Scientific Rationality Research Articles

Religion, secularism, and postsecularism in Chinese internet literature

Abstract Internet literature emerged in China in the 1990s and became commercialized in the early 2000s, with readers paying an access fee, which is split between literary platforms and their contracted writers, to access popular novels. While the most popular genre is fantasy, a type of imaginative literature devoted to invoking magic beyond the limits of empirical reality and scientific rationality, the primary source of magic for Chinese fantasy is traditional Chinese cosmology and its concrete applications in everyday practices. These ideas and practices, the onto-epistemic-practical foundation of Chinese religion before the twentieth century, were considered superstitious and targeted for elimination in modernizing and secularization processes. However, they have not only survived but taken up a new life in fantasy novels, which depict them as the antecedents of, alternatives to, or more advanced forms than modern scientific endeavors at engineering natural environments and enhancing human bodies. This is why I see online fantasy literature as a palimpsest bearing the traces of Chinese religion, Chinese secularism, and the social conditions of contemporary China. In bearing such traces, this literature exemplifies the postsecular.

Холистическая антропология А.Л. Чижевского в контексте научного и религиозного мировоззрения

The article is devoted to the holistic views of A.L. Chizhevsky on human; fea­tures of their reflection in the philosophical and scientific works of the thinker, as well as in his poetry, are revealed; scientific and religious aspects of the scien­tist’s holistic anthropology are investigated. Analysis of the holistic world­view presented in the metaphysical work “The main beginning of the universe. Cosmic system. Problems”, allows us to state that the holistic approach to the human by Chizhevsky the philosopher is based on his conviction in the impact of the uni­versal principle of circulation on a single electric substrate. A study of the scien­tific works of one of the founders of space natural science suggests that the holistic anthropology reflected in them is based on specific laws that demonstrate human dependence on the environment (solar activity and ionized air). The Chizhevsky-poet forms the reader’s idea of the closest connection between micro- and macrocosm, about the cosmicity of a human being by using vivid images, with­out references to determinism; nevertheless, the anthropocosmic poems of “Leo­nardo da Vinci of the 20th century” are thematically related to his scientific re­search. The relevance of A.L. Chizhevsky’s holistic anthropology to the concept of global evolutionism and the post-classical type of scientific rationality is shown

Экософский взгляд на общество риска и возможности медицины в снижении рисковых последствий

The relevance of the topic is due to the formulation of issues related to the state of modern social reality, the presence of risk in it as one of the essential characteristics. Abandoning the past mechanism of development – tradition as a stable foundation, modern society has acquired the specificity of the absence of a non-stop movement – a transition that does not correlate with the movement from one stage to another, more stable, but represents the continuity of the process. This is a fundamentally new ontology of reality, in which the constancy of its movement, instability create a situation where, as U. Beck says, in the rapidity of change, there is a “collapse of scientific, technical and legal rationality” [3, p. 167], traditionally used as a method of organizing public order. The article updates the Platonic category of metaxy (“Timaeus”) as a characteristic of the dynamics of being, its constant ‘intermediacy’ between the ‘past’ and the ‘future’ while eliminating the stable ‘present’. Modern social reality is a meta-reality, a transition in its infi nity of realization, the consequence of which is the risk and fear of falling into the abyss of baselessness. Risk is a specific characteristic of a social movement in the continuity of transition, when the stability of the present is lost, and the horizon of the future is not visible in traditional logic, which causes existential fear that constantly accompanies a person. ‘Risk Society’ (U. Beck) demanded a new rational ‘arrangement’ (A. Giddens) and a relevant methodology for its construction. The article is devoted to the problem of searching for this methodology. As such, the rationality of the emerging new trend in philosophy – ecosophy – is proposed, which actualizes a holistic view of the world, building on the category of ‘life’ in the unity of its manifestations in nature and culture. The problem is solved by contradiction: on the one hand, the risk is associated with the growth of science, which has historically had a humanistic connotation, on the other hand, its embodiments, being realized today in high technologies, turned out to be turning against man. Contradiction initiates risk. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the rationality of the ecosophical content as a methodology for the study of modern risky social ontology caused by scientific technologies, to argue their impact on human health and to show the possibilities of medicine in solving this problem.

