RCC Building Research Articles

Progressive Collapse Analysis of G+10 RCC Building

This study important of the progressive collapse that final damage of the structure is not similar as the initial collapse of structure. The key parameters used story displacement in eleven-storey building of regular shape that has modelled and analyzed by the ETABS 2018 software by using the Indian standard codes. Then for the calculation of progressive collapse we use U.S General Service Administration (GSA 2016) guidelines. The demand capacity ratio (DCR) values of the neighboring member are taken into account after the damage the DCR values for regular structure must be with in (2). In this study the progressive collapse is considered in three different cases that is at corner, interior and at exterior columns.

Structural Failure Prediction of RCC Structure Under Earthquake Using Machine Learning

Earthquake is a most dangerous and catastrophic disaster in the world. It is essential to introduce earthquake resistance features in construction. An earthquake -prone region must deal with the more challenging problem of earthquakes. And there is no more hundred percent earthquake proof building. The best way to avoid the building damages is to learn from the failures that can occur during a seismic event. This paper presents the failure prediction of RCC building using k-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) algorithm which can be tuned to gives up to 90% accuracy of result. A past- earthquake assessment of building data is used to train and create a model for this project to predict the necessary pattern for a future construction project. Thereby, can be predicted whether the proposed building will be collapsed or facing a minimum damage. Key Words: Earthquake Assessment, Machine Learning, Python, K-Neighbour Algorithm, RCC Building, Failure Prediction, Site issues, Soil and Foundation Condition

Seismic Effect of RCC Building Control by Viscous Damper

Seismic Effect of RCC Building Control by Viscous Damper

Analysis and Design of Steel Building and its Comparative Study with Conventional RCC Building

Analysis and Design of Steel Building and its Comparative Study with Conventional RCC Building

Seismic Performance Evaluation of RCC Building Resting on Slopping Land

Seismic Performance Evaluation of RCC Building Resting on Slopping Land

Energy efficient and sustainable design of a multi-story building based on embodied energy and cost

Sustainable multi-story building designs are gaining increasing attention in light of the green development of the building industry. Recently, many studies have been conducted to determine the optimized embodied energy considering size of structural members and materials strength using a single objective function. In this context, the current study adopted a multi-objective function based on cost and Embodied Energy (EE) for the sustainable design of the entire multi-story building. A BuildingEnergy computer program is used to assess the energy consumption performance of a multi-story reinforcement cement concrete building. Based on the proposed method, an analysis is carried out to compare the optimal solutions for multi-story building. Furthermore, a detailed parametric study was conducted to explore the main factors for energy-efficient column and beam design. The results revealed that with a comparison of the most “carbon-friendly” and “cost-friendly” solutions, an added cost of 6–7% can contribute up to a 13% emission reduction. The sectional dimensions, steel rebar, concrete strengths, cost ratio, building height, and eccentricity remarkably influence sustainable design, cost optimization, and minimum carbon emission. Overall, this study could help to define cost-effective and energy-efficient structural members. Eventually, the EE is confirmed to be a feasible parameter for designing more sustainable multi-story RCC buildings.

Analysis of Multistorey RCC Building with Differents Types of Bracing by using STAAD Pro.

The primary objective of this research is to evaluate structural stability using appropriate techniques, including standard configurations and the correct cross-sections for columns and beams. This involves developing preferred requirements for various support conditions, load types, and load combinations. It is noted that many buildings in India have been damaged or demolished by earthquakes, resulting in the loss of precious lives. The ability of structures to withstand major earthquakes is significantly improved by understanding how buildings respond to seismic activity and leveraging the expertise of engineers. This study examines the effects of different bracing systems (X- bracing bracing, inverted v bracing, k bracing) on the seismic performance of a building located in seismic Zone IV in India using STAAD Pro software. The analysis reveals that all bracing systems significantly control the lateral displacement of the frame. Designing an earthquake-resistant structure presents numerous challenges, especially in earthquake-prone areas. This research highlights the critical role of bracing systems in improving the seismic resilience of high-rise buildings in India.

Assessment of natural radioactivity in the RCC building materials used in the valley region of Manipur, India.

