Radiation Images Research Articles

Flame temperature and emissivity distribution measurement of solid propellant based on clustering analysis of multispectral radiation images.

To measure the combustion parameters of a solid propellant, this Letter researches the fitting method for flame temperature and emissivity based on multispectral images and proposes the particle swarm optimization-K-means (PSO-K-means) clustering optimization algorithm of a flame multispectral image. Considering the difference in flame radiation characteristics in different regions, the flame multispectral image is clustered, and spectra in different regions are analyzed and selected in different fitting bands to inverse temperature and emissivity. On this basis, the method is applied to measure solid propellant combustion parameters with different formulations. The measurement shows that the flame temperature is between 1700 and 2100 K, and the emissivity is concentrated in 0.1-0.5. Compared with temperature measurements obtained from tungsten-rhenium thermocouples, the relative deviation of multispectral imaging thermometry is less than 5%. The distribution characteristics of solid propellant combustion parameters with different formulations were analyzed, which provided important data support for evaluating combustion conditions and optimizing solid propellant formulations.

Effects of discharge parameters on plasma acceleration and transmission characteristics of a coaxial gun operated in gas-prefilled mode

The effects of discharge parameters on the discharge process and plasma transport characteristics of a coaxial gun in the gas-prefilled mode are studied. The plasma optical intensity and ejection velocity are measured by photodiodes, the optical emission spectrum is taken by a spectroscopic system, and the plasma evolution in the transport process is captured by a high-speed camera. The plasma acceleration characteristics under different discharge parameters show that the velocity and electron density of the ejection plasma are mainly determined by the pre-filled pressure and discharge current, which is consistent with the snowplow model. The kinetic energy of ejection plasma can be significantly increased by reducing the outer loop inductance, which is conducive to increasing the energy utilization efficiency. The time-varying images of plasma radiation and the plasma density at different transport locations illuminate the transmission characteristics of coaxial gun discharge plasma. The results show that the snowplow effect continues to play a role in the plasma transport process, and the plasma accumulation is induced by the combination of shock wave compression. The current-driven magneto hydrodynamics instability occurs during the transport process, and the luminous signal of the plasma current sheet oscillates periodically. In addition, the plasma impact effect is obvious and the gas retarding effect is enhanced with the increase in the gas pressure. These results give us a more comprehensive view of the coaxial gun discharge process and plasma transport and provide a certain reference for optimizing the parameters selection and physical design of coaxial gun discharge plasma characteristics.

Experimental study on the formation and evolution of unconfined counter-helicity spheromaks merging using magnetized coaxial plasma gun

The formation and evolution of unconfined counter-helicity spheromaks merging have been experimentally investigated by using a magnetized coaxial plasma gun. By comparing the time-dependent photodiode signals and plasma radiation images of counter-helicity spheromaks merging and plasma jets merging, it is found that the field-reversed configuration (FRC) plasma formed by counter-helicity spheromaks merging has a distinct contour and a long maintenance time. For plasma jets merging, the resulting plasma has no discernible contours and a shorter lifetime. In addition, it is inferred from these data that stagnation heating and magnetic reconnection events occur during the counter-helicity spheromaks merging, causing a rapid rise in plasma pressure at the merging midplane and sharp kinks in the field lines near the merger region. By changing different operating parameters and observing the impact on the merger characteristics, it is suggested that the qualitative dynamics of the FRC plasma depends on the balance between the plasma pressure and the magnetic pressure. The high discharge voltage breaks the equilibrium in the merged body, while the large gas-puffed mass just weakens the compression effect of the merged body. These results give us an intuitive understanding of the counter-helicity spheromak merger process and its dependence on discharge parameters, and also provide a distinct perspective for the optimal design of FRC.

Maritime infrared image enhancement based on morphological pseudotransmittance modulation and radiation source enhancement

To address the problems of low contrast and fuzzy details in maritime infrared images, this paper constructs a pseudotransmittance model based on the principles of infrared radiation imaging, and proposes an enhancement algorithm of morphology single-scale pseudotransmittance modulation and radiation source enhancement. First, the original image is adaptively segmented to generate the radiation source region and the radiation source suppressed background. Then, the pseudotransmittance is calculated by estimating the radiation of the background through morphological methods. Finally, the pseudotransmittance is used to modulate the original image for background enhancement and the radiation source detail is enhanced as well. On this basis, an algorithm for maritime infrared image enhancement with morphological multiscale pseudotransmittance modulation and radiation source hierarchical fusion is developed to overcome the problem of edge overenhancement and neighbourhood enhancement. Experiments show that our methods perform well in detail and contrast enhancement and outperform other methods in both qualitative and quantitative evaluations.

