Reaction Of Copper Acetate Research Articles

Structural characterization, Hirshfeld surface analysis, optical properties, and DFT study of a new copper(II) complex

The reaction of copper acetate and 4,4′-dimethoxy-2,2′-bipyridyl in ethanol afforded a novel complex, 4,4′-dimethoxy-2,2′-bipyridyl Cu(II) acetate disolvate, whose structure was determined unambiguously by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SC-XRD) analysis. The complex was found to crystallize with a space group of P21/n and in the monoclinic system. The crystal structure shows molecular tapes arising from strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding and two molecules of water within the crystal lattice. The intermolecular interactions were studied using Hirshfeld surface analysis and the role of water molecules in stabilizing the crystal packing was explored. BFDH and attachment energy (AE) models were used in the prediction of the crystal morphology of the complex. The results of these computational studies revealed that the (10−1) face can be preserved with the most facet area due to its exceptionally slow crystal growth rate and minimal attachment energy. The DFT study of the complex shows that the complex is a direct semiconductor with an optical band gap energy of 1.8 eV. The study of the optical properties of the complex shows that it can be used in the solar cell device where the best absorption of about 6 × 104 cm−1 was shown along [001] direction with a reflectivity that does not exceed 13% along the same direction.

Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of a Dinuclear Cu(II) Coordination Polymer Based on Quinoxaline and 3,3-Thiodipropionic Acid Ligands

The coordination polymer [Cu2(TDPH)4(QNX)].DMF, (QNX = Quinoxaline; TDPH = 3,3-thiodipropionic acid), has been prepared by reaction of copper acetate, TDPH, and quinoxaline. The compound was characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR spectroscopy, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal is monoclinic with a P21/n space group and dimensions of a = 12.889(3) Å, b = 14.983(4) Å, c = 14.091(3) Å, α = 90°, β = 90.200(11)°, γ = 90°, V = 2721.18 (2) Å3, Z = 4. The ligands are hexagonally coordinated to the Cu(II) centre in the form of Cu2O4N with one nitrogen atom from the quinoxaline ligand, and four oxygen atoms from four TDPH molecules in a monodentate fashion. The Cu–Cu bond length was 2.642(1) and 2.629(1) Å for the Cu1–Cu1 and Cu2–Cu2 bonds. The QNX ligand bridged the two copper atoms. The catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol using NaBH4 in the presence of [Cu2(TDPH)4(QNX)].DMF, as catalyst was completed within 11 min. The 4-aminophenol product was confirmed using 1H NMR spectroscopy.

Synthesis, characterization and antibacterial studies of copper sulphide nanoparticles by chemical precipation methodSynthesis, characterization and antibacterial studies of copper sulphide nanoparticles by chemical precipation method

In this present study the non toxic CuS nanoparticles was synthesized by the reaction of copper acetate, thiourea along with the precipitating agent NaoH under chemical precipitation method. The final product CuS nanomaterial was dried at room temperature for better growth of nanoparticles. The size and growth of the crystal depends on the temperature also on the addition of reagent. The resultant nanocrystal were characterized using various techniques like X ray diffraction reveals the particle size, Scanning electron microscope determines the morphology of crystal, Energy dispersive X ray spectroscopy investigate the elemental composition of nanoparticles, U-Visible spectroscopy examine the presence of metallic ion, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy inspect the existence of functional group. The antibacterial activity of hexagonal structured copper sulphide nanomaterials against gram positive and gram negative bacteria were also analyzed for their wide applications.

Reactions of PhenCuX2 (X = OOCMe, O3SCF3) with 3,5-Dimethylpyrazole: Effect of the Anion Nature on the Composition and Structure of the Complexes

