. The recent in vivo and in vitro screening reported by scientists is highlighted herein, which may pave the way for novel drug development. Owing to the array of information available and highlighted herein on the medicinal potential of quinoline and its functionalized derivatives, a new window of opportunity may be opened to medicinal chemists to access more biomolecular quinolines for future drug development.

Recent Advances in Chemistry of Unsymmetrical Phosphorus-Based Pincer Nickel Complexes: From Design to Catalytic Applications.

Pincer complexes play an important role in organometallic chemistry; in particular, their use as homogeneous catalysts for organic transformations has increased dramatically in recent years. The high catalytic activity of such bis-cyclometallic complexes is associated with the easy tunability of their properties. Moreover, the phosphorus-based unsymmetrical pincers showed higher catalytic activity than the corresponding symmetrical analogues in several catalytic reactions. However, in modern literature, an increasing interest in the development of catalysts based on non-precious metals is observed. For example, nickel, which is an affordable and sustainable analogue of platinum and palladium, known for its low toxicity, has attracted increasing attention in the catalytic chemistry of transition metals in recent years. Thus, this mini-review is devoted to the recent advances in the chemistry of unsymmetrical phosphorus-based pincer nickel complexes, including the ligand design, the synthesis of nickel complexes and their catalytic applications.

Recent advances in chemistry of high-spin nitrenes

Experimental and theoretical studies on aromatic nitrenes bearing from three to six unpaired electrons and having quartet, quintet, sextet or septet ground spin states, published in the last 15 years are analyzed. A comparative analysis of the magnetic properties of high-spin nitrenes and all other known high-spin organic molecules is performed. Promising areas of practical application of high-spin nitrenes as molecular magnets and as qubits and qudits for quantum computations are discussed.The bibliography includes 214 references.

Nanomedicines for Renal Management: From Imaging to Treatment.

Nanomedicine has benefited from recent advances in chemistry and biomedical engineering to produce nanoscale materials as theranostic agents. Well-designed nanomaterials may present optimal biological properties, influencing circulation, retention, and excretion for imaging and treatment of various diseases. As the understanding of nanomedicine pharmacokinetics expands continuously, efficient renal clearance of nanomedicines can significantly increase the signal-to-background ratio for precision diagnosis and lower potential toxicity for improved treatment. Studies on nanomaterial-kidney interactions have led to many novel findings on the underlying principles of nanomaterial renal clearance, targeting, and accumulation. In return, the optimized nanomedicines confer significant benefits to the detection and treatment of kidney dysfunction.In this Account, we present an overview of recent progress in the development of nanomaterials for kidney theranostics, aiming to speed up translation and expand possible applications. We start by introducing biological structures of the kidney and their influence on renal targeting, retention, and clearance. Several key factors regarding renal accumulation and excretion, including nanomaterial types, sizes, and shapes, surface charges, and chemical modifications, are identified and discussed. Next, we highlight our recent efforts investigating kidney-interacting nanomaterials and introduce representative nanomedicines for imaging and treatment of kidney diseases. Multiple renal-clearable and renal-accumulating nanomedicines were devised for kidney function imaging. By employing renal-clearable nanomedicines, including gold nanoparticles, porphyrin polymers, DNA frameworks, and polyoxometalate clusters, we were able to noninvasively evaluate split renal function in healthy and diseased mice. Further engineering of renal-accumulating nanosystems has shifted attention from renal diagnosis to precision kidney protection. Many biocompatible nanomedicines, such as DNA origami, selenium-doped carbon quantum dots, melanin nanoparticles, and black phosphorus have all played essential roles in diminishing excessive reactive oxygen species for kidney treatment and protection. Finally, we discuss the challenges and perspectives of nanomaterials for renal care, their future clinical translation, and how they may affect the current landscape of clinical practices. We believe that this Account updates our current understanding of nanomaterial-kidney interactions for further design and control of nanomedicines for specific kidney diagnosis and treatment. This timely Account will generate broad interest in integrating nanotechnology and nanomaterial-biological interaction for state-of-the-art theranostics of renal diseases.