An assessment of radioactivity concentration of reinforced cement concrete types of house was conducted in the valley region of Manipur, India. The average radioactivity concentration of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K of portland cements are 39 (range: 32-52) Bqkg-1, 36 (range: 22-62) Bqkg-1, and 1812 (1254-2424) Bqkg-1; for concrete are 36 (range: 26-45) Bqkg-1, 65 (range: 45-86) Bqkg-1, and 660 (639-681) Bqkg-1; for sand are 45 (30-61) Bqkg-1, 114 (range: 55-212) Bqkg-1, and 1859 (range: 1413-2232) Bqkg-1; and for bricks are 30 (range: 24-37) Bqkg-1, 148 (range:79-184) Bqkg-1, and 1444 (range: 1093-2103) Bqkg-1, respectively. The annual effective dose was observed with an average value of 1.9 (range: 0.9-3.3) mSvy-1. However, gamma index was observed with an average value of 1.1 (range: 0.5-2.0).

Study and Analysis of Steel, RCC, and Composite Structure Comparison

In India, plain concrete is a common building material, especially for medium- and low-rise buildings. Even while steel is still widely used in high-rise structures and composite construction is less frequent, it's possible that composite construction could prove more beneficial in these projects. Reinforced concrete is often used in construction projects. Steel beams are put into concrete to make reinforced concrete, an efficient composite material. The distinguishing feature of composite construction is the secure joining and bending of two load-bearing structural elements into a single piece. When compared to RCC most steel frames, composite constructions are considered to be some of the least expensive and transient building materials. The main component of a composite construction is an I-section column embedded or encased in building materials, or a tube of steel filled with steel and concrete. Composed of cold steel plates plus mortar, Part I consists of a beam plus a plate for the deck. The beams are connected to the top slab using fire-resistant and robust shear connections. Keywords— Steel Concrete Composite Building, RCC building, Seismic Analysis etc.

Comparison of Asymmetric and Symmetric RCC Building with Soil Structure Interaction by Dynamic Loading

Multi story building are very much common in the urban area nowadays due to scarcity of land and increase in the cost of land. Most of the structure are not in regular either in shape and mass distribution. But the performance of structure will not be good as regular symmetric type structure. A plan asymmetric having L shaped normally exhibits a complex response under dynamic loads. In this research work, effect of change of height and change of number of bays are studied separately with soil structure interaction. In recent years, due to demand in aesthetical view and architectural design, people want unique in building so the building are designed with irregularities. Using software is used for modelling and studying the various parameter such as displacement, time period, frequency and acceleration

Economic Study of Strengthening of Existing RCC Building

Many structures fail or deteriorate before completion of its intended life span due to poor quality of material used, lack of mix design, poor workmanship, attacked by environmental agencies, etc. Sometimes due to slenderness of column or less reinforcement provided than actual requirements, less depth/thickness provided in flexural members, etc. feels excessive vibration during walking on floor ultimately develops cracks. Strength of such structural elements can be found by using non-destructive tests like Rebound hammer test, ultrasonic pulse velocity test, etc. If strength of existing structural elements is less than desired strength then structural consultant suggested strengthening of structural elements. There are various methods used in strengthening of existing structural elements like pressure grouting, fibre wrapping, chemical treatment, structural steel support, jacketing, etc. But these techniques are very costly and need precise quality control activity. In the present of investigation, strengthening of beam and column elements of a building by ferrocement techniques and steel jacketing were carried out and cost and cost comparison and strength results before and after strengthening are presented. It is observed that the strength og structural by ferrocement technique is cost effective than steel jacketing technique. And also has increase in the strength of RCC elements

Comparative Study of Static and Dynamic Analysis of Multistoried Building

In a moderate seismic activity, relying solely on the static force method to estimate the seismic force assessing the vulnerability and behaviour of RCC buildings under seismic loads is insufficient. The seismic response of the building system is highly influenced by the analysis method adopted. In the past years, static approaches were preferred due to their simplicity, although these methods provided safe design, they may have been overly cautious. Dynamic analysis, on the other hand, is a fundamental aspect of structural mechanics, that describes and predicts the behaviour of structures subjected to dynamic loads. Dynamic load includes wind, imposed load, earthquake, etc. Dynamic analysis techniques, such as modal analysis, time history analysis, and dynamic displacement analysis. RCC structures are mainly designed to resist static load. This process of ignoring dynamic events sometimes becomes the cause of disasters, especially in the case of earthquakes. This research paper provides information on the comparison of various parameters in static and dynamic analysis. Two RCC multistoried residential buildings (g+10 and g+25) acting on seismic zone IV are analyzed using the static analysis method and response spectrum method with ETABS 16. The research investigates the effect on various structural parameters such as story displacement, story drift, and support reactions. The results are compared and evaluated to assess the performance of the response spectrum method over the static analysis method.

