Oxygen Reactivity Research Articles

Pinning effect of lattice Pb suppressing lattice oxygen reactivity of Pb-RuO2 enables stable industrial-level electrolysis.

Ruthenium (Ru) is widelyrecognized as a low-cost alternative to iridium as anode electrocatalyst in proton-exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWE). However, the reported Ru-based catalysts usually only operate within tens of hours in PEMWE because of their intrinsically high reactivity of lattice oxygen that leads to irrepressible Ru leaching and structural collapse. Herein, we report a design concept by employing large-sized and acid-resistant lattice lead (Pb) as a second element to induce apinning effect for effectively narrowing the moving channels of oxygen atoms, thereby lowering the reactivity of lattice oxygen in Ru oxides. The Pb-RuO2 catalyst presents a low overpotential of 188 ± 2 mV at 10 mA cm-2 and can sustain for over 1100 h in anacid medium with a negligible degradation rate of 19 μV h-1. Particularly, the Pb-RuO2-based PEMWE can operate for more than 250 h at 500 mA cm-2 with a low degradation rate of only 17 μV h-1. Experimental and theoretical calculation results reveal that Ru-O covalency is reduced due to the unique 6s-2p-4d orbital hybridization, which increases the loss energy of lattice oxygen and suppresses the over-oxidation of Ru for improved long-term stability in PEMWE.

Oxygen Plasma Triggered Co−O−Fe Motif in Prussian Blue Analogue for Efficient and Robust Alkaline Water Oxidation

AbstractIn the context of oxygen evolution reaction (OER), the construction of high‐valence transition metal sites to trigger the lattice oxygen oxidation mechanism is considered crucial for overcoming the performance limitations of traditional adsorbate evolution mechanism. However, the dynamic evolution of lattice oxygen during the reaction poses significant challenges for the stability of high‐valence metal sites, particularly in high‐current‐density water‐splitting systems. Here, we have successfully constructed Co−O−Fe catalytic active motifs in cobalt‐iron Prussian blue analogs (CoFe‐PBA) through oxygen plasma bombardment, effectively activating lattice oxygen reactivity while sustaining robust stability. Our spectroscopic and theoretical studies reveal that the Co−O−Fe bridged motifs enable a unique double‐exchange interaction between Co and Fe atoms, promoting the formation of high‐valence Co species as OER active centers while maintaining Fe in a low‐valence state, preventing its dissolution. The resultant catalyst (CoFe‐PBA‐30) requires an overpotential of only 276 mV to achieve 1000 mA cm−2. Furthermore, the assembled alkaline exchange membrane electrolyzer using CoFe‐PBA‐30 as anode material achieves a high current density of 1 A cm−2 at 1.76 V and continuously operates for 250 hours with negligible degradation. This work provides significant insights for activating lattice oxygen redox without compromising structure stability in practical water electrolyzers.

Modulating Core Polarity in Metal-free Covalent Organic Frameworks for Selective Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Peroxide Production.

Tuning the charge density at the active site to balance the adsorption ability and reactivity of oxygen is extremely significant for driving a two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) to produce hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Herein, we have highlighted the influence of intermolecular polarity in covalent organic frameworks (COFs) on the efficiency and selectivity of electrochemical H2O2 production. Different C3 symmetric building blocks have been utilized to regulate the charge density at the active sites. The benzene-cored COF, which exhibits reduced polarity than the triazine-cored COF, displayed enhanced performance in H2O2 production, achieving 93.1% selectivity for H₂O₂ at 0.4 V with almost two-electron transfer and a faradaic efficiency of 90.5%. In-situ electrochemical Raman spectroscopy and scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) were employed to confirm H₂O₂ generation and analyze spatial reactivity patterns. These techniques provided detailed insights into localized catalytic behavior, emphasizing the influence of core polarity.

Modulating Core Polarity in Metal‐free Covalent Organic Frameworks for Selective Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Peroxide Production

Tuning the charge density at the active site to balance the adsorption ability and reactivity of oxygen is extremely significant for driving a two‐electron oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) to produce hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Herein, we have highlighted the influence of intermolecular polarity in covalent organic frameworks (COFs) on the efficiency and selectivity of electrochemical H2O2 production. Different C3 symmetric building blocks have been utilized to regulate the charge density at the active sites. The benzene‐cored COF, which exhibits reduced polarity than the triazine‐cored COF, displayed enhanced performance in H2O2 production, achieving 93.1% selectivity for H₂O₂ at 0.4 V with almost two‐electron transfer and a faradaic efficiency of 90.5%. In‐situ electrochemical Raman spectroscopy and scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) were employed to confirm H₂O₂ generation and analyze spatial reactivity patterns. These techniques provided detailed insights into localized catalytic behavior, emphasizing the influence of core polarity.

