Reactive Hyperplastic Lesions Research Articles

An Audit of Histopathological Pattern of Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma - A Retrospective Study.

Peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) is a type of reactive hyperplastic lesion in the oral cavity that develops due to local irritation or chronic trauma, originating from the periosteum or periodontal membrane. It primarily affects the alveolar mucosa of the posterior mandibular region and has a peak incidence in the age range of the fourth to sixth decades of life, with a 2:1 female predilection. The aim of the study was to analyse the histopathological pattern of peripheral giant cell granuloma. This retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary care teaching hospital from 2018 to 2023 after obtaining the required institutional ethical board approval (SMC/UECM/2023/627/296). All the cases of maxillofacial lesions referred/reported to and which conformed to the set inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. Data were analysed by calculating the percentage of the variables. IBM SPSS version 20 software was used to analyse the descriptive data. Out of 12 patients, four were males and eight were females. The age ranged from 20 to 60 years with an average age of 40 years. All the patients included in the study showed multinucleated giant cells and inflammatory cells, 83.3% showed fibrous stroma and 50% showed para-keratinisation and haemosiderin pigments. PGCG, a reparative lesion, seems to occur mostly in the 40-60 years of life with female predilection and commonly seen histopathological features included multinuclear giant cells, inflammatory cells in all cases, 83.3% fibrous stroma and 50% both para-keratinisation and haemosiderin pigments.

Clinical Features of Reactive Hyperplastic Lesions of Oral Cavity: A Retrospective Study of 460 Cases from Iran

Clinical Features of Reactive Hyperplastic Lesions of Oral Cavity: A Retrospective Study of 460 Cases from Iran

The features of gastric epithelial reactive hyperplastic lesions under magnifying endoscopy combined with narrow-band imaging

Background and purpose Gastric reactive hyperplasia (RH) is a common benign lesion of the gastric mucosa that can be resolved by conservative treatment without endoscopic intervention. Some RH lesions are indistinguishable from low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN) lesions of gastric mucosa under endoscopy. The aim of this study was to investigate the morphological features of RH lesions under magnifying endoscopy combined with narrow-band imaging (ME-NBI). Methods A retrospective study of 653 patients with superficial suspicious lesions of gastric mucosa was performed. According to the pathological results of biopsies, the final included lesions were divided into the RH group (n = 88) and LGIN group (n = 138). We analysed the microvascular and microsurface patterns of these lesions under ME-NBI, extracted the most significant combination of endoscopic features of RH lesions, and evaluated their diagnostic performance. Results ME-NBI characteristics that could distinguish RH lesions from LGIN lesions after univariate analysis were included in multivariate logistic regression. The results showed that ten characteristics, including intervening part (IP) length homogeneity, type III gastric pit pattern and homogeneity of marginal crypt epithelium (MCE), were statistically significant. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that the triad of these features was the best combination for diagnosing RH lesions with an AUC of 0.886 (95% confidence interval; 0.842–0.929), the sensitivity of 85.5% and specificity of 79.5%. Conclusions The triad of IP length homogeneity, type III pit pattern and MCE homogeneity under ME-NBI helps endoscopists to identify gastric RH lesions, thereby avoiding unnecessary biopsy and repeat endoscopy due to misjudgment of neoplastic lesions.

INFLAMMATORY/REACTIVE HYPERPLASIA'S: A REVIEW

The reactive lesions are comparatively common in the oral cavity that dentist face during routine examination because of the frequency with which the tissues are injured. They frequently result from a well-known provocation or injury such as plaque, calculus, or foreign bodies. Diagnosis and development of a treatment plan is difficult if dentists are not aware of the prevalence and clinical symptoms of these lesions. The aim of this article was to review the clinical features of various reactive hyperplastic lesions of the oral cavity. The most commonly found lesions are irritational fibroma, pyogenic granuloma, epulis fissuratum, peripheral giant cell granuloma.

