Rates Of Dolomitic Limestone Research Articles

Nutrient accumulations and efficiencies for maximum blackberry fruit production

Blackberry is grown in a wide range of soil pH, and it is known that the adequacy of soil pH is essential for plants to express their maximum nutritional efficiencies and, consequently, reach their maximum productive potential. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the nutritional accumulations and efficiencies for maximum fruit production. The experiment under greenhouse conditions was carried out in a randomized block design followed by a 4 × 2 × 4 factorial scheme with three repetitions. The evaluated factors were four blackberry cultivars (Tupy, Brazos, Guarani, and Xavante) grown in two types of acidic soils (Typical Hapludox [TH] and Rhodic Hapludox [RH]) to which four rates of dolomitic limestone (0, 1.5, 3.0, and 6.0 Mg ha−1) were applied. Fruit production and nutrient accumulation in the fruits, leaves, stems, and roots of the plants were evaluated, as well as the nutritional efficiency of each cultivar. The blackberry cultivar Tupy has been the most productive, independent of the liming rate. Blackberry cultivars have shown differences in nutrient accumulation and efficiencies for maximum fruit production, and they also have distinct nutritional requirements.

Níveis de acidez do solo para recomendação de calagem e aumento de produção da amora-preta

Abstract The objective of this work was to determine the acidity levels to obtain adequate soil chemical attributes for the maximum fruit yield of blackberry trees grown in acidic soils subjected to increasing limestone rates. The BRS Tupy, Brazos, Guarani, and BRS Xavante blackberry cultivars were evaluated on the Typic Hapludox (LVdf) and Rhodic Hapludox (LVd) soils, to which four rates of dolomitic limestone were applied (0, 1.5, 3.0, and 6.0 Mg ha-1). The effect of liming on soil chemical attributes, in a 2×4 factorial arrangement (soils and limestone rates), as well as leaf nutrient content and fruit yield, in a 2×4×4 factorial arrangement (soils, limestone rates, and cultivars), were evaluated. The maximum fruit yield was obtained with 3.3 Mg ha-1 dolomitic limestone. The blackberry cultivars showed a high demand for Ca, Mg, and base saturation and a low tolerance to aluminum in the soils. From 3.3 Mg ha-1 dolomitic limestone, the maximum fruit yield of blackberry trees grown in acidic soils is obtained with pH 5.6, maximum tolerated aluminum saturation of 6%, Ca and Mg concentration of 45.3 mmolc kg-1, and base saturation of 48.3%.

Changes in Acidic Soil Chemical Properties and Carbon Dioxide Emission Due to Biochar and Lime Treatments

To mitigate global climate change and simultaneously increase soil productivity, the use of biochar in agriculture can be a modern agro-technology that can help in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, enhancing soil carbon sequestration, and ultimately increasing crop yield. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of biochar and lime application on the chemical properties of acid soil and the emission of CO2. A 60-day incubation study was conducted with eleven treatments (T) in which two different biochar produced from rice husk (RHB) and oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFBB) at two rates (10 and 15 t ha−1) and on three rates of dolomitic limestone (100%, 75%, and 50%), recommended rate of NPK and a control (no amendment). The result showed that biochar and lime significantly increased soil pH, available P, and decreased exchangeable Al compared to the control. The pH increase was 44.02% compared to the control treatment on day 15, and the available P was found to be 22.44 mg kg−1 on day 30 from Treatment 7 (75% lime + 15 t ha−1 RHB). The cumulative CO2 emission from T7 was 207.40 μmol CO2 m−2 that decreased 139.41% compared to the control. Our findings conclude that RHB with 75% lime has more potential than EFBB to increase nutrient availability and reduce the emission of CO2 in acid soil.