Ellipse-fitting in Mock Images of TNG50 Barred Galaxies

Recent studies have utilized the TNG50 simulation to explore barred galaxy morphology. The ellipse-fitting method is commonly used to assess properties of the isophotes in the central region of the disk. This work adapts the ellipse-fitting method to simulated images from TNG50, dealing with the issue of excessively pronounced ellipticities in central regions, whether in mass distribution maps or simulated radiative transfer images. To solve this problem, we introduce synthetic realism in the form of convolution with point spread functions, correcting the misbehavior in central ellipticities. These improvements simplify the application of ellipse-fitting to barred galaxies in the TNG50 simulation, enabling more accurate analysis of properties such as bar length and ellipticity, which would otherwise be more difficult to measure accurately. Thus, we conclude that when measuring shapes of simulated barred galaxies, one should apply realistic smoothing, otherwise the inner ellipticities will not be comparable to observations.

Effect of liquid-vapor two-phase flow maldistribution on the thermal performance of brazed plate heat exchangers

The effect of liquid-vapor two-phase flow maldistribution on the thermal performance of brazed plate heat exchangers (BPHEs) is investigated experimentally and numerically. The two-phase refrigerant flow distributions among different channels of the BPHEs are first experimentally quantified based on the infrared radiation images of the heat exchanger sidewalls. To assess the performance degradation due to two-phase flow maldistribution, the thermal performance of the maldistributed BPHEs is measured and compared with that of the uniform-distributed BPHEs, predicted using an experimentally validated BPHE model. Several factors that affect the performance degradation are analyzed, including refrigerant inlet vapor quality and flow rate, exit superheat, and water-side flow distribution. The results show that, under the tested conditions, the two-phase refrigerant flow maldistribution causes up to a 29.8 % degradation in heat exchanger capacity and a 4 K decrease in evaporation temperature. Furthermore, the vulnerability of the BPHEs to two-phase flow maldistribution is significantly influenced by the operating conditions. This is closely related to the varying size ratios of superheated and two-phase regions within the BPHEs under different operating conditions. Reducing the refrigerant exit superheat is verified to help overcome the adverse effect brought by the flow maldistribution in the evaporators, but brings challenges in the system control. Matching the flow distributions of liquid refrigerant and water also proves beneficial to the BPHE evaporators.

A hybrid radiative energy transfer and image source method for high-frequency vibrational coupled plates

A hybrid approach composed of the radiative energy transfer method (RETM) and image source method (ISM) is proposed in this study for estimating the vibrational energy of coupled plates loaded by high-frequency point excitation. The vibrational energy at a receiver is represented by energy density and intensity, which are superposed by incoherent rays emitted by the load point in the analyzed domain and reflected/transmitted by the domain boundaries. The energy rays reflected/transmitted at the boundaries are described by two modes: diffuse reflection/transmission, which is a basic assumption in RETM, and the other obeys Snell’s law of reflection/refraction, which is deduced by Fermat’s principle and often applied in ISM. The local energy response distribution in the loading subsystem is described by ISM. The energies in other subsystems are described by RETM. The energy transfer relationship between subsystems is expressed by the energy transfer coefficient. At the boundary of coupled plates, a Fredholm equation of the second type is established through the balance among the outgoing energy of the diffuse reflection fictitious sources and the incident energy of actual sources, other diffuse reflection sources, and specular reflection image sources, which can be used to determine the intensity of the diffuse reflection fictitious sources. The average energy transfer coefficient in the transmission direction half-space is used to express the energy transfer relationship associated with diffuse reflection sources, while the energy transfer relationship associated with specular reflection sources is expressed directly by the energy transfer coefficient. Numerical tests show that the energy distributions and energy flow fields of typical coupled plates are well predicted by the proposed hybrid RETM-ISM approach. Compared with RETM, hybrid RETM-ISM is more consistent with the FEM solution.