Aggressive pyogenic granuloma mimicking a malignant lesion: Case report and review.

A pyogenic granuloma is a reactive hyperplastic inflammatory lesion that arises as a result of various stimuli such as low-grade local irritation, trauma, hormones, and certain medications. In the oral cavity, it is a relatively common gingival soft tissue lesion, which originates as an expansile growth of the mucous membrane. It could exhibit aggressive behaviour mimicking that of malignant lesions with different presentations. This article aims to present the case of a patient who attended the dental clinic while complaining about a large and rapidly growing intraoral mass with aggressive behaviour, which had manifested as a fast-growing lesion causing rapid expansion of the buccal and palatal bone, bleeding, and alveolar bone destruction associated with mobile teeth. The article also aims to compare this case with current reported cases of aggressive pyogenic granuloma in the literature.

Gingival and alveolar mucosal reactive hyperplastic lesions: a retrospective clinical and histological study of 996 cases.

gingival/alveolar mucosal reactive hyperplastic lesions (GRHL), including fibrous hyperplasia (FH), pyogenic granuloma (PG), peripheral ossifying fibroma (POF) and peripheral giant cell lesion (PGCL), are a common group of oral diseases. The aim of the present study was to access the frequency and distribution of the clinical and histological features of these disorders in a Brazilian population. all specimens diagnosed as GRHL in three Oral Pathology laboratories were selected for the study. Clinical information was retrieved from the laboratory biopsy forms and hematoxylin and eosin stained histological slides were reviewed for analysis of the histological characteristics. final sample was composed of 996 specimens, including 463 FH (47%), 280 PG (28%), 183 POF (18%) and 70 PGCL (7%). Females were more affected by FH, PG, and POF, and most cases affected adults with mean ages ranging from 40 to 53 years. FH, PG, and POF were more common in the upper gingiva/alveolar mucosa. Most PG, POF and PGCL were pedunculated, in contrast with FH (p<0.001). PG, FH and POF were mostly red or normal mucosal in color, while PGCL were mostly red/purple (p<0.001). PGCL were larger, followed by POF, FH and PG (p<0.001). Some histological features were characteristically found in some conditions, but they were also encountered in other lesions with variable frequencies. Oral medicine specialists, oral pathologists and periodontists are usually the professionals in contact with patients presenting GRHL and it is of upmost relevance that they should be familiarized with their clinical and histological profile.

METASTATIC PROSTATIC ADENOCARCINOMA IN THE ORAL CAVITY: CASE REPORT

Metastasis to the oral cavity represents a challenging diagnosis, because it often clinically mimics reactive hyperplastic lesions and even primary malignancies. About 90% of cancer-related deaths are direct outcomes of metastatic disease. This study reports a clinical case of a 72-year-old male with a 3.5-cm asymptomatic nodule on the hard palate with unknown duration. The patient's medical records included a prostatic adenocarcinoma diagnosed 4 years before, treated with radiotherapy. No radiographic alterations were detected. Differential diagnosis included malignant tumors of salivary glands or metastasis from prostate cancer. An incisional biopsy was performed and the specimen was sent to histopathologic analysis. The final diagnosis was metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma. The patient did not return for his results and died 3 weeks later. Despite being considered a rare event, metastasis to the oral cavity must be included in the differential diagnosis, especially for patients with a history of cancer. Metastasis to the oral cavity represents a challenging diagnosis, because it often clinically mimics reactive hyperplastic lesions and even primary malignancies. About 90% of cancer-related deaths are direct outcomes of metastatic disease. This study reports a clinical case of a 72-year-old male with a 3.5-cm asymptomatic nodule on the hard palate with unknown duration. The patient's medical records included a prostatic adenocarcinoma diagnosed 4 years before, treated with radiotherapy. No radiographic alterations were detected. Differential diagnosis included malignant tumors of salivary glands or metastasis from prostate cancer. An incisional biopsy was performed and the specimen was sent to histopathologic analysis. The final diagnosis was metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma. The patient did not return for his results and died 3 weeks later. Despite being considered a rare event, metastasis to the oral cavity must be included in the differential diagnosis, especially for patients with a history of cancer.

