Rapid Development Of Imaging Technology Research Articles

Risk factors for secondary thyroid cancer in patients with breast cancer: a propensity‑matched SEER analysis

With the rapid development of imaging technology and comprehensive treatment in modern medicine, the early diagnosis rate of breast cancer is constantly improving, and the prognosis is also improving; As breast cancer patients survive longer, the risk of developing second primary cancers increases. Since both breast and thyroid are Hormone receptor sensitive organs, which are regulated by hypothalamus pituitary target gland endocrine axis, changes in body endocrine status may lead to the occurrence of these two diseases in succession or simultaneously. This study extracted clinical data and survival outcomes of breast cancer patients registered in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database between 2010 and 2019. After matching the case and controls with propensity scores, the selected patients were randomly split into training and test datasets at a ratio of 7:3. Univariate and multivariate COX proportional regression analysis is used to determine independent risk factors for secondary thyroid cancer and construct a column chart prediction model. Age, ethnicity, whether radiotherapy, tumor primary location, N stage, M stage were identified by Cox regression as independent factors affecting secondary thyroid cancer in patients with breast cancer patients, and a risk factor nomogram was established to predict patients’ 3 and 5 year survival probabilities. The AUC values for 3 and 5 years in the training set were 0.713, 0.707, and the c-index was 0.693 (95% CI 0.67144, 0.71456), and the AUC values for 3 and 5 years in the validation set were 0.681, 0.681, and the c-index was 0.673 (95% CI 0.64164, 0.70436), respectively.

Monitoring of plant growth through methods of phenotyping and image analysis

With the rapid development of imaging technology, computing power, and algorithms, computer vision has revolutionized thoroughly plant phenotyping and is now a major tool for phenotypic analysis. Those reasons constructed the base for developing image-based plant phenotyping methods, it is a priority for the complementary or even alternative to the manual measurement. Nonetheless, the use of computer vision technology to analyze plant phenotypic traits can be affected by a lot of factors such as research environment, imaging system, and model selection. The field of plant phenotyping is developing rapidly at the moment. Image-based plant phenotyping has stated proven to be in precision agriculture, providing a quantitative basis for the description of plant-environment interactions.

GND-PCA Method for Identification of Gene Functions Involved in Asymmetric Division of C. elegans

Due to the rapid development of imaging technology, a large number of biological images have been obtained with three-dimensional (3D) spatial information, time information, and spectral information. Compared with the case of two-dimensional images, the framework for analyzing multidimensional bioimages has not been completely established yet. WDDD is an open biological image database. It dynamically records 3D developmental images of 186 samples of nematodes C. elegans. In this study, based on WDDD, we constructed a framework to analyze the multidimensional dataset, which includes image segmentation, image registration, size registration by the length of main axes, time registration by extracting key time points, and finally, using generalized N-dimensional principal component analysis (GND-PCA) to analyze the phenotypes of bioimages. As a data-driven technique, GND-PCA can automatically extract the important factors involved in the development of P1 and AB in C. elegans. A 3D bioimage can be regarded as a third-order tensor. Therefore, GND-PCA was applied to the set of third-order tensors, and a set of third-order tensor bases was iteratively learned to linearly approximate the set. For each tensor base, a corresponding characteristic image is built to reveal its geometric meaning. The results show that different bases can be used to express different vital factors in development, such as the asymmetric division within the two-cell stage of C. elegans. Based on selected bases, statistical models were built by 50 wild-type (WT) embryos in WDDD, and were applied to RNA interference (RNAi) embryos. The results of statistical testing demonstrated the effectiveness of this method.

Progress in three‐dimensional computed tomography reconstruction in anatomic pulmonary segmentectomy

The number of minimally invasive surgeries, such as video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery and robot‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery, has increased enormously in recent years. More and more relevant studies report that anatomic pulmonary segmentectomy has the same effect as traditional lobectomy in the surgical treatment of early stage non‐small cell lung cancer (diameter less than 2.0 cm). Segmentectomy requires sufficient knowledge of the location of the pulmonary nodules, as well as the anatomy of the target segments, blood vessels, and bronchi. With the rapid development of imaging technology and three‐dimensional technology, three‐dimensional reconstruction has been widely used in the medical field. It can effectively assess the vascular branching patterns, discover the anatomic variations of the blood vessels and bronchi, determine the location of the lesion, and clarify the division of the segments. Therefore, it is helpful for preoperative positioning, surgical planning, preoperative simulation and intraoperative navigation, and provides a reference for formulating an individualized surgical plan. It therefore plays a positive role in anatomic pulmonary segmentectomy. This study reviews the progress made in three‐dimensional computed tomography reconstruction in anatomic pulmonary segmentectomy.

