Radio Frequency Identification Technique Research Articles

Inkjet-Printed Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Dispersion as Wireless Passive Strain Sensor.

In this study, a multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) dispersion is used as an ink for a single-nozzle inkjet printing system to produce a planar coil that can be used to determine strain wirelessly. The MWCNT dispersion is non-covalently functionalized by dispersing the CNTs in an anionic surfactant, namely sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The fabrication parameters, such as sonication energy and centrifugation time, are optimized to obtain an aqueous suspension suitable for an inkjet printer. Planar coils with different design parameters are printed on a flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) polymer substrate. The design parameters include a different number of windings, inner diameter, outer diameter, and deposited layers. The electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis is employed to characterize the printed planar coils, and an equivalent electrical circuit model is derived based on the results. Additionally, the radio frequency identification technique is utilized to wirelessly investigate the read-out mechanism of the printed planar MWCNT coils. The complex impedance of the inductively coupled sensor undergoes a shift under strain, allowing for the monitoring of changes in resonance frequency and bandwidth (i.e., amplitude). The proposed wireless strain sensor exhibits a remarkable gauge factor of 22.5, which is nearly 15 times higher than that of the wireless strain sensors based on conventional metallic strain gauges. The high gauge factor of the proposed sensor suggests its high potential in a wide range of applications, such as structural health monitoring, wearable devices, and soft robotics.

Efficacy of the Radiofrequency Identification Technique in Breast Cancer Patients: A Single Institution Retrospective Study.

Breast conserving surgery is an excellent option in the treatment of breast cancer. To achieve a good result with this modality, a surgeon needs to identify and excise the tumor with adequate margins. The radiofrequency identification (RFID) technique is a wireless localization technique used for intraoperative breast lesion identification. We assessed the efficacy and outcomes of the RFID technique in breast cancer patients at our institution. This is a single institution, retrospective study (BSMH 22-02X-MWH) of 73 patients. We analyzed the medical records of women with biopsy-proven breast cancer from June 2020 to August 2022; participants received surgical care at Mercy Health West Hospital. Data collected included demographics, clinicopathological characteristics, and surgical procedure. The primary objective was to determine the safety and efficacy of RFID. The secondary objective was to assess the impact of obesity and breast density on the RFID outcomes. A total of 73 female patients met the eligibility criteria with stage I (59%) and grade 1 (51%) breast cancer with mean age of at diagnosis of 66.8 years and mean body mass index of 31.4 kg/m2. Patients had invasive ductal carcinoma (61%), hormonal positive (56%), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative (68%) disease. All RFID tags were placed under image guidance with 100% accuracy of placement with no evidence of migration or procedure revision. Ninety percent of patients had free surgical margins and only seven patients needed margin re-excision with successful removal of the lesion and the tag. RFID localization technique is a safe, effective and reliable procedure that results in favorable patient outcomes and quality of life.

RFID trial: localization of non-palpable breast lesions using radiofrequency identification tags or wire

BackgroundBreast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in women. Approximately 50% of breast cancers are discovered at an early stage in patients for whom conservative surgery is indicated. Intraoperative localization of non-palpable breast lesions is generally accomplished using a hook wire to mark the area of concern under ultrasound or stereotactic localization. But this technique has several drawbacks (painful, stressful…). We propose the use of a wire-free breast lesion system using miniature radiofrequency identification (RFID) tags. This technique could improve patient comfort and surgical comfort for surgeons. We therefore propose a study to assess the interest of introducing the RFID localization technique at the Jean PERRIN comprehensive cancer center.MethodsThis is a single-center prospective trial designed to assess the interest in introducing the RFID localization technique at the Jean Perrin center. It aims to show the superiority of the RFID technique in terms of patient tolerance compared to the gold-standard (hook wire). A sequential inclusion in time will be performed: 20 inclusions in the gold-standard group, then 20 patients in the RFID group before repeating the inclusion scheme. Any patient requiring preoperative localization will receive a senology consultation. The RFID tag will be placed during this consultation. The hook wire localization will be done the day before the surgery. Patients will fill out a Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HAD) questionnaire at the time of inclusion. They will then fill out a satisfaction questionnaire in 2 steps: during the placement of the device (RFID tag or hook wire) or during the postoperative consultation at 1 month. Radiologists and surgeons will fill out a questionnaire to evaluate the localization technique, respectively after the localization and surgery procedures.DiscussionThe RFID study is the first study in France which specifically assesses the interest of the RFID localization in terms of patients comfort. Patient comfort is one of the key elements to take into consideration when managing patients in oncology and new technologies such as RFID tags could improve it.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov ID; NCT04750889 registered on February 11, 2021.

