Rapid Attacks Research Articles

Predicting offensive sector entry during transition moments in soccer

Transitions, rapid attacks after regaining possession, are a potent weapon, yet their lower frequency compared to organized attacks highlights a need for understanding factors that influence their success, particularly regarding offensive sector entry. This study investigates factors influencing the success of transitions, with a specific focus on predicting their ability to penetrate the opponent’s offensive sector. We analyzed 1911 ball recoveries from the 2018 to 2019 Greek SuperLeague. Chi-squared tests and binary logistic regression were employed to examine the influence of recovery type, number of defenders, passing patterns (including penetrative passes), and other variables on successful transitions. Our findings reveal that the likelihood of entering the offensive sector significantly increased when the ball was recovered in advanced areas, against fewer defenders, involved a high proportion of penetrative passes, and had a longer offensive sequence duration. This model provides a framework for predicting offensive sector entry during transitions, offering valuable insights for coaches seeking to optimize training drills and maximize transitional effectiveness.

An entropy and machine learning based approach for DDoS attacks detection in software defined networks

Software-defined networks (SDNs) have been growing rapidly due to their ability to provide an efficient network management approach compared to traditional methods. However, one of the major challenges facing SDNs is the threat of Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, which can severely impact network availability. Detecting and mitigating such attacks is challenging, given the constantly evolving range of attack techniques. In this paper, a novel hybrid approach is proposed that combines statistical methods with machine-learning capabilities to address the detection and mitigation of DDoS attacks in SDN environments. The statistical phase of the approach utilizes an entropy-based detection mechanism, while the machine-learning phase employs a clustering mechanism to analyze the impact of active users on the entropy of the system. The k-means algorithm is used for clustering. The proposed approach was experimentally evaluated using three modern datasets, namely, CIC-IDS2017, CSE-CIC-2018, and CICIDS2019. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the system in detecting and blocking sudden and rapid attacks, highlighting the potential of the proposed approach to significantly enhance security against DDoS attacks in SDN environments.

MLSTL-WSN: machine learning-based intrusion detection using SMOTETomek in WSNs

In the domain of cyber-physical systems, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) play a pivotal role as infrastructures, encompassing both stationary and mobile sensors. These sensors self-organize and establish multi-hop connections for communication, collectively sensing, gathering, processing, and transmitting data about their surroundings. Despite their significance, WSNs face rapid and detrimental attacks that can disrupt functionality. Existing intrusion detection methods for WSNs encounter challenges such as low detection rates, computational overhead, and false alarms. These issues stem from sensor node resource constraints, data redundancy, and high correlation within the network. To address these challenges, we propose an innovative intrusion detection approach that integrates machine learning (ML) techniques with the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique Tomek Link (SMOTE-TomekLink) algorithm. This blend synthesizes minority instances and eliminates Tomek links, resulting in a balanced dataset that significantly enhances detection accuracy in WSNs. Additionally, we incorporate feature scaling through standardization to render input features consistent and scalable, facilitating more precise training and detection. To counteract imbalanced WSN datasets, we employ the SMOTE-Tomek resampling technique, mitigating overfitting and underfitting issues. Our comprehensive evaluation, using the wireless sensor network dataset (WSN-DS) containing 374,661 records, identifies the optimal model for intrusion detection in WSNs. The standout outcome of our research is the remarkable performance of our model. In binary classification scenarios, it achieves an accuracy rate of 99.78%, and in multiclass classification scenarios, it attains an exceptional accuracy rate of 99.92%. These findings underscore the efficiency and superiority of our proposal in the context of WSN intrusion detection, showcasing its effectiveness in detecting and mitigating intrusions in WSNs.

An Analysis on Domestic Violence, Depression and Surge of Anger During the COVID-19 Outbreak in India

Covid-19, which is also referred to as Novel Coronavirus Disease, has begun in China and has rapidly crossed multiple national borders and infected people all over the world, where India has been severely affected by this outbreak in almost all sectors; as a result of the threat of the spread of this viral disease, India, at the beginning, has been forced to shut down all general activities and to force a tight lockdown to restrict human interactions. These sudden restrictions and orders have puzzled and affected the common public in many ways, such as emotionally, physically, financially, and career-wise, halting their potential improvements, and have also ruined many people's livelihoods and the rhythm of life in India. Although the process of unlocking has started and successfully implemented, at the time of post lockdown, people were not afraid of the coronavirus at the same time, due to the experiences of facing rapid attacks from new variants such as Delta, Delta Plus, and Omicron, triggered different psychological and social problems in the living society. In this connection, this research paper exclusively focuses on the sudden rise of domestic violence, depression, and surge of anger between people since the virus outbreak in India. This study covers various associated issues as well as views on financial and social issues and government actions to control the spread of the virus when these negative characteristics make the situation more vulnerable. Thus, through the findings and analysis of this paper, it is useful to know the pulse of common people in India and their tactics to handle these situations which also prevents negativity in people because of these crucial circumstances.

