Rate Of Sputum Research Articles

Clinical Effectiveness of Endoscopic Stent Placement in Treatment of Acute Intestinal Obstruction Caused by Colorectal Cancer

BackgroundEmergency endoscopic intestinal stenting has been applied with increasing frequency in colorectal cancer patients with acute intestinal obstruction. However, its clinical effectiveness as compared to emergency surgery remains controversial.Material/MethodsThe clinical data of 96 patients with acute intestinal obstruction caused by colorectal cancer from April 2012 to April 2018 were retrospectively collected. Statistical technique success rate, clinical success rate, operative time, average indwelling time of stent, complications, transition time to second-stage surgery, postoperative hospital stay, sputum rate, and postoperative infection rate were studied.ResultsEndoscopic colonoscopy was successfully performed in 94 patients. The success rate of stent placement was 97.9%, and the average operative time was 35 minutes (range, 25–85 minutes). Forty-two patients underwent stage I colectomy after relief of the obstruction. The average stent retention time was 7 days (range, 5–15 days). Two patients suffered from anastomotic infection. Their intestinal preparation time, hospital stay, fistula rate, and infection rate were lower than those of patients undergoing emergency operation for colon cancer intestinal obstruction. A total of 52 patients with colon cancer underwent palliative stent placement. Three patients had complications, including 1 case of stent displacement in the palliative care group and 2 cases with perforation in the bridge surgery group.ConclusionsEmergency endoscopic placement of an intestinal stent is safe and effective in the treatment of patients with acute intestinal obstruction caused by colorectal cancer. It is also a safe and simple procedure for patients receiving advanced palliative treatment, which greatly improves their quality of life and is easy for patients’ families to accept.

Monitoring the response to TB treatment using T cells biomarkers in TB/HIV patients undergoing ART

Abstract TB is the leading cause of death in HIV-infected persons. Anti-TB treatment in TB/HIV co-infected persons is therefore a public health priority. In patients undergoing anti-TB treatment and ART, ART initiation is often deferred by 2–8 weeks at the physician’s discretion in patients presenting CD4 counts >350 cells/ml to sufficiently reduce the Mtb burden in order to minimize potential drug interactions and complications related to the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). However, we currently lack reliable “real time” diagnostic methods to assess Mtb clearance during TB treatment. Isolation of Mtb from sputum can take 4–6 weeks and the rate of sputum smear-negative/active TB cases is upto 66% higher in HIV(+) than in HIV (−) patients. PCR-based technology while sensitive, does not differentiate between live and dead Mtb. We have recently identified specific host immune activation markers (CD38 and HLA-DR) on Mtb-specific CD4+ T cells that correlate with Mtb clearance during and after TB treatment of HIV (−) pulmonary active TB using flow cytometry. We have extended these studies to assess the performance of these biomarkers in diagnosing ATB in HIV(+) patients. Further, we are exploring the value of these biomarker profiles on T cells from TB/HIV co-infected patients undergoing ART and TB treatment, to evaluate their potential to serve as clinical correlates of Mtb clearance in ART treated TB/HIV+ patients.

Application effects of elephant trunk sputum suction tube in stroke patients with non artificial airways

Objective To explore the application effects of elephant trunk sputum suction tube in stroke patients with non artificial airways. Methods A total of 80 stroke patients with non artificial airways in Department of Neurology were randomly divided into observation group (40 cases, elephant trunk type suction tube) and control group (40 cases, conventional type suction tube)according to the hospital order. The effectiveness of sputum suction and injury of airway mucous were compared between two groups. Results The one-time clean suctioning rate of sputum in observation group (94.05%) was higher than that in control group (61.52%). The damage ratio of airway mucous in observation group (3.57%) was lower than that in control group (20.38%). There were significant differences in effectiveness of sputum suction and injury of airway mucous between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions Trunk type suction tube can improve sputum suction effects and reduce the incidence of airway mucous injury in stroke patients with non artificial airway. It is worthy of clinical application and promotion. Key words: Stroke; Non artificial airway; Sputum suction; Elephant trunk sputum suction tube

Application of PDCA cycle theory in the continuous improvement of the quality of sputum culture samples

Objective To continuously improve the quality of sputum culture samples with PDCA cycle management theory,to improve positive rate of sputum culture.Methods Collecting the data of pneumology department patients of our hospital from 2013 January to 2013 May as the control group,while the PDCA cycle management method used for the observation group from 2013 June to 2013 November,compare the take rate,pass rate and positive rate of two groups.Results With PDCA cycle theory quality management,we achieved the anticipated target on sputum culture specimens quality.Sputum specimens rate,qualified rate,positive rate significantly increased,with statistically significant difference (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion PDCA cycle theory has an significant effect on sputum culture samples quality management continuous improvement and clinical medical and nursing quality management,worthy of clinical promotion. Key words: PDCA cycle theory; Sputum culture; Continuous quality improvement

Correction: The Rate of Sputum Smear-Positive Tuberculosis after Treatment Default in a High-Burden Setting: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Correction: The Rate of Sputum Smear-Positive Tuberculosis after Treatment Default in a High-Burden Setting: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus screening and eradication in the surgical intensive care unit: Is it worth it?

Background The problem of intensive care unit methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections has led to routine surveillance and eradication strategies. Methods Our surgical intensive care unit (SICU) admissions receive MRSA nares cultures and if positive are isolated followed by eradication treatment. This strategy was retrospectively reviewed. Results Our nares-positive culture rate was 21% (30/145), and the sputum positive (sputum+) rate was 18% (26/145). Positive nares culture (Nares+) was eradicated in 63%. The rate of sputum+ in Nares+ patients was 36% (9/25). The rate of sputum+ in Nares− was 10% (12/115; P = .003). The sputum+ SICU length of stay (LOS) (18 ± 12 days in 23 S+ patients) is longer than in sputum− (10 ± 9 days in 69 S-patients, P = .0002). Conclusions This SICU has high rates of both nares and sputum MRSA cultures. Our data suggest eradicating nares colonization may prevent pneumonia and might decrease SICU LOS.