KUHN’S PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY OF SCIENCE AND THE DEFENSE OF SCIENTIFIC RATIONALITY

In the present paper, I provide a reconstruction of Kuhn’s philosophy of history of science based mainly on Kuhn’s criticism of Lakatos. My goal is to examine the compatibility of the Kuhnian philosophy of history with his explicit aspiration to defend scientific rationality. I argue that the Kuhnian philosophy of history is essentially formed by three tenets: (a) contextualism, (b) radical anti-presentism, and (c) naturalism. I conclude that the combination of those three tenets is incompatible with the logical distinguishability between being-justified and being-taken-to-be-justified, which is a prerequisite for the proper defense of scientific rationality.

Divine ambiguity: A philosophical inquiry into God’s uncertain decisions

The debate surrounding the nature and attributes of God as presented in the Bible has garnered significant attention and critique from various philosophical perspectives like Friedrich Nietzsche, Bertrand Russell and David Hume. This philosophical critique emphasises the inconsistency in the nature of God and challenges traditional theological beliefs. The expression of regret by the God of the Bible in Genesis 6:6 raises philosophical dilemmas regarding divine attributes and the problem of evil. The contradiction between God’s regret and the affirmation of his creation as good underscores fundamental questions about divine omniscience, omnipotence and benevolence. The presence of evil and suffering in the world poses a significant challenge to the notion of a loving and all-powerful God. Examples of human suffering, such as slavery, colonisation, apartheid and natural disasters, further highlight the complexity of reconciling divine attributes with the existence of evil. Philosophically analysing biblical narratives, such as the story of Job, Noah’s flood and the plagues of Egypt, raises ethical concerns regarding divine justice and the moral agency of humanity. Additionally, the indiscriminate punishment of innocent individuals in these narratives challenges the credibility of a benevolent and compassionate God. The philosophical inquiry into the problem of evil and natural disasters underscores the need for a nuanced understanding of divine attributes and their implications for human existence.Contribution: The study encourages reflection on key questions about the nature of divinity, the morality of divine actions, and the compatibility of traditional theology with rational thought. It highlights how inconsistencies in certain biblical accounts challenge those trying to balance faith with reason and scientific understanding. While some may view these narratives as metaphors or allegories, others find it difficult to align them with their intellectual beliefs, resulting in tensions between religious faith and scientific rationality.

MUNASABAH SCIENCE OF THE QUR'AN

The rational science of the Qur'an is a branch of science that focuses on understanding the relationships, interconnectedness, and harmony between various verses in the Quran. In this paper, the author wants to explain the importance of Munasabah knowledge in studying or interpreting this Islamic holy book regardless of the pros and cons to the existence of this discipline. This study uses a qualitative-descriptive approach to collect data in the form of written or oral descriptions through media such as YouTube or video. Data analysis techniques are further described in this paper. In addition, case studies are also included to provide concrete examples of the application of the knowledge of the rational science in qualitative research, especially in analyzing the relationships and linkages between Quranic verses and their implications in classical interpretation. The results and conclusions in this research are that we are able to understand the meaning of rational science, find the relevance of rational knowledge to the study of the Qidri, and know the discourse around the opinions of scholars about rational science.

The Poetics of Journey to the West (2021): Disclosing a Way to Dwell in the World

Abstract Science fiction films and poetry are often assumed to be unrelated or even mutually opposed. Among Chinese science fiction films in recent years, Journey to the West is a uniquely poetic example. It offers a secular challenge to science fiction while simultaneously performing a dual construction of science fiction textually and thematically through poetic expressions – thereby expanding the genre boundaries and localized creation possibilities of science fiction films. This paper uses life-world philosophy to examine the film’s existential theme and analyzes the film’s science fiction poetic expressions through the theoretical perspectives of film poem, poetic thinking, poetry-film, and Chinese poetics, arguing that they illustrate and compensate for the limited meaning of the science fiction genre and scientific rationality itself, while exemplifying the ability of science fiction films to serve as a way of disclosing being-in-the-world.

ISLAM DAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN : REKOGNISI PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DI BARAT ABAD KLASIK

The development of education in the world is inseparable from the contributions of Islam, which has played a significant role in it. Consequently, Islam holds a legitimate position in terms of the quality of education, which should be acknowledged publicly as a marker that these contributions must be academically recognized. The contributions of Islamic education to the world can be seen from the scientific heritage of the medieval period when Europe and the Middle East were engaged in debates over reason. The presence of Islamic education had an impact on the process of classifying knowledge into rational ('aqliah) and transmitted ('naqliah) sciences. This classification led to the emergence of branches of rational sciences, including medicine, mathematics, sciences (physics, astronomy, and chemistry), and sosial sciences (economics, geography, and psychology). In the field of medicine, Abdullah Al-Hasan Bin Al Bin Sina, commonly known as Ibn Sina, emerged with his book "Al-Qanun fi at-Tibb." In the field of mathematics, Muhammad Bin Musa Al-Khwarizmi made significant contributions to algebra, trigonometry, algorithms, and the invention of the number zero, and authored the book "Mukhtasar fi Hisab Al-Jabr Wa’l Muqabala." In addition to his expertise in mathematics, he also had a deep understanding of astronomy, as reflected in his work "as-Sindhind." In the field of technology, Abu Al-Izz Ibn Ismail Ibn Razaz Al-Jazari.

