Real-time Multitasking Operating System Research Articles

Development of main functional modules for MVB and its application in rail transit

Abstract In this work, multi-function vehicle bus (MVB) controller-based Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) and MVB manager based on the real-time multitasking operating system were explored and developed. The function of the MVB controller data link layer was realised by using FPGA. The embedded real-time multitasking operating system uCOS-II was applied to the development of MVB manager’s processing data, device state management, message data and bus management function. The network consistency test was performed to validate data communication of MVB link layer control protocol and the management function of MVB manager; the equipment was shown to be compatible with each other and met the requirements of IEC61375-1.

Realization of Interrupts and Time Management of a Sensor Network Operating System

μOS, the operating system of microkernel wireless sensor network, is a real-time multi-tasking operating system; and its main function modules include task management, time management, interrupt management, energy conservation mechanism and communication protocol. Thereinto, its time management and interrupt management is the basis of other functional modules. The author designs and realizes clock management and interrupt management for microkernel wireless sensor network operating system μOS. It is shown from system performance tests such the time management and interrupt management are capable of satisfying real-time requirements in the system.

Design and Realization of Semaphore for a Sensor Network Operating System

μOS, the operating system of microkernel wireless sensor network, is a real-time multi-tasking operating system; the author designs a semaphore synchronization mechanism and works out mutex semaphore in the paper, in order to avoid errors resulting from resources sharing by multiple tasks in a competitive manner. It is shown from experiments that the mechanism is capable of synchronizing and multi-excluding in μOS more effectively, thus optimizing kernel synchronization and mutex in a simpler and more efficient manner.

Software Design of Measurement and Control Device for Smart Grid Based on Embedded Operating System

Real-time multi-task embedded operating system is widely used in intelligent electronic devices. But the software design method with embedded OS is not familiar to developers in power system. So this paper depicts a sophisticated solution to overcome the difficulty in embedded software design. An overall software design is achieved in detail, and the emphasis is software architecture design, interrupt and task allocation and communication interface. After field validation, the measurement-control devices designed by this design solution have been proven that it is well adapted to the new requirements of Smart Grid.

The Design and Implementation of RTOS Based on YL-236 Single Chip Microcomputer Training Device

Using the equipment, YL-236 single chip microcomputer (SCM) control device installation and debugging training platform, used in the SCM event of the National Vocational Students Skills Competition (NVSSC) as hardware carrier, this paper researched the application method of real-time operating system (RTOS) in the implementation of the SCM Skills Competition task, and apply the real-time multitasking operating system (RTMOS), RTX51, in the 8-bit 51 SCM. That allows switch of circulation tasks, supports the signal transmission, utilizes the interrupt function in parallel, and has very small demand for RAM. That makes whole SCM task to develop much easier and more convenient, and enhances the real-time performance and reliability of the SCM Skills Competition task at the same time.

Research on Distributed Multi-Axis Motion Control System Based on CANopen

The 32-bit ARM Cortex-M3 core processor Stm32f107vc which integrates two sets of bxCAN interfaces is used as hardware platform to achieve the design of hardware module and software module in this paper. Firstly, real-time multi-tasking operating system μCOS-II is ported to stm32 processor, then open source protocol stack microCANopen which is high real-time and reliable is transplanted under the μCOS-II, so a design of CANopen slave station is achieved. The CAN analyzer which is equipped with monitor trace functionality is used as CANopen master station to start the network, with three CANopen slave stations and one HMI, a distributed multi-axis motion control system based on CANopen which achieves network management and synchronous transmission of data in distributed control system is designed. On above basis, Fuji ALPHA5 Smart servo is used as executive member, modular design of reconfigurable motion control algorithm is realized, furthermore, The flexible module configuration enables the designer to develop systems conveniently according to the change of control requirement and network topology. This distributed control system not only has good real-time performance and stability, but also can reduce the complexity, enhance the flexibility of control system and save cost.

The Functional Design on Fault Recorder of μC/OS-II-Based Intelligent Substation

Regarding the functional requirements for smart substation in fault recorder, this paper introduced μC / OS-II, an embedded real-time multitasking operating system as the functional design. The program works with the embedded operating system, the state machine theory and new methods for embedded development, whilst tasking full use of the advantages of such functions as task scheduling, message queues, etc., aiming to achieve a fault recorder function of intelligent substation. More than taking care of the difficulty of programming, it could improve the program reliability and portability. The program has been applied in an intelligent substation protection in centralized control unit, which has brought back a good fault recorder performance. On this basis, more functions can be integrated, including network log analysis, state estimation, etc., in order to truly meet the application requirements of the smart substations.