Traumatic tongue fibroma treated with individualized homeopathic remedies: A case report with a brief literature review

Reactive hyperplastic lesions are commonly seen in the oral cavity as a result of chronic irritation by plaque, calculus, overhanging margins, trauma and dental appliances. Tongue fibroma represents a reactive focal fibrous hyperplasia due to recurrent trauma or local irritation. It can possibly occur at any age group from almost any soft tissue site, buccal mucosa tongue and gingival where, the buccal mucosa is more commonly involved. Over the past few years several studies have reported an increased burden of oral-exophytic lesions in different parts of the world. In this case, a patient complained of a swelling (12mm x 9mm) on the right side dorso-lateral aspect of his tongue, which bled frequently when he ate solid foods and/or was touched. Because the patient refused to undergo conventional treatment through surgery and a biopsy of the lesion, he chose homeopathy as an alternate therapy option. Relevant history taking and careful clinical examination led us to diagnose the lesion as traumatic tongue fibroma. The case was treated with homeopathic medications, Arnica Montana 200C, Acid Nitric 1000C and Sulphur 200C and a complete remission of the lesion was achieved. From the literature survey, we did not encounter any other record of homeopathic cure of tongue fibroma published in any peer-reviewed journal.

Peripheral giant cell granuloma: A case report

Peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) is a benign and reactive hyperplastic lesions, originating from the periosteum as a result of local irritation. It is the most common giant cell lesion of oral cavity and also called “giant cell epulis.” Because of its high growth potential, it is more invasive and may involve adjacent interdental cortical plate. In case of PGCG, diagnosis is based on histological analysis which precedes its management. Surgical excision should remove the lesion completely with its base for its rapid penetrating nature and to prevent recurrence. This paper reports a case of PGCG at the mandibular anterior region lingually with histological diagnosis and surgical management.

Gingival and alveolar ridge overgrowths: A histopathological evaluation from Saudi Arabia

BackgroundFocal tissue overgrowths on the gingiva and edentulous alveolar ridge are occasionally perplexing to periodontists, owing to the wide variety of differential diagnoses that may be responsible. As such, biopsy and microscopy are often required to establish a definitive diagnosis. The present study aimed to retrospectively evaluate focal gingival and alveolar ridge overgrowths at a single institution in Saudi Arabia. Materials and MethodsHistopathology reports and slides from patients presenting to King Saud University Hospital between 1984 and 2016, particularly those with focal gingival enlargements other than those due to gingivitis and periodontitis, were collected and analyzed based on age, sex, and location. ResultsA total of 624 patient records were evaluated, with a mean age of 35 years (range, 1 week–91 years), peak incidence in the third decade of life, male-to-female ratio of 1:1.4, and a slightly higher prevalence of lesions in the mandible. The majority (88%) of the lesions were reactive or hyperplastic, followed by malignant (10%) and benign (2%) tumors. A total of 24 distinct histological entities were diagnosed across the three groups. The most common histologically diagnosed lesions were pyogenic granulomas (38%), fibromas (33%), peripheral ossifying fibromas (9%), squamous cell carcinomas (7%), peripheral giant cell granulomas (6%), neurofibromas (1%), and non-Hodgkin lymphomas (1%). ConclusionSimilar to what has been reported by most previous studies, reactive hyperplastic lesions were the most prevalent focal overgrowths found in the gingival and alveolar mucosae. Carcinomas at these sites, however, may be an understated but significant clinical and epidemiological problem in Saudi Arabia. Gingival and alveolar ridge lumps can serve as a nexus for cooperation between periodontologists and oral pathologists to improve diagnosis, disease classification, and patient management.