Yield, yield components, soil fertility, and nutritional status of soybean as influenced by limestone and copper interactions

Continuous limestone application can inhibit the copper (Cu) uptake by plants. This experiment was carried out in greenhouse conditions using two soils (Typic Oxisol and Typic Entisol) with different clay and soil organic matter (SOM) levels to evaluate the effects of liming on Cu fertilization. The treatments consisted of two dolomitic limestone rates (0 and 7.5 g per pot, equivalent to 0 and 5.0 Mg ha−1) and five Cu rates (0, 2, 4, 8, and 16 mg kg−1). Regardless of the soil type, the limestone and Cu rate interaction did not affect the grain yield (GY), however, they did increase the productivity, shoot dry weight yield (SDWY), number of grains per pod, number of pods per pot, pod weight per pot, weight of 100 seeds, root volume, photosynthetic rate, and chlorophyll, and Ca, Mg, and Cu contents in the soil and leaves. It was concluded that for soybeans cultivated in Typic Entisol and Typic Oxisol, there was no association between 5.0 Mg ha−1 of limestone and the Cu rates. However, in isolation, limestone and Cu rate caused a significant increase in the soybean productivity, physiological components, and yield characteristics.

Produtividade e características tecnológicas de cultivares de feijão em resposta à calagem superficial em plantio direto

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da aplicação superficial de calcário em plantio direto, na produtividade e nas características tecnológicas dos grãos de cultivares de feijão. O trabalho foi desenvolvido durante dois anos agrícolas, em Latossolo Vermelho distrófico, em condições de sequeiro. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, com quatro repetições. As parcelas foram representadas por cultivares de feijão (Carioca, IAC Carioca Eté, Pérola, IAPAR 81 e Campeão 2) e as subparcelas formadas pelas doses de calcário dolomítico (sem aplicação de calcário; 1,8; 3,6 e 5,4 t ha-1). As cultivares de feijão tiveram desenvolvimento produtivo distinto em função das doses de calcário aplicadas superficialmente no sistema plantio direto. A cultivar Campeão 2 foi mais produtiva nos dois anos de experimentação e a cultivar IAPAR 81 respondeu linearmente ao aumento das doses de calcário no segundo ano agrícola. Houve efeito da interação dos fatores cultivares x doses de calcário para o tempo de cozimento, nos dois anos de experimentação, com aumento dessa característica na cultivar IAPAR 81, em função do incremento das doses de calcário. Comportamento semelhante foi obtido pela cultivar Pérola, porém apenas no segundo ano agrícola. O teor de proteína bruta variou de 210 a 230 g kg-1 e a relação de hidratação ficou próxima de 2,0 não sendo influenciados pelas doses de calcário e pelas cultivares de feijão.

Container Medium pH in a Pine Tree Substrate Amended with Peatmoss and Dolomitic Limestone Affects Plant Growth

This work was conducted to evaluate the effect of limestone additions to pine tree substrate (PTS) and PTS amended with peatmoss on pH and plant growth. ‘Inca Gold’ marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) and ‘Rocky Mountain White’ geranium (Pelargonium ×hortorum L.H. Bailey) were grown in three PTSs—100% PTS, PTS plus 25% peatmoss (v/v), and PTS plus 50% peatmoss (v/v)—made from freshly harvested loblolly pine trees (Pinus taeda L.) chipped and hammermilled through a 4.76-mm screen and a peatmoss/perlite (4:1 v/v; PL) control. Each substrate was amended with various rates of dolomitic limestone and used to grow marigolds in 10-cm square (l-L) plastic containers and geraniums in round 15-cm (1.25-L) plastic containers in a glasshouse. Regardless of limestone rate, pH was highest in 100% PTS and decreased with peat additions with PL having the lowest pH. As percent peat increased from 25% to 50%, more limestone was required to adjust pH to a particular level showing that PTS is more weakly buffered against pH change than peatmoss. Adding limestone did not increase the growth of marigold in 100% PTS, but additions of limestone did increase growth of marigold when grown in PTS containing peatmoss or in PL. Geranium growth was higher in PTS containing peatmoss (25% or 50%) and PL than in 100% PTS at all limestone rates. This research demonstrates that PTS produced from freshly harvested pine trees has an inherently higher pH than PL, and the additions of peatmoss to PTS require pH adjustment of the substrate for optimal plant growth.

