RCC Beams Research Articles

An Investigation of the Endurance of RCC Beam Built Utilizing Conventional Concrete and the More Affordable Bubble Deck Technique of Field Building

An Investigation of the Endurance of RCC Beam Built Utilizing Conventional Concrete and the More Affordable Bubble Deck Technique of Field Building

Experimental Investigation on Ductility in Fly Ash Aggregate Concrete

Aggregate in concrete is structural filler, which occupies the most of the volume of the concrete The composition, shape and size of the aggregate have significant impact on the workability, durability, strength, weight and shrinkage of the concrete. In recent period some of the aggregates are chemically active and also that certain aggregates exhibit chemical bond at the interface of aggregate and paste. Aggregate occupy 60-80% of the volume of concrete is considerable. The utilization of fly ash in concrete as partial replacement of cement is gaining immense importance today, mainly on account of the improvement in the long term durability of concrete combined with ecological benefits. Three grades of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) are 33,43 and 53 as classified by Bureau of Indian Standard (BIS) are commonly used in construction industry. The main variable investigated in this study is variation of fly ash dosage in 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%. The compressive strength, durability and shrinkage of concrete were mainly studied. The fly ash is collected in Mettur Thermal Power Plant. Then the cement and fly ash proportions of 12.5:87.5, 15:85 and 17.5:82.5 will be adopted to get fly ash aggregates. The particle size distribution, specific gravity, bulk density, impact test on aggregate will be conducted. For the plain concrete and fly ash aggregate concrete of beams (Plain concrete and RCC beams), cubes and cylinders will be cast. All the specimens will be cured in a curing tank. The Ductility test and compressive strength test will be conducted on these plain and fly ash aggregate concrete specimens.

Flexural Behavior of RCC Beam Using Confined Reinforcement with Helical Stirrups

In the present condition the cost of construction goes on increasing due to usage of steel. In order to improve the tensile strength in concrete and reducing the usage of steel, a new type of reinforcement is essential for making an economical building. The main objective of our project is to reduce the usage of steel by providing helical stirrups in the reinforcement recommended as per IS 456:2000. By this method of reinforcement, we can achieve flexure in reinforced concrete beams which opposes conventional method of reducing the neutral axis depth of the beam. The under reinforced section of the beam can be achieved by this method of helical stirrups in the reinforcement. Steel is introduced in the tension zone to take the tensile stress, but as strength of concrete is ignored in tension zone with respect to compression zone. The objective of this research is to investigate the behavior of singly, doubly and confined reinforced beams. Ultimate load, deflection load, compressive stresses and tensile stresses were compared with the controlled plain reinforced helical stirrups beams. Single and double reinforced concrete beams were cast and tested for this purpose of investigation. The results obtained have indicated that enhanced the strength of concrete.

Strength Assessment of RCC Beam With Partial Replacement of Metakaolin and Marble Dust

The most popular and adaptable building material is concrete, which is typically used to withstand compressive stress. A few pozzolanic elements can be added as admixtures to improve the various qualities of concrete. Calcified clay, or metakaolin, is widely accessible in Gujarat, Maharashtra, Bombay, and other places. It is the clay mineral kaolinite in a dehydroxylated state. Metakaolin particles are smaller than cement particles in size. Marble dust is produced by the industries that cut and manufacture marble. Approximately 3500 metric tons of marble dust slurry is produced daily in India. Therefore, marble dust may be found extremely cheaply and simply. Because marble dust has some advantages over cement, it is recommended to utilize it in part. The current study details an experimental program designed to explore the flexural behavior of reinforced concrete beams where river sand was partially replaced with marble powder in preparation for concrete and metakaolin was used in place of some of the cement. In this work, partial cement replacement has been carried out using MK (Metakaolin) at 5% and 10% and MP (Marble Powder) at 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. Concrete manufactured with MK-MP has been compared to conventional concrete of grade M30 in terms of both compressive and tensile strength. The Rapid Chloride Migration Test, or RCMT, was also used to examine the durability of concrete.

