Radiography In Hospitals Research Articles

Patients effective dose estimation during AP pelvis radiography in some hospitals of Al Najaf city, Iraq

Background: Monitoring patients radiation dose during anterior-posterior (AP) pelvis radiography is of paramount importance. This is due to the existence of the gonads within the pelvic region. Objective: The purpose of this work is to estimate effective dose (ED) for adult patients who examined for AP pelvis radiography in the governmental hospitals of Al Najaf city-Iraq. Materials and methods: The ED was estimated for 64 patients (male and female) who undertaking AP pelvis radiography using CALDOSE-X5 Monte Carlo software. The calculation of the ED was based on the measurements of X-ray tube output and the knowledge of exposure factors. The X- ray output was measured using Rad-Check ionization chamber for each X-ray tube. In total, seven X-ray tubes were enrolled to assess the patients’ ED. Exposure factors includes tube potential (kVp), tube loading (mAs) and X-ray source to image detector distance-SID (cm)); these were recorded for each patient together with their demographic data (weight(kg) and height(m)). Five major hospitals were considered in this work (i.e. Al Sadder, Al Hakeem, Al Furat, Al Manzrah and Middel Euphrates cancer center). Results: The average value of the estimated ED was ranged from 0.156±0.041 mSv to 0.4068±0.049 mSv across all hospitals. The value of max/min of the ED was ranged from 1.25 to 2.58 across different hospitals. The corresponding average values of the kVp used for this examination was ranged from 75 to 113.75 kVp; mAs: ranged from 11.7 to 42.1 mAs and for the SID the range was between 100 and 140.6 cm. Conclusion: The resulted data demonstrate there is a clear variability in patient dose and exposure factors set among the selected hospitals. The ED values were seen to be slightly lower than those reported by the UK (Survey-2010, 0.284 mSv) and were higher than those reported by certain countries (e.g. Canada, Ghana etc.). Overall, a periodic checking together with conducting a quality control testing is highly recommended.

Awareness Assessment of Nurses in the OR, ICU, CCU, and PICU About Radiation Protection Principles of Portable Radiography in Hospitals of Bandar Abbas, Iran

Utilization of ionizing radiation as portable radiography sometimes is necessary in surgery operations, intensive care units, coronary care units, and pediatric intensive care units that may cause radiation exposure to personnel. The aim of this study was the evaluation of nurses' awareness level about radiation protection principles of the portable radiography in emergency care units. The study was performed on nurses working at two hospitals in Bandar Abbas. For data collection, a researcher-made questionnaire including two sections was used. The first section was related to demographic information of the nurses. The second section included questions related to the nurses' awareness in three fields, including radiation physics, radiation protection, and radiation hazards. Finally, the data were analyzed using the SPSS, version 11.5 software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). The result showed that there was no significant difference between the level of awareness in male and female nurses (p = .565). Also, there was not a significant difference between the nurses' awareness about radiation protection principles with work experience and workplace (p = .393 and .337, respectively). However, there was a significant difference between the nurses' awareness about radiation protection and education level (p = .016). According to the results of this study, nurses' awareness about radiation protection principles is not good, especially among nurses with an associate degree. It seems that their educational level and awareness of potential hazards associated with the use of radiographic examinations need to be increased. To achieve this goal, implementation of periodic training courses for these personnel could be an effective method.

Low hospital referral rates of school scoliosis screening positives in an urban district of mainland China.

Significant prevalence rates of adolescent scoliosis in China were suggested in previous studies. However, school screenings for adolescent scoliosis have been suspended due to low rates of positive detection under the past screening system in China. The present study was undertaken to screen for adolescent scoliosis in middle school students under a modern assessment system in a district of Shanghai. We performed a population-based, cross-sectional study of a middle school scoliosis screening program in the Jingan district. In 2015, schoolchildren were initially screened by visual inspection of clinical signs and the forward-bending test. Suspected cases were referred for radiography in hospital for scoliosis diagnosis. A total of 5327 middle school students (grades 6–8) were screened with 520 (9.76%) positives (the positive rates of girls and boys at 15.28% and 4.59%, respectively) and no statistically significant difference among grades. Only 301 positives (57.9%) followed the referral for hospital radiography. There were 102 cases (33.9%) that were diagnosed with scoliosis by radiography criteria (Cobb angle ≥10°) including mild scoliosis (Cobb 10–25) for 94 cases and moderate scoliosis (Cobb 25–40) for 8 cases, and false-positives (Cobb 0) for 39 cases. The putative prevalence rate was estimated as 1.9% from the referred students. Under an accurate and modern assessment system, school screenings can detect scoliosis at a significant rate, but awareness of scoliosis risks is needed for residents in China to take up referrals for hospital diagnosis after school screenings.

RADIOGRAPHY IN HOSPITAL PRACTICE

Medical Journal of AustraliaVolume 2, Issue 4 p. 85-85 Correspondence RADIOGRAPHY IN HOSPITAL PRACTICE First published: 01 July 1918 https://doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1918.tb32598.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume2, Issue4July 1918Pages 85-85 RelatedInformation