Integrated Optical Diagnostics Of Cyclopentane Sprays To Characterize Transcritical Phase Transitions

This research investigates spray phase transitions under subcritical and transcritical conditions relevant to high-pressure combustion systems. Using advanced optical diagnostic techniques, including shadowgraphy (SH), Mie scattering (MS), and infrared radiation (IR) measurements, the study focuses on cyclopentane sprays in a high-pressure, high-temperature chamber filled with gaseous nitrogen. Three cases are studied to understand spray behavior under varying injection conditions. SH and MS analyses reveal significant differences across the cases. As the chamber temperature increases, the liquid core length shortens, indicating enhanced vaporization. This is particularly evident in the MS images, where step-like transitions in the axial distribution highlight abrupt phase changes from liquid to gas in subcritical conditions. Such transitions are absent under supercritical conditions, suggesting a smoother phase transition process. IR measurements provide additional insights into the spray dynamics, especially under transcritical conditions. The IR images display complex downstream (at x/D > 125) signal patterns with bimodal distributions. The application of inverse Abel deconvolution highlights negative intensities near the spray axis downstream, indicative of regions near the pseudo-critical temperature. This phenomenon, characterized by blocked background radiation due to critical opalescence, offers indirect evidence of the pseudo-critical temperature and the associated phase transition dynamics. Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) analysis identifies dominant frequencies around 4.5 kHz, corresponding to injection pressure fluctuations. This correlation suggests that injection pressure variations significantly influence spray fluctuations. Differences in mode shapes among the cases are also observed; lateral fluctuations near the injector nozzle exit are present in Cases 1 and 2 but not in Case 3. Axial fluctuations beyond a certain length are consistent in all cases. The lateral fluctuations are related to the chamber pressure and the potential large-scale vortex formation or cavitation in the nozzle. The combined use of SH, MS, and IR methodologies provides a comprehensive understanding of transcritical spray dynamics, emphasizing the effectiveness of combining multiple optical diagnostic techniques. These findings will improve numerical simulations and contribute to the development of more efficient high-pressure combustion systems. The research underscores the complexity of phase transitions in sprays and the critical role of precise diagnostics in the advancement of combustion technology.

Images of Chest Computer Tomography (CT) and Radiation (X-ray) Demonstrating Clinical Manifestations of COVID-19: Review Article

Apart from reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing, chest radiographs (CXR) and computed tomography (CT) scans were employed as crucial diagnostic methods for detecting the 2019 new coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Our objective is to examine three notable COVID-19 instances from patients across the globe, along with their CXR and CT data. The evaluation of the imaging characteristics of the reported instances was the primary objective of a methodical examination of the literature. We located more than several articles that had been published between 2020 and 2023. After the papers were examined, three major cases were chosen, including a COVID-19 assessment of imaging features (chest X-ray and CT scan). Corona viral diseases (COVID-19) pose a significant risk to healthcare facilities, especially when the patient has additional medical issues. It is challenging to understand the various chest radiography results because of the use of specialized and ambiguous terminology such as “airspace disease”, “pneumonia”, “infiltrates”, “patchy opacities”, and “hazy opacities”. The current investigation considered peer-reviewed case reports with Images features. Study designs, including reporting cases, were considered for imaging feature analysis.

Synchronized measurement method of burning rate and combustion temperature of a solid propellant specimen

To characterize the combustion properties of solid propellants, the synchronized measurement method of burning rate and combustion temperature is proposed combined shadow imaging and radiation imaging. Using spectroscopic and filtering imaging, shadow and radiation images of a solid propellant specimen are obtained synchronously. Burning rate is calculated by burning surface movement velocity of shadow images, and combustion temperature is calculated by radiation image thermometry. Measurement accuracies of burning rate and combustion temperature of the solid propellant specimen are validated by other independent measurement methods. On this basis, the synchronized measurements of burning rate and combustion temperature of different formulations of solid propellant specimens under different working conditions are carried out. The results show that the influence on burning rate and combustion temperature of pressure and formulas is different. Therefore, the synchronized measurement of burning rate and combustion temperature can provide more direct data support for the evaluation of solid propellant combustion performance.

