Real-time Traffic Sign Detection Research Articles

A real-time traffic sign detection in intelligent transportation system using YOLOv8-based deep learning approach

A real-time traffic sign detection in intelligent transportation system using YOLOv8-based deep learning approach

A novel lightweight real-time traffic sign detection method based on an embedded device and YOLOv8

A novel lightweight real-time traffic sign detection method based on an embedded device and YOLOv8

Real-Time Traffic Sign Detection: A Case Study in a Santa Clara Suburban Neighborhood

This research project aims to develop a real-time traffic sign detection system using the YOLOv5 architecture and deploys it for efficient traffic sign recognition during a drive in a suburban neighborhood. The project's primary objectives are to train the YOLOv5 model on a diverse dataset of traffic sign images and deploy the model on a suitable hardware platform capable of real-time inference. The project will involve collecting a comprehensive dataset of traffic sign images. By leveraging the trained YOLOv5 model, the system will detect and classify traffic signs from a real-time camera on a dashboard inside a vehicle. The performance of the deployed system will be evaluated based on its accuracy in detecting traffic signs, real-time processing speed, and overall reliability. During a case study in a suburban neighborhood, the system demonstrated a notable 96% accuracy in detecting traffic signs. This research's findings have the potential to improve road safety and traffic management by providing timely and accurate real-time information about traffic signs and can pave the way for further research into autonomous driving.

Real-time traffic sign detection model based on multi-branch convolutional reparameterization

Real-time traffic sign detection model based on multi-branch convolutional reparameterization

Real-Time Traffic Sign Detection Based on Weighted Attention and Model Refinement

Real-Time Traffic Sign Detection Based on Weighted Attention and Model Refinement

Automatic Detection and Categorization of Road Traffic Signs using a Knowledge-Assisted Method

Deep Learning is proving to be a boon for the latest smart city applications. For efficient mobility-based applications, Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) are indispensable. In an autonomous driving scenario, a Traffic Sign Detection and Recognition system (TSDR) helps the drivers. Eventually, with its proper use, the number of accidents on the road can also be reduced. TSDR is an important technique in ITS but it can be hard to implement because of the mess, different levels of light, different sign sizes, and changing weather. In the past, different object detection models such as Fast regions with convolutional neural networks (RCNN) and Faster R-CNN were utilised for this purpose but due to the sluggish pace of detection, these models are inefficient. In this article, a state-of-the-art approach using ”You Only Look Once” version 4 (YOLOv4) is being used for the correct detection and recognition of traffic signs. YOLOv4 utilizes convolutional neural networks (CNN) for the instant detection of objects. YOLO framework processes input image in a single instance and it does not require a complex detection pipeline, making it extremely fast. Therefore, the proposed approach is feasible for real-time traffic sign detection and recognition. The detection accuracy of the proposed YOLOv4 model is improved by adjusting the relevant parameters and retraining the model on manually annotated data set. It has been demonstrated in results that the performance of proposed model is adequate.

Traffic sign classification using CNN and detection using faster-RCNN and YOLOV4

Autonomous driving cars are becoming popular everywhere and the need for a robust traffic sign recognition system that ensures safety by recognizing traffic signs accurately and fast is increasing. In this paper, we build a CNN that can classify 43 different traffic signs from the German Traffic Sign Recognition benchmark dataset. The dataset is made up of 39,186 images for training and 12,630 for testing. Our CNN for classification is light and reached an accuracy of 99.20% with only 0.8 M parameters. It is tested also under severe conditions to prove its generalization ability. We also used Faster R–CNN and YOLOv4 networks to implement a recognition system for traffic signs. The German Traffic Sign Detection benchmark dataset was used. Faster R–CNN obtained a mean average precision (mAP) of 43.26% at 6 Frames Per Second (FPS), which is not suitable for real-time application. YOLOv4 achieved an mAP of 59.88% at 35 FPS, which is the preferred model for real-time traffic sign detection. These mAPs are obtained using Intersect Over Union of 50%. A comparative analysis is also presented between these models.

Real-time traffic sign detection based on multiscale attention and spatial information aggregator

Real-time traffic sign detection based on multiscale attention and spatial information aggregator

Real time traffic sign detection and recognition for autonomous vehicle

The advancement of technology has made it possible for modern cars to utilize an increasing number of processing systems. Many methods have been developed recently to detect traffic signs using image processing algorithms. This study deals with an experiment to build a CNN model which can classify traffic signs in real-time effectively using OpenCV. The experimentation method involves building a CNN model based on a modified LeNet architecture with four convolutional layers, two max-pooling layers and two dense layers. The model is trained and tested with the German Traffic Sign Recognition Benchmark (GTSRB) dataset. Parameter tuning with different combinations of learning rate and epochs is done to improve the model’s performance. Later, this model is used to classify the images introduced to the camera in real- time. The graphs depicting the accuracy and loss of the model before and after parameter tuning are presented. Also, an experiment was performed to classify the traffic sign image introduced to the camera by using the CNN model. A high probability score is achieved during the process.