A fast compass alignment method for SINS based on saved data and repeated navigation solution

Compared with Gimbaled Inertial Navigation System (GINS), there are two differences in the compass alignment process for Strapdown INS (SINS) as follows: (1) the input signal is the projected sensor data from body frame to calculated navigation frame, not the sensor data; (2) the output control signal participates in navigation solution rather than driving navigation frame directly. Considering these characteristics, a fast compass alignment method based on iterative calculation is designed for SINS in this paper. With the help of high performance computer, the iterative process can be finished fast and the alignment time can be shortened obviously. However, there exist two problems in the new method, one of which is how to use the saved data, and the other is how to ensure the real-time property of alignment result. For the first problem, our simulation result shows that the forward–forward navigation solution method is more effective for compass alignment than the backward–forward one. And to solve the second problem, Multi-tasking method combined with Real Time Multi-tasking Operating System (RTOS) is used to trace the change of body frame and update the body frame of attitude matrix when the alignment is finished. The car test on a type of fiber-optic gyro SINS indicates that the alignment accuracy of the proposed method processed for 142s is as precise as that of the classical compass alignment method for 720s.

Research on the Implementation of Porting uC/OS-II on the STM32F103 chip

This work show how to port μCOS-II kernel and to build the ARM cortex-m3 hardware platform. This program researches how to drive the basic external devices. This paper gives a detailed discussion that the driver programs of the underlying hardware is how to be expanded into the uC/OS_II to process the tasks from the platform. The applications can make the STM32 processor work normally by calling the functions of transplanted uC / OS_II. The system is an actual embedded real-time multi-task operating system. The speed of processing multi-tasks is faster than conventional micro-controller’s. Because this system can run the highest priority task without return to the while loop. At last, this paper gives the structure of the main framework, the code of the tasks. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v11i7.2839

单侧Jacobi矩阵求逆算法及其DSP实现

链路自适应与先进接收机是宽带无线通信系统的核心技术，其设计与实现均涉及大量的矩阵分解以及矩阵求逆运算，提高矩阵分解和矩阵求逆运算的效率是提高宽带无线通信系统传输效能的基本途径。针对此目的，本文提出一种在经典Jacobi算法上改进的单侧Jacobi算法。由于该算法具有并行的特性，相比于串行（单核）实现在指令执行周期数上可提高至少两倍的运行效率。本文首先重点介绍改进的单侧Jacobi算法和TMS320C6474 DSP的内部架构与特性，然后重点阐述结合TI的实时多任务操作系统内核(DSP/BIOS)并行实现此算法，最后在同样精度的计算结果下比较并行算法与串行算法指令执行周期数，由此验证改进的单侧Jacobi算法在并行实现上的高效性。 Link adaptive transmission and advanced receiver are two key technologies in broadband wireless communi- cation system. The design and realization of the system both involve a large number of matrix decomposition and inver- sion. The basic way to improve transmission efficiency of broadband wireless communication system is to enhance the efficiency of matrix decompose and inverse computations. For this purpose, this paper develops a kind of one-sided Jacobi algorithm based on classic Jacobi. Since this algorithm has the characteristic of parallelism, it can increase the efficiency at least twice in terms of the instruction execution cycle numbers. This article will first focus on the im- proved one-sided Jacobi algorithm as well as internal architecture and characteristics of DSP TMS320C6474. It then elaborates on how to implement this algorithm in parallel using TI’s real-time multi-tasking operating system kernel (DSP/BIOS). Finally, this paper will compare instruction execution cycle numbers between parallel and serial algorithm under the same accuracy, proving the high efficiency of the improved one-sided Jacobi algorithm.

The Study of Target Tracking Based on ARM Embedded Platform

This article explored a solution of target tracking based on the ARM embedded platform, which gave a design and realization of removable image processing equipment to detect and track the pedestrian in the video. The integration level of embedded platform is very high, embedded platform supports real-time multitasking operating system, and comply with the requirements of real-time and miniaturization. Studying how to combine embedded platform with target tracking, it has instructional significance for robot development applications.

Digital Integrated Monitoring System of Mine Hoist Based on ARM

The real-time respondent speed and the reliability play a deciding role on the performance of the digital monitoring for mine hoist. Differs to the traditional monitoring for mine hoist , it is possible to improve the signal respondent speed during upgrading of mine hoist by two methods, one is to adopt the quick microprocessor and another is the embedded real-time multi-task operating system. The Advanced Reduced Instruction Set Computer Machines (ARM) is particularly suitable to work as the controller of the digital monitoring for mine hoist with its merits as high running speed and complete peripheral equipments. The micro C/OS-Ⅱcan both improve the respondent speed against various signals from mining enterprises fields and the reliability of the controlling software as an embedded real-time operating system.The principle of task allocation is an important one of the highest priority related to the stability of mine hoist and functional tasks. To avoid multiple tasks simultaneously access the same shared resources, two semaphores are introduced to determine the access mechanism of the shared resource. Application of real-time operating system is the future of digital development of mine hoist.

An Embedded System Dedicated to Intervehicle Communication Applications

To overcome system latency and network delay is essential for intervehicle communication (IVC) applications such as hazard alarming and cooperative driving. This paper proposes a low-cost embedded software system dedicated to such applications. It consists of two basic component layers: an operating system, named HEROS (hybrid event-driven and real-time multitasking operating system), and a communication protocol, named CIVIC (Communication Inter Vehicule Intelligente et Cooperative). HEROS is originally designed for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). It contains a component-based resource-aware kernel and a low-latency tuple-based communication system. Moreover, it provides a configurable event-driven and/or real-time multitasking mechanism for various embedded applications. The CIVIC is an autoconfiguration cooperative IVC protocol. It merges proactive and reactive approaches to speed up and optimize location-based routing discovery with high-mobility nodes. Currently, this embedded system has been implemented and tested. The experiment results show that the new embedded system has low system latency and network delay under the principle of small resource consumption.