A Review on Comparison of RCC and Steel Multistorey Building with and Without Beam Projections

Beam projections are mostly used in the balconies and other extensions they are Cantilever beams which are free at the one end and fixed at other end which is used for good aesthetic view of building. The bending moment, torsion in member depends on its projection. For large projection for heavy load the steel member, composite member are the alternatives for RCC. As a result, in RCC beam addition steel may be needed as it adversely effect on cost of the structure. It may have greater impact in areas where projection beams are located more, hence economical beam design is required to lower building costs. This paper presents the comparison of RCC, steel and composite beam projection by studying various research articles.

Flexural behavior of warp knitted textile reinforced concrete impregnated with cementitious binder

Textile reinforced concrete is a novel and high performance material which is gaining popularity in the recent days due to its high potential to effectively improve the strength and durability of concrete structures. Owing to absence of coarse aggregate and presence of high cement paste content, TRC has properties that are different from conventional concrete. In this paper, performance of three different types of binders ie., Organic binder, Inorganic Geopolymer binder and epoxy binders for compressive and split tensile strengths was presented and were compared to assess their effectiveness in enhancing properties by testing 12 mortar cubes of size 70.6 mm and 6 mortar cylinders of size 75 × 150 mm. The efficaciousness of weft insertion warp-knitted textile fabrics of ARG and Basalt on the Compressive strength, flexural strength, ductility, toughness, and failure modes were evaluated experimentally by investigations carried out on 4 RCC beams. The effect of the thickness of Textile reinforcement is also studied by using textile layers of thicknesses of 5, 10, and 15 mm. The results indicated that application of basalt textiles fabric using cementitious binder exhibit higher strength and ductility. Basalt textile is more preferable due to its eco-friendly properties. The experimental findings are validated through analytical equations, ensuring the reliability of the study.

Analytical Study Of Load Rating On RCC Box Girder Superstructure Under The Effect Of IRC Loadings

It is observed that over the course of time structural components weakens and their ability to carry the self weight along with the superimposed load decreases. Consequently, it becomes very much important and vital to periodically assess the strength, stability and the performance of the bridge and other structure in order to ascertain their remaining residual strength and to ensure safety. There are different experimental methods available which uses the concept of Non-Destructive testing in order to ascertain the performance and the condition of any structure at any point of time. There are numerous experimental method which are used to perform the Load Rating Analysis but there is no provision to perform the same rating analysis analytically as per the Indian code on bridge related software. This paper generally deals with providing an analytical solution which can be used in order to estimate the residual strength of the bridge structure and perform the Load Rating Analysis analytically on Midas Civil Software. The study basically involves the modelling and Analysis of 2 Reinforced Concrete Box Girder Superstructure, each of span length 40m situated in Lucknow analyzed as per the Indian Standard Codes. Both of the bridge model represents the condition of the bridge structure at a specific time period. The time gap between the analysis of the two models is assumed to be 70 years. The bridge model is modelled and analyzed with the help of Midas Civil Software and the Load carrying capacity of the structure is evaluated based on the different statistical parameters such as Vertical Displacement, Shear Force and Bending Moment. At last a comparative study is conducted between the two models. The analysis revealed that the Bridges Lose their load bearing capacity and strength after a time period of 70 years. A considerable increase in the value of vertical displacement and bending moment was observed beyond the safe and permissible limit of the structure. The analytical approach demonstrated in this study can be applied to various bridge structure such as RCC and PSC Tee Beam Bridge, I Girder bridge, cable stayed bridge etc.

Effect of Dolomite and Metakaolin on the Properties of High-Performance Concrete

Cement is one of the extensively used civil engineering material in the construction industry due to its strength characteristics. The use of cement-based materials and the development of infrastructure are rapidly increasing. The production of cement in large quantity leads to environmental degradation and emission of CO2. For making the construction process in more sustainable way, the pursuit for new binders has started and stimulated innovative opportunities to use industrial by product as binders. This paper studies the effect of dolomite and metakaolin on the properties of high-performance concrete. For the study, M70 grade of concrete taken and optimum percentage of metakaolin found out by replacing cement by metakaolin in varying percentages of 10%, 20% and 30%. Effect of metakaolin and dolomite in high performance concrete is found out by replacing cement by dolomite in varying percentages of 5%, 7.5%, 10% and 12.5% and obtained optimum percentage of metakaolin. Properties such as fresh, mechanical, and loading behavior of RCC beam were found out. To study the cost effectiveness of using metakaolin and dolomite in high performance concrete, cost analysis was carried out. The test results reveals that the compressive strength, flexural strength and split tensile strength for a curing period of 28 days shows an increase of 4.99%,15.78% and 5.89% respectively. Flexural behavior of RCC beam with optimum percentage shows an increase of 23.8 % compared to the control beam. Cost of saving of cement by using metakaolin and dolomite is about 10% and it can be used as an alternative of cement economically.