Dual-Channel Mapping–Gas Column Concentration Inversion Method Based on Multispectral Imaging

Infrared multispectral imaging technology can achieve the long-distance, wide-ranging and fast detection of target gas, and has been widely used in the fields of dangerous-gas detection and environmental monitoring. However, due to the difficulty in acquiring background radiation as well as atmospheric disturbance and noise interference in the detection process, the quantitative detection of gas concentration has become a difficult problem to solve. Therefore, this paper proposes an inversion method for gas column concentration based on infrared multispectral imaging technology. Firstly, infrared background radiation images of the non-target gas absorption spectrum band were collected and converted into background radiation images of the target gas absorption spectrum band according to the dual-channel mapping relationship. Then, combined with the gas radiation images of the target gas absorption spectrum band, the column concentration distribution of the gas was obtained by using the measured calibration relationship between absorbance and column concentration. Experiments of gas detection in different environments were carried out, and the column concentration distribution of the target gas was inverted using this method; the results showed that the average relative error of the inversion of the gas column concentration was 4.84%, which enables the quantitative detection of gas column concentration in a complex environment.

Thermal radiation of tongue surface as a human computer interaction diagnostics technique based on image classification with software interface

Backgroundand Purpose: Thermal radiation plays a pivotal role in addressing recognition limitations encountered by traditional Chinese medicine's tongue diagnosis. Modern thermal radiation diagnostic instruments offer enhanced objectivity, and in this study, we strive to further improve the diagnostic process through the integration of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) principles. Our objective is to introduce the thermal radiation DenseNet ensemble model, synergizing the strengths of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and HCI principles to advance tongue image recognition in healthcare. This approach aims to enhance classification accuracy, even when faced with limited training data. MethodologyTransfer learning, utilizing fine-tuned CNNs and DenseNet, is employed for precise classification, with a specific focus on distinguishing tooth-marked tongues. A portable hand-held thermal radiation diagnostic instrument, seamlessly integrated with HCI, is developed for both clinical use and research. Experimental resultsMeticulously curated datasets, formed through the annotation of thermal radiation images, confirm the superior performance of the DenseNet architecture in tooth mark and tongue feature recognition. The proposed tooth mark tongue recognition model exhibits a significant accuracy improvement of approximately 25% compared to similar tasks in existing studies. Additionally, an AI health detector tailored for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) thermal radiation image recognition is introduced, showcasing the seamless integration of HCI principles into healthcare applications. This innovative tool not only assesses users' health but also provides personalized health recommendations, illustrating the transformative potential of combining technology and healthcare. Discussion and conclusionIn addressing the limitations of traditional tongue diagnosis, thermal radiation emerges as a key factor enhancing objectivity and accuracy. The thermal radiation DenseNet ensemble model, along with HCI integration through the portable hand-held device, proves effective for improved TCM thermal radiation image identification in healthcare. The fusion of technology and HCI principles underscores the potential to elevate health assessments and offer valuable guidance to users.

End-to-end infrared radiation sensing technique based on holography-guided visual attention network

Infrared radiation imaging is extensively utilized due to its unique advantages in terms of wavelengths. This paper presents an end-to-end short-wave infrared digital holography system at 1550 nm that integrates hardware and algorithms to reconstruct targets in a lens-free system. To address challenges such as inherent noise, twin image, and proper focusing encountered in traditional holographic process, a holography-guided visual attention network with a Squeeze and Excitation module, named Diffraction Multi-Distance Regulation Attention Network, is employed to resolve the inverse process. The proposed approach achieves noise-free image reconstruction through a well-trained convolutional neural network, eliminating the need for prior knowledge. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified through comprehensive experiments involving amplitude and phase type samples, simulated and physical objects, as well as trained and unknown targets. Compared to existing infrared band detection techniques, intelligent infrared digital holography enables efficient phase imaging without time-consuming iterations. Furthermore, the net-training for infrared digital holography relies on simulated data rather than on experimental big data, providing promising prospects for future research endeavors.

A fast response time gas ionization chamber detector with a grid structure.

The time response characteristic of the detector is crucial in radiation imaging systems. Unfortunately, existing parallel plate ionization chamber detectors have a slow response time, which leads to blurry radiation images. To enhance imaging quality, the electrode structure of the detector must be modified to reduce the response time. This paper proposes a gas detector with a grid structure that has a fast response time. In this study, the detector electrostatic field was calculated using COMSOL, while Garfield++ was utilized to simulate the detector's output signal. To validate the accuracy of simulation results, the experimental ionization chamber was tested on the experimental platform. The results revealed that the average electric field intensity in the induced region of the grid detector was increased by at least 33%. The detector response time was reduced to 27% -38% of that of the parallel plate detector, while the sensitivity of the detector was only reduced by 10%. Therefore, incorporating a grid structure within the parallel plate detector can significantly improve the time response characteristics of the gas detector, providing an insight for future detector enhancements.