An Unusual Presentation of Inflammatory Fibrous Hyperplasia: A Case Report with a Brief Literature Review

A mucosal lesion that arises due to long standing chronic irritation is called Epulis fissuratum. It is a benign reactive hyperplastic lesion that commonly develops in the mucosa close to the overextending flanges of the ill-fitting dentures. This paper presents a case of atypical presentation of epulis fissaratum in a 74-year-old woman with history of ill-fitting denture for the past four months. Total excision of such lesions is recommended because they cause problems such as pain and discomfort during mastication and speech.

Peripheral ossifying fibroma: A 20-year retrospective study with focus on clinical and morphological features.

Background Peripheral Ossifying Fibroma (POF) is a reactive hyperplastic lesion that exclusively occurs in the gingiva and is characterized by the deposition of dystrophic calcification, cementum-like tissue, and immature and mature bone within the connective tissue. The objective of the present study was to perform a retrospective analysis of clinicopathologic features of POF.Material and Methods Clinical and histopathological data were obtained from biopsy records and histopathological reports from a Brazilian reference service in Oral Pathology (1999 - 2020). Morphological analysis was performed to evaluate features related to the mesenchymal component, inflammatory infiltrate, ulceration, and mineralized tissue.Results A total of 270 POFs were diagnosed during the study period. A higher frequency was observed in females (71.9%) between the third (22.9%) and fourth (23.3%) decades of life. The anterior upper gingiva (29.1%) was the most affected region. Mature (86.7%) and immature (52.6%) bone tissue were the most frequent. There was a significant association between immature bone deposition and lesions with size ≤ 1.7 cm (p = 0.041); immature bone and cement-like tissue deposition with an evolution time ≤ 16 months (p < 0.001); deposition of immature bone and mesenchymal hypercellularization (p < 0.001); deposition of dystrophic calcification and the presence of ulceration (p < 0.001).Conclusions The clinical characteristics corroborate the findings in the literature. The heterogeneous distribution and quantity of mineralized tissues found in the analyzed cases support the theory that the different mineralized tissues constitute a spectrum of clinical maturation of POF. Key words:Gingiva, gingival diseases, gingival hyperplasia, oral pathology, diagnosis.

Histopathological Spectrum of Oral Mucosal Lesions in a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Neoplastic as well as non-neoplastic lesions commonly involve oral mucosa. It had been observed that benign lesions were more common than malignant ones. The present study was done to evaluate the pattern of distribution of various oral mucosal lesions in a tertiary care hospital. This retrospective cross-sectional study reviewed the archival records in the Department of Pathology, Gandaki Medical College, Nepal from January 2017 to December 2020. The records of patients with histopathologic diagnosis of oral mucosal lesions were obtained. The histopathological diagnosis, age, gender, and the site of involvement were collected using a prepared form. Descriptive statistics was applied using SPSS 20 software. Oral mucosal lesions included 3.7% (180 out of total 4895) of cases diagnosed histopathologically. The cases were common among females (101cases/56.1%). Most of the oral mucosal lesions were diagnosed in more than 45 years old patients (75cases/41.7%). The non-neoplastic oral lesions (106cases/58.9%) were the most common lesions followed by neoplastic oral lesions (52cases/28.9%). Among non-neoplastic oral lesions, reactive hyperplastic oral lesions were the most common (50cases/27.8%). Reactive hyperplastic oral lesions frequently affected gingiva (18cases/36%). Neoplastic lesions (Benign neoplasm: 12cases/44.4%; Malignant lesions; 10cases/40%) frequently affected the tongue. Oral lesions were mostly non-neoplastic and reactive hyperplasia being the most commonest presentation Keywords: Neoplastic; non-neoplastic; oral mucosal lesions; reactive.