Uncovering the uncoverers: identity, performativity and representation in counter-disinformation discourse

ABSTRACT Treating counter-disinformation activities as a discursive practice producing knowledge in specific cultural and historical contexts, this article brings a vital cultural studies perspective to an incipient Critical Disinformation Studies agenda. At the same time, it cautions against inadvertently aligning that agenda with the ‘bad faith’, right-wing populist critique of counter-disinformation practices, acknowledging their genuine potential to enhance democratic culture. It proceeds by interrogating the communicative strategies informing the proliferating Western counter-disinformation initiatives which have mushroomed in response to what is widely perceived to be one of democracy’s most potent threats, and which border on a ‘moral panic’ serving to conceal key ideological tensions. Grounded in Critical Discourse Analysis methods, a close reading of mission statements and related materials from the websites of four leading counter-disinformation units demonstrates how these texts interweave three functions – identity construction, performativity, and representation – to generate the overarching ‘discursive formation’ or ‘articulation’ constituting counter-disinformation as modern liberal democracy’s core, but also exposing its fault lines. Specifically, it shows that a failure to reconcile competing accounts of truth (as scientific rationality and normative value) indexes deeper contradictions pitting the liberal emphasis on individual freedom and capitalist efficiency against the democratic prioritizing of popular power, dispassionate observation against civic participation, and the promotion of transparency against the creeping power of surveillance. It concludes that the absolutist epistemology – a vestige of disinformation’s Cold War conceptual origins – designed to cover over these paradoxes masks the complex roles played by truth and deception in politics, thereby hindering the emergence of alternative, oppositional forms of knowledge capable of embracing truth in its radical contingency and plurality and facilitating democratic renewal.

Research on Key Parameters for Relieving Pressure on Roofs of Deep Mine Cutting and Retaining Roadways

Scientific and reasonable roof-cutting parameters are key to ensuring pressure relief of the retained roadway roof. This manuscript takes the 7135 working face of Qidong Coal Mine as the engineering background and uses theoretical analysis, numerical and on-site measurement methods to study the quantitative relationship and pressure relief effect between different roof-cutting parameters of GERRC. We established a fracture criterion based on the tensile strength of the main roof of the uncut joint along the cutting line. We analyzed the quantitative relationship between different main roof thickness, cutting height, cutting angle, and the main roof tensile stress of the uncut joint. We found that within a small range of cutting angles, as the cutting angle decreases, the tensile stress on the main roof of the uncut joint increases. When the cutting angle is 0, the main roof tensile stress of the uncut joint reaches its maximum. As the cutting height increases, the limitation of the cutting angle on the cutting height becomes smaller. Numerical simulation was conducted to study the distribution patterns of maximum and minimum principal stresses along the direction of the roadway roof during the retention period under different roof-cutting heights and angles. Based on this, the optimal unloading effect of the roadway roof and the minimum concentration of mining stress were obtained at a roof-cutting height of 9 m and a roof-cutting angle of 80°. Through on-site measurement of the stress on the reinforcement anchor cable during the retention period, the deformation of the sinking roadway roof, and the pressure relief control effect of the retained roadway roof, the pressure relief effect and scientific rationality of the design of the cutting height and cutting angle were verified.

Preferential evaluation of coal filling mining scheme under building pressure based on improved grey target decision-making model of game theory

The problem of coal compression under buildings is common in underground mining of coal mines in China. The selection of traditional mining programme is subjective and lacks scientific rationality. In order to solve this problem, this paper studies the evaluation index system and model applicable to the selection of coal filling mining scheme under buildings. A multi-objective evaluation index system integrating economic, technical and adaptive factors is constructed. And an integrated optimization model is established, which is based on the traditional grey target model, combining the game theory optimal combination of weights with the hierarchical analysis method, entropy weight method, Critic method to determine the weights, and then introducing the TOPSIS model and the Mars distance to establish an improved grey target decision-making model. The validity of the evaluation index system and model is verified by taking the example of coal mining under pressure of buildings in five mining areas of a coal mine, which provides technical support for decision makers. This study helps to scientifically and reasonably carry out the preferred mining scheme of coal filling under building pressure.