Atributos químicos do solo decorrentes da aplicação em superfície de calcário e gesso em sistema plantio direto recém-implantado

Há interesse em implantar o sistema plantio direto em áreas anteriormente cultivadas no sistema convencional ou sob pastagem, corrigindo a acidez com calagem superficial após a implantação do sistema. Essa prática pode ser possível desde que não haja impedimento físico do solo ao crescimento radicular. Nesse sentido, o gesso é uma alternativa para diminuição da atividade do Al3+ e aumento da saturação por bases (V), principalmente Ca2+, nas camadas do subsolo, podendo ser utilizado como produto complementar ao calcário. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar as alterações dos atributos químicos do solo (pH CaCl2, H + Al, Al3+, Ca2+, Mg2+, S-SO4(2-), V e teor de micronutrientes catiônicos) decorrentes da aplicação de calcário e de gesso agrícola em superfície em sistema plantio direto recém-implantado em região de inverno seco. O experimento foi conduzido em um Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico de Botucatu (SP). O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com parcelas subdivididas e quatro repetições. As parcelas foram constituídas por quatro doses de calcário dolomítico com PRNT de 71,2 % (0, 1.100, 2.700 e 4.300 kg ha-1), visando elevar a saturação por bases a 50, 70 e 90 %, respectivamente. As subparcelas foram constituídas pelas doses de gesso agrícola de 0 e 2.100 kg ha-1. Amostras de terra foram coletadas nas profundidades de 0-0,05, 0,05-0,10, 0,10-0,20, 0,20-0,40, 0,40-0,60 e 0-0,20 m, aos três, seis, 12 e 18 meses da aplicação dos produtos. A aplicação superficial de calcário diminuiu a acidez e elevou os teores de Ca e Mg trocável, principalmente nas camadas superficiais do solo. A aplicação de gesso agrícola aumentou os teores de Ca trocável e S-SO4(2-), e diminuiu os teores de Al no solo, contribuindo para que os efeitos da calagem superficial nas características químicas do solo alcançassem, de forma mais rápida, as camadas do subsolo. Os valores de saturação por bases obtidos na profundidade de 0-0,20 m com a calagem foram menores do que os estimados pelo método da elevação da saturação por bases, principalmente nas maiores doses, mesmo com a aplicação de gesso agrícola. A calagem em superfície não alterou os teores de micronutrientes na camada de 0-0,20 m de profundidade.

Dolomite and Phosphogypsum Surface Application Effects on Annual Crops Nutrition and Yield

Brazil has extensive area with acid soils. Using phosphogypsum and soil acidity tolerant cultivars are alternatives to crop establishment in no‐till system without previous limestone incorporation in many agricultural soils of Brazil. However, it remains unknown how phosphogypsum and limestone surface application affects rice (Oryza sativa L.) and common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) nutrition and yield under a no‐till system. A field experiment was conducted in a sandy clay loam, kaolinitic, thermic Typic Haplorthox, previously cultivated under conventional tillage, in Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil. Treatments included four dolomitic limestone rates (0, 1100, 2700, and 4300 kg ha−1), two phosphogypsum rates (0 and 2100 kg ha−1), and two upland rice cultivars (Caiapó and IAC 202), in 2002–2003, and two bean cultivars (Pérola and Carioca), in 2003–2004. Both amendments were applied on the surface, without soil incorporation. The content of Ca, Mg, and Mn in flag leaves and rice yield increased with limestone surface application. Liming increased the shoot dry matter of IAC 202 rice. Phosphogypsum increased S contents in leaves of both rice cultivars, and resulted in higher grain yield in the Caiapó rice. Liming increased K contents in leaves of both bean cultivars. In the absence of phosphogypsum, liming increased S contents and grain yield of bean. Content of Mg in leaves was reduced by phosphogypsum in lower limestone rates. In phosphogypsum presence, liming reduced Zn contents in leaves and increased bean shoot dry matter. Phosphogypsum increased Ca and S, and reduced Mg contents in bean leaves. Using soil acidity tolerant cultivars promoted higher crop yields in no‐till systems establishment, even when the effective soil amelioration had not yet been achieved.

Soil pH and Fertility Affect Growth of Leyland Cypress Christmas Trees

Abstract Containerized liners of Leyland cypress [Callitropis × leylandii (syn. Cupressus leylandii, × Cupressocyparis leylandii)] were treated with two fertilizer rates [0.6 and 2.4 kg/m3 (1 lb/yd and 4 lb/yd3) of 15N–4.0P–10.0K (15N–9P2O5–12K2O) Osmocote] in Norfolk loamy sand topsoil amended with three rates of dolomitic limestone to obtain target pH values of 4.1, 5.1, and 6.1. Soil pH and fertility both affected plant growth, with negligible interaction. Averaged over both fertilizer rates, total dry weight, which increased linearly with pH, was 24 to 30% higher at the highest pH level (pH 5.9 to 6.5) than in the lowest (pH 4.7 to 4.8). After one growing season, differences among the treatment extremes (low fertility, low pH vs. high fertility, high pH) for height, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, and total dry weight were 19, 71, 44, and 64% respectively.