Theoretical and conceptual features of the implementation of state policy in the sphere of ensuring the rights and freedoms of persons with disabilities by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine under martial law

The article is devoted to the administrative and legal analysis of the implementation of state policy by the key subject of public administration in the field of social protection of persons with disabilities under martial law.
 It should be stressed (emphasized) that state policy is based on a complex approach of functional direction aimed at solving interrelated political and socio-economic problems with timely response to changes and innovations to overcome these problems in the state and society.
 The task of the Government, assigned to the sphere of social protection of persons with disabilities, is revealed, and the main normative legal acts of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine on ensuring compliance with human rights and freedoms, creating favorable conditions for the free and comprehensive development of the individual without barriers are analyzed. The peculiarities of the complex of measures guaranteed by the state and aimed at providing life support for persons with disabilities and groups with limited mobility have been clarified. Attention was drawn to the peculiarities of the implementation of this complex in the conditions of the state of war in which Ukraine is.
 It is specially noted, in the conditions of martial law and for the implementation of civil security measures, guaranteeing the provision of life-saving measures to all citizens of the country, persons with reduced mobility and persons with disabilities need additional assistance.
 The procedure for organizing notifications about the threat of occurrence or occurrence of emergency situations and organizing communication in the field of civil protection of persons with disabilities and mobile groups was analyzed; carrying out the evacuation of persons with disabilities and mobile groups in the event of the threat of occurrence or the occurrence of emergency situations.
 It has been established that in the conditions of martial law and the constant threat to life and health due to constant massive rocket attacks, and in some areas, the rapid fire attacks of residential communities, where civilians among them and those who are physically unable to take care of themselves die every day, are persons with various physical disabilities, low-mobility population groups, persons with disabilities.
 In this regard, there is an urgent need for the adoption of a special normative legal act defining the detection, notification and evacuation of persons with disabilities and other less mobile population groups during the period of emergency and military operations, with the definition of the subject of the implementation of these measures.

The Epidemiological and Clinical Manifestations of COVID-19 Variants in the Punjab Tertiary Care Hospitals

The first case of COVID-19 originated in China which then started spreading rapidly all over the world as a deadly pandemic. A huge number of people started to suffer due to the rapid attacks and virulent nature of the COVID-19 virus. This virus swiftly spreads from person to person. Initially considered as pneumonia due to similar signs and symptoms, with the passage of time its gravity was realized as compared to that of pneumonia. This virus attacks human respiratory system, damaging it to death. A survey was conducted during the pandemic to determine the prevalence and distribution of COVID-19 spread and its patient rate. Swabbed sticks were collected from different government and private hospitals following COVID-19 SOPs. A systematic data analysis was conducted by using different epidemiological tools to evaluate the prevalence and distribution rate of COVID across the country. Data was collected from all types of COVID-19 patients, including those on ventilator, admitted patients, patients with minor signs and symptoms, and patients having no symptoms but tested positive for COVID-19 by qRT-PCR. People who were already vaccinated were also included in this survey. A number of people showed positive vaccination effects, while most of them were not willing to receive vaccination. The study also illustrated that most of the patients who were admitted in hospitals showed severe symptoms, whereas some exhibited minor symptoms. It could be due to the fact that hospitals lack the facilities to accommodate every patient. Therefore, they only admit individuals with major symptoms and those having minor symptoms but with other complications. Whereas, patients with minor symptoms were referred to home isolation.