Application of 3D Navigation and Vascular Reconstruction Technology in Precision Resection of Lung Segment

With the rapid development of imaging technology and the improvement of people's health awareness, more early lung cancers are found. For very early lung cancer (mainly manifested as ground glass nodules), lobectomy is still the standard surgical treatment for lung cancer, and segmental resection has been used clinically as a treatment method. 3D navigation is an effective tool for precise lung segment and sub-segment resection. Three-dimensional vascular reconstruction technology is an advanced imaging technology. Accurate segment resection under thoracoscopy is considered the best surgical treatment for early stage lung cancer. It is difficult to accurately estimate the morphology, nature and other characteristics of the tumor and its surroundings by two-dimensional imaging alone. Therefore, the precise resection operation adds great difficulty and risk to the surgeon. In recent years, 3D navigation and vascular reconstruction techniques have been widely developed and applied in the medical field, and they are rarely used in thoracic surgery. This article has conducted a more in-depth study on the application of 3D navigation technology and vascular reconstruction technology in precision lung resection, and has achieved certain research results.

The Role of Neuroimaging in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Depressive Disorder: A Recent Review.

Depression is a mental disorder with serious negative health outcomes. Its main clinical manifestations are depressed mood, slow thinking, loss of interest, and lack of energy. The rising incidence of depression has a major impact on patients and their families and imposes a substantial burden on society. With the rapid development of imaging technology in recent years, researchers have studied depression from different perspectives, including molecular, functional, and structural imaging. Many studies have revealed changes in structure, function, and metabolism in various brain regions in patients with depressive disorder. In this review, we summarize relevant studies of depression, including investigations using structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional MRI (task-state fMRI and resting-state fMRI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), brain network and molecular imaging (positron emission tomography [PET] and single photon emission computed tomography [SPECT]), which have contributed to our understanding of the etiology, neuropathology, and pathogenesis of depressive disorder.

Spatial and seasonal patterns of night-time lights in global ocean derived from VIIRS DNB images

ABSTRACTThe majority of the research using night-time data has focused on the terrestrial environment, while the light flooding our oceans is less studied. Meanwhile, given the rapid development of imaging technology at night, remotely sensed night-time light data can now provide a great opportunity to improve understanding of the spatiotemporal distribution of light over large areas. In this article, we used monthly cloud-free night-time imagery from the Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership (Suomi NPP) Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite Day/Night Band, collected from 2014 to 2016, to explore the spatial distribution of night-time light in marine ecosystems. Morphological methods were used to extract light agglomeration areas. Using the Empirical Mode Decomposition method, we detected seasonal change patterns. Our results show that the distribution of light at night is clustered, and mainly concentrated in coastal and offshore waters, with about 70% of the total light found in 0.3% of the global marine waters. Flares from oil and gas well may not create a distinctive seasonal pattern, although fishing lights may show a seasonal pattern. The five largest agglomeration areas of light are centred in the eastern and southeast waters of Asia with little seasonal fluctuation. The cyclical light pattern of the entire marine system had a period of about 0.94 years, while varied from 0.5 to 1.1 years in the agglomeration areas. The proportions of seasonal energy for 49% of the top 100 agglomeration areas were below 10%, while the areas located in the waters near northern Japan, North Korea, eastern Indonesia, and eastern Argentina experienced large seasonal changes.

Current status in the field of vascular surgery in the era of innovation and scientific technology

Vascular surgery largely benefits from the innovation foundation of the 19th century surgical flight development period. Now, a new round of science and technology and industrial revolution promote the development of vascular surgery. The key areas related to vascular surgery medical innovation, including individualized treatment, new materials, biological medicine, high-performance medical apparatus and instruments, and the field of artificial intelligence research make quick progress, which provides support for the development of the discipline. In general, the development of vascular surgery is still growing and improving. With the progress of population aging, the incidence of diseases required for vascular surgery is increasing year by year. The rapid development of imaging technology has greatly increased the detection rate of diseases required for vascular surgery and promoted the vigorous development of intracavitary technology. And the innovation technology and informatization provide the opportunity and challenge for the research of vascular surgery diseases. Understanding new technology and new information has a great impact on the development of this profession. Regardless of medical research, the ultimate goal is to serve the health of mankind. Key words: Vascular surgery; Innovation; Disease; Treatment

Pathogenesis and treatment status of adenomyosis complicated with infertility.