The reaction of aqueous copper(II) acetate with phenanthroline (Phen) gave the complex PhenCu(OOCMe)2 ∙ 2MeCN (I), which was converted to the single crystals of the monomer PhenCu(OOCMe)2 ∙ 1.5CH2Cl2 (II) upon recrystallization of dichloromethane. Recrystallization of I from wet benzene gave the single crystals of PhenCu(OOCMe)2(OH2) ∙ 0.5 C6H6 ∙ 0.5MeCN (III) containing a coordinated water molecule. The reaction of I with 3.5 dimethylpyrazole (HDmpz) (1 : 2) resulted in the synthesis of PhenCu(OOCMe)2HDmpz ∙ 0.5H2O ∙ 0.5CH2Cl2 (IV) in which the pyrazole molecule occupied the same coordination site as the water molecule in III. The reaction of I with trifluoromethanesulfonic acid yielded PhenCu(OH2)(NCMe)(Otf)2 (V), which was also prepared by the reaction of copper acetate with HOtf followed by the addition of 1 mole of Phen ∙ H2O. Monomer V reacted with 2 moles of HDmpz to be converted to PhenCu(HDmpz)2(Otf)2 (VI). Compounds I–VI were characterized by elemental analysis data, IR spectra, and X-ray diffraction (CCDC nos. 1948544 (I), 1948541 (II), 1987813 (III), 1948542 (IV), 1948540 (V), 1948543 (VI)). The geometry of complexes and the effect of solvent used for the reactions and crystallization on the molecular packing in the crystals were considered on the basis of X-ray diffraction data.

Peanut shell as a green biomolecule support for anchoring Cu2O: a biocatalyst for green synthesis of 1,2,3-triazoles under ultrasonic irradiation

Cu2O supported on peanut shell (Cu2O@PS) was prepared by the reaction of copper acetate and peanut shell powder as a naturally available biopolymer support. The prepared catalyst was used as an efficient and reusable heterogeneous catalyst in the click reaction of benzyl halide or phenacyl bromides, acetylenes and sodium azide for the synthesis of potentially biologically active 1,2,3-triazoles under ultrasonic irradiation in EtOH-H2O as green solvent.

Influence of synthesis parameters on the physical properties of Cu3Se2 nanostructures using the sonochemical method

Abstract Copper selenide (Cu3Se2) nanostructures were grown by reaction of copper acetate and sodium selenide in a solvent of distilled water and ethanol at a temperature of 80 °C using the sonochemical method. In this study, the change of molarity, time, and power of ultrasonication waves was investigated on the physical properties of Cu3Se2 nanostructures. Cu3Se2 nanostructures were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), photoluminescence (PL), and UV–Vis spectroscopies. In this study the optimized conditions were selected as 30 min, 200 W, 1:2 for time, ultrasonic power, and molar ratio of Cu:Se, respectively. The XRD patterns and EDX results represent the formation of tetragonal Cu3Se2 phase and the presence of Cu and Se elements in the samples. FESEM images showed nanostructures in the form of spherical agglomerated particles. The results of the PL showed the effect of time, power, and molarity parameters on the appearance of different emission peaks. In all samples, the relative absorption ratio corresponded to the energy band gap such that with the increase in the time and power of ultrasound and the relative change in molarity, the relative absorption, and energy band gap were changed.

A [Cu3] Cluster-Based Chain Featuring Linkages of Acylhydrazone N–N Single Bonds and Cl− Ions: Synthesis, Structure and Magnetic Properties

A Cu coordiantion polymer, namely, [Cu3(ovph)(Py)2Cl2] (1) [H4ovph = N,N′-bis(o-vanillidene)pyridine-2,6-dicarbohydrazide]; Py = Pyridine], was synthesized by solvothermal reaction of copper acetate and diacylhydrazone ligand H4ovhp. It was characterized by element analysis, FT-IR, thermogravimetric analysis, PXRD and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Structural analysis indicated that the N–N bonds of its ovph4− ligands bridge the Cu2+ ions to form quasi-linear [Cu3] cluster-based units, which were further linked together by in situ generated µ-Cl−, giving rise to a rare Cu chain structure containing two kinds of magnetic exchange pathways. Variable temperature magnetic measurements revealed that both N–N and Cl− bridges convey antiferromagnetic couplings, with the best fitting JN–N = − 99.95 cm−1, JCl = − 5.70 cm−1, zj = − 1.17 cm−1 and g = 2.00.

Synthesis, Crystal Structures, and Characterization of Three Novel Copper Complexes Based on N-acylsalicylhydrazone and Different Secondary Ligands

The reactions of copper acetate and (2-hydroxybenzylidene)-2-phenylacetohydrazide (L1) and/or (2-chlorophenoxy)-N’-(2-hydroxybenzylidene) acetohydrazide (L2) in the presence of different secondary ligands, piperazine (pipe), pyridine (Py), and urotropine (Ur), in the solution of methanol and dimethyl formamide (V:V = 10:2) yielded three novel copper complexes, formulated as [CuL1]2(pipe)·2DMF 1, [Cu(Py)(L2)]2 2, and [Cu(L2)](Ur)·DMF 3, respectively. These three compounds have been characterized structurally using single-crystal diffraction. In 1, the copper complexes are bridged by pipe ligands to result in dimers. The pipe ligand serves as a μ2 bridge. In 2, two square-pyramids Cu(N2O3) polyhedrons share a common edge to form a dinuclear compound. In 3, the copper complexes are linked by Ur ligands to result in the formation of chain structure. The three compound exhibit similar luminescence at λmax = 440, 460, and 680 nm upon excitation at 354 nm, respectively.