Continuing Medical Education Increases Knowledge, Competence, and Confidence Related to the Use of Non-Oral Acute Migraine Therapies Among Neurologists (P13-2.003)

Continuing Medical Education Increases Knowledge, Competence, and Confidence Related to the Use of Non-Oral Acute Migraine Therapies Among Neurologists (P13-2.003)

SOUTH CHINA SEA: ASYMMETRIC CONFLICTS. THE ROLE OF CHINESE PARAMILITARY FORCES

A new way in which China has tried to expand its control over the South China Sea for the past decade has been to engage paramilitary forces in its territorial disputes. These forces acted as auxiliary devices for the People`s Liberation Army, applying tactics specific to asymmetric conflicts, such as rapid and low-intensity attacks on foreign ships. The leading role was assumed by the People`s Armed Forces Maritime Militia, a structure made up of civilian personnel with military training and fishing vessels equipped with surveillance technology. These actions are part of China’s strategy to attribute its maritime aggression to civilian entities to hinder possible military responses from other countries and in particular from the United States. Using collective case studies, this article illustrated the dynamics of the coercive activities of the Chinese naval forces and the inability of affected states to deal with these unconventional threats. Keywords: South China Sea, asymmetric conflicts, paramilitary forces, maritime aggression, People’s Republic of China

Bio-Engineering of Pre-Vascularized Islet Organoids for the Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes.

Lack of rapid revascularization and inflammatory attacks at the site of transplantation contribute to impaired islet engraftment and suboptimal metabolic control after clinical islet transplantation. In order to overcome these limitations and enhance engraftment and revascularization, we have generated and transplanted pre-vascularized insulin-secreting organoids composed of rat islet cells, human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs), and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Our study demonstrates that pre-vascularized islet organoids exhibit enhanced in vitro function compared to native islets, and, most importantly, better engraftment and improved vascularization in vivo in a murine model. This is mainly due to cross-talk between hAECs, HUVECs and islet cells, mediated by the upregulation of genes promoting angiogenesis (vegf-a) and β cell function (glp-1r, pdx1). The possibility of adding a selected source of endothelial cells for the neo-vascularization of insulin-scereting grafts may also allow implementation of β cell replacement therapies in more favourable transplantation sites than the liver.

Effects of Thermal Conductive Materials on the Freeze-Thaw Resistance of Concrete.

To solve the problem of black ice, many studies are being carried out. The key in recent days is enhancing the thermal conductivity of concrete. In this study, to improve the thermal conductivity, silicon carbide was used to substitute 50% and 100% of the fine aggregate. In addition, steel fiber is not only for enhancing the mechanical properties but could enhance thermal conductive material. Hence, the arched-type steel fiber was used up to a 1% volume fraction in this study. Furthermore, graphite was used for 5% of the volume fraction for enhancing the thermal conductivity. However, thermal damage would occur due to the difference in thermal conductivity between materials. Therefore, the thermal durability must be verified first. The target application of the concrete in this study was its use as road paving material. To evaluate the thermal durability, freeze–thaw and rapid cyclic thermal attacks were performed. The thermal conductivity of the specimens was increased with the increase in thermal conductive materials. Graphite has already been reported to have a negative effect on mechanical properties, and the results showed that this was the case. However, the steel fiber compensated for the negative effect of graphite, and the silicon carbide provided a filler effect. Graphite also had a negative effect on the freeze–thaw and rapid cyclic thermal attack, but the steel fiber compensated for the reduction in thermal durability. The silicon carbide also helped to improve the thermal durability in the same way as steel fiber. Comprehensively, the steel fiber enhanced all of the properties of the tests. Using 100% silicon carbide was considered the acceptable range, but 50% of silicon carbide was the best. Graphite decreased all the properties except for the thermal conductivity. Therefore, the content of graphite or using other conductive materials used should be carefully considered in further studies.

RETRACTED: Business English visualization system based on video surveillance and the internet of things

Internet of Things (IoT) quickly changed the interaction between people and technology. With the support of the latest advances in networking, communications, computers, software and hardware technology, the Internet has completely classified in turmoil. It is considered to be the next breakthrough technology, the implementation of the network through physical objects Internet access can bring many benefits to the potential prestige. The sword is "safe." Considering the potential of the Internet of Things efficient, an IP-based wireless sensor network (WSN) is still a wide range of uses, challenged some aspects of safety warnings in this article. WSN text. In particular, it proposes a new threat visualization tool for the network, such as the so-called VIoT. A vision-based human interaction anomaly detection security attacks can be detected by several catastrophic forms, including VIoT monitoring and rapid attacks and civil wormhole attack system. Based on strict radial visual design, VisIoT can open the enemy for wireless sensor networks to combat IP-enabled or more simultaneous attacks. The number of simulated attack scenarios demonstrates the effectiveness of visual effects and complex security threats anomaly detection system is exposed.

