RAS Academician Research Articles

Biographical notices of RAS academician N. A. Mukhin

Biographical notices of RAS academician N. A. Mukhin

Biographical notices of RAS academician N. A. Mukhin

Biographical notices of RAS academician N. A. Mukhin

About the activities of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 2023 report of the president of the RAS academician of the RAS G.Ya. Krasnikovа

About the activities of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 2023 report of the president of the RAS academician of the RAS G.Ya. Krasnikovа

Portraits of scientists. Volya Georgievna Artamonova, RAS academician

The article presents the autobiography data and the main stages of the scientific activity of Volya Georgievna Artamonova, the Soviet and Russian occupational pathologist and general practitioner, member of the Russian Academy of Sciences (2013, member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences since 1999), honored scientist of the RSFSR (1991).

On the formation of Novosibirsk Academgorodok – the center of the Siberian branch of the Russian academy of sciences: achievements and omissions

In an article dedicated to the anniversary of the Russian Academy of Sciences, RAS academician Abel Aganbegyan describes the history of the creation of the Novosibirsk Akademgorodok (Eng. Academic City). As an active participant in this process, he argues that the Akademgorodok had an important role in the development of science and education in Russia. The Akademgorodok integrated the development and interaction of different areas of fundamental science, focusing on the on breakthrough areas. It also integrated science with higher education and pre-university programs, and promoted innovative development based on scientific findings. However, achieving these goals proved challenging, requiring a significant amount of effort from scientists and the government. Despite these difficulties, the Akademgorodok has become one of Russia’s leading scientific centers, with an international reputation. The author emphasizes that, although there have been successes in the development of science, there have also been omissions. For example, there has not been enough attention paid to the commercialization of scientific discoveries and the introduction of new technologies into production. As a result, many scientific advances have not found practical applications.

On the anniversary of Academician Nikolay Kazimirovich Yankovsky

June 21, 2023, marks the 75th anniversary of RAS Academician Nikolay Kazimirovich Yankovsky, an eminent specialist in the field of general and molecular genetics and biotechnology. Nikolay Kazimirovich has published more than 170 scientific papers, has nine patents, trained six Doctors and 19 Candidates of Science. He is a laureate of the USSR Council of Ministers Prize and several other awards. Nikolay Kazimirovich carries out extensive editorial work, being the Editor-in-Chief of the Journal “Genetics” and a member of editorial boards of a few other specialized periodicals. N.K. Yankovsky is also known as a major organizer in science; in 2006-2016 he held the position of Director of the Institute of General Genetics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, and currently he is the Scientific Director of this Institute. Nikolay Kazimirovich carries out extensive educational work, being the author of dozens of popular scientific publications and presentations in the mass media. It is impossible to overestimate the contribution of N.K. Yankovsky into the work of the Russian genetic community in the rank of the first Vice-President of the Vavilov Society of Geneticists and Breeders, in which position he has always been and still is a generator of new ideas and an active fighter for the ideals of genetic science. Friends and associates – Russian geneticists and breeders, congratulate Nikolay Kazimirovich on his anniversary and wish him achieving new creative successes, grateful apprentices, enthusiasm and inexhaustible energy in solving large-scale challenges of genetics on a national and global scales.

Индо-Тихоокеанский регион: между “дружбой” и “недружбой” (Круглый стол Центра Азиатско-Тихоокеанских исследований ИМЭМО РАН) (Часть вторая)