Good reasons, real questions and proper aims: Hasok Chang on the rationality of the chemical revolution

ABSTRACT In this article, we provide a detailed discussion of Hasok Chang’s analysis of the Chemical Revolution. Our focus lies on his use of the framework of systems of practice and his claim that the abandonment of the phlogiston theory was irrational. We argue that his framework runs into problems when applied to the chemical revolution because of its static view on the aims of the historical actors and we suggest using Nicholas Jardine’s concept of the reality of questions instead as a more flexible historiographical tool. We show how Chang’s claim regarding the irrational aspects of the chemical revolution follows from his strictly individualistic epistemology, leading him to see institutional and social aspects that impact the determination of aims as external to scientific rationality. We argue that a viable pragmatist and pluralist philosophy of science needs to embrace ‘academic politics’ as an explicit part of its view of rationality.

Oases of psychoanalytic discourse in Ukraine and Sigmund Freud’s personality

Historic-psychological research realizes the author’s i d e a of interdependencies between: a) the situationally variable existence of Sigmund Freud’s experiences, thoughts, insights, and personal preferences and the psycho-content filling of acts of cognition in the organic interweaving of his life and creative paths as a non-intersecting p e r s o n a l i t y; b) his rich mental-conscious experience of competently conducted research in the field of psychiatry, psychology, sociology, cultural studies and numerous, deeply personified and even very intimate, m a n i f e s t a t i o n s in the creation of his brainchild – p s y c h o a n a l y s i s, and initially as a method of treating neuroses and other mental disorders, then as an original theory of the structure of the person and their character, then as a critical methodological approach to the state and achievements of European civilization, and finally as a separate philosophy and a peculiar worldview, as well as between: c) an original subjectivity of any serious researcher who seeks to reveal a verifiable ontological picture of the mental reality of a person, and the scientific-subject content of his study of this super-complex (human-dimensional) object of cognition/construction, which constitutes an integral system-forming condition for obtaining the most reliable rational-humanitarian knowledge and which clearly visualize for today the f i v e reasonably highlighted oases of psychoanalytic discourse in Ukraine. It has been convincingly proven that the personality of an intellectual, that is, a theorist, methodologist, empiricist and practitioner in one person, and his thinking activity are part of the metasystem of the essentiality of this extremely complex object, as a separate – self-developing, multisystem – block-factor that creates from itself and through itself modular, self-flowing processes, with which both the object itself and the inspired creative personality are overflowing. The object-subject field of the current research covers, on the one hand, the personally centered psychoanalytic discourse in its classical version and in the latest (mainly post-non-classical) Ukrainian realities (mainly the state and prospects of development), on the other – the personal driving factor in its analytical unfolding of events, situations, details in the connection of inter-causative interweaving of thought-action acts-events of the covital creative path of both the founder of psychoanalysis and his successors. At the same time, the methodological optics of the research is constructed on the basis of the principles and canons of the post-non-classical type of scientific rationality and contains a five-module set of lenses-means of reflective methodologization at the levels of universal (vitacultural methodology), general (the sphere of professional methodologization), special (subject and principles of historical-psychological study), single (methodological procedure of detailing), specific (quintet and quaternary thought-schemes). In addition, it has been argued the presence of five oasis-locations of psychoanalytic theorizing in the bosom of ethno-national everyday of Ukrainianness, whose founders according to the criteria of historicity were and/or are Yevhen Hlyva, Roman Trach, Tamara Yatsenko, Yuriy Kuznetsov, Yuliia Medynska. Finally, from the psychoanalytical standpoint, the personal and characteristic portrait of Sigmund Freud as the founder of one of the most important directions of the development of psychology during at least the last 120 years is essentially outlined, and it is once again proven that the basic psychological knowledge he acquired is extremely personal, subjectively historical, but at the same time ontologically rooted, rational-humanistic, human-dimensional and in many epistemological dimensions invariably reliable.