A Review on Comparison of RCC and Steel Multistorey Building with and Without Beam Projections

Beam projections are mostly used in the balconies and other extensions they are Cantilever beams which are free at the one end and fixed at other end which is used for good aesthetic view of building. The bending moment, torsion in member depends on its projection. For large projection for heavy load the steel member, composite member are the alternatives for RCC. As a result, in RCC beam addition steel may be needed as it adversely effect on cost of the structure. It may have greater impact in areas where projection beams are located more, hence economical beam design is required to lower building costs. This paper presents the comparison of RCC, steel and composite beam projection by studying various research articles.

Review of Using Shear Walls and Bracings for Seismic Strengthening of High-Rise RC Structures

This review explores the seismic resistance of high-rise buildings through the implementation of shear wall and steel bracing systems. The use of reinforced concrete (RC) buildings with shear wall systems and steel structures with concentrated steel bracing systems has become increasingly common to mitigate seismic effects. However, the response of these systems to seismic loads varies due to differences in structural design and response factor values. Additionally, the presence of asymmetrical building designs poses a potential risk during earthquakes, necessitating a thorough examination of both new and old structures. By analyzing the dynamic properties and influencing factors of irregular RCC buildings with shear walls, this research aims to assess the impact of shear walls on factors such as base shear, torsion, story displacement, and drift. Furthermore, the study investigates the effectiveness of steel bracing systems in enhancing the performance of high-rise buildings under wind and seismic loading conditions. Different bracing configurations are evaluated to determine their ability to reduce lateral displacements and improve structural strength and stiffness. The findings will provide valuable insights into optimizing the location and design of bracing systems for enhanced structural resilience against seismic and wind forces while considering both economic and effectiveness factors.

Seismic Response of RCC Buildings on Hill Slopes with Step Back and Step Back - Set Back Configuration

Framed structures constructed on hill slopes have different structural behavior than those on flat ground due to the scarcity of flat land. As these buildings are unsymmetrical, they attract large amounts of shear forces and torsional moments, leading to unequal distribution due to varying column lengths. In this study, the dynamic response of hill buildings has been compared with step back and step back set back building without and with bracing at corner of the building in terms of maximum storey stiffness and storey displacement. Two different types of buildings have been modeled and analyzed using ETABS v 18.0 finite element code. A parametric study has been conducted, in which hill buildings are geometrically varied in height of the structure due to hill slope. All sixteen analytical models have been subjected to seismic forces along and across the hill slope direction and analyzed by using the Response Spectrum Method.
 All 16 models were analysed using ETABS v18. Three dimensional space frame analysis is carried out for four different configurations such as step back buildings with bracings at corner of the building, step back buildings without bracings, step back and set back building with bracings at corner of the building, step back and set back building without bracings. The maximum storey stiffness and storey displacement for the step back and step back-setback buildings with and without bracing are at 15 ͦ and 30 ͦ, respectively, compare with bracing buildings, the value in step back & step back set back building drastically decreases, resulting in the stability of the building.

Comparative Study of R.C.C. and Composite Structures Under Different Soil Conditions