Engineering the Tenogenic Niche In Vitro with Microenvironmental Tools

AbstractTendon injuries affect millions of people worldwide annually. Considering that traditional approaches (e.g., surgery, exercise, steroid injections) have failed to reinstate tendon function following injury, recent efforts have been directed toward the development of cell‐based tendon repair and regeneration therapies. However, tenocytes readily lose their phenotype in culture and implantation of naïve stem cells is often associated with ectopic bone formation. To this end, there has been a surge in efforts to engineer the optimal tenogenic niche in vitro that will either maintain the phenotype of tenocytes or direct other cell types toward tenogenic lineage. Mono‐domain biochemical (e.g., media supplements, substrate coatings, oxygen tension), biological (e.g., growth factors, co‐culture systems), or biophysical (topography, rigidity, mechanical stimulation, macromolecular crowding) cues that replicate the native tendon milieu have shown some level of success, but they have failed to provide a functional therapy. Considering the complexity of the native tissue microenvironment together with recent advances in chemistry, biology, and engineering, it is anticipated that in the years to come multifactorial approaches are likely to yield a functional cell‐based therapy for tendon repair and regeneration.

Recent Advances in the Chemistry and Synthesis of Thienopyrazine, Pyrrolopyrazine and Furopyrazine Derivatives

Bicyclic compounds derived from pyrazine and aromatic five-membered heterocycles including thiophene, furan and pyrrole show various biological and pharmacological proBicyclic compounds derived from pyrazine and aromatic five-membered heterocycles including thiophene, furan and pyrrole show various biological and pharmacological properties, such as anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antitumor, antioxidant, antimycobacterial, and cytostatic activities. In many cases, it has been demonstrated that there are more potent cytostatic and cytotoxic agents against human tumor cell lines, leukemia, colon cancer, central nervous system cancer, melanoma, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer and breast cancer. They are also useful precursors for the large scale preparation of inorganicorganic hybrid solar cells, suitable acceptors for the synthesis of low-band gap polymers. They use ligands for serotoninergic 5-HT7 receptor and are effective in neurogical and psychiatric diseases, antimalarial, neuroleptic and cardiovascular. The absence of any useful review concerning the chemistry and synthesis of the above-mentioned heterocyles encouraged us to underscore the recent advances in chemistry and synthetic approaches leading to the preparation of thienopyrazines, pyrrolopyrazines and furopyrazines since 1990.perties such as anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antitumor, antioxidant, antimycobacterial, and cytostatic activities. In many cases, it has been demonstrated that they are much more potent cytostatic and cytotoxic agents against human tumor cell lines, leukemia, colon cancer, central nervous system cancer, melanoma, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer and breast cancer. They also are useful precursors for the large scale preparation of inorganic-organic hybrid solar cells, suitable acceptors for the synthesis of low-band gap polymers. They use as ligands for serotoninergic 5-HT7 receptor and being effective in neurogical and psychiatric diseases, antimalarial, neuroleptic and cardiovascular. Due to the absence of any useful review concerning the chemistry and synthesis of the above-mentioned heterocyles encouraged us to underscore the recent advances in the chemistry and synthetic approaches leading to preparation of thienopyrazines, pyrrolopyrazines and furopyrazines from 1990 up to date.

Actinidia chinensis Planch.: A Review of Chemistry and Pharmacology.

Actinidia chinensis Planch. (A. chinensis), commonly known as Chinese kiwifruit, is a China native fruit, which becomes increasingly popular due to attractive economic, nutritional, and health benefits properties. The whole plant including fruits, leaves, vines, and roots of A. chinensis are used mainly as food or additive in food products and as folk medicine in China. It is a good source of triterpenoids, polyphenols, vitamin C, carbohydrate, amino acid, and minerals. These constituents render the A. chinensis with a wide range of pharmacological properties including antitumor, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, hypolipemic, antidiabetic, and cardiovascular protective activities, suggesting that it may possibly be value in the prevention and treatment of pathologies associated to cancer, oxidative stress, and aging. This minireview provides a brief knowledge about the recent advances in chemistry, biological activities, utilization, and storage of Chinese kiwifruit. Future research directions on how to better use of this crop are suggested.

RECENT ADVANCES IN (HETERO)CYCLIZATIONS OF N -VINYLAZOLES

Recent advances in chemistry of N -vinylazoles are surveyed in this microreview, including results published in the last decade. In particular, reactions involving double bond of N -vinylazoles and formation of new cycles are discussed. These transformations include cycloadditions, cyclopropane syntheses, and heterocyclizations based on the CH activation.