Adenomyosis (AD) refers to the endometrium (including glands and stroma) into myometrium growth of pathological changes, with the delay of women's childbearing age, the patients with Adenomyosis -associated infertility increased significantly. Although scholars disagreed about the effect of Adenomyosis on infertility, more and more evidence showed that Adenomyosis was closely related to the structural and functional defects of the eutopic endometrium and myometrial junctional zone (MJZ), which may lead to embryo implantation failure and infertility. With the rapid development of imaging technology, the accuracy of diagnose Adenomyosis has been enhanced, more and more infertility patients were diagnosed with Adenomyosis. At the same time, a series of pathogenic hypothesis have been proposed to explain the relationship between Adenomyosis. In addition, Adenomyosis may influence the patient?s reproductive function by affecting sperm transport, embryo implantation, altering uterine peristalsis, influencing the structure and function of endometrium, and changing the intrauterine environment. At present, the treatment of Adenomyosis -associated infertility is similar to the treatment of Adenomyosis. The commonly used treatment methods include drug therapy, conservative operative treatment, drug combination surgery, and Chinese medicine treatment and so on. The clinical and experimental studies of Adenomyosis complicated with infertility and its possible pathogenesis and treatment in recent years are reviewed in this article.

Standards and guidelines of radiation protection and safety in dental X-ray examinations

With the rapid development of imaging technology, the application of dental imaging in diagnosis, treatment planning, intraoperative surgical navigation, monitoring of treatment or lesion development and assessment of treatment outcomes is playing an essential role in oral healthcare. The increased total number of dental X-ray examinations is accompanied by a relatively significant increase in collective dose to patients as well as to dental healthcare workers, which is harmful to human bodies to a certain degree. Some radiation protection standards and guidelines in dental radiology have been published in European countries, US, Canada and Australia, etc. Adherence to these standards and guidelines helps to achieve images with diagnostic quality and avoid unnecessary and repeated exposures. However, no radiation protection standard or guideline with regard to dental X-ray examinations has been put in force so far in mainland China. Therefore, a literature review on available radiation protection standards and guidelines was conducted to provide reference to the development of radiation protection standards or guidelines in mainland China.

Guidelines for the Management of Adrenal Incidentaloma: the Korean Endocrine Society, Committee of Clinical Practice Guidelines

An adrenal incidentaloma is an adrenal mass found in an imaging examination performed for reasons unrelated to suspected adrenal disease. The prevalence of adrenal incidentaloma increases with age; there is no gender difference, but it is often accompanied by obesity, diabetes mellitus, or hypertension. The detection of adrenal incidentaloma is expected to rise with the rapid development of imaging technology and increasing frequency of imaging studies. The Korean Endocrine Society is promoting appropriate practice guidelines to meet the rising incidence of adrenal incidentaloma, in cooperation with the Korean Adrenal Gland and Endocrine Hypertension Study Group. In this paper, we discuss important core issues for treating adrenal incidentaloma, along with the most important factors for healthcare providers who treat and manage affected patients. Initially, we identified 47 recommendations using the Delphi technique, after evaluating core propositions. We reduced these to the 20 most critical recommendations. Keywords: Adrenal incidentaloma; Practice guideline 중심 단어: ë¶€ì‹ ìš°ì—°ì¢ ; 임상진료지침

Clinical Guidelines for the Management of Adrenal Incidentaloma.

An adrenal incidentaloma is an adrenal mass found in an imaging study performed for other reasons unrelated to adrenal disease and often accompanied by obesity, diabetes, or hypertension. The prevalence and incidence of adrenal incidentaloma increase with age and are also expected to rise due to the rapid development of imaging technology and frequent imaging studies. The Korean Endocrine Society is promoting an appropriate practice guideline to meet the rising incidence of adrenal incidentaloma, in cooperation with the Korean Adrenal Gland and Endocrine Hypertension Study Group. In this paper, we discuss important core issues in managing the patients with adrenal incidentaloma. After evaluating core proposition, we propose the most critical 20 recommendations from the initially organized 47 recommendations by Delphi technique.

If Slow Rate Of Health Care Spending Growth Persists, Projections May Be Off By $770 Billion

Despite earlier forecasts to the contrary, US health care spending growth has slowed in the past four years, continuing a trend that began in the early 2000s. In this article we attempt to identify why US health care spending growth has slowed, and we explore the spending implications if the trend continues for the next decade. We find that the 2007-09 recession, a one-time event, accounted for 37 percent of the slowdown between 2003 and 2012. A decline in private insurance coverage and cuts to some Medicare payment rates accounted for another 8 percent of the slowdown, leaving 55 percent of the spending slowdown unexplained. We conclude that a host of fundamental changes--including less rapid development of imaging technology and new pharmaceuticals, increased patient cost sharing, and greater provider efficiency--were responsible for the majority of the slowdown in spending growth. If these trends continue during 2013-22, public-sector health care spending will be as much as $770 billion less than predicted. Such lower levels of spending would have an enormous impact on the US economy and on government and household finances.