New heterocyclic metallomesogens: synthesis, mesomorphic and thermal behaviours of Cu(II) complexes with 1,2,3-triazole-based Schiff bases ligands

Two series of new Cu(II) complexes derived from the reaction of copper acetate with the non-linear 1,2,3-triazole-based Schiff bases have successfully been synthesised. The structures of the ligands and its complexes were elucidated by elemental analysis, FT-IR, 1H-NMR and UV–visible spectroscopic techniques. The differential scanning calorimetry and polarizing optical microscopy supported the anisotropic properties of uncoordinated ligands in which the focal conic fan-shaped texture and/or broken fan-shaped texture characteristics of respective SmA and SmC phases were recorded. However, not all of their corresponding Cu(II) complexes are mesogenic. Although the iodo-substituted ligands with even parity C10H29 to C14H33 are non-stable and exhibit SmA phase which is not reproducible, the ultimate Cu(II) complexes show exclusively stable SmA phase. This observation can be ascribed to the enhanced colinearity and molecular anisotropic by the presence of Cu-N and Cu-O coordination modes. On the other hand, the comparison studies show that different positions of ortho-hydroxyl group affect the mesomorphic and thermal behaviour of ligands and Cu(II) complexes.

Coordination diversity of copper(II) phosphoryl-functionalized salicylaldiminates: Effect of the length of the pendant phosphoryl arm

The reaction of copper acetate with phosphoryl-substituted salicylaldimines 2a,b and template assembling of the imines on different sources of the copper(II) ion have been studied. The length of the pendant phosphoryl arm and reaction conditions were found to strongly affect the reaction course, selectively resulting in four- (3), five- (4, 6), or six-coordinate (5) Cu(II) complexes. In the case of the derivatives with the elongated phosphoryl arm, the product structure is dictated by the nature of a solvent system used for recrystallization. In the case of the derivatives with the PO group directly attached to the central benzene ring, the reaction result depends on the nature of the reagents. An unusual example of a mixed aldehydate–iminate complex (compound 6) has been detected that can be used to obtain unsymmetrical bis(iminate) complexes (e.g., compound 7). The structures of all the complexes obtained were unambiguously confirmed based on the IR spectral data as well as single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction.

Dicopper moieties stabilized by Fréchet-type dendrons: Syntheses and structural characterizations

Five paddlewheel-shaped dicopper molecules, 1, 2a, 2b, 3 and 4, were synthesized from the reaction of copper acetate and different generations of Fréchet-type dendrons (HG1–HG4). All compounds showed diagnostic bands in their FTIR spectra for the coordinated carboxylate groups with separations of COasym and COsym lower than 200cm−1 suggesting the formation of dimers. A broad absorbance band centered at 700, 695, 695 and 693nm was observed for compounds 1–4 respectively, which is ascribed to the d–d charge-transfer in Cu(II) complexes. A LMCT absorption was observed near 304, 290, 298 and 294nm for compounds 1–4 respectively. Magnetic susceptibility measurements for 1, 2a and 3 at 1.53, 1.53 and 1.7 respectively in the solid state at 293K are also suggestive of a dimeric arrangement. The structures of HG2, 1, 2a, and 2b were characterized unambiguously with single crystal X-ray diffraction. Three molecules constituted the asymmetric unit of HG2 in the monoclinic space group P21/n and resulted in dimers formed via intermolecular carboxylic acid-type hydrogen bonds. Compounds 1, 2a, and 2b contain centrosymmetric paddlewheel-shaped dinuclear copper molecules bridged by four carboxylate groups in syn, syn arrangements. The copper centers in compounds 1, 2a, and 2b are all coordinated by four carboxylate O atoms in a square pyramidal geometry and the ligands on the apical positions are disordered and occupied by either water, THF, pyridine or methanol molecules. In 1, all the hydroxyl O atoms are involved in hydrogen bonding, which results in the formation of a 3D network. π–π stacking interactions involving phenyl rings were observed in the crystal structures of HG2, 2a and 2b.