An Insight into Pyogenic Granuloma with Ossification: Exploring a Unique Association

Pyogenic Granulomas (PG) are reactive hyperplastic lesions that are formed in relation to some chronic irritation, physical trauma or hormonal factors. The PG may present in various clinical and histological forms. These often present as a smooth lobulated exophytic lesions and at times may show a marked resemblance to Peripheral Ossifying Fibroma (POF). However, the characteristic histologic presentation helps in differentiating both the lesions. Microscopically, presence of ossification in pyogenic granuloma is not common and could possibly indicate an altered response of the connective tissue stroma. The present case report shows occurrence of pyogenic granuloma in a 12-year-old female which on histological examination not only exhibited proliferating blood vessels, endothelial cells and inflammatory cells which are typical features of pyogenic granuloma but also exhibited areas of ossifications which are not frequently encountered in PG. It is important to explore the underlying aetiological factors that could lead to formation of such ossifications. It has been suggested that pyogenic granuloma and peripheral ossifying fibroma could represent part of same spectrum of focal reactive lesions. However, it is still considered that these two lesions are separate clinical entities and the histologic presentations are different and unique to both of them.

Inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia in pediatric dentistry due to deleterious habit: case report

This paper reports the clinical case of a pediatric dentistry patient, presenting a correlation between non-nutritive suction and inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia. A 10-year-old female patient attended the Pediatric Dentistry Clinic of the Araçatuba Dental School-Brazil (FOA/UNESP) with her mother, who reported a "little ball under the upper lip" of the daughter, observed three months before, with gradual increase. The clinical examination revealed poor positioning of tooth 21 and a fibrous hyperplasia at 2 cm from the upper region of the respective tooth. A presumptive diagnosis of inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia was established. The proposed treatment was lesion excision, fabrication of a Hawley appliance for repositioning of tooth 21 and counseling on the need to cease the deleterious digital sucking habit. We conclude that elimination of the traumatic agent is fundamental for therapeutic success, in addition to surgical removal.Descriptors: Hyperplasia; Fingersucking; Habits.ReferencesEspinoza-Zapata M, Loza-Hernández G, Mondragón-Ballesteros R. Prevalence of buccal mucosa lesions in pediatric patients. Preliminary report. Cir Cir. 2006; 74(3):153-57.Cawson R, Eveson J. Oral pathology and diagnosis: Color atlas with integrated text. Phipadelphia, USA: Saunders, 1995;1-128.Rodriguez AF, Sacsaquispe SJ. Hyperplasia Fibrosa Inflamatória y posibles factores asociados em adultos mayores. Rev Estomatol Heridiana.2005;15(2):139-44.American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry. Management considerations for pediatric oral surgery and oral pathology. Pediatr Dent 2018;40(6):373-82.Neville B, Damm DD, Allen C, Chi A. Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, 4th ed. Elsevier; 2016.Góis EG, Ribeiro HC, Vale MP, Paiva SM, Serra-Negra JMC, Ramos-Jorge ML et al. Influence of nonnutritive sucking habits, breathing pattern and adenoid size on the development of malocclusion. Angle Orthod. 2008;78(4):647-54.Scarpelli BB, Berger SB, Punhagui MF, Oliveira CAZ, Ferelle A, Oltramari-Navarro PVP. Evaluation of a preventive educational program for malocclusions: 7-year study. Braz oral res. 2016;30(1):e119.Cavalvanti AL, Bezerra PKM, Moura C, Bezerra PM, Granville-Gracia AF. Relationship between malocclusion and deleterious oral habits in preschool children in Campina Grande, PB, Brazil. Stom Glass S. 2008;55:154-62.Montaldo L, Montaldo P, Cuccaro P, Caramico N, Minervini G. Effects of feeding on non-nutritive sucking habits and implications on occlusion in mixed dentition. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2011;21(1):68-73.Vasconcelos FMN, Massoni ACLT, Heimer MV, Ferreira AMB, Katz CRT, Rosenblatt A. Non-nutritive sucking habits, anterior open bite and associated factors in Brazilian children aged 30-59 months. Braz Dent J. 2011;22(2):140-45.Suhani RD, Suhani MF, Muntean A, Mesaros M, Badea ME. Deleterious oral habits in children with hearing impairment. Clujul Med. 2015;88(3):403-7.Bueno SB, Bittar TO, Vazquez FL, Meneghim MC, Pereira AC. Association of breastfeeding, pacifier use, breathing pattern and malocclusions in preschoolers. Dental Press J Orthod.2013;18(1):30e1-6.Gheno JN, Martins MAT, Munerato MC, Hugo FN, Sant'ana Filho M, Weissheimer C et al. Oral mucosal lesions and their association with sociodemographic, behavioral, and health status factors. Braz oral res. 2015;29(1):00289.Warren JJ, Bishara SE, Steinbock KL, Yonezu T, Nowak AJ. Effects of oral habit´s duration on dental characteristics in the primary dentition. J Am Dent Assoc. 2001;132(12):1685-93.Barros RMG, Campos KSM, Cabral LM. Relato de caso clínico de hiperplasia fibrosa inflamatória. Rev Odontol Araçatuba. 2014;35(2):15-18.Dutra KL, Longo L, Grando LJ, Riveiro ERC. Incidence of reactive hyperplastic lesions in the oral cavity: a 10 years’ retrospective study in Santa Catarina, Brazil. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2019; Braz j otorhinolaryngol. 2019;85(4):399-407.Palacios-Sánchez B, Cerero-Lapiedra R, Campo-Trapero J, Esparza-Gómez GC. Alteraciones gingivales no relacionadas con placa. RCOE. 2006;11(1):43-55.Coelho CM, Sousa YT, Daré AM. Denture-related oral mucosal lesions in a Brazilian school of dentistry. J Oral Rehabil. 2004;31(2):135-39.