A Review on Location Based Efficient Road Toll Collection System using RFID and NPRS Techniques

The road traffic controlling and road toll collections are became one of the challenging tasks in most of the developing and developed countries. The tollgate systems doesn’t account and verify from which particular place (source) the vehicle is started or joined that concern toll road and up to which particular point (destination) it reached/left/disjoined/used the road. If a toll road is of 60 KM length and a vehicle X started 05 KM away from its tollgate and another same category vehicle Y starts from 60 KM away will have to pay same charges. These existing systems are unable to tell which vehicles are using how much road services and accordingly how much should they pay for it. Therefore, specifically in Indian state highways are concern, road toll collection systems are not efficient and not justifying with the road pricing practices with vehicle owners. Due to these, most of the vehicle owners and passengers are facing numerous types of problems while travelling from one place to another place by road. To solve these issues, I tried to propose an efficient location based road toll collection system using RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) and NPRS (Number Plate Recognition System) techniques in this paper. The proposed model will help to collect toll charges efficiently from all vehicle owners as per their road usage.

Telemetry Transmission to Support Bidirectional Communication for Capsule Endoscope Using Human Body Communication

This letter proposes telemetry transmission for a capsule endoscope using human body communication. A passive-type radio frequency identification technique is used to transmit a telemetry signal at 13.56 MHz from the outside of a human body to a capsule endoscope. Due to passive-type telemetry receiving, no power is consumed inside the endoscope for telemetry transmission. Telemetry transmission allows bidirectional communication support for the capsule endoscopy.

Application of Radio frequency identification technique in Developing Countries

Radio frequency identification (RFID) technique is a practice for managing the supply Chain of healthcare. Technique of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) not just offers following ability of different resources continuously, yet in addition gives productive and exact access to healthcare information for specialists and other experts of healthcare sector. The primary challenge faced by RFID is its acceptance and utilization by doctors and medical attendants only. This paper utilizes semi-organized questionnaires on RFID advisors, scientists, and medical hospitals directors/doctors. Information was gathered from 150 doctors and attendants/nurses. The development of RFID adoption in the developing countries is still in the initial phase. The significant barriers, advantages, application and critical success factors of RFID have been recognized in this paper. This study adds to the developing interest for understanding the RFID adoption in the healthcare services industry. The motivation behind this research is to understand the current opportunities, potential advantages of RFID adoption in Indian healthcare industry.

Trust-Based Authentication for Smart Home Systems

Smart home systems are developed to interconnect and automate household appliances and create ubiquitous home services. Such a system is mainly driven by the communications among Internet-of-Things (IoT) objects along with Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) technologies, where the RFID techniques in the IoT network are commonly prone to malicious attacks due to the inherent weaknesses of underlying wireless radio communications. Thus, it causes the smart home systems vulnerable to some active attacks such as the jamming and cloning attacks, which in turn threaten to home breach and personal information disclosure. This paper therefore proposes a new trust-based authentication scheme to effectively address two typical attacks, jamming and cloning attacks, in smart home environment. The evaluation shows that our solution can significantly reduce the authentication failure in jamming attacks, increase the detection probability of cloning attacks, and improve the authentication efficiency to manage the authentication delay in a reasonable time.

Internet of Things (IoT) Based Smart Shop (S-SHOP) System with RFID Technique

Billing system technology in the market nowadays is less efficient in parallel with revolution of technology. Conventional method widely uses a barcode scanner that has disadvantages as it is a manual system and requires man power. Besides that, the conventional method does not store the information such as warranty of the product and the information of a buyer. Using the smart shop billing system using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) reader and RFID tag, the system will become more efficient and automated. The system consists of two main elements which are passive RFID tag (125 kHz) and RFID reader (ID-20LA) that has similar function with a barcode tag and a barcode scanner. For the hardware components, the Espresso Lite V2.0 acts as a microcontroller and UC00C acts as Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter (UART) converter and Arduino IDE is used as a platform to link between hardware and software. The system is completed with the Internet of Things (IoT) technique to make sure the system can be operated wirelessly. As a result, all the information from the reader will be sent to Google spreadsheet as a cloud to store the information about the item to generate GUI bill. In conclusion this proposed system also uses a real time tracking.