The Holling Type II Population Model Subjected to Rapid Random Attacks of Predator

We present the analysis of a mathematical model of the dynamics of interacting predator and prey populations with the Holling type random trophic function under the assumption of random time interval passage between predator attacks on prey. We propose a stochastic approximation algorithm for quantitative analysis of the above model based on the probabilistic limit theorem. If the predators’ gains and the time intervals between predator attacks are sufficiently small, our proposed method allows us to derive an approximative average dynamical system for mathematical expectations of population dynamics and the stochastic Ito differential equation for the random deviations from the average motion. Assuming that the averaged dynamical system is the classic Holling type II population model with asymptotically stable limit cycle, we prove that the dynamics of stochastic model may be approximated with a two-dimensional Gaussian Markov process with unboundedly increasing variances.

Escape distance and escape latency following simulated rapid bird attacks in an Andean lizard, Phymaturus williamsi

AbstractPredatory birds represent the greatest risk for many lizard species. However, little is known about the functional relationship between the escape distance and escape latency of lizards during a rapid bird attack. We hypothesised that escape latency and distance in the Andean lizard speciesPhymaturus williamsiwould increase proportionally, but vary according to the means of escape. Over a three-year period we observed seven types of antipredatory behaviour in 98%P. williamsilizards on simulated predatory bird attacks. Escape distance and latency were positively correlated. 65% of lizards emerged from their refuge within 2 min of an attack. All of these behaviours were positively correlated with escape latency and distance, although we found the former to be more precise. This study contributes to a better understanding of the general antipredatory behaviour in this species of Andean lizard, and will assist in future decisions concerning its conservation.

Influence of envelope waveform on ITD sensitivity of neurons in the auditory midbrain.

Interaural time differences (ITDs) conveyed by the modulated envelopes of high-frequency sounds can serve as a cue for localizing a sound source. Klein-Hennig et al. (J Acoust Soc Am 129: 3856, 2011) demonstrated the envelope attack (the rate at which stimulus energy in the envelope increases) and the duration of the pause (the interval between successive envelope pulses) as important factors affecting sensitivity to envelope ITDs in human listeners. Modulated sounds with rapid attacks and long pauses produce the lowest ITD discrimination thresholds. The duration of the envelope's sustained component (sustain) and the rate at which stimulus energy falls at the offset of the envelope (decay) are only minor factors. We assessed the responses of 71 single neurons, recorded from the midbrains of 15 urethane-anesthetized tri-colored guinea pigs, to envelope shapes in which the four envelope components, i.e., attack, sustain, decay, and pause, were systematically varied. We confirmed the importance of the attack and pause components in generating ITD-sensitive responses. Analysis of neural firing rates demonstrated more neurons (49/71) show ITD sensitivity in response to "damped" stimuli (fast attack and slow decay) compared with "ramped" stimuli (slow attack and fast decay) (14/71). Furthermore, the lowest threshold for the damped stimulus (91 μs) was lower by a factor of 4 than that for the temporally reversed ramped envelope shape (407 μs). The data confirm the importance of fast attacks and optimal pause durations in generating sensitivity to ITDs conveyed in the modulated envelopes of high-frequency sounds and are incompatible with models of ITD processing based on the integration of sound energy over time.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Using single-neuron electrophysiology, we show that the precise shape of a sound's "energy envelope" is a critical factor in determining how well midbrain neurons are able to convey information about auditory spatial cues. Consistent with human behavioral performance, sounds with rapidly rising energy and relatively long intervals between energy bursts are best at conveying spatial information. The data suggest specific sound energy patterns that might best be applied to hearing devices to aid spatial listening.

Natural history observations and predatory behaviour of a long-legged jumping spider, Megaloastia mainae (Araneae: Salticidae)

ABSTRACTThe behaviour and natural history of Megaloastia mainae, a long-legged salticid spider that appears to be endemic to northwest Australia, was investigated under natural conditions in the Kimberley Region of Western Australia. Megaloastia mainae is commonly found on rock escarpments, where it spends most of its time on downward-facing horizontal surfaces of large rocks. The diet of M. mainae comprises a variety of insects and spiders, including other salticids and web-building spiders. Megaloastia mainae builds large nests on the surface of the rock escarpment, which are generally occupied for at least several weeks. Contrary to previous reports, we found no evidence that M. mainae builds a prey-capture web or uses its nest as a predatory device. Megaloastia mainae is active during the day, and usually remains within 2 m of its nest. Megaloastia mainae orients to face prey from up to 1.2 m, and can move very quickly across the rock escarpment. Hunting is generally by slow stalking approaches, followed by rapid attacks. The elongated legs of M. mainae may be the result of selection for rapid locomotion in inverted environments. We also found that M. mainae that built nests close to conspecifics were more likely to be missing legs, suggesting that agonistic interactions might be an important source of injury for these spiders.

