Radio Frequency Identification Reader Module Research Articles

Revolutionizing Home Security: A Comprehensive Overview of an Advanced RFID Door Lock System for Keyless Access and Smart Home Protection

The abstract presents a cutting-edge RFID door lock system that does away with traditional physical keys to improve home security. The system uses state-of-the-art components, such as an RFID (Radio-Frequency Identification) reader and an Arduino microcontroller, to provide a safe, keyless access option for homes. This technology provides homes with more protection and convenience, which is a comfort in a world where theft and unwanted access are ongoing issues. Conventional keys are not the best option for home security because they can be stolen, lost, or duplicated. By using customized RFID cards or key fobs, the RFID door lock system, on the other hand, streamlines the entry procedure while significantly lowering the possibility of unwanted access. An RFID reader module, an Arduino microcontroller, and an electronic locking mechanism are the three most crucial parts of the system. Once the authenticity of the card has been confirmed by the RFID reader, the Arduino microcontroller will utilize the obtained data to initiate the lock. Additionally, the system can be improved with features like smartphone applications for remote access control, which let homeowners monitor and grant access from a distance. This RFID door lock system has many advantages for homeowners, including strong security features, user-friendliness, and the capacity to monitor access events. These features provide homeowners with convenience and peace of mind. RFID-based security systems are an important development in the rapidly developing field of smart home technology.

Use of RFID Technology to Enhance Electoral Integrity

As the first democratic nation in South Asia, Sri Lanka continues to conduct elections using the traditional paper-based process. The main disadvantages of this procedure are its dependence on human resources, high printing costs, and inefficient vote counting. This research proposes the implementation of an RFID – based voting system to replace the current paper-based election system with paperless electronic voting systems. Radio frequency identification (RFID) is a popular method for automatic identification and data capture that uses electromagnetic fields to automatically identify, and track tags attached to objects. In this system, each registered voter will have a separate voter identity card with an RFID tag printed on it. During the election, the RFID reader module senses the RFID tags with voter ID. After receiving the voter ID from the RFID reader, the IC compares the ID, and if the data matches the already stored information, the voter is allowed to cast his vote. The admin panel has a different ID, and they have authority to see the results, reset the voting results, add a new registered user, remove a registered user, reset all users, and reset all results. If the voter is not authorized the buzzer alarm will ring to inform them that the person is not allowed to vote. The implementation of this system helps to minimize the possibility of rigging in elections, reduce the probability of causing human error, and eliminate the need to do manual work.

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Based Library Management System

Purpose: The aim of this project is to design and build a library management system based on radio frequency identification that will help the librarian manage the shelves with less human involvement.
 Methodology: A dc supply at +5volts was connected to the microcontroller, with a voltage of +12volts dc connected to the buzzer, and a step-down transformer was used to convert 220volts to 5volts in this system. This power supply was connected to the switch, and by pressing a switch button, the current passed through the entire circuit. RFID collects all the data from the RFID tag. Using a UART module, the EM-18 RFID reader module was connected to 5v pic microcontrollers. The EM-1 RFID reader will read the tag number from an RFID tag when it is placed in its field of operation and output the information via a TX terminal. In order to signal successful tag detection, the beep terminal will turn low. Once the card is in front of the RFID reader, the student extracts the data from it and compares it to the data that is stored in the microprocessor, which is coded using embedded c language. If the data matches, the information is shown on the LCD.
 Finding: A library management system based on radio frequency identification and detection (RFID) was developed in this study to improve library use and management. To efficiently identify and manage the books, it will make use of the RFID reader. The student can search the database and, if the book is available, pick it up from the library because the database displays the book's availability at the library. The main advantages of this project in libraries include time savings, quick access to books, and the elimination of manual errors.
 Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and policy: Every inventive technical design has its limits. This passive RFID-based library management system has some limitations as a technology for precise data collection. This study recommend that the RFID reader should be improved so that it has finger and thumb print access, which is needed to access student data and details. However, it should also include a facial recognition application, which would further strengthen the biometric security of the system and protect it from impersonation by careless students.

Fuzzy Power Converter for Smart Shopping Cart

Nowadays, the use of barcode for products presents several limitations, it requires a line of sight, has a low range and have less security. In our project, we proposed a system in which Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology is used. This system gives a solution to reduce the shopping time at supermarkets. Shopping trolleys are used by every supermarket to assist shoppers in choosing the items they want to buy. Customers may experience a variety of issues at the billing counter, such as waiting and not knowing if they have enough money to pay for the goods they have chosen. In addition to taking a lot of time, the counter-billing process requires additional staff. We have put up a method to address this issue, which makes use of a smart shopping cart to get around these obstacles. The NODEMCU, RFID Reader Module, RFID tags, LCD, and push buttons are all necessary for the hardware.