Review on Analysis of RCC beam, Column Joint and RCC Shear wall using FRP strengthening on Ansys Software

Abstract: After occurrence of recent earthquakes in the most of world parts, scientific committees for reducing natural disasters and research centers declared based performance design, investigation faults, retrofitting, rehabilitation, new researches are related to strengthening of structures, notice performance, importance of structure, surface of earthquake levels, considering economic and feasibility. One of streningthening method of RC frame is using FRP laminates. Beam and column where intersects is called as joint or junction. The different types of joints are classified as corner joint, exterior joint, interior jointetc. on beam column joint applying quasi-static loading on cantilever end of the beam. and study of various parameters as to be find out on corner and exteriorbeam column joint i.e. maximum stress, minimum stress, displacement and variation in stiffness of beam- column joint can be analyzed in Ansys software (FEM Software) RC shear walls are considered one of themain lateral resisting members in buildings. In recent years, FRP has been widely utilized in order to strengthen and retrofit concrete structures. Significant experimental research has been conducted over the past three decades on hysteretic behavior of beamcolumn joints of RC frames under cyclic displacement loading. The various research studies focused on corner and exterior beam column joints and their behavior, support conditions of beam-column joints. Some recent experimental studies, however, addressed beam-columnjoints of substandard RC frames with weak columns, poor anchorage of longitudinal beam bars and insufficient transverse reinforcement. the behavior ofexterior beam column joint is different than the corner beam column joint.

Experimental studies on durability and deflection behavior of concrete in metakaolin cement concrete

The most frequently used components in conventional concrete are cement, sand, coarse aggregate, and water. Cement production and hydration produce a lot of heat and release the greenhouse gas CO2, which contributes to climate change and global warming. By employing industrial wastes like GGBS, metakaolin, and copper slag, concrete may be manufactured largely without cement and sand. In this investigation, seven M30 grade concrete mixes—designated M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6, and M7—as well as a control mix are produced. The super plasticizer content in cement is 0.75 percent by weight. The maximum and minimum cement replacement rates for GGBS and Metakaolin are 5% and 10%, respectively. 20%, 40%, and 60% of copper slag are replacement values. Acid attack, water absorption, sorptivity, and porosity are a few examples of properties that contribute to workability and durability. The flexural behaviour of an RCC beam is examined. In terms of RCC beam behaviour, the mixture of MC4 with 5% GGBS, 5% MK, and 40% copper slag offers the highest flexural toughness rating. Due to copper slag's low water absorption rate, concrete can progressively increase in strength by up to 40%. Of the seven, the MC5 mixture is the toughest. Because of the high surface area and pozzolanic activity of GGBS and metakaolin, mix MC5 has the lowest water absorption, sorptivity, and porosity values of all the mixes. The most acid resistance is found in the MC2 mixture, which contains 20% copper slag, 5% GGBS, and 5% metakaolin. This is true for both hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid.

