Quotient Structures Research Articles

Supertropical Monoids III: Factorization and splitting covers

The category [Formula: see text] of supertropical monoids, whose morphisms are transmissions, has the full-reflective subcategory [Formula: see text] of commutative semirings. In this setup, quotients are determined directly by equivalence relations, as ideals are not applicable for monoids, leading to a new approach to factorization theory. To this end, tangible factorization into irreducibles is obtained through fiber contractions and their hierarchy. Fiber contractions also provide different quotient structures, associated with covers and types of splitting covers.

Operators on L-algebras

The aim of this paper is to investigate several operators on L-algebras. At first, closure (interior) operators on L-algebras are defined and some properties of them are obtained. Then, existential operators and universal operators on L-algebras are studied, a one-to-one correspondence between the set of all quantifier operators and the set of all relative complete subalgebras of CKL-algebras is constructed. Furthermore, very true operators on L-algebras are investigated and by giving a very true ideal of a very true L-algebra, quotient structures on very true L-algebras are established.

Ideals and Homomorphism Theorems of Fuzzy Associative Algebras

Based on the definitions of fuzzy associative algebras and fuzzy ideals, it is proven that the intersections of fuzzy subalgebras are fuzzy subalgebras, and the intersections of fuzzy ideals are fuzzy ideals. Moreover, we prove that the kernels of fuzzy homomorphisms are fuzzy ideals. Using fuzzy ideals, the quotient structures of fuzzy associative algebras are constructed, their corresponding properties are discussed, and their homomorphism theorems are proven.

A Study on Quotient Structures of Bipolar Fuzzy Finite State Machines

This article introduces different congruence relations on the bipolar fuzzy set associated with the bipolar fuzzy finite state machine. Each congruence relation associates a semigroup with the bipolar fuzzy finite automata. We also discuss characterizing a bipolar fuzzy finite state machine by defining an admissible relation.

Inversion operations in algebraic structures

We consider a wide series of classes of algorithmic complexity. We fix such a class and investigate the complexity of the inversion operation in classical algebraic structures, like groups or fields. In addition, we analyze the properties of quotient structures.

Module Structures on Hoops

In this paper, we apply the theory of modules on hoops and introduce two concepts of modules on hoops and provide special examples and interesting results. Both concepts are correct and logical. The first concept is very close to the definition of module in abstract algebra. In this case, we investigate some important results in modules such as sub-modules and quotient structures. But if we want to investigate the relationship between hoop-modules and other modules on logical algebraic structures such as [Formula: see text]-modules and [Formula: see text]-modules, we need to define the second definition of hoop-modules. In this case, we can get that a [Formula: see text]-modules and an [Formula: see text]-module from any hoop-module.

Archimedean classes in additive monoids

Summand absorbing submodules are common in modules over (additively) idempotent semirings, for example, in tropical algebra. A submodule [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] is summand absorbing, if [Formula: see text] implies [Formula: see text] for any [Formula: see text]. This paper proceeds the study of these submodules, and more generally of additive monoids, with emphasis on their archimedean classes and quotient structures.

Quotient bipolar fuzzy soft sets of hypervector spaces and bipolar fuzzy soft sets of quotient hypervector spaces

In this paper, two related quotient structures are investigated utilizing the concept of coset. At first, a new hypervector space F/V = (F/V,\circ,\circledcirc,K) is created, which is composed of all cosets of a bipolar fuzzy soft set (F;A) over a hypervector space V . Then it will be shown that dim F/V = dim V/W, where the quotient hypervector space V/W includes all cosets of an especial subhyperspace W of V. Also, three bipolar fuzzy soft sets over the quotient hypervector space V/W are presented and in this way some new bipolar fuzzy soft hypervector spaces are defined.

New definition of MV-semimodules

In recent years, A. Di Nola et al. studied the notions of MV-semiring and semimodules and investigated related results [9, 10, 12, 26]. Now in this paper, by using an MV-semiring and an MV-algebra, we introduce the new definition of MV-semimodule, study basic properties and find some examples. Then we study A-ideals on MV-semimodules and Q-ideals on MV-semirings, and by using them, we study the quotient structures of MV-semimodule. Finally, we present the notions of prime A-ideal, torsion free MV-semimodule and annihilator on MV-semimodule and we study the relations among them.