IBNU KHALDUN DAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM: TELAAH ATAS AL-MUQADDIMAH

This study aims to examine Ibn Khaldun's thoughts on the concept of education as outlined in his book titled Muqaddimah. The research method used is a literature review of the primary source, the Book of Muqaddimah, supported by other sources such as journal articles, research results, and findings which are then analyzed to draw conclusions. The results of the study indicate that Ibn Khaldun paid significant attention to the field of education in addition to his expertise in sociology. In his monumental work, Muqaddimah, Ibn Khaldun elaborates on various aspects of education, including the nature of education itself, the classification of knowledge, the goals of education/teaching, effective teaching methods, stages of education, and the integration of religious knowledge with rational sciences. Ibn Khaldun refutes the dichotomy of knowledge by striving to understand revelation with the help of reason/intellect. To this day, the educational concepts formulated by Ibn Khaldun remain relevant and can be applied to the modern educational era, which emphasizes affective, cognitive, and psychomotor aspects. Ibn Khaldun's concept of education in the Muqaddimah encompasses these three important aspects of modern education. Ibn Khaldun's thoughts on education in the Muqaddimah have implications for modern education, as evidenced by his concepts on educational goals, teaching methods, curriculum, and educators in the Muqaddimah, which have implications for modern education.

Гуманитарные и социальные науки: теоретико-познавательные основания

Scientific natural science, which had been established in European culture since the mid-17th century, began to transmit samples of scientific knowledge into the field of studying social reality. Until the 19th century, the only mental form of reflecting this reality was “primary history,” as Hegel defined it, i.e. tradition of historiography coming from Herodotus. This tradition received its design, oriented towards the field of scientific rationality, from the German historian Leopold von Ranke: to show “how it really was” (wie es eigentlich gewesen). Its social function is the formation of national historical memory. But methodological reflection at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries revealed, as it seemed to it, two radical differences between “primary history” and other “sciences of culture” from natural science. In this regard, the categories of “values” and “understanding” were emphasized. The presence of these categories in the foundations of any science determines its specification as a humanitarian science. The first attempts to transfer certain aspects of the disciplinary matrices of natural science to the sphere of social science are associated with the names of Kant and Marx. Both attempts were unsuccessful. But, unlike Kant’s, the “materialist understanding of history” found its supporters and successors. Its main error is the unlawful direct transfer of the semantic content of the category “matter”, as it developed in natural science (the relationships of things), to the relationships between people endowed with consciousness. The addressee of social sciences are cultural forms, the existence of which has an objective status of existence, but relative to the individual consciousness of acting people. These are, for example, social institutions. The humanities deal with meanings, the existence of which is determined by systems of social communications.

Трансдисциплинарность современной науки как форма социального консенсуса

Introduction. Transdisciplinarity can be reinterpreted from a scientific and philosophical category to a socio-philosophical one by referring to the theoretical constructions of social consensus. In this case, its general social functions are emphasized, which are the social and communication effect of transdisciplinary interactions between science and society. Theoretical analysis. The socio-philosophical analysis of transdisciplinarity is formed in the field of categories of sociality, time, object, truth and values. They are revealed in the autopoietic analysis of the society made by N. Luhmann, which continues the Weberian traditions in relation to the study of scientific rationality. Linking the logical, axiological and social plans of the formation of truth into a single whole in the dialogue between science and society is actualized in the real context of social time. The growth of scientific specialization, which breaks the unified image of science, determines the axiologization and ethicization of scientific knowledge. Transdisciplinarity, based on the social recognition of specific scientific knowledge in everyday life, becomes a tool for gathering disparate academic groups into a symbolic social subject of science. Conclusion. Transdisciplinary science as a hybrid social subject is capable of autonomous communicative behavior, which allows it to act as an agent of policy related to the application of scientific knowledge and thereby legitimize its claims to social authority.

The Mother of Islamic Sciences in Al-Ghazali's Perspective

Al-Ghazali stated that Kalam is the foundation (mabadi) of Islamic sciences. Does it mean the mother of Islamic sciences? It must be clarified because it is the basis for the development of Islamic sciences. Therefore, the researcher formulated questions about the meaning and the nature of philosophy as the mother of Islamic sciences from al-Ghazali's perspectivei. This study uses philosophy as the method, and its character is rational, critical, reflective, and argumentative. Al-Ghazali's books on philosophy and logic are the data sources analyzed through the discourse analysis method. It shows that al-Ghazali criticized philosophy—as a product of thought—by using philosophy—in the sense of process—as the tool. This study found the essence of philosophy is a process that plays a role in criticizing beliefs (naqd al-i'tiqad). Philosophers do physical reflection (tabi'iyyah), mathematical reflection (riyadah), and metaphysical reflection (ilahiyyah) that produce three-level abstraction. At the highest level, the result of Kalam is an abstraction toward a pure metaphysical realm. Philosophy is just an abstraction of natural and social reality, which is not purely metaphysical. Al-Ghazali did not reduce philosophy to Kalam but placed it as the mother of the rational sciences, besides kalam that has its realm, namely pure metaphysical reality. Finally, Kalam led to the discovery of the basic assumptions of sciences, theoretical frameworks, and paradigms that are the foundation of Islamic sciences. This research concludes that the meaning of Kalam as a foundation (mabadi) is the mother of Islamic sciences, because Kalam played a role in forming basic assumptions, paradigms, and theoretical frameworks of Islamic sciences.

