Range Of Spicules Research Articles

Three new species of the genus Aporcelaimoides Heyns, 1965 from Vietnam (Nematoda, Dorylaimida, Aporcelaimidae), with an updated taxonomy of the genus.

Three new species of Aporcelaimoides from natural habitats in Vietnam are studied, described and illustrated, including line drawings, LM and/or SEM pictures. Aporcelaimoides brevistylum sp. n. is characterized by its body 1.95–2.90 mm long, lip region offset by deep constriction and 17–18 µm broad, ventral side of mural odontostyle 11–14 µm long with aperture occupying 62–71% of its length, neck 663–767 µm long, pharyngeal expansion occupying 58–66% of total neck length, uterus a simple tube 85–182 µm long, pars refringens vaginae absent, V = 55–63, tail short and rounded (34–46 µm, c = 49–76, c’ = 0.6–0.8), spicules 67–86 µm long, and one ventromedian supplement out the range of spicules. Aporcelaimoides minor sp. n. is distinguished in having body 2.09–2.61 mm long, lip region offset by deep constriction and 19–20 µm broad, mural odontostyle 14–16 µm long at its ventral side with aperture occupying 73–84% of its length, neck 579–649 µm long, pharyngeal expansion occupying 57–66% of total neck length, uterus a simple tube 44–69 µm long, pars refringens vaginae well developed, V = 48–56, female tail very short, rounded conoid or truncate (14–26 µm, c = 90–146, c’ = 0.3–0.6), and male unknown. Aporcelaimoides silvaticum sp. n. is characterized by its body 2.09–2.60 mm long, lip region offset by depression and 17–18 µm broad, mural odontostyle 11–12 µm long at its ventral side with aperture occupying 60–66% of its length, neck 597–720 µm long, pharyngeal expansion occupying 58–64% of total neck length, uterus a simple tube 128–243 µm long, pars refringens vaginae well developed, V = 58–60, tail short and rounded (27–37 µm, c = 67–94, c’ = 0.6–0.7), spicules 64–75 µm long, and two or three widely spaced ventromedian supplements bearing hiatus. The genus Aporcelaimoides is restored, its diagnosis emended, and three species of Sectonema, namely Sectonema amazonicum, Sectonema haguei and Sectonema moderatum, transferred to it. An updated list of its species, a key to their identification and a tabular compendium with the most important morphometric features are also presented.

New data of three rare belondirid species (Nematoda, Dorylaimida, Belondiridae) fromVietnam, with the first record and description of the male of Oxybelondiraparaperplexa Ahmad & Jairajpuri, 1979.

Three rare nematode species of the family Belondiridae, originally described from and only known to occur in India are recorded for the first time in Vietnam: Axonchium thoubalicum, Belondira murtazai and Oxybelondira paraperplexa. It is the first report of these three genera in this country. The three species are described, including new morphological data, morphometrics and light microscope pictures. The male of Oxybelondira paraperplexa is collected and described for the first time. It is characterized by its 1.54 mm long body, ad-cloacal pair of genital papillae situated at 9.0 µm from the cloacal aperture, only one ventromedian supplement located at 15 µm from the ad-cloacal pair within the range of spicules, spicules slightly curved ventrad and 42 µm long (7 times as long as wide and 2 times as long as cloacal body diameter), and tail 100 µm long (c = 15, c’ = 5) and similar to that of the female.

Description of two new and five known species of the genus Axonchium Cobb, 1920 (Nematoda : Dorylamida) from India with diagnostic compendia and keys to species of the genera Axonchium and Syncheilaxonchium Coomans & Nair, 1975