Traffic sign detection algorithm based on improved YOLOv4-Tiny

There are three problems in YOLOv4-Tiny when it is used for traffic sign detection: the feature pyramid network fails to fuse high-level and low-level features sufficiently, the importance of low-level features for small object detection is not considered, and the ability to extract the features of small objects in the backbone network is not strong. Focusing on these problems, this paper proposes an improved YOLOv4 -Tiny for real-time traffic sign detection. Firstly, this paper improves YOLOv4-Tiny’s feature fusion method and proposes an adaptive feature pyramid network (AFPN), which aims to adaptively fuse the two feature layers with different scales. Secondly, two receptive field blocks (RFB) are added after the two feature layers of the backbone network. These two RFBs are composed of multi-branch structures and dilated convolution with different dilation rates, which can enhance the feature extraction ability of the backbone network. The CCTSDB and GTSDB datasets are used to evaluate the effectiveness of the improved method. The experimental results show that our proposed network is superior to the original network in the precision, recall rate, and mAP. In addition, compared with other state-of-the-art approaches on traffic sign detection, our proposed network has good comprehensive performance in accuracy and speed. The above results show that our improved method is effective in improving the performance of traffic sign detection.

Traffic Sign Detection

Road signs are important to ensure smooth traffic flow without bottlenecks or mishaps. Road symbols are the pictorial representations having different necessary information required to be understood by driver. Road signs in front of the vehicle are ignored by the drivers and this can lead to catastrophic accidents. This paper presents an overview of the traffic sign board detection and recognition and implements a procedure to extract the road sign from a natural complex image, processes it and alerts the driver using voice command It is implemented in such a way that it acts as a boon to drivers to make easy decisions. There are several major challenges that affects the detection and recognition process of traffic signs and makes it difficult for the driver to identify the signs in adverse weather conditions and darkness, these challenges and problems are highlighted in this study. Traffic signs are detected based on various features such as color, shape, and texture etc. Based on these features numerous methods exists for detection of traffic signs. We have describe a new, real-time traffic sign detection. This challenge get more difficult to meet in a city like environment where multiple traffic signs, ads, parking vehicles, pedestrians, and other moving or background objects make the recognition much more difficult.

A Novel Lightweight Real-Time Traffic Sign Detection Integration Framework Based on YOLOv4.

As a popular research direction in the field of intelligent transportation, various scholars have widely concerned themselves with traffic sign detection However, there are still some key issues that need to be further solved in order to thoroughly apply related technologies to real scenarios, such as the feature extraction scheme of traffic sign images, the optimal selection of detection methods, and the objective limitations of detection tasks. For the purpose of overcoming these difficulties, this paper proposes a lightweight real-time traffic sign detection integration framework based on YOLO by combining deep learning methods. The framework optimizes the latency concern by reducing the computational overhead of the network, and facilitates information transfer and sharing at diverse levels. While improving the detection efficiency, it ensures a certain degree of generalization and robustness, and enhances the detection performance of traffic signs in objective environments, such as scale and illumination changes. The proposed model is tested and evaluated on real road scene datasets and compared with the current mainstream advanced detection models to verify its effectiveness. In addition, this paper successfully finds a reasonable balance between detection performance and deployment difficulty by effectively reducing the computational cost, which provides a possibility for realistic deployment on edge devices with limited hardware conditions, such as mobile devices and embedded devices. More importantly, the related theories have certain application potential in technology industries such as artificial intelligence or autonomous driving.

An Improved Image Enhancement Method for Traffic Sign Detection

Traffic sign detection (TRD) is an essential component of advanced driver-assistance systems and an important part of autonomous vehicles, where the goal is to localize image regions that contain traffic signs. Over the last decade, the amount of research on traffic sign detection and recognition has significantly increased. Although TRD is a built-in feature in modern cars and several methods have been proposed, it is a challenging problem due to the high computational demand, the large number of traffic signs, complex traffic scenes, and occlusions. In addition, it is not clear how can we perform real-time traffic sign detection in embedded systems. In this paper, we focus on image enhancement, which is the first step of many object detection methods. We propose an improved probability-model-based image enhancement method for traffic sign detection. To demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method, we compared it with other widely used image enhancement approaches in traffic sign detection. The experimental results show that our method increases the performance of object detection. In combination with the Selective Search object proposal algorithm, the average detection accuracies were 98.64% and 99.1% on the GTSDB and Swedish Traffic Signs datasets. In addition, its relatively low computational cost allows for its usage in embedded systems.

Real-time traffic sign detection and recognition using Raspberry Pi

Nowadays, the number of road accident in Malaysia is increasing expeditiously. One of the ways to reduce the number of road accident is through the development of the advanced driving assistance system (ADAS) by professional engineers. Several ADAS system has been proposed by taking into consideration the delay tolerance and the accuracy of the system itself. In this work, a traffic sign recognition system has been developed to increase the safety of the road users by installing the system inside the car for driver’s awareness. TensorFlow algorithm has been considered in this work for object recognition through machine learning due to its high accuracy. The algorithm is embedded in the Raspberry Pi 3 for processing and analysis to detect the traffic sign from the real-time video recording from Raspberry Pi camera NoIR. This work aims to study the accuracy, delay and reliability of the developed system using a Raspberry Pi 3 processor considering several scenarios related to the state of the environment and the condition of the traffic signs. A real-time testbed implementation has been conducted considering twenty different traffic signs and the results show that the system has more than 90% accuracy and is reliable with an acceptable delay.

