The article presents the results of the II International Scientific and Practical Conference “What and How Our Children Read: Cross-Cultural Aspect”, which was held at the Russian State Children’s Library on June 1-2, 2023.The goals of the conference were to discuss modern approaches to the study of reading and the reader; to consider current problems in the field of studying children’s reading; to exchange creative forms and methods of introducing preschoolers, schoolchildren and teenagers to reading; to popularize information resources for promoting the value of books and reading; to study the role of family, school and library in introducing children to reading. The author considered the key plenary presentations, a specialized round table as well as the work of two thematic sessions that took place within the conference programme.