Reagent For Determination Of Iron Research Articles

Determination of Trace Amount of Iron with as-Triazine Containing Ferroin- Functional Group

The as-triazines containing iron(II) methine chromophoric group; 3-(2-pyridyl)-5,6-diphenyl-as-triazine (PDT), and 3-(2- pyridyl)-5,6-bis(p-methoxyphenyl)-as-triazine (PBMPT) have been prepared from commercially available relatively cheaper reagents. The absorptiometric characteristics of the iron(II) complexes with PDT and PBMPT have been re-evaluated. The interference of copper ion on the determination of iron with these selective reagents and its masking has also been studied. The application of these spectrophotometric reagents for determination of iron in water samples based on the formation of extractable PDT-iron(II) and PBMPT-iron(II) complexes in chloroform medium has been described. Standard addition technique was used to verify the reliability of the method. Repeated determinations gave results with a very small standard deviation.
 Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 67(2): 145-150, 2019 (July)

New hydrophilic 3-hydroxy-4-pyridinone chelators with ether-derived substituents: Synthesis and evaluation of analytical performance in the determination of iron in waters

Three new hydrophilic 3-hydroxy-4-pyridinone chelators containing ether-derived substituents were prepared by a more sustainable synthetic protocol that involves the use of microwave heating and commercially available amines, allowing the successful production of highly water soluble chelators with improved reaction yields and reaction times. Compared with parent 3-hydroxy-4-pyridinone ligands, the new compounds were obtained faster and in higher amounts, facilitating the scale up of the synthesis, which is crucial to produce these ligands and their respective iron(III) complexes for many biological, analytical and agricultural applications. Ligands were fully characterized by 1H and 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, High Resolution Mass Spectrometry and Single Crystal X-ray Diffraction and their performance in the analytical determination of iron(III) in water samples was evaluated by sequential injection methods. The results obtained are scientifically relevant, pointing out the potential of the new and straightforwardly synthesized ligands as analytical reagents for determination of iron(III).

Deferiprone, a non-toxic reagent for determination of iron in samples via sequential injection analysis

We present for the first time the use of deferiprone as a non-toxic complexing agent for the determination of iron by sequential injection analysis in pharmaceuticals and food samples. The method was based on the reaction of Fe(III) and deferiprone in phosphate buffer at pH 7.5 to give a Fe(III)–deferiprone complex, which showed a maximum absorption at 460nm. Under the optimum conditions, the linearity range for iron determination was found over the range of 0.05–3.0μgmL−1 with a correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.9993. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 0.032μgmL−1 and 0.055μgmL−1, respectively. The relative standard deviation (%RSD) of the method was less than 5.0% (n=11), and the percentage recovery was found in the range of 96.0–104.0%. The proposed method was satisfactorily applied for the determination of Fe(III) in pharmaceuticals, water and food samples with a sampling rate of 60h−1.

Analytical Application of 1, 1′-(Sulfonyldibenzene-4,1-diyl)bis(3-hydroxy-3-phenyltriaz-1-en) (BHDPT) in the Spectrophotometric Determination of Iron (III)

Bis hydroxytriazenes (1, 1′-(sulfonyldibenzene-4,1-diyl)bis(3-hydroxy-3-phenyltriaz-1-en)) has been proposed as a sensitive and selective reagent for the spectrophotometric determination of Iron(III). The method is based on the formation of green coloured 1:1 complex by the reaction of Iron (III) with Bis hydroxytriazenes. Beer's law is valid over the concentration range of 1×10−4 to 4.5×10−4. The coloured complex exhibit an absorption maximum at 410 nm with molar absorptivity of 45606.2 L mol−1cm−1 and sendell sensitivity of 1.22 ng cm−2 the absorbance is found to increase linearly with increase in concentration of iron which are corroborated by the calculated correlation coefficient.

Determination of Iron in Raw Materials, During Fabric Processing, and in Wastewaters of the Textile Industry

Abstract The Schiff base 2-(2-pyridylmethyieneamino)phenol (PMAP) was investigated as a spectrophotometric reagent for determination of iron in caustic soda, cotton yarn and fabric, woolen fabric, and industrial water. The solution properties of Fe(III)-PMAP complexes were determined. At pH 4.4 and 5.6, Fe(III) forms stable complexes with PMAP, with molar absorption coefficients (ε) of 3.00 × 103 and 7.44 × 103/M.cm, respectively. Composition and cumulative stability constants were determined by the mole ratio method (MRM) and the mole fraction variation method (MFVM). At the lower pH (4.4), the predominant complex species in the solution obtained with both methods are ML2, with fairly good agreement of stability constants: log βML2 = 7.00 ± 0.04 with MRM and 7.31 ± 0.01 with MFVM. At the higher pH (5.6), the composition and stability constants of predominant complex species in the solution obtained with the 2 methods were not in good agreement, perhaps because of the coexistence of several species, such as Fe-PMAP, Fe-hydroxo, and Fe-acetate complexes. PMAP is a sensitive reagent for determination of Fe(III). The detection limit of 0.4 μg/mL is lower than those of other frequently used spectrophotometric reagents for Fe. The reagent is ecologically more acceptable, because extraction with organic solvents is avoided. All measurements were made at pH 5.6 because sensitivity was higher at this pH. The high Fe values obtained for industrial water (31.8 μg/mL) indicate that some modifications in the process have to be done. Concentration of Fe in wastewater was much lower (15.9 μg/mL). The results for cotton and woolen fabric indicate that accumulation of Fe in wool is much higher than in cotton (84.4 μg/mL and 29.3-53.1 μg/mL, respectively).