First Reported Use of Radiofrequency Identification (RFID) Technique for Targeted Excision of Suspicious Axillary Lymph Nodes in Early Stage Breast Cancer - Evaluation of Feasibility and Review of Current Recommendations.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate, whether radio frequency identification (RFID) labeling of axillary lymph nodes (LNs) for the use of targeted resection is feasible in primary breast cancer patients with suspicious LNs. We analyzed 10 consecutive patients where RFID technique was used for intraoperative detection of suspicious LNs without preceding neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). We compared the specifics of these procedures to 10 consecutive sentinel lymph node biopsies (SLNB) in the cN0 situation. Intraoperative detection rate (DR) for the RFID-labeled target lymph node (TLN) was 100%. Perioperative complications were infrequent and comparable to SLNB. Average time for location of the RFID labeled TLN was quicker than for the SLN. In 71.4% the chip bearing TLN equaled a SLN. The use of the RFID technique for intraoperative localization of axillary LNs for targeted excision seems feasible. RFID technique for targeted axillary dissection (TAD) following NACT should be investigated in a prospective manner.

Assessing Topsoil Movement in Rotary Harrowing Process by RFID (Radio-Frequency Identification) Technique

Harrowing is a process that reduces the size of soil clods and prepares the field for seeding. Rotary harrows are a common piece of equipment in North Italy that consists of teeth rotating around a vertical axis with a processing depth of 5–15 cm. In this study, the topsoil movement in terms of distance and direction were estimated at different rotary harrow working conditions. A total of eight tests was performed using two forward speeds of 1 and 3 km/h, two working depths of 6 and 10 cm and two levelling bar positions of 0 and 10 cm from the ground. In order to simulate and follow topsoil movement, Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) tags were inserted into cork stoppers and distributed in a regular pattern over the soil. Tags were distributed in six lines along the working width and repeated in three rows for each test: a total number of 144 tags was tracked. Results showed that there were no significant differences between the performed tests, on the other hand the reported tests highlight the effectiveness of the RFID monitoring approach.

Comparative Study of Radio Frequency Identification Technique with Conventional Technique

Comparative Study of Radio Frequency Identification Technique with Conventional Technique

Passive radio-frequency identification ranging, a dense and weather-robust technique for landslide displacement monitoring

Ground deformation monitoring at a local scale requires accuracy, along with dense spatio-temporal resolution. Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) technology is proposed as an alternative to classical geodetic methods for monitoring displacements of a landslide. Passive RFID tags allow for a very dense resolution, both in time and space, at the scale of a 100-m-long surface. By deploying 19 passive RFID tags on a landslide for 5 months, this study validates the technique by comparison with laser total station and wire extensometer data. The accuracy of the RFID technique was 1 cm during normal weather and up to 8 cm during snow events. The results demonstrate that RFID tag tracking can monitor landslide displacements with multiple sensors at low cost, providing dense spatio-temporal data. This technique could potentially be used for other applications such as monitoring volcanic activity, buildings, unstable rocks or snow cover.

Analyzing distributions for travel time data collected using radio frequency identification technique in urban road networks

Travel time distribution studies are fundamental for supporting transportation system reliability studies, particularly for urban road networks. However, such studies are generally based on travel time data sets with limited sample sizes, which provide inconsistent findings. In this paper, a large amount of travel time data collected from the emerging radio frequency identification (RFID) technique are used to conduct empirical investigations and estimations of travel time distributions, and three major findings are determined. First, travel time data are shown to have a complex statistical structure: the travel time distribution is in general peaky, multi-modal, and skewed to the right, which cross validates findings shown in previous publications. Second, unimodal distribution models are shown to be unable to capture the complex statistical dynamics embedded in the travel time data; therefore, a multistate distribution model is more appropriate for modeling travel time distributions. In this respect, a three-component gaussian mixture model (GMM) is tested and results consistently outperform those of unimodal distribution models. Finally, the aggregation time interval is shown to have a trivial effect on the shape of travel time distributions: the travel time distribution is stable under different aggregation time intervals. Future work is recommended to investigate further travel time variabilities and travel time distribution estimations.

