Real-time GIS Research Articles

REAL-TIME GIS FOR MONITORING AND SECURITY

Applications of geographic information systems in the security domain are diverse and cover various aspects such as crisis prevention and management, public safety, national security, critical infrastructure protection and military applications. Real-time GIS is essential for effective emergency response and management because it provides accurate information on the location and dynamics of events.

Design and Build an Application for Monitoring the Spread of Covid-19 Based on GIS for the Cileungsi District

An infectious respiratory disease called Covid-19 is brought on by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. It is thought that the rare Covid-19 Omicron variant is a global epidemic since it is disseminating so swiftly and broadly. It is essential that the community receives timely and accurate information on Covid -19. Because handwritten reports in Excel format are still used for Covid-19 patient data collection, it is difficult to reliably and effectively gather data. Comprehensive and in-depth Covid-19 data will be provided for the Cileungsi sub-district in the Bogor Regency as part of this project. The prototype approach was chosen for this study because it provides a method for quickly and gradually developing apps and allows user-direct evaluation. Since Leaflet can be trusted to display data in the form of a spatial map and its attributes, it will be utilized to build the application. The use of the MySQL database will significantly aid in the storage of map data in the form of spatial and other general data. The software will be simpler to use for the general public if data is displayed in a user-friendly, interactive, real-time GIS map format.

Development and Application of a Real-Time GIS Digital Platform for Landslide Risk Analysis

Development and Application of a Real-Time GIS Digital Platform for Landslide Risk Analysis

THE ART OF HUMAN PARTICIPATION AGAINST ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE WITH GEOSPATIAL INFORMATION SYSTEM IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY

Art is an integral part of human life. The development of the tourism industry is very important for developing countries that are facing problems such as high unemployment rate, distorted international image, limited foreign exchange resources and a single product economy, mainly oil. Today, the importance of the tourism industry, which is considered an investment in countries, is not hidden from anyone. This capital is measured based on the general health of that area and will be considered as the basis for tourists’ decision-making for the destination as a tourism goal. Among these, psychological events are also significant. Compliance with the points mentioned in tourism is mandatory for a society. Time and its management are among the most important things that play a major role in increasing or decreasing stress. People have different solutions for their decisions according to different conditions. In today’s artificial intelligence world, it is felt everywhere that humans have entrusted many activities to it, but we must know what the consequences are. The spatial information system has put time and space together in one axis. Transtemporal issues and events that are formed around the axis of time, such as time management, are one of the basic challenges of today’s humanity, and on the other hand, spatial issues are considered an integral part of human life. Therefore, real-time GIS is increasingly associated with innovation. The continuation of this research can be related to all industrial and money-making sectors of a region. which shows the importance of this industry in the continuation of urban development. In this research, the maps of a region have been examined as a case to show the importance of people’s choice and their participation. In this study, NPGIS is introduced in a general way that enhances space-time-location interaction. In the results of the research, time and its related criteria show their key role and show the intermingling of spatial sciences with tourism.

Development of a multi-view and geo-event-driven real-time collaborative GIS

ABSTRACT Supporting distributed real-time collaborative work has become an important development trend in GIS. It enables group users to cooperate and improve the use of scientific data and collaboration technologies. Real-time collaborative GIS (RCGIS) provides a platform for supporting synchronous collaboration using geospatial data in various forms. Traditional RCGIS generally works on a single map view, which has the disadvantage of collaborative interface confusion. The traditional system-driven mechanism of RCGIS is a computer-interaction event that has the disadvantage of an unfriendly collaborative perception. This paper presents a design and prototype of a RCGIS based on multi-view and geo-event driven mechanisms. The geo-event-driven mechanism provides users with a smoother collaborative perception and interactions that are more natural and friendly. The collaboration process for a GIS that is driven by geo-events is also discussed. A multi-view technique is used to make real-time GIS collaboration more orderly. The paper also proposes a synchronization strategy for public–private views. Finally, walk-through examples are used to demonstrate the use of RCGIS within a web environment.