Nursery Production of Helleborus x hybridus: Management of Nitrogen and Substrate pH

Abstract One-year-old seedlings of Helleborus x hybridus Hort. Ex Vilmorin (Lenten rose) were potted into 3.8 liter (#1) containers filled with a pine bark substrate amended with one of five rates of dolomitic limestone [0, 1.4, 2.7, 4.1, or 5.4 kg/m3 (0, 3, 6, 9, or 12 lb/yd3)]. Substrate pH responded quadratically with increasing rate of dolomitic limestone (DL) producing a range of substrate pH from 4.5 to 6.9. Nitrogen application rates (NARs) ranging from 10, 20, 40, 80, and 160 mg/liter were applied with every irrigation. Top dry weight was affected by NAR, DL, and NAR × DL rate interaction. When no DL was added to the substrate, top dry weight increased quadratically with increasing NARs with maximum dry weight occurring with N at 124 mg/liter. However, when the substrate was amended with DL at 1.4, 2.7, 4.1, or 5.4 kg/m3 (3, 6, 9, and 12 lb/yd3) top dry weight increased linearly with increasing NARs with maximum top dry weight of 15 g to 16 g (0.53 oz and 0.56 oz) occurring with N at 160 mg/liter. Contrast analysis comparing DL rates within each NAR revealed DL rates of 1.4, 2.7, 4.1, and 5.4 kg/m3 (3, 6, 9, and 12 lb/yd3) produced greater top growth compared to growth at the DL rate of 0 kg/m3 (0 lb/yd3) at NARs of 40, 80, and 160 mg/liter. Furthermore, when fertilized with N at 40, 80 or 160 mg/liter, top dry weight produced with DL rates of 1.4, 2.7, 4.1, and 5.4 kg/m3 (3, 6, 9, and 12 lb/yd3) did not differ within each NAR. Root dry weight was unaffected by NARs and NAR × DL rate interaction. Rate of DL affected root dry weight with the largest increase in root growth occurring with DL between 0 kg/m3 and 1.4 kg/m3 (0 lb/yd3 and 3 lb/yd3). Root-to-top ratio (RTR) responded quadratically with increasing NAR with the lowest RTR occurring with N at 140 mg/liter. Foliar N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, and Fe concentrations were unaffected by rate of DL and NAR × DL rate, whereas foliar N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and S were affected by NARs. Foliar N, P, K, and S concentrations responded quadratically to increasing NARs; foliar Ca and Mg concentrations were linear; and foliar Fe concentration was unaffected by NARs.

Peach palm growth and heart-of-palm yield responses to liming

The effects of liming rates on growth and heart-of-palm yield of peach palm plants (Bactris gasipaes Kunth) were studied in a two-year field experiment conducted in Pariquera-Açu, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Soils in this region are allic (sub group Ultic Haplorthox), with base saturation ranging from 15 to 26 % of the cation exchange capacity (CEC). A randomized complete block design, with five rates of dolomitic limestone (0, 0.7, 4.7, 8.7, and 14.6 Mg ha-1) and five replications was utilized. Individual plots were composed of 80 plants but only the inner rows (24 plants) were used for data recording. Planting spacing was 2 x 1 m. There was a cubic effect of liming rates on growth and yield. Maximum heart-of-palm yield was estimated to be achieved at 4.3 Mg ha-1 of limestone application, corresponding to 51.4 % soil base saturation. A significant decrease in growth and yield was observed when large amounts of limestone were applied (8.7 and 14.6 Mg ha-1), probably due to a decreased micronutrient availability.