BVIRE improved algorithm for indoor localization based on RFID and a linear regression model

Traditional indoor location technologies such as infrared technology and ultrasonic technology are complex, expensive, or having unsatisfactory location accuracy. Radio frequency identification (RFID) technologies are very popular in many areas since their costs are very low. The tag in such technologies acts as the transmitter, and the radio signal strength indicator (RSSI) information is measured at the reader. However, RSSI information suffers strictly from the multipath circumstance and circumferential elements. Therefore, the localization accuracy of the boundary will be affected severely. In order to solve this problem, we introduce the boundary virtual reference label (BVIRE) algorithm to well utilize RFID techniques for locating the tracking object, which inserts some virtual reference tags on the boundary by establishing a linear regression model that eliminates unwanted tag information from the estimation procedure. The positioning accuracy of the boundary tags and stability have been improved significantly, at least 78%, without adding extra reference tags or radio frequency interference. Also, the estimation errors of our improved BVIRE are much smaller compared to the virtual reference label, location identification based on the dynamic active RFID calibration (LANDMARC), ultrawide band, RADAR, and PinPoint algorithms.

Octahedron-Shaped Linearly Polarized Antenna for Multistandard Services Including RFID and IoT

In this paper, a novel topology of the coplanar waveguide fed truncated octahedron-shaped antenna is proposed. The linearly polarized antenna operates over the triple radio frequency identification technique (RFID) bands of 858–930MHz, 2.4–2.454 GHz, and 5.725–5.875 GHz at ultrahigh frequency (UHF), microwave-, and super high-frequency bands, respectively. In addition, it also supports long-term evolution 4G, TV broadcasting, and 5G bands of the electromagnetic spectrum. The <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$S_{11} = -10$ </tex-math></inline-formula> dB impedance bandwidth is 294 MHz (697–991 MHz), 120 MHz (2.38–2.5 GHz), 310 MHz (3.07–3.35 GHz), and 310 MHz (5.61–5.92 GHz) in the various bands. The antenna is fabricated on a polyguide substrate of <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.3023\lambda _{L}\times 0.209\lambda _{L }\times 0.014\lambda _{L}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> dimension, where <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda _{L}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is the free-space wavelength at the lowest operating frequency. The antenna’s <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$S_{11}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and the radiation patterns have been measured, and a good agreement between simulated and the measured results has been found. In addition, the proposed antenna is also experimentally verified for the UHF band RFID detection and the global standard for mobile communications 900 band cellular applications. We also propose a system-level schematic to integrate this antenna to other communication standards for the automated RFID applications needed for the Internet of Things.

Improved locating algorithm of railway tunnel personnel based on collaborative information fusion in Internet of Things

With larger-scale of railway construction in China, there are more and more larger-scale tunnel projects in process. Tunnel engineering constructions are very difficult, high risk, and there are many unpredictable factors that may cause safety issues, such as landslides, roof caving and water bursts, threatening the construction personnel’s safety. The personnel positioning tracking systems have been studied and applied preliminarily in railway tunnel construction. It is important to know how many people are underground, and workers must sign in/out one by one at tunnel entrances when they come in or leave; a process that is time-consuming and sometimes irritating to those who line up and must exit one-by-one to sign in. Active Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems can respond to transponders on the personnel’s helmets or jackets to quickly identify workers coming and going without stopping to sign in and out. It can also alert management when a person enters without a transponder. Indoor moving target recognition and tracking in Internet of Things is a popular research and application topic in recent years. This paper proposes an indoor moving target recognition and tracking method based on RFID and Charge Coupled Device (CCD) collaborative information fusion. First, RFID technique and the proposed extended virtual reference elimination (extended virtual reference elimination) approach are used to recognize and to coarsely locate the target. Second, based on the coarse localization results, the monitoring/sleeping control of different CCDs will be realized. Subsequently, the background-difference method is used to detect the target in CCD monitoring image and realize precise localization with multiple angle of view fusion. Finally, with weighted average of the two localization results, the moving target location is obtained. The method combines the advantages of RFID fast recognition and localization and CCD precise localization. The experiment results indicate that the proposed collaborative information fusion method can effectively improve the accuracy and real-time performance of indoor moving target tracking.