Oxygen Plasma Triggered Co-O-Fe Motif in Prussian Blue Analogue for Efficient and Robust Alkaline Water Oxidation.

In the context of oxygen evolution reaction (OER), the construction of high-valent transition metal sites to trigger the lattice oxygen oxidation mechanism is considered crucial for overcoming the performance limitations of traditional adsorbate evolution mechanism. However, the dynamic evolution of lattice oxygen during the reaction poses significant challenges for the stability of high-valent metal sites, particularly in high-current-density water-splitting systems. Here, we have successfully constructed Co-O-Fe catalytic active motifs in cobalt-iron Prussian blue analogs (CoFe-PBA) through oxygen plasma bombardment, effectively activating lattice oxygen reactivity while sustaining robust stability. Our spectroscopic and theoretical studies reveal that the Co-O-Fe bridged motifs enable a unique double-exchange interaction between Co and Fe atoms, promoting the formation of high-valent Co species as OER active centers while maintaining Fe in a low-valent state, preventing its dissolution. The resultant catalyst (CoFe-PBA-30) requires an overpotential of only 276 mV to achieve 1000 mA cm-2. Furthermore, the assembled alkaline exchange membrane electrolyzer using CoFe-PBA-30 as anode material achieves a high current density of 1 A cm-2 at 1.76 V and continuously operates for 250 hours with negligible degradation. This work provides significant insights for activating lattice oxygen redox without compromising structure stability in practical water electrolyzers.

Enhanced Deoxygenation of Solvents via an Improved Inert Gas Bubbling Method with a Ventilation Pathway.

We introduce an improved inert gas bubbling method for solvent deoxygenation, featuring a ventilation path alongside the inert gas inlet to enhance the efficiency and reproducibility. While essential for life, oxygen's reactivity can disrupt scientific and industrial processes by forming unwanted intermediates and deactivating catalysts, necessitating efficient deoxygenation methods. Traditional methods like freeze-pump-thaw (FPT) are effective but time-consuming, require stringent safety measures, and have potential limitations for use with aqueous and biological samples. Our enhanced inert gas bubbling method retains the simplicity and safety of conventional bubbling while achieving FPT-like deoxygenation efficiency, demonstrated by photoluminescence intensity and lifetime measurements in acetonitrile (ACN) and toluene (TOL). Simulations using a simplified kinetic model and the Stern-Volmer equation reveal that the added ventilation pathway reduces oxygen contamination in Ar gas bubbles, improving the deoxygenation efficiency. This method is widely applicable in academic and industrial fields, requiring consistent and efficient solvent deoxygenation.

High pressure-derived nonsymmetrical [Cu2O]2+ core for room-temperature methane hydroxylation.

Nonsymmetrical oxygen-bridged binuclear copper centers have been proposed and modeled as intermediates and transition states in several C─H oxidation pathways, leading to the postulation that structural dissymmetry enhances the reactivity of the bridging oxygen. However, experimentally characterizing the structure and reactivity of these transient species is remarkably challenging. Here, we report the high-pressure synthesis of a metastable nonsymmetrical dicopper-μ-oxo compound with exceptional reactivity toward the mono-oxygenation of aliphatic C─H bonds. The nonequivalent coordination environment of copper stabilizes localized mixed valency and greatly enhances the hydrogen atom abstraction activity of the bridging oxygen, enabling room-temperature hydroxylation of methane under pressure. These findings highlight the role of dissymmetry in the reactivity of binuclear copper centers and demonstrate precise control of molecular structures by mechanical means.