Correção da acidez do solo em função de modos de incorporação de calcário

A solubilização do calcário no solo, sem o que não ocorre neutralização da acidez, demanda tempo e exige incorporação para aumentar o contato entre o corretivo e os colóides do solo. Com o objetivo de avaliar a correção da acidez do solo em função de diferentes modos de incorporação de calcário, foi conduzido um experimento, no ano agrícola 1993/94, em um Latossolo vermelho-escuro, distrófico, de campo nativo, do município de Ponta Grossa (PR). O delineamento experimental empregado foi o de blocos ao acaso, em parcelas subdivididas, com três repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por cinco modos de incorporação: arado de discos mais duas gradagens, grade aradora mais duas gradagens, enxada rotativa, arado escarificador mais duas gradagens e distribuição na superfície sem incorporação, e por quatro doses de calcário dolomítico: 0, 2,8, 6,6 e 10,3 t ha-1, visando a elevar a saturação por bases do solo a 30, 60 e 90%. A planta teste utilizada foi o milho. Verificou-se que o modo de incorporação do corretivo no solo afeta a sua eficiência em relação à profundidade no perfil, na qual há neutralização da acidez. Houve elevação da saturação por bases do solo até a camada de 20cm, 15cm e 10cm, respectivamente, para os seguintes modos de incorporação: enxada rotativa, arado de discos ou grade aradora e arado escarificador ou calcário distribuído na superfície sem incorporação. Os valores de saturação por bases desejados não foram alcançados, três meses após a calagem, independente do modo de incorporação de calcário.

Absorção de nutrientes pela soja cultivada no sistema de plantio direto em função da calagem na superfície

As conseqüências das alterações químicas do solo pela calagem na superfície, em sistema de plantio direto, na nutrição mineral das culturas anuais, não são muito conhecidas. Com o objetivo de avaliar a absorção de nutrientes pela soja e seus reflexos sobre a produção de grãos, em função de doses de calcário na superfície, no sistema de plantio direto, foi conduzido um experimento em um Latossolo Vermelho-Escuro distrófico, textura média, em Ponta Grossa (PR). Os tratamentos, dispostos em blocos completos ao acaso, com doze repetições, constaram de quatro doses de calcário dolomítico: 0, 2, 4 e 6 t.ha-1, calculadas para elevar a saturação por bases do solo, a 50%, 70% e 90%. O calcário foi aplicado a lanço na superfície do solo, sem incorporação. A absorção de nutrientes pela soja foi avaliada no ano agrícola de 1996/97. Houve aumento de P e de Mg e redução de Zn e de Mn absorvidos pela cultura da soja, com a calagem na superfície, sem reflexos sobre a produção de grãos. O aumento da absorção de P foi proporcional ao aumento do pH do solo até a profundidade de 20 cm, ao passo que a maior absorção de Mg foi ocasionada pelo aumento de seus teores no solo, devido ao uso de calcário dolomítico. A redução da absorção de Zn e de Mn relacionou-se ao aumento do pH do solo nas camadas superficiais (0-5 cm e 5-10 cm), demonstrando que a calagem na superfície, em sistema de plantio direto, requer critérios adequados para estimativa da dose a ser aplicada. A elevada produção de soja em condições de alta acidez do solo, no sistema de plantio direto, está relacionada à adequada absorção de água e de nutrientes pela cultura, provavelmente em decorrência de maior umidade disponível no solo.

Marketable Yield Response of Two Lowbush Blueberries to Preplant Applications of Gypsum, Calcitic and Dolomitic Limestones

Abstract Two cultivated lowbush blueberries (Vaccinium an-gustifolium Ait.) cv Augusta and selection ′70-2 G were grown in adjacent fields that received preplant applications of gypsum, dolomite or calcitic limestone. Calcium (Ca) at 0, 150 and 600 kg/ha (133.8 and 535.2 lbs/ac) was applied 18 months prior to planting ‘Augusta’ and grown for 8 seasons; Ca at 0, 300 and 1,200 kg/ha (267.6 and 1070.4 lbs/ac) was applied 1 month prior to planting ‘70-21’ and grown for 7 seasons. Marketable yield response was similar for ‘Augusta’ and ‘70-21’ in the check (untreated), gypsum and dolomite plots; however, calcite applications reduced yield of both blueberries, compared with the check. Calcite and dolomite application increased soil pH and Ca values and dolomite increased soil Mg values, compared with the check and gypsum treatments, only in ‘70-21.’ Soil pH and Ca values were similar for all treatments in ‘Augusta.’ Although application of both rates of dolomitic limestone increased soil pH (0-7.5cm) (0-3in) to...