Effect of Position of Opening in RC Beams Subjected to Flexure and Shear

Effect of Position of Opening in RC Beams Subjected to Flexure and Shear

Properties of Bacterial Copper Slag Concrete

Copper ore processing generates a large amount of copper slag, which has properties that are similar to fine aggregate. Copper slag has a promising future in the construction industry as an alternative to fine aggregate. Up to 50% of fine aggregate substitutions have been successful. The performance of copper slag concrete could be improved by microbiologically induced calcium carbonate precipitation. The impact of micro-organisms on the mechanical properties and flexural behaviour of copper slag concrete was investigated in this study. Five concrete mixtures were created by replacing varying amounts of fine aggregate with copper slag, ranging from 0% to 100%. M30 grade concrete was used, and 1% to 2% of the bacterium Bacillus subtilis by weight of cement was added during the concrete casting procedure. Specimens of different shapes, such as cubes, cylinders, and prisms, were cast and examined at 7, 14, and 28 days. When treated with micro-organisms, the test results revealed that replacing 50% to 75% of the sand with copper slag produced concrete with superior mechanical properties and a greater density. With the optimal ratio of copper slag to micro-organisms, a suitable RCC beam was formed. Load–deflection patterns of bacterial copper slag concrete were used to investigate beam flexural behaviour, and the results were compared using ABAQUS modelling. Microbiologically induced calcium carbonate precipitation can alter regular copper slag concrete, resulting in enhanced concrete performance.

Exploration Study on Energy Dissipation in Beam and Column Joint with Semi Rigid Connection

Abstract: The earthquake reconnaissance reports reveal that the failure of beam column joint has contributed to partial or complete collapse of reinforced buildings. The failure of a beam causes only localized effect whereas the failure of a beamcolumn joint causes instability of the whole building under seismic loading. This results in significant economic impact and loss of life. Hence it is essential to avoid failure of beam-column joint. The serious damage to the major structures during recent earthquakes is mainly attributed to lack of ductility in beam-column joint. In the present work, experimental investigation is carried out to study the effect of semi rigid connection in RCC beam column joints of reinforced concrete multi storey buildings. The effectiveness of semi rigid connection and effective positioning (stability approach) is analytically investigated for a typical four-bay four-storey and five-bay seven-storey RC frame with different percentage of joint connections by nonlinear static (pushover) and nonlinear dynamic (time-history) analyses. Poor performance was noted in rigid frame during the prediction of structural damage, lateralstrength and storey drift. The semi rigid connection isprovided in different places and it is found that performance of the structure enhanced in the stability approach. The stability approach exhibited improved performance in terms of roof displacement, for and semi-rigid connection.

Performance analysis and experimental investigation on mechanical properties of RCC beam with fibre wrapping

In recent years the usage of fibres for construction works has been developed rapidly due to its high strength and high performance. In the current research work of Kevlar, kenaf the basalt fibre of strengthening of flexure beam in bending test by reinforced concrete beam in different groups. The ultimate load and deflection of flexural strengthening effect on the behavior of externally bonded of RC beams with Kevlar kenaf, basalt fibres, wrapped in single layer of U-configuration, partial wrapping technique. The results showed that Kevlar, kenaf, basalt fibre wrapping of RC beams by increasing the flexural strength of 42%, 40% and 40% with full wrapping technique and 34%, 33.25% and 37% respectively with partial wrapping technique. This concept can be highly implemented in repair and rehabilitation work and in the environmentally affected zone.

Comparative Study on Strength of Partial RCC Beam by Experimental results and ANSYS Software results

Comparative Study on Strength of Partial RCC Beam by Experimental results and ANSYS Software results

Influence of Steel Fiber and Carbon Fiber Mesh on Plastic Hinge Length of RCC Beams under Monotonic Loading

The most susceptible area of a structural member, where the most inelastic rotation would take place, is the plastic hinge. At this stage, flexural elements in particular achieve their maximal bending flexibility. This study uses finite element analysis (FEA) and experimental inquiry to analyze and test the effects of carbon fiber mesh jacketing and steel fiber reinforcement at the concrete beam’s plastic hinge length subjected to a vertical monotonic load. The compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength tests are used to evaluate the mechanical qualities, such as compressive strength and tensile strength, of M25 grade concrete that is used to cast specimens. While conducting this analysis, seven different parameters are taken into account. After the conventional concrete beam has been cast, the steel-fiber reinforced beam is cast. Several empirical formulas drawn from Baker, Sawyer, Corley, Mattock, Paulay, Priestley, and Park’s methods were used to calculate the length of the beam’s plastic hinge. Finally, the steel fiber was inserted independently at 150 mm into the concrete beam’s plastic hinge length mechanism using the techniques described by Paulay and Priestley. The analytical and experimental results are compared. The results obtained from the investigations by applying monotonic loads to the beam show that fibers used at specific plastic hinge lengths show a 41 kN ultimate load with 11.63 mm displacement, which is similar to that of conventional beam displacement, and performance. Meanwhile, the carbon fiber mesh wrapped throughout the beam behaves better than other members, showing an ultimate load of 64 kN with a 15.95 mm deflection. The fibers provided at the plastic hinge length of the beam perform similarly to those of a conventional beam; eventually, they become economical without sacrificing strength.