A New System Dedicated to Real-time Cardiac Arrhythmias Tele-assistance and Monitoring

More than 60,000 people die suddenly each year in France due to cardiac arrhythmias. The current techniques used to diagnose cardiac arrhythmias such as HOLTER, R.TEST and telemetry system are partially efficient owing to the limitation of the duration of monitoring. This paper presents a new system dedicated to real-time cardiac arrhythmias tele- assistance and monitoring. This system is generally composed of 4 main configurable elements: wireless ECG sensor, local access unit, remote centre server, and remote surveillance terminal. The main technical challenges of this system include three aspects: a real-time automatic ECG diagnostic algorithm, an embedded real-time multi-task operating system, and a real-time reliable telemedicine communication protocol. This paper gives our solutions to these problems and specifies the technical details. Currently, this system has been evaluated on thirty patients at the CHRU of Gabriel Montpied hospital (Clermont-Ferrand, France) and also been used to test the athletes' cardiac status during the physical exercises. The performance results show that this system meets fully the requirements of real-time cardiac monitoring and diagnosing application and can be used as a long-term cardiac healthcare equipment.

A Multi-sensor Inspection System Based on RMOS

In this paper, a coloured timed Petri net (CTPN) is proposed to model a multi-sensor inspection system (MSIS) based on a real-time multi-task operating system (RMOS). The CTPN provides a visualisation method for modelling MSIS activities, then design and performance analysis of MSIS can be easily implemented by developers. In order to resolve the problem that there is a high demand for the real-time limitation in MSIS, RMOS developed into MSIS in the paper. An application example of MSIS based on the speed circle method in computer numerical control (CNC) of a broach sharpening machine tool is investigated to show the capability of CTPN and the effectiveness of RMOS. This work establishes the foundation for rapidly constructing MSIS.

Development of an Open Parallel Intelligent CNC Milling System. Part 1. System Structure

An open parallel intelligent CNC milling system is developed both in hardware and software. It is constructed as a hierarchical modular structure. An intelligent controller module is developed based on the ISA bus using a PC, which is connected to the CNC main processor module through a dual-port memory so that parallel control can be realised. All the functional software modules are developed in a hierarchical parallel structure in a real-time multi-task operating system so that parallel processing can be realised.

Techniques for the Behaviour Verification of Real-Time Multitasking Components

The aim of the paper is to contribute to the building of reusable and verified software components in real-time complex systems. A means to verify the behavioural correctness of a real-time application supported by an off-the-shelves real-time multitasking operating system is proposed. The verification is based on a simulation of the application modelled with Shaw's CRSM. It is also shown how the splitting of the verification process according to the different running modes of the application can dramatically reduce the complexity of the verification.

UDATS-II: data acquisition in a client-server environment

Continuous data acquisition from current meters and other sensors deployed in the surf zone makes special demands on the capabilities of systems. This paper describes a new system that allows continuous digital recording of data at 10 Hz, with the simultaneous processing of the data to estimate statistical moments. This new design uses a real-time multitasking operating system in a client-server model to achieve the objective of continuous operation while maintaining a robust distributed system. This paper explores some of the alternatives and then details the hardware and software design of the new system. Data collected during the Duck94 field experiment are presented as examples of the capabilities of the new system.

Set-top box control software: A key component in digital video

The emerging technologies of digital video and high-speed networks are combined together in a set-top box to provide a wide variety of value-added services to consumers. The control software in set-top boxes includes a real-time multi-tasking operating system with extensive multimedia support. Along with digital TV functionality, the control software provides an easy to use functional interface for set-top capabilities, such as MPEG decoding, high-speed broadband network interface, 2-way communications and graphics. An application-level software called the navigator performs basic TV functions and has the ability to download and execute interactive multimedia applications from network servers.

A protocol processing architecture for networked multimedia computers

Multimedia workstation architectures differ from current architectures in these respects --- they have multiple specialized processing units, a high speed I/O interconnect mechanism, a high speed broadband network interface and a real-time multitasking operating system (OS) that provides QoS guarantees. These systems will primarily be used to run distributed applications that require high network throughput and predictable delay and delay jitter for real-time traffic. We argue the need for a different protocol organization and processing architecture in order to achieve this. We show how the emerging hardware architecture and OS structures favor a "decentralized protocol processing" approach, that takes advantage of the data delivery mechanism provided by the hardware to improve in-band (protocol data) processing, and the sophisticated OS mechanisms based on communicating objects to improve the out-of band (control) processing. We discuss the need for providing end-to-end QoS guarantees for applications and discuss how it can be naturally incorporated in the proposed architecture.