Identification and Verification of Vehicle using RFID Technique

The number of vehicles/traffic is increasing exponentially day-by-day, due to which automatic vehicles identification/monitoring system is being paid significance all over the world. Different countries in the world are using various types of automatic systems for traffic control, vehicles identification. Number plate recognition (NPR) is an authentic-time embedded system which frequently recognition the number plate of vehicle. Pervious systems are using only for identification of vehicle. The proposed system cumulates both the RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) and NPR systems for the identification and verification of vehicle.

Identification of Misplaced Objects

Background/Objectives: To locate misplaced objects using RFID technique. Methods/Statistical Analysis: RFID is Radio Frequency Identification. This technique is most suitable for indoor positioning of objects. RFID technology consists of RFID tags, RFID reader and a user interface. HT12E is the encoder which is present in the transmitter. The RFID tag consists of transmitter. The HT12D Decoder is present in the receiver. The reader consists of HT12D Decoder. The communication takes place between the tag and reader. The GLCD i.e., graphical LCD shows the result. If the object is missing then it is shown in graphical LCD. Findings: The objects such as keys, remotes, wallets etc., can be found easily using this technique in our smart homes. This is an indoor restriction innovation. Application/Improvements: RFID innovation is most broadly utilized innovation however because of a few difficulties this innovation can't be market satisfactory. Additionally it is most suitable innovation for indoor situating in light of the fact that other following frameworks, for example, GPS can't be utilized for indoor situating since it doesn't get signal from satellites. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a quickly developing innovation that can possibly have effects on numerous commercial projects.

Handling Toll Traffic Using Rfid In Highway Scenario Environment

In this research paper, we consider the wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in toll road using RFID. Sensor network are collection of sensor node and they co-operatively send sensed data to base station. In a real time scenario all the nodes follow the traditional toll tax rule and payment done manually. Therefore, we try to create a system for radio frequency identification (RFID) technology for electronic toll collections (ETC) system for online payment and provide a smooth run through. Current RFID tags appear in a public environment like vehicle systems (toll collection or car key) applications and retail supply chains. The RFID tags are enhanced with additional functionality for sensing and localization. In this paper the evolution of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) will be presented, using RFID techniques with examples of implementation in toll traffic using RFID in the highway scenario environment. Keywords: RFID, Tags, Antennae, WSNs

Smartstones: A small 9-axis sensor implanted in stones to track their movements

The movement of stones is important in a variety of disciplines such as geomorphology or hydraulic engineering. Plenty of different sensors, visual, active or passive tracers exist to capture movements in various ways. However, none of them is sufficiently small to be implanted in pebbles with a longest axis of approx. 60mm.In this article, a sufficiently small probe is introduced: the Smartstone probe. It consists of a metal cylinder (diameter 8mm, length 55mm) with a flexible antenna and contains a Bosch BMX055 sensor composed of a triaxial accelerometer, magnetometer and gyroscope, respectively. Additional components inside the probe are memory to store data, active RFID (Radio-frequency identification) technique to transmit data and two button cells as power supply.Mounted into a pebble, the applicability of this probe was tested in laboratory flume experiments by determining the pebble movement using the Smartstone measurements and comparing them to the movement pattern captured by a high-speed camera. The derived orientations and positions in these test experiments resulted in deviations of 32.4% compared to the visual footage. The different reasons for deviations are noise, quantization error, integration error, orientation error and clipping. The error sources were divided with supplementary experiments resulting in mean absolute deviation (MAE) of 3.3% due to noise, quantization, and integration errors; orientation errors result in an increased MAE of 13.7% in natural environment and 21.7% in laboratory. The MAE of all experiments containing clipping was 63.2%.These deviations will be reduced in future by application of methods like Kalman filtering or Markov models, which are established in other disciplines like computer science, robotics or (pedestrian) navigation.