ObjectiveTo evaluate clinical efficacy of low-temperature plasma radiofrequency ablation in children with pyriform fossa fistula. MethodsFrom June 2015 to August 2021, 80 children with pyriform fossa fistula who underwent low-temperature plasma radiofrequency ablation to occlude internal fistula in our hospital were included in this retrospective study. Antibiotics were routinely used for 3–5 days after operation. Indwelling gastric tube was given for 5–7 days, and nasal feeding was given. The curative effect, recurrence rate and incidence of postoperative complications were observed. ResultsThere were 67 cases of left pyriform fossa fistula and 13 cases of right pyriform fossa fistula. The average follow-up time was 16 months. During postoperative follow-up, 2 cases recurred, and the recurrence rate was 2.5%. The recurrence time was 10–21 months after operation. Temporary hoarseness occurred in 7 children after operation and recovered within 3 months after discharge. Children developed one or several clinical symptoms, such as choking cough, dysphagia, infection and esophageal injury. ConclusionLow-temperature plasma radiofrequency ablation has the advantages of low recurrence rate and incidence of postoperative complication rate for internal fistula closure in children with pyriform fossa fistula. It is a safe and effective treatment for children without surgical contraindications.