The Editorial Board publishes a brief report on the round table at the Center for Asia Pacific Studies of IMEMO on new phenomena in the system of international relations in the Indo-Pacific Region (IPR) and in the policies of the states located there. The sharp increase in the level of confrontation in different regions of the world over the past year leads to increased importance in the system of international relations, in the foreign policy of states of such categories as “friendliness” and “unfriendliness” in relation to other countries. These phenomena have also affected the Indo-Pacific region, which now plays a key role in world politics and economy, where complicated and sometimes multidirectional processes of restructuring the political space, reformatting economic, military and political relations between states are taking place. In this context, it seems relevant to analyze the influence of the factors of “friendship”–“unfriendliness” on the formation of the main “axes” of rapprochement and confrontation in the region, new blocs and coalitions. The determination of Russia’s new positioning in the ITR taking into account the factors mentioned above also becomes an important independent research task. These and other closely related issues were the object of discussion at the round table held by the Center for Asia Pacific Studies of IMEMO in late October 2022. At the same time the discussion participants focused on the analysis of policies not of all countries in the region, but mainly of the Pacific Asia (PA) and India and South Asia. The panelists were K.R. Voda, Cand. Sci. (Polit.), Scientific Secretary of IMEMO; L.A. Gamza, Cand. Sci. (Econ.), senior researcher at IMEMO; O.V. Davydov, retired Ambassador-at-Large, senior researcher at IMEMO; E.A. Kanaev, Dr. Sci. (Hist.), Prof. at National Research University Higher School of Economics; A.N. Karneev, Cand. Sci. (Hist.), Prof. at National Research University Higher School of Economics; A.V. Kupriyanov, Cand. Sci. (Hist.), Head of the Group at IMEMO; V.L. Larin, RAS Academician, Deputy Chairman of the Presidium of FEB RAS; A.V. Lomanov, Dr. Sci. (Hist.), Professor of RAS, Deputy Director of IMEMO; S.A. Lukonin, Cand. Sci. (Econ.), Head of the Sector, IMEMO; V.V. Mikheev, RAS Academician, Member of the IMEMO Directorate; V.V. Sumskiy, Dr. Sci. (Hist.), Principle researcher at IMEMO; M.A. Terskikh, Cand. Sci. (Polit.), resercher at IMEMO; V.G. Shvydko, Cand. Sci. (Econ.), Head of the Group at IMEMO.

Индо-Тихоокеанский регион: между “дружбой” и “недружбой” (Круглый стол Центра Азиатско-Тихоокеанских исследований ИМЭМО РАН) (Часть первая)

The Editorial Board publishes a brief report on the round table at the Center for Asia Pacific Studies of IMEMO on new phenomena in the system of international relations in the Indo-Pacific Region (IPR) and in the policies of the states located there. The sharp increase in the level of confrontation in different regions of the world over the past year leads to increased importance in the system of international relations, in the foreign policy of states of such categories as “friendliness” and “unfriendliness” in relation to other countries. These phenomena have also affected the Indo-Pacific region, which now plays a key role in world politics and economy, where complicated and sometimes multidirectional processes of restructuring the political space, reformatting economic, military and political relations between states are taking place. In this context, it seems relevant to analyze the influence of the factors of “friendship/unfriendliness” on the formation of the main “axes” of rapprochement and confrontation in the region, new blocs and coalitions. The determination of Russia’s new positioning in the IPR taking into account the factors mentioned above also becomes an important independent research task. These and other closely related issues were the object of discussion at the round table held by the Center for Asia Pacific Studies of IMEMO in late October 2022. At the same time the discussion participants focused on the analysis of policies not of all countries in the region, but mainly of the Pacific Asia (PA) and India and South Asia. The panelists were K.R. Voda, Cand. Sci. (Polit.), Scientific Secretary of IMEMO; L.A. Gamza, senior researcher at IMEMO; O.V. Davydov, retired Ambassador-at-Large, senior researcher at IMEMO; E.A. Kanaev, Dr. Sci. (Hist.), Professor at National Research University Higher School of Economics; A.N. Karneev, Cand. Sci. (Hist.), Professor at National Research University Higher School of Economics; A.V. Kupriyanov, Cand. Sci. (Hist.), Head of the Group at IMEMO; V.L. Larin, RAS Academician, Deputy Chairman of the Presidium of FEB RAS; A.V. Lomanov, Dr. Sci. (Hist.), Professor of RAS, Deputy Director of IMEMO; S.A. Lukonin, Cand. Sci. (Econ.), Head of the Sector, IMEMO; V.V. Mikheev, RAS Academician, Member of the IMEMO Directorate; V.V. Sumskiy, Dr. Sci. (Hist.), principle researcher at IMEMO; M.A. Terskikh, Cand. Sci. (Polit.), researcher at IMEMO; V.G. Shvydko, Cand. Sci. (Econ.), Head of the Group at IMEMO.