GINGIVAL AND ALVEOLAR MUCOSAL OVERGROWTHS IN A UNIVERSITY BIOPSY SERVICE IN SAUDI ARABIA

Objectives Majority of the lesions of the gingiva and alveolar mucosa are inflammatory in origin and usually their management is under the domain of the periodontist. Focal tissue overgrowths in these sites are associated with a variety of lesions (wide clinical differential diagnoses) and often require biopsy and microscopy for definitive diagnosis. This study aimed to review the gingival and alveolar mucosal biopsies seen at the Oral Histopathology Laboratory, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia over a 33-year period. Histopathology records and slides of patients with focal gingival enlargement other than those due to gingivitis and periodontitis between 1984 and 2016 were retrieved and analyzed according to age, gender and location. Findings In all, 624 patients were found with a mean age of 35 years (range: 1 week – 91 years), peak incidence in the second to sixth decade (highest peak was third decade), male to female ratio of 1.4: 1, and a slightly higher prevalence in the mandible. Majority of the lesions comprised reactive/hyperplastic lesions (88% of all lesions) followed by malignant lesions (10%) and benign tumors constituting only 2% of total lesions. A total of 24 distinct histological entities encompassing all the three groups were diagnosed. The most frequent histologically diagnosed lesions were pyogenic granuloma (236 cases; 38% of all cases), fibroma (208 cases; 33%), peripheral ossifying fibroma (56 cases; 9%), squamous cell carcinoma (44 cases; 7%), peripheral giant cell granuloma (38 cases; 6%), and neurofibroma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (both 6 cases, 1%) respectively. Conclusion Like in most previous reports, reactive hyperplastic lesions are the most prevalent lesions seen as focal overgrowths in gingival and alveolar mucosa. Carcinoma at these sites may be an understated but clinically and epidemiologically significant problem in Saudi Arabia.