Clinical Applications of Digital 2-D and 3-D Radiography for the Periodontist

Context: Although there has been rapid development of imaging technology within dentistry, there has been limited evidence-based research documenting the benefits of digital radiography.Evidence: We searched MEDLINE for relevant studies and review papers demonstrating clinical applications, limitations, and advancements within digital radiography.Evidence Synthesis: Two-dimensional (2-D) and 3-D digital radiography has become a powerful diagnostic tool for simple and complex procedures, including implant reconstruction. Recent advancements have reduced radiation exposure, increased resolution, and improved detection capabilities of complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) sensors. The current review summarizes such advances and outlines advanced CBCT implant-planning techniques.Conclusions: While evidence-based research grows, the logistic, diagnostic, and planning improvements of 2-D and 3-D digital radiography are irrefutable with the potential to supplant conventional techniques.

Recent advances in the imaging of adrenal and neuroendocrine tumours

The recent rapid development of imaging technology has revolutionised the detection of adrenal and neuroendocrine tumours by allowing more precise lesion characterisation and improving the staging of malignant disease. These developments are briefly reviewed below. Computed tomography (CT) remains

IMAGING OF THE CEREBRUM

The history of the development of cerebral imaging is a complex combination of the forces of innovation at both the individual and industrial levels. Principal paradigms of neuroimaging shifted as a result of technological breakthroughs, beginning with the discovery of x-rays and continuing with the development of computerized imaging to the latest imaging paradigm, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. We discuss these landmarks in neuroimaging in historical context, with emphasis on the particularly rapid development of imaging technology during the past 30 to 40 years, including the most recent emerging technologies.

Volumetric Harmonic Map

We develop two different techniques to study volume mapping problem in Computer Graphics and Medical Imaging fields. The first one is to find a harmonic map from a 3 manifold to a 3D solid sphere and the second is a sphere carving algorithm which calculates the simplicial decomposition of volume adapted to surfaces. We derive the 3D harmonic energy equation and it can be easily extended to higher dimensions. We use a textrehedral mesh to represent the volume data. We demonstrate our method on various solid 3D models. We suggest that 3D harmonic mapping of volume can provide a canonical coordinate system for feature identification and registration for computer animation and medical imaging. 1. Introduction. With the rapid development of imaging technology, there has been an explosive growth of three-dimensional (3D) image data collected from all kinds of physical sensors. The technique to process and analyze these image data becomes important. In this paper, we develop two different techniques to study volume mapping problem in Computer Graphics and Medical Imaging fields. One of our techniques is to compute a harmonic map from a 3 manifold to a 3D solid sphere. To the best of knowledge, it is the first work to practi- cally compute 3D harmonic map between 3D volumes. The other technique is to calculate the simplicial decomposition of volume adapted to surfaces. Compared with existed Finite Ele- ment Method (FEM) mesh generation, our new technique emphasizes geometry and topology sanity maintenance. The functional space on a manifold is determined by the manifold geometric character- istics. The harmonic spectrum can reflect many global geometric information of the mani- fold. Some applications on computer graphics and medical imaging fields, such as volume registration, shape analysis, etc. can be carried out by examining the behavior of special dif- ferential operators on it. In the literature, some researchers used harmonic map for surface matching (1) and the construction of conformal map for genus zero surfaces (2, 3). For 3D brain volume transformation research, Gee (4) studied brain volume matching with a gener- alized elastic matching method within a probabilistic framework. The approach can resolve issues that are less naturally addressed in a continuum mechanical setting. Ferrant et al. (5) presented an algorithm for non-rigid registration of 3D MR intraoperative image sequences showing brain shift. The 3D anatomic deformation field, in which surfaces are embedded, is then inferred from the displacements at the boundary surfaces using a biomechanical finite element model for the constituent objects. In 2D case, a harmonic map between two convex planar regions is diffeomorphic if and only if the restriction on the boundary is diffeomorphic. 3D harmonic map is much more

Low-field MR imaging--development in Finland.

The development project for application of MR imaging to diagnosis of internal hemorrhages was initiated by the Instrumentarium Corporation in 1978. The goal was to develop a diagnostic tool for emergency clinics. Due to the rapid development of imaging technology, the goal was changed to a cost-effective MR unit. During the past 16 years, several generations of low-field units have been introduced. Consequently, a vast amount of clinical and technical knowledge about low-field MR has been gained. The interest in low-field units is rapidly increasing. A part of this may be explained by the pressure to reduce the cost of health care. There are some features which make the low-field approach clinically interesting. These include the feasibility of open magnet configurations, and the availability of unique contrast parameters such as magnetization transfer and T1p. One important aspect is the inherent safety of a low-field MR unit. This article reviews the methods and devices introduced through the development of low-field technology in Finland.