CO2 utilization and on-purpose ethylene production: a chemical looping approach

CO2-assisted ethane dehydrogenation (CO2-ODHE) is a promising carbon atom economy process for upgrading CO2 to CO in tandem with C2H6 to C2H4 conversion. Iron oxide-based materials are selective for on purpose ethylene production through CO2-ODHE. The feed admission mode was found to play an important role on catalytic performance. Alternating C2H6 (reduction step) and CO2 (oxidation step) feedstock to a fixed bed reactor (chemical looping concept, CO2-ODHE-CL) attained constant ethane and CO2 conversion per step at 600oC, equal to ~17.6%, while C2H4 selectivity during the reduction step was ~75%. The lattice oxygen mobility is a descriptor for the materials used during the CO2-ODHE-CL, since low mobility resulted in an increased C-H bond scission selectivity, i.e., C2H4 production, during the reduction step. Temperature programmed 18O2 isotope exchange experiments, along with temperature programmed H2 – reduction, were employed to exemplify the latter statement, investigating the lattice oxygen reactivity of the examined materials and the mechanism through which the lattice oxygen is reacting. X-ray techniques (X-ray Diffraction, X-ray Raman Scattering Spectrometry, X-ray Absorption Spectrometry) along with structural modeling demonstrated that the formation of a spinel like arrangement between Mg and Fe, stabilized lattice oxygen and thus minimized the undesired C-C bond scission during the C2H6 step of CO2-ODHE-CL.

Exploring Dry Reforming of CH4 to Syngas Using High Entropy Materials: A Novel Emerging Approach

The high global warming potential of natural gas methane necessitates its conversion to valuable products, typically achieved through syngas production, with dry reforming of methane and integrating carbon capture followed by dry reforming of methane standing out among different technologies for methane valorization. However, persistent challenges such as the reverse water gas shift reaction, coke formation, and sintering associated with methane dry reforming have redirected scientific focus toward multi‐metallic catalysts with supports or promoters. High entropy materials have gained attention as promising catalysts because their flexible composition allows fine‐tuning of lattice oxygen reactivity and catalytic activity. Entropy plays a key role in catalysis, and recent research focuses on the enthalpy‐entropy relationship that influences reaction pathways. Alongside entropy, core effects like lattice distortion, sluggish diffusion, and cocktail effects improve catalytic performance by synergistic effects, prevent carbon buildup, and maintain stability at high temperatures, enabling efficient methane conversion. These advancements in high entropy materials drive interest in using entropy‐stabilized systems to address the challenges of methane dry reforming. This review summarizes the recent progress in dry reforming of methane and integrating carbon capture followed by dry reforming of methane using high entropy materials.

Construction of La/Al2O3 nanorod-like catalyst with rich basic sites: Enabling efficient conversion of COS-superior selectivity and theoretical insights

The introduction of surface basic sites to COS hydrolysis catalysts can improve H2O activation and COS adsorption, leading to enhanced catalytic performance. However, maximizing the concentration of basic sites remains a challenge due to the limited exposed surface area of these catalysts. Herein, a La/Al2O3 catalyst with abundant alkaline sites to catalyze the hydrolysis of COS was prepared by a simple ammonia-assisted hydrothermal method. This synthesized La/Al2O3 catalyst exhibits a thin rod-like structure formed by the random accumulation of nanoparticles. Lanthanum, one of the most abundant rare earth metals, is an ideal doping aid to further promote the COS-catalyzed hydrolysis performance of Al2O3. Characterization studies show that the proper lanthanum loading effectively enhances the formation of basic sites, leading to improved lattice oxygen reactivity and –OH adsorption capacity. As a result, the prepared La-loaded Al2O3 nanorod sample with abundant basic sites exhibits nearly 100 % COS conversion and total H2S yield at 160 °C. In addition, the reaction pathways and deactivation mechanisms for selective catalytic hydrolysis of COS on the La-doped Al2O3 catalyst were revealed by using in situ DRIFTS to evaluate COS adsorption and hydrolysis. Density functional theory calculations showed that La loading enhances the electron transfer between the La and Al atoms, improves the formation of basic sites, and enhances the adsorption of –OH. This study provides new insights into the design of efficient alumina-based catalysts for the catalytic hydrolysis of COS.