Reactive Hyperplastic Lesions of Oral Cavity: A Review of Literature

Reactive Hyperplastic Lesions of Oral Cavity: A Review of Literature

Incidence of reactive hyperplastic lesions in the oral cavity: a 10 year retrospective study in Santa Catarina, Brazil

IntroductionReactive hyperplastic lesions develop in response to a chronic injury simulating an exuberant tissue repair response. They represent some of the most common oral lesions including inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia, oral pyogenic granuloma, giant cell fibroma, peripheral ossifying fibroma, and peripheral giant cell lesions. ObjectiveThe incidence of those lesions was investigated in an oral pathology service, and the clinical characteristics, associated etiological factors, concordance between the clinical and histopathological diagnostic was determined. MethodsA total of 2400 patient records were screened from 2006 to 2016. Clinical features were recorded from biopsy reports and patients’ files. ResultsA total of 534 cases of reactive hyperplastic lesions were retrieved and retrospectively studied, representing 22.25% of all diagnoses. The most frequent lesion was inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia (72.09%), followed by oral pyogenic granuloma (11.79%), giant cell fibroma (7.30%), peripheral ossifying fibroma (5.24%), and peripheral giant cell lesions (3.55%). Females were predominantly affected (74.19%), the gingiva and alveolar ridge were the predominant anatomical site (32.89%), and chronic traumatism was presented as the main etiological factor. The age widely ranges from the 1st decade of life to the 7th. Clinically, the reactive hyperplastic lesions consisted of small lesions (0.5–2cm) and shared a strong likeness in color to the oral mucosa. The concordance between the clinical and histopathological diagnostic was high (82.5%). ConclusionReactive hyperplastic lesions had a high incidence among oral pathologies. The understanding of their clinical features helps to achieve a clearer clinical and etiological diagnosis, and the knowledge of factors related to their development. This may contribute to adequate treatment and positive prognosis.

Localized Reactive Hyperplastic Lesions of the gingiva:A clinico-pathological study of 636 lesions from Iraq

This study was conducted to establish the prevalence of different reactive hyperplastic lesions of the gingiva in a university-based dental school biopsy service.Biopsy records over a 12-years period (1982-1994) were retrieved from the files of the department of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad. The lesions were reclassified into: Fibrous lesions (like Focal Fibrous Hyperplasia FFH and Ossifying Fibrous Epulis OFE); vascular lesions (like Pyogenic granuloma) and Giant cell lesions (like Peripheral giant cell granuloma PGCG). The available clinical data regarding age, gender and location were obtained for each case.The majority of lesions were pyogenic granuloma which constituted 49.2% with female predilection. Peoples in the first and second decade of life were more prone to develop gingival lesions especially in upper anterior region.This study indicates some differences in age and gender distribution as well as in location between the different lesions.

Reactive hyperplastic lesions of the oral cavity: A retrospective survey study and literature review.

The reactive lesions are relatively common in the oral cavity because of the frequency with which the tissues are injured. They often result from a known stimulus or injury such as dental plaque, calculus, or foreign material. The aim of this study was to review the clinicopathologic features of reactive hyperplastic lesions (RHLs) of the oral cavity at MIDSR, Dental College and Hospital, Latur, Maharashtra, and to compare these data with those of previously reported studies. The patient case files from the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology from June 2010 to May 2016 were reviewed for cases of RHLs of the oral cavity. Both clinical and histopathological diagnosis of reactive lesions was selected for the study. Data including the type of the lesion, age, gender, and the site involved were collected. Descriptive statistics was applied to the data and differences in frequencies among groups were evaluated using SPSS (IBM Corporation) software. A total of 155 histologically diagnosed cases of RHLs were obtained with a prevalence of 11.7%. The data consist of 56 (36.1%) males and 99 (63.9%) females. The most common lesion clinically was traumatic fibroma (36.5%) and histologically fibrous hyperplasia (37.4%). The reactive lesions clinically presented as either sessile (51%) or pedunculated (49%) lesions. The clinical features of reactive hyperplasia among our patients were similar to those reported previously with divergence in some analyzed data. The novelty in our study was the correlation between histopathology and clinical features which were not reported in literature till date.