Solvent-induced two Cu(II) complexes with 4-acyl pyrazolone derivative: From discrete structure to 1D helical chain

Two new copper(II) complexes [Cu2L2(CH3OH)]·CH3OH (1) and [CuL]n (2) (H2L=N-(1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzal-pyrazolone-5)-salicylidene hydrazide) with different structures have been synthesized by the reactions of copper acetate with the 4-acyl pyrazolone derivative H2L in MeOH or EtOH solvent, respectively. The X-ray diffraction analyses revealed that 1 displays a dinuclear structure which is further linked by weak coordination interactions and hydrogen bonds to generate an infinite 1D chain. Complex 2 exhibits 1D left-handed and right-handed helical chains structure in a 1:1 ratio along the c axis, and the 1D chains with the same handedness were linked by hydrogen bonds to form a racemic two-fold interpenetrated 3D framework. The results demonstrated that the solvents with different coordination abilities have significant effect on the structure of the complexes. On the other hand, the ligands H2L adopt tridentate chelating mode and tetradentate chelating-bridging mode to coordinate with Cu(II) ions in 1 and 2, which attested that the flexible 4-acyl pyrazolone Schiff base derivative can adopt different coordination modes to form complexes with varied structures. The variable temperature magnetic investigation indicates that 2 exhibits typical antiferromagnetic behavior.

Catena-Poly[bis(μ3-2-phenylacetato-κ3O,O′:O)bis(μ2-2-phenylacetato-κ2O:O′)dicopper(II)(Cu—Cu)

The title polymeric compound, [Cu2(C8H7O2)4]n, was synthesized by the reaction of copper acetate with aqueous phenyl­acetic acid. The unique CuII atom is coordinated by five O atoms from the carboxyl­ate groups of phenyl­acetate ligands, and the strongly distorted octa­hedral coordination environment is completed by a Cu—Cu bond of 2.581 (2) Å, at whose mid-point is located an inversion centre. The crystal structure consists of infinite polymeric linear chains of Cu2+ ions, running along [100], linked by bridging phenyl­acetate groups.

Homochiral three-dimensional coordination polymer consisting of one-dimensional copper chain: Synthesis, structure and magnetic property

Abstract Novel chiral coordination polymers, l-1 and d-1, with the formula [Cu4(OOCCH(OH)CH2COO)2] were synthesized through a reaction of copper acetate with l-malic acid and d-malic acid, respectively, in the presence of base under solvothermal condition. The X-ray crystallography for l-1 revealed that the copper centers of the complex were alternatively linked by a bis(oxygen) bridge and mixed bridge composing of oxygen and 1,3-carboxylate to construct a one-dimensional (1D) chain structure. These 1D chains interdigitated with each other to give a 3D polymer structure as a result of the coordination interaction linking the neighboring 1-D chain. The magnetic property was studied to show strong antiferromagnetic coupling (J/k = − 596 K) within the chain and negligible one between the one-dimensional chain.

Non-Centrosymmetric Coordination Polymer with a Highly Hindered Octahedral Copper Center Bridged by Mandelate

A novel chiral coordination polymer, [Cu(C(6)H(5)CH(OH)COO)(μ-C(6)H(5)CH(OH)COO)] (1-L and 1-D), was synthesized through a reaction of copper acetate with L-mandelic acid at room temperature. Although previously reported copper mandelate prepared by hydrothermal reaction was a centrosymmetric coordination polymer because of the racemization of mandelic acid, the current coordination polymer shows noncentrosymmetry and a completely different structure from that previously reported. The X-ray crystallography for 1-L revealed that the copper center of the compound showed a highly distorted octahedral structure bridged by a chiral mandelate ligand in the unusual coordination mode to construct a one-dimensional (1D) zigzag chain structure. These 1D chains interdigitated each other to give a layered structure as a result of the formation of multiple aromatic interactions and hydrogen bonds between hydroxyl and carboxylate moieties at mandelate ligands. The coordination polymer 1-L belongs to the noncentrosymmetric space group of C2 to show piezoelectric properties and second harmonic generation (SHG) activity.

One-step process for the fabrication of superhydrophobic surfaces with easy repairability

A simple technique for fabrication of superhydrophobic surfaces was developed by spraying copper stearate suspension on various substrates. The copper stearate suspension is prepared by the reaction of copper acetate and stearic acid in ethanol solution. The as-prepared surfaces exhibit both superhydrophobicity and self-cleaning properties. When the superhydrophobic surfaces were destroyed, the damaged surfaces could be easily repaired by spraying the copper stearate suspension on the wrecked surfaces again, and the superhydrophobicity of the surfaces was regenerated at the same time.