Real-time GIS Programming and Geocomputation

Real-time GIS Programming and Geocomputation

Dynamic Online 3D Visualization Framework for Real-Time Energy Simulation Based on 3D Tiles

Energy co-simulation can be used to analyze the dynamic energy consumption of a building or a region, which is essential for decision making in the planning and management of smart cities. To increase the accessibility of energy simulation results, a dynamic online 3D city model visualization framework based on 3D Tiles is proposed in this paper. Two types of styling methods are studied, attribute-based and ID map-based. We first perform the energy co-simulation and save the results in CityGML format with EnergyADE. Then the 3D geometry data of these city objects are combined with its simulation results as attributes or just with object ID information to generate Batched 3D Models (B3DM) in 3D Tiles. Next, styling strategies are pre-defined and can be selected by end-users to show different scenarios. Finally, during the visualization process, dynamic interactions and data sources are integrated into the styling generation to support real-time visualization. This framework is implemented with Cesium. Compared with existing dynamic online 3D visualization framework such as directly styling or Cesium Language (CZML), a JSON format for describing a time-dynamic graphical scene, primarily for display in a web browser running Cesium, the proposed framework is more flexible and has higher performance in both data transmission and rendering which is essential for real-time GIS applications.

Application of real-time GIS analytics to support spatial intelligent decision-making in the era of big data for smart cities

The rapid growth of the urban landscape from natural development, traffic congestion, crime, and waste management has become a challenge to the city dwellers and decision-makers, thus requiring smart and efficient ways to tackle these problems. The combination of big data and Internet of Things (IoT

Application of GIS System and UAV Technology in the Work of River chief system

The main task of “River chief system” is protecting water resources, preventing water pollution, improving water environment and rehabilitating water ecology. It has a clear division of responsibility, coordinated and orderly, strict supervision and strong protection of rivers and lakes. It provides an institutional guarantee for maintaining healthy life of rivers and lakes and realizing sustainable use of them. This study is based on the aerial survey data of rivers in a county of Xinmi City, Henan Province, and the results of the river patrol, to study the combination of drone technology and static and real-time GIS systems to meet the requirements of the “River chief system” management work. It reflects the connotation of the river chief system and solves the problems in the actual work. Finally, based on this paper we want to provide an idea for improving the efficiency of the river management system.

Geographic information science III: GIScience, fast and slow – Why faster geographic information is not always smarter

The growing maturity and deployment of low-cost georeferenced sensors, navigation systems, fast wireless communication, cyberinfrastructure and the Internet of Things (IoT) is accelerating the speed of geographic data flowing from the environment and our capabilities for reacting quickly to geographic information, often automatically and in real-time. This is leading to the rise of real-time GIS and smart cities technologies. While reacting quickly to changing circumstances has value, there are potentials for unintended consequences and rebound effects resulting from our inability to build geographic knowledge quickly and the selective acceleration of societal processes. This report discusses why these unintended outcomes may occur, and suggests technical and scientific approaches for understanding and managing the potential impacts of fast geographic data.

Utilizing RFID for Effective Real Time Retrieval and Translation of Public Advertisements

One of the important characteristics of smart cities is ease in accessibility of information for residents and visitors alike. Language barriers, impairments and presence of crowd should not influence the context-awareness of the visitors in such cities. The information provided via advertisement boards play an important part in this regard. In this paper, we propose Smart ads- RFID based system for real time retrieval and translation of public advertisements. Candidate signs and advertisements are RFID-enabled and the electronic contents of such advertisements/signs are acquired and stored in a cloud database server. The system offers both real time and off-line text/voice translation into user's preferred language and communicates the translated contents to user's smart phone. The system also provides real time GIS map visualization of the RFID enabled advertisements in the city. It collects statistics regarding the number of users subscribed in the system, their locations, preferred language and most frequently used languages to help decision makers to decide when and where to post such advertisements. We described our developed pilot project and we investigated its usability, validity and usefulness using Fuzzy Rule-based System. We believe that such system could provide promising services within the context of smart cities.

Detrended cross-correlation analysis of urban traffic congestion and NO2 concentrations in Chengdu

In urban congested road sections, usually there exhibits elevated exhaust emissions due to longer idling and more frequent acceleration of vehicles. Using detrended cross-correlation analysis (DCCA), the relationship between air pollution and traffic congestion in the urban area of Chengdu was investigated. In order for a better quantification of the congested condition in a relatively large spatial region, a new measure, i.e., the congestion length (CL), is developed, extracted, and estimated using the Google Real-Time Traffic Maps and GIS technology. Relationships between the hourly average congestion length (HACL) and NO2 concentrations in the urban area of Chengdu from 12 May to 17 May, 2013 were analyzed. A high long-term cross-correlation between HACL and NO2 was observed, implying the ambient NO2 concentration fluctuations are positively cross-correlated with urban traffic congestion in the form of a power function. However, the ambient NO2 concentration did not respond immediately to the change of road traffic due to a relatively slow and lagged photochemical reaction process. A time lagged cross-correlation was further analyzed and showed that the time lag could be as large as 10h. These findings can be used for improving air quality forecasting accuracy by taking into account the time lags in correlation between emissions and air quality.