The effect of supported metal Species on soot oxidation over PGM/CeO2-ZrO2

Abstract Herein is studied the soot oxidation over platinum group metal oxide/CeO2–ZrO2 (PGM/CZ) catalysts. The ability to capture gas-phase oxygen was in sequence of Ru/CZ > Rh/CZ > Ir/CZ > Pt/CZ > Pd/CZ. A soot oxidation test by TG-DTA showed that Ru/CZ, Rh/CZ, and Ir/CZ are highly active catalysts. It was found that there is a good correlation between the ability to capture gas-phase oxygen and soot oxidation activity. TEM observation revealed that soot oxidation mainly occurs at the interface between soot and CZ surfaces. The Ea values and soot oxidation test using labelled oxygen suggest that highly active catalysts oxidize soot by CZ lattice oxygen. For Ir/CZ, soot oxidation at 270 °C occurred due to the reduction by soot. Ru/CZ and Rh/CZ captured gas-phase oxygen spontaneously below 250 °C, resulting in soot oxidation at 270 °C. H2-TPR results suggest that the reactivity of lattice oxygen in the CZ surface, improved by PGM, is also related to soot oxidation activity. This suggests that the ability to capture gas-phase oxygen and the reactivity of lattice oxygen in the CZ surface determine the soot oxidation activity, and that Ru, Rh, and Ir have the effect of enhancing these properties.

Formation Characteristics of Pt-Ni Alloy Nanoparticles Fabricated by Nanolamination of Atomic Layer Deposition in Hydrogen.

Forced-flow atomic layer deposition nanolamination is employed to fabricate Pt-Ni nanoparticles on XC-72, with the compositions ranging from Pt94Ni6 to Pt67Ni33. Hydrogen is used as a co-reactant for depositing Pt and Ni. The growth rate of Pt is slower than that using oxygen reactant, and the growth exhibits preferred orientation along the (111) plane. Ni shows much slower growth rate than Pt, and it is only selectively deposited on Pt, not on the substrate. Higher ratios of Ni would hinder subsequent stacking of Pt atoms, resulting in lower overall growth rate and smaller particles (1.3-2.1nm). Alloying of Pt with Ni causes shifted lattice that leads to larger lattice parameter and d-spacing as Ni fraction increases. From the electronic state analysis, Pt 4f peaks are shifted to lower binding energies with increasing the Ni content, suggesting charge transfer from Ni to Pt. Schematic of the growth behavior is proposed. Most of the alloy nanoparticles exhibit higher electrochemical surface area and oxygen reduction reaction activity than those of commercial Pt. Especially, Pt83Ni17 and Pt87Ni13 show excellent mass activities of 0.76 and 0.59AmgPt -1, respectively, higher than the DOE target of 2025, 0.44AmgPt -1.

Oxygen-Based Autoregulation Indices Associated with Clinical Outcomes and Spreading Depolarization in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

Impairment in cerebral autoregulation has been proposed as a potentially targetable factor in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH); however, there are different continuous measures that can be used to calculate the state of autoregulation. In addition, it has previously been proposed that there may be an association of impaired autoregulation with the occurrence of spreading depolarization (SD) events. Study participants with invasive multimodal monitoring and aSAH were enrolled in an observational study. Autoregulation indices were prospectively calculated from this database as a 10s moving correlation coefficient between various cerebral blood flow (CBF) surrogates and mean arterial pressure (MAP). In study participants with subdural electrocorticography (ECoG) monitoring, SD was also scored. Associations between clinical outcomes using the modified Rankin scale and occurrence of either isolated or clustered SD were assessed. A total of 320 study participants were included, 47 of whom also had ECoG SD monitoring. As expected, baseline severity factors, such as modified Fisher scale score and World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies scale grade, were strongly associated with the clinical outcome. SD probability was related to blood pressure in a triphasic pattern, with a linear increase in probability below MAP of ~ 100 mm Hg. Multiple autoregulation indices were available for review based on moving correlations between mean arterial pressure (MAP) and various surrogates of cerebral blood flow (CBF). We calculated the pressure reactivity (PRx) using two different sources for intracranial pressure (ICP). We calculated the oxygen reactivity (ORx) using the partial pressure of brain tissue oxygen (PbtO2) from the Licox probe. We calculated the cerebral blood flow reactivity (CBFRx) using perfusion measurements from the Bowman perfusion probe. Finally, we calculated the cerebral oxygen saturation reactivity (OSRx) using regional cerebral oxygen saturation measured by near-infrared spectroscopy from the INVOS sensors. Only worse ORx and OSRx were associated with worse clinical outcomes. Both ORx and OSRx also were found to increase in the hour prior to SD for both sporadic and clustered SD. Impairment in autoregulation in aSAH is associated with worse clinical outcomes and occurrence of SD when using ORx and OSRx. Impaired autoregulation precedes SD occurrence. Targeting the optimal MAP or cerebral perfusion pressure in patients with aSAH should use ORx and/or OSRx as the input function rather than intracranial pressure.