Awards and Prizes

RAS Academician V.A. Lektorskii was awarded the 2021 Plekhanov Prize. RAS Corresponding Member A.A. Tishkov was awarded the 2021 Grigor’ev Prize. S.N. Dedysh, Dr. Sci. (Biol.), was awarded the 2021 Vinogradskii Prize. Professor I.Sh. Kalimullin, Dr. Sci. (Phys.–Math.), was awarded the 2021 Mal’tsev Prize.

2022 Pirogov Grand Gold Medal of the RAS

RAS Academician Vladimir Porkhanov and Gilbert Massard (France) were awarded the highest award of the Russian Academy of Sciences in the field of medicine.

Ridge model for predicting demographic indicators of the Russian education system

The purpose of this study was to use the author's Comb model to study the dynamics of demographic indicators on which the effectiveness and "uniform" workload of all levels of the Russian education system depends. The object of the study are the age cohorts of the Russian population, the subject is the optimal workload of the levels of the education system with the account of new challenges, including those caused by the coronavirus pandemic. Development of modern Russian society, socio-economic projects and well-being of the population are largely determined by demographic indicators, such as fertility, life expectancy, mortality, the number of able-bodied population, etc. At present demographic problems, as well as ten years ago, are caused primarily by the change in the age structure of the population. In 2012, a research team headed by RAS Academician N. M. Rimashevskaya developed and applied the "Ridge model of the age structure of children and youth", which, using econometric forecasting approaches, makes it possible to forecast demographic dynamics in the education system. Based on the simulation results, with a certain probability, it is possible to predict the number of required places at various levels of training. Today, the President of the Russian Federation, the Government and the leading regional authorities of the country pay great attention to this problem. In the country, in parallel with other significant National projects, the Demography project has been implemented since 2019, one of the tasks of which (target indicator) is to increase the total fertility rate (up to 1.7). This once again underlines the relevance of the chosen topic and the author's tools (Comb model). The article uses data from the Federal Statistics Service, analytical materials of demographers, results of studies, including the author's, conducted using software for calculating the Ridge model in various regions. The cohort age structure of children and youth was projected using the author's tools for various levels of the education system in the Russian Federation, Moscow city, Moscow, Ryazan, Vladimir, Tula and Vologda oblasts. The results of the conducted research may be relevant and practically significant for the government structures that are directly involved in settling the issues related to regional and national demographic indicators. The material can be used for theoretical study of demography issues by students in professional educational institutions of middle and senior management, as well as demographers, analysts and other specialists dealing with demography issues.

Preface

Introduction The sixth interdisciplinary scientific forum with international participation “New materials and promising technologies” was held online with 23 on 27 November 2020. The main organizers of the event were the Council of Young Scientists of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Coordinating Council for Youth Affairs in the Scientific and Educational Spheres under the Council for Science and Education under the President of the Russian Federation.The co-organizers were the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Chemical Society named after. DI. Mendeleev, Institute of Organic Chemistry named after. N.D.. Zelinsky RAS, A. A. Baykov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science RAS, Russian University of Chemical Technology named after D.I.. Mendeleev, All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Phytopathology, Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute named after. M. F. Vladimirsky, National Research Institute of Public Health named after N.A.. Semashko, Institute of Biochemical Physics named after N.M.. Emanuel RAS, Moscow State Regional University, Rossotrudnichestvo.The purpose of the forum is to form new successful scientific groups, the involvement of young specialists in the field of research and development, the development of cooperation between Russian and international research organizations, representatives of authorities, industry, business, mass media, as well as strengthening interdisciplinary ties in the scientific community, promoting the integration of science and industry in Russia to create new materials and promising technologies.The forum was opened by Andrei Leonidovich Kotelnikov, Chairman of the Council of Young Scientists of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Marchenkov Nikita Vladimirovich Acting. head of the Kurchatov complex of synchrotron-neutron research, National Research Center “Kurchatva Institute”, Chairman of the Coordinating Council for Youth Affairs in the Scientific and Educational Spheres of the Council for Science and Education under the President of the Russian Federation, RAS Academician Khokhlov Alexey Removich Vice-President of RAS, Director General of the Russian Science Foundation Alexander Vitalievich Khlunov, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences Egorov Mikhail Petrovich Academician- Secretary of the Department of Chemistry and Materials Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences Director of the Institute of Organic Chemistry named after. N.D.. Zelensky RAS, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences Tsivadze Aslan Yusupovich President of the Russian Chemical Society named after. DI. Mendeleev, Scientific Director of the Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry named after A.N.. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry RAS, Sevostyanov Mikhail Anatolyevich Deputy Chairman of the Council of Young Scientists of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chairman of the Forum Organizing Committee.A workshop was held on the first day of the Forum “How research results become news” and round tables “Human factor, as a guarantee of development” and “Scientometrics - management and communication tools in science”.Within the framework of the forum, twelve sections worked in the following areas:“Organic functional materials” “Additive technologies” “Nanomaterials and Nanotechnologies” “Health-saving of the population: management technologies” “Construction materials” “New materials and technologies in the oil and gas industry. Gas, oil, energy” “Perspective processes in metallurgy” “Materials and technologies for green chemistry” “Inorganic functional materials” “Biomaterials and Technologies” “Experimental methods of research of materials and structures” “Materials and technologies for agriculture”.More than 700 scientists from Russia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Of Kazakhstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Of Uzbekistan, France and Czech Republic, which contributed to the emergence of not only national, but also international contacts from different cities of the Russian Federation. The forum presented 226 oral presentations.