Research on temperature field reconstruction technology for single-dome combustion chambers based on flame image

In order to compensate for the limitations of traditional temperature measurement methods, glass plates were installed on both sides of the single-dome combustion chamber test piece, and two CCD cameras observed the combustion flame in the furnace from different positions. The obtained flame radiation images were combined into a single image through the video capture card, and then the images were input into the reconstruction algorithm software to calculate the three-dimensional temperature field in the combustion chamber in real-time. The software could dynamically display the temperature distribution at three different positions in the chamber. This marked the first time that the temperature field in the combustion chamber was obtained using this new temperature measurement technology, which preliminarily verifies the feasibility of reconstructing the temperature field in the single-dome combustion chamber through flame image temperature measurement technology.

In-situ characterization of thermo-mechanical deformation fields based on DIC during orthogonal cutting of Ti6Al4V

Cutting phenomena containing abundant kinematic and thermo-mechanical information during the cutting process provide direct evidence for investigating machining mechanisms. In-situ digital image correlation (DIC) measurements are important methods for obtaining dynamic data such as strain and strain rate during the material deformation process. However, the secondary development of those deformation data is limited. The deformation information obtained by DIC is also limited to understanding complex thermo-mechanical deformation. In this study, an in-situ imaging system was developed to simultaneously acquire gray and infrared radiation (IR) images within the same deformation area during orthogonal cutting of Ti6Al4V. The deformation evolution and thermal history can be obtained simultaneously. In addition, a postprocessing methodology based on the DIC was proposed to derive thermo-mechanical information. Based on the postprocessing methodology, the stress fields were determined by the constitutive equation combined with the strain, strain rate, and temperature data. The stress propagation path during the formation of the chip segment was determined. Finally, the strain energy fields were derived to assess the potential energy of plastic deformation with the generation of the adiabatic shear band. The dependency between the machining phenomena and the cutting parameters was investigated. This work provides a novel understanding of the thermo-mechanical coupling behavior during the generation progress of serrated chips. The nature of the formation mechanisms and the deformation process involved for serrated chips are closely revealed.

Pulsed radiation image restoration based on unsupervised deep learning

The process of pulsed X-ray imaging generates noise and blurring that significantly degrade image quality, lead to loss of image information, and interfere with accurate diagnosis of X-ray spot size and objects. Traditional radiation image restoration methods lack flexibility and generalization. Furthermore, neural network methods based on supervised learning require many actual image data sets to be obtained in advance, which limits network training. In this paper, we propose an unsupervised radiation image restoration method based on a deep image prior. The classical DeepRED framework is extended by adding weight-adaptive variational regularization. Automatic strategies are employed to estimate local regularization parameters, resulting in better noise removal and preservation of image edges and texture structures. The proposed method is evaluated through numerical simulations and experimental studies of X-ray source images and flash radiographic images. The results indicate that the proposed method is effective in restoring pulsed radiation images, removing noise, and preserving boundary region information. Additionally, this method produces satisfactory results for the restoration of real neutron images, demonstrating its applicability in the field of radiation imaging.

Contrast enhancement method in aero thermal radiation images based on cyclic multi-scale illumination self-similarity and gradient perception regularization.

In aerospace, the effects of thermal radiation severely affect the imaging quality of infrared (IR) detectors, which blur the scene information. Existing methods can effectively remove the intensity bias caused by the thermal radiation effect, but they have limitations in the ability of enhancing contrast and correcting local dense intensity or global dense intensity. To address the limitations, we propose a contrast enhancement method based on cyclic multi-scale illumination self-similarity and gradient perception regularization solver (CMIS-GPR). First, we conceive to correct for intensity bias by amplifying gradient. Specifically, we propose a gradient perception regularization (GPR) solver to correct intensity bias by directly decomposing degraded image into a pair of high contrast images, which do not contain intensity bias and exhibit inverted intensity directions. However, we find that the GPR fails for dense intensity area due to small gradient of the scene. Second, to cope with the cases of dense intensity, we regard the dense intensity bias as the sum of multiple slight intensity bias. Then, we construct a cyclic multi-scale illumination self-similarity (CMIS) model by using multi-scale Gaussian filters and structural similarity prior to removing the dense intensity layer by layer. The result acts as coarse correction for GPR, which does not need to be overly concerned with whether the result has intensity residuals or not. Finally, the coarse corrected result is input to the GPR module to further correct residual intensity bias by enhancing contrast. Extensive experiments in real and simulated data have demonstrated the superiority of the proposed method.