Butelase: Linkage‐specific Ligase

Site‐specific ligation is enormously useful to enable selective bonding of chemicals, polymers, peptides, and proteins to form new compounds. Recent advances in chemistry, biochemistry and molecular biology have provided novel methods to staple peptide and non‐peptide bonds under physiological conditions. An example is the family of linkage‐specific, peptide asparaginyl‐specific ligases (PAL). A prototypic member of PAL is butelase 1 isolated from the butterfly pea (Bunga Telang). Butelase 1, catalyzing the reverse reaction of an asparaginyl endopeptidase, is a stand‐alone and ATP‐independent ligase [1]. Importantly, butelase 1 is C‐terminus‐specific for Asn/Asp (Asx), traceless, and accepts a tripeptide Asx‐His‐Val with the dipeptide His‐Val as the leaving group. Butelase 1 accepts most N‐terminal amino acids with D‐or L‐configuration. It exhibits unmatched kinetics with catalytic efficiencies of up to 1,340,000 M−1 s−1 and is >10,000 times faster than other known ligases. Our recently published work showed that butelase 1 is useful for both intra‐ and intermolecular ligation. It efficiently cyclizes or ligates various peptides and proteins ranging in size from 8 to >300 amino acids. Thus, the high catalytic efficiency and broad substrate specificity of butelase 1 could augment new applications, both in in vitro and in vivo systems for basic and translational research. Here, I will present our latest results on Asx‐specific ligases [2–6], their applications, and live‐cell labeling to explore new frontiers in biochemical, medical and material sciences.Support or Funding InformationThis research was supported in part by Nanyang Technological University Internal Funding ‐ Synzymes and Natural Products (SYNC) and the AcRF Tier 3 funding (MOE2016‐T3‐1‐003).This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.

Recent advances in (hetero)cyclizations of N-vinylazoles (microreview)

Recent advances in chemistry of N-vinylazoles are surveyed in this microreview, including results published in the last decade. In particular, reactions involving double bond of N-vinylazoles and formation of new cycles are discussed. These transformations include cycloadditions, cyclopropane syntheses, and heterocyclizations based on the CH activation.

Recent advances in chemistry of phthalocyanines bearing electron-withdrawing halogen, nitro and N-substituted imide functional groups and prospects for their practical application

Herein, we present an overview of the approaches for the synthesis of phthalocyanines bearing electron-withdrawing halogen-, nitro- and N-substituted imide functional groups in different positions of the phthalocyanine macrocycle.

Recent Advances in Phthalan and Coumaran Chemistry.

Oxygen‐containing heterocycles are common in biologically active compounds. In particular, phthalan and coumaran cores are found in pharmaceuticals, organic electronics, and other useful medical and technological applications. Recent research has expanded the methods available for their synthesis. This Minireview presents recent advances in the chemistry of phthalans and coumarans, with the goal of overcoming synthetic challenges and facilitating the applications of phthalans and coumarans.

Recent advances in chemistry, therapeutic properties and sources of polydatin

Polydatin (PLD), the 3-O-β-glucopyranoside of the well-known stilbenoid compound resveratrol, is a major compound of Fallopia japonica (Houtt.) R. Decr. (Japanese knotweed), which is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat infection, inflammatory diseases and circulatory problems. It has shown a wide range of biological activities including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective and immunostimulatory effects. Although resveratrol has similar beneficial effects, its low bioavailability has remained a problem. Glycosylation increases solubility of resveratrol in an aqueous environment, thus improving its bioavailability. This has led to a growing interest in PLD. Promising results obtained from bioactivity studies have boosted an intense research on this compound. The aim of this review is to give a comprehensive overview of the botanical sources, pharmacology, biosynthesis, biotechnological production, and bioactivities of PLD, and to discuss clinical studies on this compound.

Building and Crossing the Translational Bridge: 2016Alopecia Areata Research Summit Highlights.

Alopecia areata (AA) is a common autoimmune skin disease that results in the loss of hair on the scalp and elsewhere on the body and affects over 146 million people worldwide at some point in their lives. Founded in 1981, the National Alopecia Areata Foundation is a nonprofit organization that supports research to find a cure or acceptable treatment for AA, supports those with the disease, and educates the public about AA. The National Alopecia Areata Foundation conducts research summits every 2 years to review progress and create new directions in its funded and promoted research. The Foundation brings together scientists from all disciplines to get a broad and varied perspective. These AA research summits are part of the Foundation's main strategic initiative, the AA Treatment Development Program, to enhance the understanding of AA and accelerate progress toward a viable treatment.