An investigation on the craft of Tianche: traditional timber salt well structures of the Sichuan Basin, China

This study investigates the craft of Tianche, an ancient towering timber structure used in well salt production in Sichuan Province, China. Originating in the Han Dynasty and maturing in the late Qing Dynasty, Tianches can reach heights of up to 110 m and represent a unique craft and structural system that is rare worldwide, yet remains largely unexplored in scholarly research. The Tianches are under threat due to a lack of maintenance and extinction of the craft. This study aims to document and elucidate the procedure and principles of the Tianche craft to help conserve this heritage. The key question is how to employ traditional craft to assemble over 100-m-tall structures from small-sized logs using pre-industrial technology. The study combines anthropological fieldwork and principles of mechanics to analyze the scientific validity and rationality of traditional crafts. The study reveals the principles of the Tianche craft, including mature craft procedure and reliable binding joints. Its advantages, namely self-locking structure, frictional force transmission, and hollow cylindrical columns, enhance the structure’s strength and stability and are fundamental for constructing 100-m-tall timber structures. Additionally, the study identifies two limitations of the craft: restricted column diameters and the tendency of the inverted dragon member’s tenon to break. This study investigated Tianche timber structures featuring hollow, bundle-like columns with frictional force transmission mechanism, presenting new possibilities beyond mainstream timber structural systems. The findings may contribute to enhancing research on the Tianche craft and could lay the foundation for future conservation practices related to Tianche heritage.

Philosophical Interpretation of Article 24 of the Medicines Act: Drug Safety, Efficacy, and Quality Control

Article 24 of the Medicines Act serves as a cornerstone in the regulatory framework governing pharmaceuticals in the United Kingdom. This article emphasizes the rigorous evaluation of drug safety, efficacy, and quality through a structured, multi-phase process involving pre-clinical studies, clinical trials, and post-marketing surveillance. This paper explores the philosophical underpinnings of Article 24, delving into its ethical, epistemological, and regulatory dimensions. The ethical analysis focuses on balancing public health and individual rights, the principle of informed consent, and equitable access to high-quality medicines. The epistemological discussion highlights the commitment to evidence-based medicine, scientific rationalism, and the critical role of regulatory bodies like the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA). The regulatory perspective examines the comprehensive and precautionary approach to drug approval and quality control, emphasizing global harmonization and collaboration. By integrating these perspectives, the paper underscores the significance of Article 24 in ensuring that only safe, effective, and high-quality medicinal products are available in the UK, thereby setting a model for global regulatory practices.

Философско-методологические основания становления субъектно-ориентированной эргономики цифровых трансформаций

An analysis of the experience of ergonomics made it possible to substantiate its clear advan­tage over other fields of knowledge for the role of a system organizer (integrator) in the field of social and humanitarian support for digital transformations, including artificial intelli­gence systems. The interdisciplinary trend of increasing the role of subjectness is analyzed as a basis for the formation of subject-oriented ergonomics of digital transformations. Philo­sophical and methodological grounds for creating a subject-oriented ergonomics of digital transformations in social systems are proposed. The focus of this article is on aspects of the control and development of social systems. The basis of these foundations is the sys­tem of paradigms of classical, non-classical, post-non-classical scientific rationality and the system of paradigms of cybernetics (of the first, second and third order) correlated with them. The evolution of ergonomics is correlated with the evolution of types of scientific ra­tionality, which made it possible to single out the corresponding paradigms of ergonomics and fulfill the Bohr correspondence principle for them, which allows for continuity of previ­ous ergonomic experience. The formation of the subject-oriented ergonomics of digital transformations is a step towards the formation of the VII socio-humanitarian technological order is considered. The priority of Russian science in the development of subject-oriented ergonomics of digital transformations is substantiated, which is largely associated with the specifics of Russian philosophical and methodological research.