Dolomitic Limestone Form and Rate in Container Production of Woody Ornamentals

Uniform liners of Soft Touch Holly (Ilex crenata 'Soft Touch') and Fashion azalea {Rhododendron 'Fashion') were potted into trade gallon containers of a 3: 1 by volume pinebark: peat moss medium amended with 8.3 kg of 17-7-12 Osmocote and 0.9 kg of Micromax per m3. Dolomitic limestone rates were 0,3, and 6 kg per m3 of medium applied as a finely ground or pelletized product. Medium solution pH increased with increasing rate of dolomitic limestone. Ground dolomitic limestone had a greater impact on medium solution pH than pelletized dolomitic limestone and differences increased as rate increased. Addition of ground dolomitic limestone at 6 kg per m3 reduced foliar color and growth of azalea. Amending with dolomitic limestone had little or no effect on holly foliar color or growth, regardless of rate.

Stargrass Response to Lime and Phosphogypsum

Stargrass (Cynodon spp.) is an important forage in tropical Florida and other tropical regions of the world. Lime is believed to be a major input needed for stargrass production. A field study was conducted on a Pomona fine sand (sandy, siliceous, hyperthermic, Ultic Haplaquod) to determine the response of stargrass to lime and phosphogypsum and to determine if lime application levels can be reduced below the current agronomic recommendations for commercial growers (pH = 6.0). Treatments consisted of a check (0 tons lime or phosphogypsum/acre) and five rates of dolomitic limestone (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 3.0 tons/acre) and two rates of phosphogypsum (1.0 and 2.0 tons/acre) in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Dolomitic lime increased stargrass dry matter (DM) yields quadratically in all 3 yr with yield maximizing when 2 ton/acre of dolomitic lime was applied. Application of dolomitic lime increased soil pH, soil Ca, and soil Mg linearly in the Ap soil horizon. Soil pH ranged from 4.6 to 6.0 and exchangeable Al ranged from 10.4 to 18.1 ppm for the Ap horizon for the 3.0 and 0 ton lime/acre treatments, respectively. Application of phosphogypsum resulted in increased yields in spite of the increase in soil acidity. Stargrass roots penetrated the spodic horizon regardless of phosphogypsum or lime rates. This study demonstrates the importance of dolomitic lime or phosphogypsum for stargrass production in low pH soils and that the recommended rate of lime application may be reduced without affecting forage production. Research Question Stargrass, a warm season perennial forage, is becoming one of the most popular grasses throughout the tropics. It produces high quality forage that, when properly managed for grazing, results in good animal performance. With the exception of N, soil acidity may be the major factor limiting stargrass growth and production. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Florida lime recommendations for stargrass production and to determine whether the recommended levels of lime could be reduced without harmful effects on stargrass production. Literature Summary Stargrass is demonstrating excellent potential as a high quality forage in tropical USA and many other tropical regions of the world. Because this grass has high yield potential, insect and disease resistance, persistence, and high forage quality, both dairy and beef cattle producers are increasing their acreage planted to stargrass. Stargrass has the unique ability to produce forage during saturated soil conditions in the warm season (70 to 95°F) and in the cool-dry season (50 to 70°F). Dairy farmers find stargrass grown under high fertility and harvested frequently will persist for many years, yielding high quality forage when harvested for hay or haylage on a 4-wk schedule. Since many soils in the tropical regions of the world are strongly acid, studies have to be conducted on defining the lime requirement needs for optimum stargrass production. Study Description A 3-yr field study was conducted on a strongly acid, infertile spodosol at Ona, FL, to determine the response of six rates of incorporated dolomitic lime (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 3.0 tons/acre) and three rates of phosphogypsum (0, 1.0, and 2.0 tons /acre) on stargrass production and soil chemical characteristics Applied Questions What are the minimum calcium and pH requirements for stargrass production? Stargrass yields increased quadratically with increasing rates of dolomitic lime. Incorporated dolomite of 2.0 tons /acre increased soil pH from 4.6 to 5.5 in the Ap horizon and increased stargrass yields by 100%. Addition of lime above 2.0 tons/acre did not significantly affect yields (Fig. 1). Addition of 2.0 tons/acre of phosphogypsum resulted in a 50% increase in stargrass production (Fig. 1). Results of this study demonstrate the importance of dolomitic lime or phosphogypsum for stargrass production. Based on this study it would appear that dolomitic lime is essential for stargrass production and that the lime recommendations for stargrass could be reduced in Florida spodosols without seriously affecting the crop yield. Figure 1Open in figure viewerPowerPoint Influence of dolomitic lime and phosphogypsum on stargrass production.