Monitoring of Cerebral Blood Flow Autoregulation after Cardiac Arrest.

Background: Cardiac arrest remains one of the leading causes of death. After successful resuscitation of patients in cardiac arrest, post-cardiac arrest syndrome develops, part of it being an impaired cerebral blood flow autoregulation. Monitoring cerebral blood flow autoregulation after cardiac arrest is important for optimizing patient care and prognosticating patients' survival, yet remains a challenge. There are still gaps in clinical implications and everyday use. In this article, we present a systematic review of studies with different methods of monitoring cerebral blood flow autoregulation after non-traumatic cardiac arrest. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed from 1 June 2024 to 27 June 2024 by using multiple databases: PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Inclusion criteria were studies with an included description of the measurement of cerebral blood flow autoregulation in adult patients after non-traumatic cardiac arrest. Results: A total of 16 studies met inclusion criteria. Our data show that the most used methods in the reviewed studies were near-infrared spectroscopy and transcranial Doppler. The most used mathematical methods for calculating cerebral autoregulation were cerebral oximetry index, tissue oxygenation reactivity index, and mean flow index. Conclusions: The use of various monitoring and mathematical methods for calculating cerebral blood flow autoregulation poses a challenge for standardization, validation, and daily use in clinical practice. In the future studies, focus should be considered on clinical validation and transitioning autoregulation monitoring techniques to everyday clinical practice, which could improve the survival outcomes of patients after cardiac arrest.

Unveiling the Reactivity of Oxygen and Ozone on C2N Monolayer

Understanding the interaction of various environmental oxidizing agents is important in determining the physical and chemical properties of 2D materials. Its impact holds great significance for the practical application of these materials in nanoscale devices functioning under ambient conditions. This study delves into the influence of O2 and O3 exposure on the structural and electronic characteristics of the C2N monolayer, focusing on the kinetics of adsorption and dissociation reactions. Employing first‐principles density‐functional theory calculations alongside climbing image nudged elastic band calculations, it is observed that the monolayer exhibits resistance to ozonation, evidenced by energy barriers of 0.56 eV. These processes are accompanied by the formation of COC groups. Furthermore, the dissociation mechanism involves charge transfers from the monolayer to the molecules. Notably, the dissociated configurations demonstrate higher bandgaps compared to the pristine monolayer, attributed to robust CO hybridization. These findings suggest the robustness of C2N monolayers against oxygen/ozone exposures, ensuring stability for devices incorporating these materials.

Boosting the lattice oxygen reactivity of perovskite electrocatalyst via less Ru substitution

The successful deployment of efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts is highly essential for multiple clean-energy-related conversion technologies. Perovskite oxides, with compositional diversity and elemental complexity, are a classic kind of OER electrocatalysts, whereas their activity remains insufficient under the traditional adsorbate evolution mechanism (AEM) due to limited scaling relations. Herein, taking the Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-δ (BSCF) perovskite as a model system, we find a less Ru substitution strategy to boost the lattice oxygen reactivity for improved OER. The OER behavior of BSCF is greatly ameliorated as Ru doping reaches an optimal level (BSCFR0.1), delivering a lowered overpotential by 45 mV at 10 mA cm−2. Notably, such doping remarkably triggers the generation of more surface oxygen vacancies, promotes internal charge transfer, and enlarges the surface hydrophilicity, hence facilitating more lattice oxygen to participate in the surface reaction. These results demonstrate the feasibility of Ru incorporation for ameliorating the OER behavior of perovskites, and such strategy can be further leveraged to design other remarkable perovskite-based OER catalytic materials.

Performance of a perovskite-structured calcium manganite oxygen carrier produced from natural ores in a batch reactor and in operation of a chemical-looping combustion reactor system

The potential for low cost of CO2 capture using chemical-looping combustion (CLC) should not be compromised by costs associated with the oxygen carrier. This justifies studies of oxygen carrier materials with reasonable production costs. In this study, a perovskite calcium manganite (CaMnO3-δ), was synthesized from manganese ore and limestone through a straightforward process involving mixing with polyvinyl-alcohol, sintering, crushing and sieving. The calcium manganite produced exhibited two primary crystalline phases: CaMnO3 (perovskite) and CaMn2O4 (marokite). Experiments were conducted using both a batch fluidized-bed reactor and a 300 W CLC reactor system in continuous operation to assess the oxygen uncoupling and reactivity of the calcium manganite. The results show that the oxygen uncoupling ability increases with temperature. Full syngas conversion was achieved at relatively low temperatures and low fuel-reactor bed mass over fuel power ratio in the 300 W unit. Elevated temperatures and ratio of fuel-reactor bed mass over fuel power enhance methane conversion significantly. The attrition of the calcium manganite was low, around 0.1 wt%/h for the last 15 h operation with methane. Batch reactor tests of fresh and used materials showed that there was no reduction in reactivity after 29 h of fuel operation.