Improved Deep Learning Performance for Real-Time Traffic Sign Detection and Recognition Applicable to Intelligent Transportation Systems

Improved Deep Learning Performance for Real-Time Traffic Sign Detection and Recognition Applicable to Intelligent Transportation Systems

Detection of Small Size Traffic Signs Using Regressive Anchor Box Selection and DBL Layer Tweaking in YOLOv3

Traffic sign recognition is a key module of autonomous cars and driver assistance systems. Traffic sign detection accuracy and inference time are the two most important parameters. Current methods for traffic sign recognition are very accurate; however, they do not meet the requirement for real-time detection. While some are fast enough for real-time traffic sign detection, they fall short in accuracy. This paper proposes an accuracy improvement in the YOLOv3 network, which is a very fast detection framework. The proposed method contributes to the accurate detection of a small-sized traffic sign in terms of image size and helps to reduce false positives and miss rates. In addition, we propose an anchor frame selection algorithm that helps in achieving the optimal size and scale of the anchor frame. Therefore, the proposed method supports the detection of a small traffic sign with real-time detection. This ultimately helps to achieve an optimal balance between accuracy and inference time. The proposed network is evaluated on two publicly available datasets, namely the German Traffic Sign Detection Benchmark (GTSDB) and the Swedish Traffic Sign dataset (STS), and its performance showed that the proposed approach achieves a decent balance between mAP and inference time.

Real-time traffic sign detection network using DS-DetNet and lite fusion FPN

Traffic sign detection (TSD) using convolutional neural networks (CNN) is promising and intriguing for autonomous driving. Especially, with sophisticated large-scale CNN models, TSD can be performed with high accuracy. However, the conventional CNN models suffer the drawbacks of being time-consuming and resource-hungry, which limit their application and deployments in various platforms of limited resources. In this paper, we propose a novel real-time traffic sign detection system with a lightweight backbone network named Depth Separable DetNet (DS-DetNet) and a lite fusion feature pyramid network (LFFPN) for efficient feature fusion. The new model can achieve a performance trade-off between speed and accuracy using a depthwise separable bottleneck block, a lite fusion module, and an improved SSD detection front-end. The testing results on the MS COCO and the GTSDB datasets reveal that 23.1% mAP with 6.39 M parameters and only 1.08B FLOPs on MSCOCO, 81.35% mAP with 5.78 M parameters on GTSDB. With our model, the run speed is 61 frames per second (fps) on GTX 1080ti, 12 fps on Nvidia Jetson Nano and 16 fps on Nvidia Jetson Xavier NX.

Real Time Traffic Signs and Obstacle Detection in Self-Driving Car

The motivation behind this research work is to improve car safety and efficiency.The concept of self driving cars is heard from years, it has not come into usage in many countries because of the lack of complete intelligence in the vehicle. Some of the modern vehicles provide partially automated specifications such as keeping the car within its lane, speed controls or emergency braking..According to statistics most of the accidents occur due to lack of instant response to traffic signs and obstacles ahead. In case of self driving car this problem can be addressed by detecting the traffic signals using high end camera. Real time traffic sign detection model accomplishes its objective by identifying the traffic signals and obstacles. A high end camera is used to capture the image, raspberry pi 3 is used as hardware and open computer vision library is used to process the image and identify the patterns in the image to properly detect the signals. Ultra sonic distance sensor is used to identify the obstacles.

Two‐stage traffic sign detection and recognition based on SVM and convolutional neural networks

Nowadays, traffic sign recognition is the most important task of advanced driver assistance systems since it improves the safety and comfort of drivers. However, it remains a challenging task due to the complexity of road traffic scenes. In this study, a novel two-stage approach for real-time traffic sign detection and recognition in a real traffic situation was proposed. The first stage aims to detect and classify the detected traffic signs into circular and triangular shape using HOG features and linear support vector machines (SVMs). The main objective of the second stage is to recognise the traffic signs using a convolutional neural network into their subclasses. The performance of the whole process is tested on German traffic sign detection benchmark (GTSDB) and German traffic sign recognition benchmark (GTSRB) datasets. Experimental results show that the obtained detection and recognition rate is comparable with those reported in the literature with much less complexity. Furthermore, the average processing time demonstrates its suitability for real-time processing applications.

Real-time traffic sign detection and classification towards real traffic scene

In this paper we propose a real-time traffic sign recognition algorithm which is robust to the small-sized objects and can identify all traffic sign categories. Specifically, we present a two-level detection framework which consists of the region proposal module(RPM) which is responsible for locating the objects and the classification module(CM) which aims to classify the located objects. In addition, to solve the problem of insufficient samples, we present an effective data augmentation method based on traffic sign logo to generate enough training data. The experiments are conducted in TT100k, and the results show the superiority of our method.