Omission of Lime Reduces Mouse-ear Symptoms in Container-grown Pecan Trees

Container-grown pecan [Carya illinoensis (Wangenh.) C. Koch] trees with “mouse-ear” symptoms, characterized by small, rounded, cupped, and slightly wrinkled leaflets, were repotted into two types of media amended with three rates of dolomitic limestone (0, 5.4, or 10.7 kg·m-3). In both media [4 milled pine bark: 1 sand; 1 soil: 1 peat: 1 perlite (by volume)], mouse-ear symptoms in the season following repotting were dramatically reduced at the lower lime application rates. Medium Fe, Ca, Cu, and Mn and foliar Ca, Mg, Mn, Zn, and B were affected by lime rate 10 months after repotting in one or both media. Medium pH increased quadratically as lime rate increased. Greatest plant recovery occurred when no lime was added, resulting in a pH of 3.9 in the bark-sand medium and 4.2 in the soil-peat-perlite medium.

Lime, molybdenum, and cultivar effects on molybdenum deficiency of poinsettia

Abstract Poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. ex Klotz) cultivars ‘Annette Hegg Brilliant Diamond’ (AH), ‘Gutbier V‐14 Glory’ (GG), and ‘Eckespoint C‐1 Red’ (ER) were grown in a peat‐perlite potting medium to study lime and Mo effects on the occurrence of Mo deficiency. Two rates of dolomitic limestone, 0 and 3 kg/m3of growing medium, and weekly applications of micronutrient solutions containing 0.0 or 1.0 ppm Mo were made in factorial combination. Lime, Mo, or both prevented Mo deficiency symptoms in all cultivars. Without both lime and Mo, Mo deficiency symptoms appeared on AH and GG, but not on ER. Lime and/or Mo reduced NO3‐N content, increased Mo content and increased nitrate reductase enzyme activity (NRA) in the upper recently matured leaves of all cultivars. Lime and Mo interacted to affect these parameters in all cultivars. Comparing the three cultivars without both lime and Mo, NO‐‐N content was lowest and NRA highest in ER. However, the Mo content of ER leaves was equal to or less than that...

Influence of Nitrogen and Dolomitic Limestone on ‘Whitmanii’ Fern

Abstract Nephrolepsis exaltata (L.) Schott cv. Whitmanii supplied with 3 fertilizer rates and varying rates of dolomitic limestone grew more efficiently at lower N rates when 0-3.0 kg/m3 of dolomitic limestone was used. Nonlimed ferns exhibited marginal foliar necrosis damage when fertilized with 300 and 450 ppm N, while limed ferns exhibited similar damage only when fertilized at 450 ppm N. Liming decreased foliar N content, increased medium soluble salt levels, prevented the increase in pH level from high fertilizer rates, and provided a buffer against toxicity, possibly from ammonia.

Lime requirements of Boston ferns: II. Foliar and medium analysis

Abstract Growth response and nutrient levels in the foliage and growth medium were compared using Nephrolepsis exaltata (L.) Schott ‘Com‐pacta’ ferns grown in a peat‐perlite medium with 4 rates of dolo‐mitic limestone (0.0, 1.2, 2.4, and 6.0 kg/m3) and 2 rates of gypsum (0.0 and 1.2 kg/m3). Incorporation of dolomitic limestone and gypsum resulted in greater growth compared to treatments without dolomitic limestone and gypsum, but dolomitic limestone rates of 1.2, 2.4, or 6.0 kg/m3 resulted in no difference in fern dry weight. Addition of gypsum resulted in higher foliar S levels. Suppressed fern growth was associated with lower foliar Ca and S levels. When 6.0 kg/m3 of dolomitic limestone was added to the medium, foliar N was lower and nitrates in the medium were higher compared to ferns grown with no dolomitic limestone. Addition of gypsum and dolomitic limestone to the medium increased soluble salt levels.