Experimental investigation of flexural capacity and deflection of low strength RCC beam strengthened with flexural steels and steel shear key

Experimental investigation of flexural capacity and deflection of low strength RCC beam strengthened with flexural steels and steel shear key

A study on validation of moment-curvature relationship of lime sludge-based blended cement concrete on numerical modeling (ATENA)

It is evident that the deformation capacity of any RCC structure is always very significant in the flexural design, other than the compressive strength aspect. When a structure is fully-loaded, adequate deformation capacity available in the structure can ensure safety. The present study focused on the flexural behavior of RCC beams consisting of industrial by-products from the paper industry known as lime sludge. The parameters considered in the present study include the strength of control mix concrete (30 MPa, 50 MPa, and 70 MPa), the combination of mineral admixtures (fly ash, silica fume, and lime sludge) as a partial replacement of cement in the preparation of blended concrete mix and type of reinforced section (under-reinforced and over-reinforced beams). Beams of size 1800 mm × 100 mm × 200 mm were cast and tested for flexural strength and the moment-curvature relationships. The improvement in the moment carrying capacity of under and over-reinforced RCC beams was noticed to be 40.12 %, 30.64 %, 22.98 %, 34.80 %, 30.13 %, and 19.44 % in 30 MPa, 50 MPa, and 70 MPa concrete respectively. The curvature of under and over-reinforced concrete RCC beams has improved by 7.64 %, 7.58 %, 7.44 %, 10.30 %, 7.30 %, and 5.15 % in 30 MPa, 50 MPa, and 70 MPa concrete respectively. Validation of the experimental M-ϕ relationship was obtained through the numerical model using FEM-based software ATENA. The experimental results of the moment-curvature relationship are in good agreement with the numerical model.

Numerical Analysis of RCC Beam Using ABAQUS

Experimental investigation of RCC beam provide an important understanding on its flexural properties. The stages involved from the design to casting, curing, testing and interpretation of results is time consuming and involves economy and labour. To reduce the above said challenges, numerical investigation seems to be an alternate without involvement of money and labour. Preliminary design stages involves design equation which are provided by the basic experiments conducted and they also give the basic information to develop the finite element model. This paper presents the numerical investigation of RCC beam to study the flexural properties using an effective finite element analysis tool ABAQUS. RCC beam prototypes were casted and their flexural properties were experimentally investigated. The results were validated through the finite element model by providing suitable properties for the material that are actually used for the prototype with the desired loading and support conditions. Beam of size 3000 x 230 x 300 mm of M20 grade concrete was casted and tested in the loading frame for flexure and deflection. The study focussed for under reinforced, balanced and over reinforced sections. Numerical analysis was performed using ABAQUS for model geometry and the results were compared with the experimental results. The results agreed with both the experimental and numerical values. Numerical results helps in developing reliable models which can reduce the number of required test specimens for conducting experiments and the model can be used for various study. Also from the finite element results the propagation of cracks can be well understood for the actual specimen.

Corrosion Analysis of RCC Beam using Simplified FEM Model

The durability of the reinforced concrete structures highly influenced by many important factors including steel corrosion. Corrosion starts off with the availability of the water and oxygen, products formed due to this get deposited in the interface between the concrete and steel. As the depositing corrosion volume increases, an expansive pressure at the interface exerts on the surrounding concrete and eventually causes structural degradation, which reduces concrete and steel bond. This work focuses on a parametric study on rust expansion pressure to understand the effect of grade of concrete, diameter of the rebar, position of the rebar and c/d ratio using ABAQUS software. After the analysis, it is found that rust expansion pressure increases as the grade of concrete and c/d ratio increases, which means the pressure required to cause surface cracks due to corrosion is more in higher grades concrete and high c/d ratio. Position of the bar did not affect the corrosion pressure requirement to cause surface cracks. As the corrosion level increased, deflection of the beam also increased. But position of the corroded reinforcing bars in the beam slightly affects the deflection of the beam.