Automating the selection of standard parallels for conic map projections

Conic map projections are appropriate for mapping regions at medium and large scales with east–west extents at intermediate latitudes. Conic projections are appropriate for these cases because they show the mapped area with less distortion than other projections. In order to minimize the distortion of the mapped area, the two standard parallels of conic projections need to be selected carefully. Rules of thumb exist for placing the standard parallels based on the width-to-height ratio of the map. These rules of thumb are simple to apply, but do not result in maps with minimum distortion. There also exist more sophisticated methods that determine standard parallels such that distortion in the mapped area is minimized. These methods are computationally expensive and cannot be used for real-time web mapping and GIS applications where the projection is adjusted automatically to the displayed area. This article presents a polynomial model that quickly provides the standard parallels for the three most common conic map projections: the Albers equal-area, the Lambert conformal, and the equidistant conic projection. The model defines the standard parallels with polynomial expressions based on the spatial extent of the mapped area. The spatial extent is defined by the length of the mapped central meridian segment, the central latitude of the displayed area, and the width-to-height ratio of the map. The polynomial model was derived from 3825 maps—each with a different spatial extent and computationally determined standard parallels that minimize the mean scale distortion index. The resulting model is computationally simple and can be used for the automatic selection of the standard parallels of conic map projections in GIS software and web mapping applications.

Real-time collaborative GIS: A technological review

Collaborative Geographic Information Systems (CGIS) have become an important research area over the past two decades. This paper provides a critical review of the development of real-time CGIS, which is a branch under Collaborative GIS study. A real-time CGIS system provides a multi-user, real-time collaborative work environment, i.e., what you see is what I see (WYSIWIS), for spatial decision support and problem solving. The research about this kind of system has mainly focused on system architecture and modelling, collaborative awareness, concurrent control, collaborative behaviour modelling and other related key issues. The paper presents a two-stage historic development process of real-time CGIS, summarizes major research progress and representative developments by analysing their key technical issues, and based on the review discusses some research problems that need to be solved and some future research directions.

Monitoring and impact mitigation during a 4D seismic survey near a population of gray whales off Sakhalin Island, Russia

A 4D seismic survey was conducted in 2010 near the feeding grounds of gray whales off Sakhalin Island, Russia. To minimize disruptions to the whales’ feeding activity and enhance understanding of the potential impacts of seismic surveys on gray whales Eschrichtius robustus, an extensive monitoring and mitigation plan (MMP) was developed. Typically, mitigation plans involve observers on seismic vessels to monitor for the presence of marine mammals in an exclusion zone so as to prevent physical injury to the animals. Due to the protected status of western gray whales, an additional protection zone based on a behavioural disturbance threshold of exposure of 156 dB re μPa2-s per pulse was applied for whales within their feeding habitat defined by the estimated 95% abundance contour. Real-time radio-transmitting acoustic recorders were deployed along this contour to verify modelled acoustic footprints within the feeding grounds. Shore- and vessel-based observation teams monitored for the presence and activity of whales. A real-time GIS workflow tracking procedure was developed that integrated acoustic and whale positioning data to determine if sound levels at a whales’ position within the feeding area exceeded the behavioural threshold, in which case a shut-down of the seismic source was implemented. Additionally, behaviour and distribution surveys were conducted before, during and after the seismic survey to evaluate the effectiveness of the MMP. No large changes in whale movement, respiration, or distribution patterns were observed during the seismic survey. This could be interpreted to mean that the MMP was effective in reducing the sound exposure and behavioural responses of gray whales to seismic sounds. KEY WORDS: Seismic · Mitigation · Western gray whale · Eschrichtius robustus · Sakhalin · Piltun · Sea of Okhotsk · Anthropogenic disturbance

A REAL-TIME GIS PLATFORM FOR HIGH SOUR GAS LEAKAGE SIMULATION, EVALUATION AND VISUALIZATION

Abstract. The development of high-sulfur gas fields, also known as sour gas field, is faced with a series of safety control and emergency management problems. The GIS-based emergency response system is placed high expectations under the consideration of high pressure, high content, complex terrain and highly density population in Sichuan Basin, southwest China. The most researches on high hydrogen sulphide gas dispersion simulation and evaluation are used for environmental impact assessment (EIA) or emergency preparedness planning. This paper introduces a real-time GIS platform for high-sulfur gas emergency response. Combining with real-time data from the leak detection systems and the meteorological monitoring stations, GIS platform provides the functions of simulating, evaluating and displaying of the different spatial-temporal toxic gas distribution patterns and evaluation results. This paper firstly proposes the architecture of Emergency Response/Management System, secondly explains EPA’s Gaussian dispersion model CALPUFF simulation workflow under high complex terrain and real-time data, thirdly explains the emergency workflow and spatial analysis functions of computing the accident influencing areas, population and the optimal evacuation routes. Finally, a well blow scenarios is used for verify the system. The study shows that GIS platform which integrates the real-time data and CALPUFF models will be one of the essential operational platforms for high-sulfur gas fields emergency management.