APPLICATION OF MANGANESE-BASED OXIDES AS OXYGEN CARRIERS IN CHEMICAL LOOPING PROCESSES: A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS

This article describes a general study of manganese-based oxygen carriers (OCs) in chemical looping (CL) processes between 2006 and 2023 through a careful bibliometric analysis. This was achieved through the selection of scientific articles and checking bibliometric parameters, highlighting the main challenges and the current state of this area of research. Using keywords, 426 documents were found on the Web of Science database and 65 of them were selected using the ProKnow-C method. Analysis of the main articles indicates that these materials have decreased friction rates and a low tendency to agglomerate in reactors with continuous fluidized beds. Furthermore, this study informs the possible optimization of the physicochemical properties of oxygen carriers, with emphasis on the oxygen transport capacity, reactivity, and friction rate. In addition, this research highlighted the great potential of synthetic manganese-based OCs for applications in CL processes.

Triphasic Oxygen Storage in Wet Nanoparticulate Polymer of Intrinsic Microporosity (PIM-1) on Platinum: An Electrochemical Investigation.

The triphasic interaction of gases with electrode surfaces immersed in aqueous electrolyte is crucial in electrochemical technologies (fuel cells, batteries, sensors). Some microporous materials modify this interaction locally via triphasic storage capacity for gases in aqueous environments linked to changes in apparent oxygen concentration and diffusivity (as well as activity and reactivity). Here, a nanoparticulate polymer of intrinsic microporosity (PIM-1) in aqueous electrolyte is shown to store oxygen gas and thereby enhance electrochemical signals for oxygen reduction in aqueous media. Oxygen reduction current transient data at platinum disk electrodes suggest that the reactivity of ambient oxygen in aqueous electrolyte (typically Doxygen = 2.8 × 10-9 m2 s-1; coxygen = 0.3 mM) is substantially modified (to approximately Dapp,oxygen = 1.6 (±0.3) × 10-12 m2 s-1; capp,oxygen = 50 (±5) mM) with important implications for triphasic electrode processes. The considerable apparent concentration of oxygen even for ambient oxygen levels is important. Potential applications in oxygen sensing, oxygen storage, oxygen catalysis, or applications associated with other types of gases are discussed.

Boosting Pt utilization via strategic Co Integration: Structural and mechanistic investigation of High-Performance Pt-Co alloy nanocatalysts for catalytic benzene combustion

Platinum (Pt)-based catalysts exhibit notable efficacy in reducing emissions of hazardous volatile organic compounds (VOCs), such as benzene. Nevertheless, the high cost and limited availability of Pt necessitate exploring reasonable strategies to optimize Pt utilization and enhance catalytic efficiency. Thus, pressing needs emerge to develop efficient Pt-based catalysts. This study investigates the catalytic combustion of benzene utilizing an antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO) supported platinum-cobalt (Pt-Co) alloy catalyst. The incorporation of cobalt into Pt nanoparticles leads to Co atoms occupying bulk sites in the Pt-Co alloy, elevating the surface exposure of Pt atoms and enriching Pt on the surface, thereby providing additional active sites for catalysis. Advanced characterization techniques provide critical insights into the morphology, size distribution, crystallinity and valence states of Pt upon strategic Co alloying. Pt-Co/ATO exhibits exceptional low-temperature activity, achieving 95 % benzene conversion at 170 °C, which is 30 °C lower than the 200 °C required for Pt/ATO. Pressure-dependent kinetic analysis reveals a Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism involving the co-adsorption of benzene and oxygen reactants on active Pt-Co alloy sites. This study contributes insights into tuning bimetallic alloy nanostructures to optimize noble metal utilization and catalytic performance for VOC abatement, establishing a foundation for advancing sustainable emissions control technology.