2-Oximinodimedone monoguanylhydrazone as spectrophotometric reagent for determination of iron

The synthesis, properties and analytical possibilities of 2-oximinodimedone monoguanylhydrazone as spectrophotometric reagent have been examined. A new method for the determination of iron has been developed in a concentration range varying from 0·2–5·0 ppm of iron; the molar absorptivity is 1·1×104 litres mol−1 cm−1 at 600 nm and the relative error is ±0·3%. The method has been applied satisfactorily to the determination of iron in different inorganic samples.

2-(5-Bromo-2-Pyridylazo)-5-Dimethylaminophenol (5-Br-DMPAP) as a Reagent for Spectrophotometric Determination of Iron (III)

Abstract A new colour reaction of iron(III) with 5-Br-DMPAP has been studied systematically. In dilute acetic acid solution (0.06–0.8 N), iron(III) can form a coloured complex with the above-mentioned reagent.The complex exhibits maximum absorption at 600nm, and the value of the apparent molar absorption coefficient is found to be 7.6 × 104. The composition of the complex is also established as Fe(III): 5-Br-DMPAP = 1:2 by the methods of continuous variation and mole ratio, as well as slope ratio. The Lambert-Beer law is obeyed in the range of 0 to 0.8μg iron/ml. Proposed new method is reasonably selective and sensitive for iron(III) and was satisfactorily applied to the determination of iron(III) in irrigation water.

Determination of Iron in Drug Biochemical and Biological Samples as a Thiocyanato Mixed Ligand Complex with Hydroxyamidine

Abstract N-Hydroxy-N-o-tolyl-N′-phenylbenzamidine (HTPB) is presented as a new sensitive and highly selective reagent for determination of iron in drug, biochemical and biological samples in presence of thiocyanate. The red organge Fe(III)–HTPB–SCN mixed ligand complex is quantitatively extracted into benzene. The extraction of iron(III) as thiocyanato mixed ligand complex is quantitative in the acidity range between 0.2–0.7 M (1M=1 mol dm−3) hydrochloric acid. The effective molar absorptivity of the complex is 12000 l mol−1 cm−1 with Sandell’s sensitivity of 0.0046 μg of iron per cm2. On the basis of this sensitive color reaction, a simple, rapid, selective, and highly reproducible method for the extractive spectrophotometric determination of microgram amounts of iron in various drug, biochemical and biological samples has been developed. The method is free from most of the common metal ions and commonly used sequestering agents.

2-(5-Bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-dimethylaminophenol (5-Br-DMPAP) as a new reagent for the spectrophotometric determination of iron in plants

2-(5-Bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-dimethylaminophenol (5-Br-DMPAP) as a new reagent for the spectrophotometric determination of iron in plants

Naphthoxyacetylacetophenone as a Selective Reagent for Determination of Iron

Naphthoxyacetylacetophenone as a Selective Reagent for Determination of Iron

The simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of iron and copper with disodium 3-hydroxy-4-[(6-methyl-2-pyridyl)azo] -2,7-naphtalenedisulfonate N-oxide

The use of the title reagent for the simultaneous determination of iron and copper is described. The effects due to pH, time, reagent concentration and diverse ions are reported. Mixtures containing up to 2 ppm of iron and copper may be conveniently and rapidly analyzed.

A study of the formation and stability of the iron(III)-thiocyanate complex in acidic media

The formation of the iron(III)-thiocyanate complex in sulphuric and perchloric acids has been studied spectrophotometrically. Under no circumstances has any evidence been found that more than one thiocyanate ion enters the complex, contrary to widely held beliefs that up to six ions may be involved. Hydroxyl, sulphate and hydrogen sulphate ions and water molecules complete the co-ordination sphere. Decomposition products have been isolated and identified. Three ranges of acid concentration are identified, each region characterised by the manner of variation of the molar absorptivity and formation constant with change in acid concentration, and an interpretation is offered. Decomposition of both reagent and complex render thiocyanate unsatisfactory as a reagent for the precise determination of iron.

Spectrophotometric determination of iron with 1-hydroxy-4-sulpho-2-naphthoic acid

1-Hydroxy-4-sulpho-2-naphthoic acid (H 3L) is proposed as a spectrophotometric reagent for determination of iron. It gives a red-brown chelate, FeL 6− 3, with λ max 500–520 nm at pH 8 (ϵ = 3.3 × 10 3 l. mole −1. cm −1). In this wavelength region the reagent has no absorption. Most common cations and oxo-anions do not interfere. In the determination of iron in polymetallic iron ores and aluminium alloys the relative error and relative standard deviation of the method were found to be better than 1 and 0.5%, respectively. 1-Hydroxy-4-sulpho-2-naphthoic acid seems to be a more sensitive and accurate reagent for iron than 5-sulphosalicylic acid, and the number of interfering ions is smaller than in the 1,10-phenanthroline or thiocyanate methods.

Reagent for the spectrophotometric determination of iron (II) in alkaline solution

Reagent for the spectrophotometric determination of iron (II) in alkaline solution

2-benzoylpyridine-4-phenyl-3-thiosemicarbazone as an analytical reagent for spectrophotometric determination of iron

The analytical possibilities of 2-benzoylpyridine-4-phenyl-3-thio- semicarbazone as reagent for the spectrophotometric determination of iron have been examined, and compared with other reagents with the same reactive grouping. Two procedures for the estimation of iron have been established.