Purpose: Radiographic joint space width (JSW) is an FDA-accepted measure of structure in randomized controlled trials. The distribution and natural history of JSW among healthy knees as compared to diseased knees has not been established. Our objective is to compare sex-specific distributions of medial and lateral fixed JSW (fJSW) among healthy knees, as compared to JSW among knees with symptomatic radiographic knee OA (SxROA). Methods: We identified healthy knees from the OAI, defined as knees with no evidence of OA (i.e., Kellgren-Lawrence grade [KLG] grade 0) and without reported frequent knee pain (i.e., pain on more than half the days of the past 30 days). SxROA knees were defined as KLG 2 or 3 with frequent knee pain. We estimated the distribution of medial fJSW(x=0.250) from fixed flexion PA radiographs for healthy knees and knees with SxROA during OAI follow-up, using age as the metameter of time. We fitted a mixed model with random intercepts and slopes to account for repeated measures within knees and knees within participants, and estimated the difference in mean medial fJSW for men and women, as well as sex-specific rates of JSW loss. Results: The sample consisted of 993 participants who contributed 1,294 knees with at least one healthy timepoint, for a total of 4,705 healthy timepoint observations; 1,159 participants who contributed 1,502 knees with at least one SxKL2 timepoint for a total of 3,130 SxKL2 timepoint observations; and 909 participants who contributed 1,133 knees with at least one SxKL3 timepoint for a total of 2,345 SxKL3 timepoint observations. Figure 1 shows the distribution of medial fJSW in healthy knees from age 45 to 85 for men and women. Among healthy knees, the estimated mean medial fJSW was greater in men compared to women (difference of 0.94 mm; [95%CI: 0.82, 1.07]. The mean rate of medial fJSW loss was -0.45 mm (95%CI: -0.54, -0.38) over 10 years for men, and -0.31 (95%CI: -0.39, -0.24) over 10 years for women, a difference of 0.14 (95%CI: 0.04, 0.25). As shown in Figure 2, compared to healthy knees (2a), there is greater heterogeneity in the distribution of medial fJSW in KL2 and KLG 3 knees with SxROA (Figures 2b and 2c, respectively). Conclusions: The natural history of medial fJSW among healthy knees is gradual loss with age. Heterogeneity of medial fJSW in healthy knees was observed at all ages between 45 and 85 years. Among healthy knees, women had less fJSW than men across the spectrum of age, though women lost medial fJSW at a lower rate with age compared to men. While the distributions of medial fJSW in healthy knees and those with SxROA overlapped considerably, the distribution of medial fJSW in knees with SxROA exhibited greater heterogeneity compared to healthy knees. These findings aid our understanding of the natural history of fJSW among healthy knees and knees with SxROA and provides information for the planning and interpretation of OA clinical trials.Figure2Medial Fixed Joint Space Width in Healthy Knees and Knees with SymptomaticRadiographic Osteoarthritis.View Large Image Figure ViewerDownload Hi-res image Download (PPT)