WebGL Visualisation of 3D Environmental Models Based on Finnish Open Geospatial Data Sets

Abstract. Recent developments in spatial data infrastructures have enabled real time GIS analysis and visualization using open input data sources and service interfaces. In this study we present a new concept where metric point clouds derived from national open airborne laser scanning (ALS) and photogrammetric image data are processed, analyzed, finally visualised a through open service interfaces to produce user-driven analysis products from targeted areas. The concept is demonstrated in three environmental applications: assessment of forest storm damages, assessment of volumetric changes in open pit mine and 3D city model visualization. One of the main objectives was to study the usability and requirements of national level photogrammetric imagery in these applications. The results demonstrated that user driven 3D geospatial analyses were possible with the proposed approach and current technology, for instance, the landowner could assess the amount of fallen trees within his property borders after a storm easily using any web browser. On the other hand, our study indicated that there are still many uncertainties especially due to the insufficient standardization of photogrammetric products and processes and their quality indicators.

REAL-TIME GIS AND ITS APPLICATION IN INDOOR FIRE DISASTER

Abstract. GIS is now faced with the challenge how to represent and understand the fast-paced, constantly changing world, given increasingly real-time data including readings from large-scale distributed sensors and large quantities of simulation data generated by computation models. Traditional static GIS pays more attention to representing historic data and Temporal GIS(TGIS) only treats time as a occasional but not critical factor and can't support the explicit change representation. In this context, Real-time GIS(RGIS) is put forward and its data model becomes a key problem how to make an appropriate abstraction over the rapid changes implied in real-time data stream and establish the general interaction relationship between them. The paper proposes a spatiotemporal changeoriented three-domain model with the emphasis on the semantic interaction relationship of object, event and process. Based on this model, a semantic enrichment method for multi-scale spatiotemporal change is put forward. Finally, as a RGIS application, indoor fire disaster simulation is illustrated and proves the validity of the proposed model.

Strategy for Assessment of Land and Complex Fields Type Analysis Through GIS in Bangladesh

Bangladesh is an over populated developing country where crisis of food is a major issue, it faces different infrastructure problem in every sector. For Poverty Alleviation from the country we have to confirm cultivable land to increase the crop production for feeding the over population of the country. This paper focuses on the measurement of cultivable land for cultivation. The main purpose of this paper is to briefly describe how the GIS, Digital Mapping, Internet concepts and tools can effectively contribute in the modeling, analysis and visualization phases within an engineering or research project according to the crops by using object detection, object tracking and field mapping in Bangladesh. Through GIS mapping of the agricultural lands, the statistics can be made of how much land is cultivable and each year how much land we are losing. Mapping the cultivation land will tell us how much crop we have to import from other countries. Enabling real-time GIS analysis anytime, anywhere, the implementation of the GIS information to a wider aspect. Automation is the indicator of the modern civilizations. The system will benefit the food stock of the country according to the harvest. For this research we developed a new interactive system. The system will integrate with GIS project data in Google Earth, first finds highly accurate cluster images and partial images, obtains user feedback to merge or correct these digests, and then the supplementary visual analysis complete the partitioning of the data. This study was conducted at the software laboratory, Computer Science and Engineering department, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh in 2013.

Research and Development of Region Power Grid Wind Hazard Precaution System

The severe wind is one of the most threatening natural disasters for power grid operation. To solve the problem of the wind hazard assessment of power grid, a region power grid wind hazard precaution system is proposed in this paper by using weather and power grid data and geographical information. This system consists of two forecast models that the first is the statistical diagnosis model based on Partial least-squares and Model Output Statistics (PLS-MOS) method, and the second is the numerical forecasting model by the combination of mesoscale numerical model and microscale boundary layer model (MM5-CALMAT). Finally, according to the wind-resistant design parameters of transmission towers, a precaution information management platform based on the grid disaster prevention and reduction system (GDPRS) is supplied in order to remind the relevant operator for their decision-making and emergency treatment through real-time SMS and GIS location display. It is of important practical significance and application value for power grid disaster prevention and reduction.