Anniversary of RAS Academician Ivan Ivanovich Dedov

The Hero of Labor of the Russian Federation Ivan Ivanovich Dedov turned 80 on February 12! The Department of Medical Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences congratulates RAS Academician Ivan Ivanovich Dedov!

Review of the Book: Sophia Nagornaya, Shamil Khaziev. “Defense Attorney’s Duty and Psychologist’s Ethic: Mental (Psychological) Torture in the Russian Legal System” (edited by A. S. Kovalets; Foreword by RAS Academician A. A. Gusenkov. Moscow: LUM, 2020. 172 p.)

The article is a review and analysis of the provisions of the book by S. Nagornaya, Sh. Khaziev “The Duty of a Lawyer and the Ethics of a Psychologist: Mental (psychological) torture in the legal system of Russia”. The substantiation of the relevance of the research topic on the use of torture in Russia, including psychological ones, is given. The article contains the rationale for the need to consolidate cross-sectoral knowledge and methods in the fight against the practice of using psychological torture in criminal proceedings. A characteristic is given to the issues of applicability of the conclusions of neurobiology and the institute of sanity. The provisions on the issue of conducting investigative actions and court sessions during the period of urgent conditions in case of arterial hypertension in the defendant are given. Arguments in favor of a public discussion of the problem of psychological torture in Russia are presented.

Foreword to Georgy Kleiner’s monograph “System economics: The milestones in development” by RAS academician V.L. Makarov

Foreword to Georgy Kleiner’s monograph “System economics: The milestones in development” by RAS academician V.L. Makarov

Mechanical analogue in hydroelasticity

Lineal oscillation modelling of various mechanical systems is a quite common way of representation and simplification of rather complicated systems. One of the most impressions and exciting appearance of lineal oscillation modelling was made by RAS academician Konstantin Sergeevich Kolesnikov in a problem of liquid-structure interactive and the influence of that interactive on vehicle dynamics, especially in a case of rocket motion. K.S. Kolesnikov considered mathematical pendulum according to the problem of the small oscillations of an ideal liquid in a rigid cylindrical shell.

RAS Academician Vladimir P. Shorin and diffractive computer optics

The paper briefly describes the main achievements in the area of laser technologies and the application of diffractive computer optics of Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of technical sciences, Professor, Honoured Scientist and Engineer of the RSFSR, Laureate of the State Award of the Russian Federation in the area of science and technology Vladimir P. Shorin.

Speech by the chairman of the Siberian branch of the RAS, RAS academician V.N. Parmon

Speech by the chairman of the Siberian branch of the RAS, RAS academician V.N. Parmon

Speech by the chairman of the far eastern branch of the RAS, RAS academician V.I. Sergienko

Speech by the chairman of the far eastern branch of the RAS, RAS academician V.I. Sergienko

Speech by the chairman of the Ural branch of the RAS, RAS academician V.N. Charushin

Speech by the chairman of the Ural branch of the RAS, RAS academician V.N. Charushin