Copper phosphates and phosphinates with pyridine/pyrazole alcohol co-ligands: Synthesis and structure

Copper phosphates, [Cu(dtbp) 2(pzet) 2]·H 2O ( 1) and [Cu(dtbp) 2(pyme) 2] ( 2), as well as copper phosphinate, [Cu(dppi) 2(pyet) 2] ( 3) have been synthesized by the reaction of copper acetate with di- tert-butyl phosphate (dtbp) or diphenyl phosphinate (dppi) in the presence of pyridine base having hydroxyl group, namely, 3,5-dimethylpyrazole-2-ethanol (pzet) or 2-(hydroxymethyl)pyridine (pyme) or 2-(2-hydroxyethyl)pyridine (pyet). Single crystal X-ray diffraction studies reveal that copper ion in all the three complexes is bonded to two phosphoryl ions (P(O)O −) and two pyridine co-ligands. The crystal structure of 1 reveals that the hydroxyl group of the CH 2CH 2OH moiety of pzet ligand exhibits a positional disorder between the non-bonding position and the bonding position with respect to the central copper ion along the Jahn–Teller axis. Hence, the structure of 1 can be considered to exhibit both ‘square-planar’ and ‘octahedral’ coordination geometries simultaneously for the copper ion in the same complex. A similar situation for the –OH groups has not been observed in the complexes 2 and 3 and hence the coordination geometry around the copper ion is axially elongated octahedron.

An unexpected carboxylato-bridged-only hexanuclear copper compound

The reaction of copper acetate with 3,4,5-tri(ethoxy)benzoic acid leads to the formation of dodecakis((μ-(3,4,5-tri(ethoxy))benzoato-κ2O:O′)-hexa(copper(II)), [Cu6(O2CC6H2(OCH2CH3)3)12]. The new compound crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group P1¯ with Z=2, solvated by disordered cyclohexane molecules. The Cu(II) ions are placed in O5 pentacoordinated environments provided by four carboxylate oxygen atoms in a pseudo square planar arrangement and a fifth oxygen atom that belongs to a more distant carboxylate group in the axial position. The Cu(II) centers occupy the corners of a trigonal antiprism. A carboxylato network links each copper center with other four, providing potential paths for exchange coupling between the Cu(II) centers. Variable temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements show a maximum at 8K. An analysis based on the spin-Hamiltonian formalism and DFT-based broken symmetry computations provides insight into the magnetic exchange interactions between the metal centers.

Synthesis of copper oxalate in ether–water bilayer refluxing system and their conversion to copper oxide nanowires

Copper oxalate nanowires with a mean diameter of 100 nm and a length of 10 µm were synthesized via the reaction of copper acetate and dimethyl oxalate in ether–water bilayer refluxing system. The volume ratio of ether to water and the concentration of copper acetate were used to examine the effects on forming copper oxalate nanowires. Copper oxalate nanowires were obtained only in the case of the greater volume ratio of ether to water and the lower concentration of copper acetate. Copper oxalate nanowires with a dense structure (enclosed by a smooth surface) can be further transformed into highly porous copper oxide nanowires by the decomposition of copper oxalate nanowires at 350 °C.

Syntheses and structures of copper complexes of tetradentate enaminones derived from condensation of benzoylacetone and ferrocenoylacetone with 1,2- bis (2-aminophenoxy)ethane

Reaction of 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane with benzoylacetone and ferrocenoylacetone yields tetradentate enaminones H2L1 and H2L2, respectively. Reaction of copper acetate with two enaminones affords the corresponding complexes 1 and 2, which are formulated as [L1Cu] and [L2Cu], respectively. The structures of H2L1, H2L2 and 1 have been determined by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. Enaminone H2L1 crystallizes with Z = 4 in space group C2/c, the molecule of which lies on a C 2 axis. Enaminone H2L2 crystallizes with Z = 2 in space group P21/c, the molecule of which possesses a symmetric center. For complex 1, which crystallizes in space group P 1, H2L1 is a bianionic tetradentate donor via two carbonyl oxygens and two deprotonated enamine nitrogens; the coordination geometry of copper(II) is a distorted tetrahedron.