Two new and six known species of soil-inhabiting nematodes belonging to the genus Axonchium Cobb, 1920 are describedand illustrated from India. Axonchium meghalayense n. sp. is characterized by its body length (1.6–1.9 mm), odontostylelength (9.5–10 µm), the presence of a short isthmus-like structure between the anterior and posterior parts of the pharynx,and rounded tail. The vagina in females is slightly bent posteriad, and the anterior uterine branch is a long sac. Males have41 µm long spicules, lateral guiding pieces with bifurcated distal ends, and five ventromedian supplements starting abovethe range of spicules. Body length in A. noreasum n. sp. is 1.0–1.5 mm, its odontostyle is 7–10 µm long, and the two partsof the pharynx abut each other. Females have a posteriorly directed vagina, and an anterior uterine branch 45–138 µmlong. Males have two well-spaced ventromedian supplements, spicules 30–36 µm long and conoid tail. Axonchiumamplicolle Cobb, 1920; Axonchium bulbosum Williams, 1958; Axonchium elegans Jairajpuri, 1964; Axonchium neoeletumRahman, Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1985; Axonchium phukani Rahman, Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1985; Axonchium parasaccatumRahman, Jairajpuri & Ahmad, 1985 are redescribed. Three recently described species, Axonchium sturhani Naz et al.,2007, A. parassaculum Naz et al., 2007 and A. singaporense Ahmad & Naz, 2010, because of their continuous lip regionwith amalgamated lips are transferred to the genus Syncheilaxonchium as S. sturhani (Naz et al., 2007) n. comb., S.parassaculum (Naz et al., 2007) n. comb. and S. singaporense (Ahmad & Naz, 2010b) n. comb. Keys and compendia to the species of the genera Axonchium and Syncheilaxonchium Coomans & Nair, 1975 are also provided.

Two remarkable new species of the genus Crassolabium Yeates, 1967 from Vietnam (Nematoda: Dorylaimida: Qudsianematidae)

Two new species of the genus Crassolabium are described from natural areas in Vietnam. Crassolabium aenigmaticum sp. nov. is characterized by its body 1.23–1.58 mm long, lip region continuous, odontostyle 17.0–19.0 μm long, neck 320.0–397.0 μm long, uterus tripartite, pars refringens vaginae with two triangular pieces separated by an intermediate sclerotized area, V = 54–59, vulva longitudinal, tail short and rounded in both sexes, spicules 43.0–48.0 μm long, and seven to eight spaced ventromedian supplements. C. vietnamense sp. nov. can be distinguished in having body 1.55–1.88 mm long, lip region offset by constriction, odontostyle 19.5–22.0 μm long, neck 370.0–448.0 μm long, uterus very long and tripartite, pars refringens vaginae with two close together pieces, V = 55–59, vulva transverse and usually covered with a plug, tail short and rounded in both sexes, spicules 53.0–55.0 μm long, and eight to nine spaced ventromedian supplements, two of them within the range of spicules.

Four new and one known species of Belondiroidea (Dorylaimida: Nematoda) from Japan

Four new and one known species of Belondiroidea Thorne, 1939 are reported from Japan. Axonchium mizukuboi sp. nov. has isthmus-like constriction between two parts of pharynx; rectangular pars refringens vaginae; spicules with thickened distal end; seven ventromedian supplements starting above the range of spicules and hemispheroid tail. Axonchium japonicum sp. nov. also has short isthmus-like structure between two parts of pharynx; triangular pars refringens vaginae; massive spicules with thickened distal tip and 9–10 ventromedian supplements. Dorylaimellus (D.) japonicus sp. nov. has 0.9–1.0 mm long body; poorly flanged odontophore; pharyngeal expansion 54–65% of neck length; 22–25 μm long, strongly ventrally arcuate spicules; four ventromedian supplements and elongate conoid tail with subacute terminus. Dorylaimellus (Axodorylaimellus) paracrassidens sp. nov. has 0.4–0.5 mm long body; slender odontostyle; pharyngeal expansion 48–57% of neck length; transverse vulva; long prerectum and short conoid tail. Axonchium amplicolle Cobb, 1920 is reported for the first time from Japan.

Ecanema ecae gen. n., sp. n. (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) from Costa Rica

AbstractEcanema gen. n. is described from natural forest in Costa Rica. The new genus is characterised by having distinctly offset lip region, separate lips with distinctly projecting labial papillae, attenuated odontostyle, pharynx rather sac-like, apparently divisible into three regions, large S1N1, distinct cardiac glands, amphidelphic female genital system, short conoid tail and supplements beginning within the range of spicules in males. The type and only species, E. ecae sp. n., is characterised by having 0.87-0.98 mm long body; 19.5-20.5 μm long odontostyle; expanded part of pharynx comprising 36-41% of total neck length; pars refringens vaginae sclerotised and about one anal body diam. long, and conoid tail with acute terminus.