A Fully Integrated Low-Cost HF Multistandard RFID Reader SoC and Module for IoT Applications

The deployment and application of large-scale Internet of Things require a large number of 13.56-MHz radio-frequency identification (RFID) reader chips with lower cost. The existing RFID reader module needs to integrate multiple chips, such as microcontroller and high-frequency (HF) RFID reader IC on a single printed circuit board (PCB), which has the bottleneck of cost, power consumption, stability, and reliability. In order to adapt to the development trend of high integration, miniaturization, and low-power consumption of RFID reader, this article proposes a fully integrated low-cost RFID reader System-on-a-Chip (SoC), which integrates RF transceiver and analog circuit, baseband protocol processing, microcontroller, memory, and interface circuit into a single chip. The proposed reader IC supports communication protocols, such as ISO/IEC 14443 Type A and Type B, ISO/IEC 15693, and ISO/IEC 7816. The reader can communicate with contact and contactless IC cards. The modulation depth of the transmitter circuit ranges from 1% to 100%, and the maximum transmitting current is 126 mA. The receiver circuit is composed of I/Q clock generation, switched capacitor sampling circuit, variable gain amplifier (VGA) with filter, comparator, and pulse shaping circuit, which has good anti-noise performance. This 13.56-MHz RFID reader SoC is fabricated in a 180-nm CMOS process and is housed in a 64-pin QFP package. The total area is 8.75 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , including 1.47 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> for analog and RF circuits.

An intelligent IoT emergency vehicle warning system using RFID and Wi-Fi technologies for emergency medical services.

Collisions between emergency vehicles for emergency medical services (EMS) and public road users have been a serious problem, impacting on the safety of road users, emergency medical technicians (EMTs), and the patients on board. The aim of this study is to develop a novel intelligent emergency vehicle warning system for EMS applications. The intelligent emergency vehicle warning system is developed by Internet of Things (IoT), radio-frequency identification (RFID), and Wi-Fi technologies. The system consists of three major parts: a system trigger tag, an RFID system in an emergency vehicle, and an RFID system at an intersection. The RFID system either in an emergency vehicle or at an intersection contains a controller, an ultrahigh-frequency (UHF) RFID reader module, a Wi-Fi module, and a 2.4-GHz antenna. In addition, a UHF ID antenna is especially designed for the RFID system in an emergency vehicle. The IoT system provides real-time visual warning at an intersection and siren warning from an emergency vehicle in order to effectively inform road users about an emergency vehicle approaching. The developed intelligent IoT emergency vehicle warning system demonstrates the capabilities of real-time visual and siren warnings for EMS safety.

Compact design of UHF RFID and NFC antennas for mobile phones

A small size and low-profile antenna has been developed in order to provide any mobile phone with ultra-high frequency (UHF) radiofrequency identification (RFID) reader functionality. For that purpose, a patch antenna topology has been chosen on account of the mobile phone battery, which exhibits an electromagnetic behaviour similar to a metal plane. The low-profile patch antenna has been designed to operate at the European UHF RFID band. To communicate the mobile phone with the RFID reader module, near-field communication (NFC) technology has been considered. Thus, an NFC antenna, based on square coils, operating at 13.56 MHz has been also designed. Such antenna has been etched on the opposite side of the patch antenna. Overall dimensions of the prototype are 60 mm × 100 mm, i.e. small enough to fit the dimensions of a mobile phone. As proof of concepts to evaluate the performance of the designed antennas, an UHF RFID reader module and an NFC reader module are tested. The measured read range reaches up to 1 m for some commercial tags.

The WSID Circuit Design Based on Arduino

This paper combine Zigbee technology and RFID (Radio Frequency Identification ) technology together in order to design a controler circuit scheme that can flexible networking, RF drive, environmental parameters data acquisition, industrial control in one of WSID equipment. Described in detail the main circuit board Arduino, active RFID reader module Nrf24LE1 and CC2530 Zigbee module circuit design and the embedded software design and PC software design, the experimental results show the effectiveness of the system.