Simultaneous determination of 2-D distributions of temperature and absorption coefficient in large-scale pulverized-coal-fired boilers by flame images processing

This paper proposes a new algorithm that can simultaneously measure the two-dimensional temperature distribution and absorption coefficient distribution of a pulverized-coal-fired (PCF) boiler furnace. On the base of optimal estimation of the uniform absorption and scattering coefficients as well as 2-D temperature distribution from the color radiation images of the flame by the Tikhonov regularization algorithm, the product of the absorption coefficient and the absolute blackbody emission intensity forms a new unknown distribution of emission source, which is also reconstructed from the color radiation images of the flame by the Tikhonov method. Then the distribution of absorption coefficient can be obtained from the new distribution of emission source as the 2-D temperature distribution has been known. Experimental investigation has been conducted on a 660 MWe four corner, tangentially firing, PCF boiler. In the flame detectors, a three-band pass filter is added in the CCD industrial camera to improve the monochromaticity of the original flame image. The temperature and absorption coefficient distributions of the cross-sections at three detection layers under a load of 330 MW and at the highest layer under a load of 500 MW are obtained. In order to verify the reliability of the algorithm, the flame radiation intensity images calculated from the 2-D distributions of temperature and absorption coefficient reconstructed at the highest layer under the load of 330 MW are taken as measurement data, the algorithm is repeated and the results show that the 2-D temperature distribution reconstructed is similar to the input one, with relative error less than 1% between their mean temperatures, and relative error less than 10% between the reconstructed and input mean values of absorption and scattering coefficients. It demonstrates that the algorithm and technology proposed in this paper have important application prospects in the monitoring, diagnosis and control of PCF combustion processes.

Material Discrimination Using X-Ray and Neutron

Background: A nondestructive test is commonly used to inspect the surface defects and internal structure of an object without any physical damage. X-rays generated from an electron accelerator or a tube are one of the methods used for nondestructive testing. The high penetration of X-rays through materials with low atomic numbers makes it difficult to discriminate between these materials using X-ray imaging. The interaction characteristics of neutrons with materials can supplement the limitations of X-ray imaging in material discrimination.Materials and Methods: The radiation image acquisition process for air-cargo security inspection equipment using X-rays and neutrons was simulated using a GEometry ANd Tracking (Geant4) simulation toolkit. Radiation images of phantoms composed of 13 materials were obtained, and the R-value, representing the attenuation ratio of neutrons and gamma rays in a material, was calculated from these images.Results and Discussion: The R-values were calculated from the simulated X-ray and neutron images for each phantom and compared with those obtained in the experiments. The R-values obtained from the experiments were higher than those obtained from the simulations. The difference can be due to the following two causes. The first reason is that there are various facilities or equipment in the experimental environment that scatter neutrons, unlike the simulation. The other is the difference in the neutron signal processing. In the simulation, the neutron signal is the sum of the number of neutrons entering the detector. However, in the experiment, the neutron signal was obtained by superimposing the intensities of the neutron signals. Neutron detectors also detect gamma rays, and the neutron signal cannot be clearly distinguished in the process of separating the two types of radiation. Despite these differences, the two results showed similar trends and the viability of using simulation-based radiation images, particularly in the field of security screening. With further research, the simulation-based radiation images can replace ones from experiments and be used in the related fields.Conclusion: The Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute has developed air-cargo security inspection equipment using neutrons and X-rays. Using this equipment, radiation images and R-values for various materials were obtained. The equipment was reconstructed, and the R-values were obtained for 13 materials using the Geant4 simulation toolkit. The R-values calculated by experiment and simulation show similar trends. Therefore, we confirmed the feasibility of using the simulation-based radiation image.