Engagement areas of missiles in the proportional navigated flight powered by air breathing engines

The goals of this research are to test the relationships of appropriate nonline of site (NLOS) missile flight performances and conditionally created their tactical ranges, spaces zones and shooting time during employment on the surface targets. Flight maneuver of distance remote controlled NLOS missile is tested with the conditionally joint constrains coming from flight kinematics with turbo-jet engine of NLOS missile and manner of target motion, typical of rapid reaction attacks. The constraints of maneuverability and flight, in the cruise phase, are considered as the mass point motion to create both unguided (searching) and guided navigated kinematical trajectories, which was designed by the appropriate guidance law. Research used numerical methods to simulate NLOS missile and targets motions in horizontal plane by controlling line of target (LOT) referred at the appropriate flight height. This generates borders of target impact and launching areas, establishes NLOS missile operation time, as well as masses variations for the expected manner of battle flight. .

General and crevice corrosion study of the in-wall shielding materials for ITER vacuum vessel

Vacuum vessel In-Wall Shield (IWS) will be inserted between the inner and outer shells of the ITER vacuum vessel. The behaviour of IWS in the vacuum vessel especially concerning the susceptibility to crevice of shielding block assemblies could cause rapid and extensive corrosion attacks. Even galvanic corrosion may be due to different metals in same electrolyte. IWS blocks are not accessible until life of the machine after closing of vacuum vessel. Hence, it is necessary to study the susceptibility of IWS materials to general corrosion and crevice corrosion under operations of ITER vacuum vessel. Corrosion properties of IWS materials were studied by using (i) Immersion technique and (ii) Electro-chemical Polarization techniques. All the sample materials were subjected to a series of examinations before and after immersion test, like Loss/Gain weight measurement, SEM analysis, and Optical stereo microscopy, measurement of surface profile and hardness of materials. After immersion test, SS 304B4 and SS 304B7 showed slight weight gain which indicate oxide layer formation on the surface of coupons. The SS 430 material showed negligible weight loss which indicates mild general corrosion effect. On visual observation with SEM and Metallography, all material showed pitting corrosion attack. All sample materials were subjected to series of measurements like Open Circuit potential, Cyclic polarization, Pitting potential, protection potential, Critical anodic current and SEM examination. All materials show pitting loop in OC2 operating condition. However, its absence in OC1 operating condition clearly indicates the activity of chloride ion to penetrate oxide layer on the sample surface, at higher temperature. The critical pitting temperature of all samples remains between 100° and 200°C.

Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum ) develop a more robust body shape under organic rearing

Prolonged exposure to captive conditions has led to the development of a rainbow trout ‘farmed’ pheno- type, which is different from that of wild trout. Selec- tion for desirable productive traits in hatcheries has resulted in the development of some morphological traits that are maladaptive in nature. The recent development of organic aquaculture, guided by the well-being of the fish, could potentially produce a new farmed phenotype that would be more adaptive in nature. In this study, rainbow trout reared in intensive and organic farms were compared by means of shape analysis, to detect patterns of shape variation associated with rearing environment. The results of this study highlight a significant effect of the rearing method on rainbow trout shape: organi- cally reared trout showed a higher body profile, in particular in the head and trunk regions, shorter median fins and a deeper caudal peduncle. A combined effect of density and habitat complexity could have contributed to the observed shape differences: in organic rearing systems, lower densi- ties and steady water could increase territoriality and aggressive interactions, promoting body designs more functional in rapid attacks and escapes.

Prevention and treatment of cluster headache

AbstractCluster headache is an excruciatingly painful primary headache syndrome with rapid onset attacks that are relatively short, typically up to three hours. Management strategies involve avoidance of possible triggers to attacks, such as alcohol and naps, and pharmacological treatments aimed at either quickly aborting acute attacks, or preventive therapies to suppress the attacks entirely, or reduce their frequency, severity or duration. Copyright © 2009 Wiley Interface Ltd

A new global malaria eradication strategy

A new global malaria eradication strategy