Visually Impaired Assistive System

paper presents visually impaired assistive system (VIAS) which focuses on independent mobility of visually impaired or blind people who suffer in an unknown environment without any manual assistance. This system employs Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) to achieve an objective of identifying certain paths for the user navigation as well as provide certain features such as object recognition, log records of all users' tag access, emergency button and user track information. This proposed system on the user side include a mobile RFID reader module with an integrated microcontroller, zigbee transceiver for transmitting the tag's information and TTS for playing information to the user and on the server side zigbee transceiver for wireless communication. In path identification technique, RFID passive tag network is employed on the path and for object recognition required tools and other objects in the house or building will be embedded with passive RFID tags. A text data unique to each object and path location, resides on the server. The reader reads the tags and transmits the data wirelessly to the server PC which in turn scans for the received Tag ID in the database and respond to the user with its related text data which is played at the user side by converting it from text to speech with the help of TTS module. The feasibility and reliability of the developed system is tested by deploying the proposed system at Blind school of girls at Pune, India. As an overall this system will help visually impaired person to gain the feelings of visualization.

A PID Positioning Controller with a Curve Fitting Model Based on RFID Technology

The global positioning system (GPS) is an important research topic to solve outdoor positioning problems, but GPSis unable to locate objects accurately and precisely indoors. Some available systems apply ultrasound or opticaltracking. This paper presents an efficient proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller with curve fitting model formobile robot localization and position estimation which adopts passive radio frequency identification (RFID) tags ina space. This scheme is based on a mobile robot carries an RFID reader module which reads the installed low-costpassive tags under the floor in a grid-like pattern. The PID controllers increase the efficiency of captured RFID tagsand the curve fitting model is used to systematically identify the revolutions per minute (RPM) of the motor. Wecontrol and monitor the position of the robot from a remote location through a mobile phone via Wi-Fi and Bluetoothnetwork. Experiment results present that the number of captured RFID tags of our proposed scheme outperformsthat of the previous scheme.

A Standalone RFID Indoor Positioning System Using Passive Tags

Indoor positioning systems (IPSs) locate objects in closed structures such as office buildings, hospitals, stores, factories, and warehouses, where Global Positioning System devices generally do not work. Most available systems apply wireless concepts, optical tracking, and/or ultrasound. This paper presents a standalone IPS using radio frequency identification (RFID) technology. The concept is based on an object carrying an RFID reader module, which reads low-cost passive tags installed next to the object path. A positioning system using a Kalman filter is proposed. The inputs of the proposed algorithm are the measurements of the backscattered signal power propagated from nearby RFID tags and a tag-path position database. The proposed algorithm first estimates the location of the reader, neglecting tag-reader angle-path loss. Based on the location estimate, an iterative procedure is implemented, targeting the estimation of the tag-reader angle-path loss, where the latter is iteratively compensated from the received signal strength information measurement. Experimental results are presented, illustrating the high performance of the proposed positioning system.

Wafer-Level Parylene Packaging With Integrated RF Electronics for Wireless Retinal Prostheses

This paper presents an embedded chip integration technology that incorporates silicon housings and flexible Parylene-based microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) devices. Accelerated-lifetime soak testing is performed in saline at elevated temperatures to study the packaging performance of Parylene C thin films. Experimental results show that the silicon chip under test is well protected by Parylene, and the lifetime of Parylene-coated metal at body temperature (37°C) is more than 60 years, indicating that Parylene C is an excellent structural and packaging material for biomedical applications. To demonstrate the proposed packaging technology, a flexible MEMS radio-frequency (RF) coil has been integrated with an RF identification (RFID) circuit die. The coil has an inductance of 16 μH with two layers of metal completely encapsulated in Parylene C, which is microfabricated using a Parylene-metal-Parylene thin-film technology. The chip is a commercially available read-only RFID chip with a typical operating frequency of 125 kHz. The functionality of the embedded chip has been tested using an RFID reader module in both air and saline, demonstrating successful power and data transmission through the MEMS coil.

Using RFID for Accurate Positioning

In Korea, telematics is regarded as the technology to enhance and make everyday-driving experience more comfortable and safer. An essential part of the telematics is navigation and it is mainly based on GPS as the choice of positioning technology. The accuracy of GPS, however, is approximately ten to twenty meters. Combining with map-matching technologies, most navigation systems guide drivers with a best effort manner. In addition to telematics, RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) is an old but newly emerged technology. In this paper, we incorporate RFID technology into a navigation system to improve the accuracy. The skeleton of the idea is as follows: install RFID tags on roads in a certain way, store very accurate location information along with other necessary information in the tags, add an RFID reader module to the navigation system, and use this new location information along with GPS and a gyroscope to produce highly accurate location information. With this scheme, the accuracy of positioning can be dramatically improved, especially in tunnels and in downtown areas. Preliminary results show that this idea is feasible.