Abstract: The need for multi-storey buildings arises from a fact that it offers vertical expansion, making them an ideal choice for maximizing available urban space without influencing valuable land resources. A thorough literature review has conducted for comparative study of RCC and Composite buildings and its various advancements conducted before. This paper is based on regular and irregular plan area under different soil conditions. Total 18 cases have taken for consideration (6- square shape, 6 – L shape and 6 – T shape plan) with 3 cases each of RCC and 3 cases for Composite building and method selected - Response Spectrum Method. Results for Square shape plan shows that SCPH case i.e. Square plan with Composite structure over hard soil performs well in most of the output parameters. Results for L shape plan shows that LCPH case i.e. L shape plan with Composite structure over hard soil performs well in most of the output parameters while in case of story displacement and drift LRCCH i.e. L shape plan with RCC structure over hard soil performs better but the values of LCPH are also within the limits of IS codes. Results for T shape plan shows that in case of story displacement and drift TRCCH i.e. T shape plan with RCC structure over hard soil performs better because of the higher stiffness of RCC structure while in all other output parameters TCPH i.e. T shape plan with composite structure over hard soil performs well. Concluding the research work, use of composite structure performs well and can be used with building stability techniques so that the displacement factors can be minimized for composite structures.

Structural Design of RCC Building Using Integrated BIM-Based Design Workflow and Analysis Result Comparison between ETABS and RSAP

Rapid computerization and stakeholder integration in the construction industry stressed the need for a new design methodology that was only possible through BIM. To address the inefficiency and limitations of conventional design flow that lead to design clashes, information loss, delays, and poor stakeholders’ coordination throughout the design phase, as well as the designer’s reluctance to use BIM-integrated software for design. This study aims to develop an integrated design flow using the Autodesk system followed by structural design through the developed flow. Further, the study also aims to identify and resolve design clashes between architectural and structural models and incorporate analysis results comparison of RSAP and ETABS. The results of the study revealed that BIM design flow provided better coordination between stakeholders, speedy clash detection, and resolved bi-directional interoperability issues using an extension (structural analysis toolkit). Furthermore, design through BIM provided better visualization i.e., both 2D and 3D, and final documentation in the shape of structural detailing of designed elements. Navisworks successfully identified coordinate and element clashes between architectural and structural models and provided a virtual 3D representation of the facility before the construction phase. The analysis results of RSAP and ETABS revealed that RSAP gives higher analysis results than ETABS due to the different analysis procedures of the two software packages thus yielding safer design.

Assessing and enhancing the seismic performance of existing RCC buildings

Assessing and enhancing the seismic performance of existing RCC buildings

Retrofitting and Strengthening of an RCC Building – A Case Study of Mixed Housing Typology

Construction of hybrid or mixed housing typologies with non-engineer solutions has become a common practice in developing countries, such as India. Which in turn affects the service life of the structure and ultimately leads to early failure. However, during the design life of a structure, it is important to investigate the risk posed by multiple parameters such as a sudden change in functional utility, exposure to natural hazards, modifications, and/or expansions in the existing structure. One such case is studied in detail, where a thirty-year-old single-story reinforced concrete building (existing building) is extended to a three-story structure (modified building) leading to multiple structural element damages in the existing building over a period of one year. To evaluate the reasons behind structural elements' damage and reduce the risk of sudden failure, a detailed investigation is carried out based on Non-destructive methods. A numerical model has been developed using Non-destructive testing (NDT) results for estimating the current load-carrying capacity of the structure and results obtained show that there is a load-carrying deficiency in structural elements of the existing building. To enhance both load carrying capacity and service life of the structure, considering site challenges, both composite and encasement retrofitting scheme has been proposed and executed to make the building in a serviceable state.

Comparative Study Probabilistic Seismic Risk Assessment for Regular and Irregular RCC Buildings

In the study numerous buildings exhibit irregularities of their architectural plans, a feature that could render them susceptible to excessive seismic activities in the future. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the seismic vulnerability and response of regular and irregular shaped multi-storey building of identical weight in context. Both static and dynamic (response spectrum) analysis has been done to observe the influence of shape of a building on its responses to various loading. G+12 storied regular (rectangular) and irregular shaped buildings have been modeled using program staad pro for seismic zone III. Impact of wind and static load on exclusive formed shape along with dynamic response spectrum has been meticulously analyzed considering the mass of each shaped is identical. A comparative analysis of the center of mass and maximum displacement overstorey of variously shaped buildings under static loading and dynamic response spectrum has been conducted. All form buildings react nearly in sync if the total mass fluctuates only little. But as the end result indicates, a structure's irregular dimensions are what expose it to its vulnerable direction. It is possible to build an irregularly shaped structure that might act more like a rectangular building while keeping the total mass the same.