Intersection soft ideals and their quotients on KU-algebras

<abstract><p>In this paper, we have discussed quotient structures of KU-algebras by using the concept of intersection soft ideals. In general, the soft sets are parameterized families of sets that are used to dealt with uncertainty. In particular, We have given the fundamental homomorphism theorem of quotient KU-algebras. A characterization of commutative quotient KU-algebras, implicative quotient KU-algebras and positive implicative quotient KU-algebras are also presented.</p></abstract>

Filters in Strong BI-Algebras and Residuated Pseudo-SBI-Algebras

The concept of basic implication algebra (BI-algebra) has been proposed to describe general non-classical implicative logics (such as associative or non-associative fuzzy logic, commutative or non-commutative fuzzy logic, quantum logic). However, this algebra structure does not have enough characteristics to describe residual implications in depth, so we propose a new concept of strong BI-algebra, which is exactly the algebraic abstraction of fuzzy implication with pseudo-exchange principle (PEP). Furthermore, in order to describe the characteristics of the algebraic structure corresponding to the non-commutative fuzzy logics, we extend strong BI-algebra to the non-commutative case, and propose the concept of pseudo-strong BI (SBI)-algebra, which is the common extension of quantum B-algebras, pseudo-BCK/BCI-algebras and other algebraic structures. We establish the filter theory and quotient structure of pseudo-SBI- algebras. Moreover, based on prequantales, semi-uninorms, t-norms and their residual implications, we introduce the concept of residual pseudo-SBI-algebra, which is a common extension of (non-commutative) residual lattices, non-associative residual lattices, and also a special kind of residual partially-ordered groupoids. Finally, we investigate the filters and quotient algebraic structures of residuated pseudo-SBI-algebras, and obtain a unity frame of filter theory for various algebraic systems.

On near generalized rings

Near ring is a generalization of ring: addition need not beabelian, and (more importantly) only one distributive law is postulated. In this paper, we establish a new generalization of near ring, namely near generalized ring. We also investigate some interesting algebraic properties of the near generalized ring. Moreover, we discuss the concept of commutativities and homomorphisms of near generalized rings and then some related properties are investigated. Furthermore, we introduce the notion of quotient structures of near generalized rings using congruence relations. Finally, fundamental theorem of near generalized ring homomorphisms analogues of ring theory is obtained.

Quotient structures in lattice effect algebras

Quotient structures in lattice effect algebras

Hyperhomographies on Krasner Hyperfields

In this paper, we introduce generalized homographic transformations as hyperhomographies over Krasner hyperfields.These particular algebraic hyperstructues are quotient structures of classical fields modulo normal groups. Besides, we define some hyperoperations and investigate the properties of the derived hypergroups and H v -groups associated with the considered hyperhomographies. They are equipped hyperhomographies obtained as quotient sets of nondegenerate hyperhomographies modulo a special equivalence. Thus the symmetrical property of the equivalence relations plays a fundamental role in this constructions.

Ω-groups in the language of Ω-groupoids

We introduce Ω-groups as particular Ω-groupoids, a structure with a single binary operation and an Ω-equality replacing the classical one. The membership values belong to a complete lattice Ω. We analyze and compare languages in which such structures can be introduced. We prove the equivalence of approaches to Ω-groups as algebras with three operations and those in the language of Ω-groupoids. We also introduce a wider class of Ω-groups, so called weak Ω-groups for which different neutral elements and different inverses of the same member are equal up to the Ω-equality. For all these, quotient structures with respect to cuts of the Ω-equality are classical groups. We present basic features of Ω-groups in the language with one binary operation. As an application, we show that linear equations can be uniquely (up to Ω-equality) solved in these structures.

On cyclic hypergroups

In this paper, we introduce the concept of the index of a generator in a cyclic hypergroup, and show that a single power cyclic hypergroup is generated by an element with index [Formula: see text]. Also, a characterization of the fundamental relation on a cyclic hypergroup is given. Finally, we study corresponding quotient structures induced by regular (strongly regular) relations on cyclic hypergroups. As an application, the corresponding results on single power hypergroups are obtained.

Granulation of Hypernetwork Models under the q-Rung Picture Fuzzy Environment

In this paper, we define q-rung picture fuzzy hypergraphs and illustrate the formation of granular structures using q-rung picture fuzzy hypergraphs and level hypergraphs. Further, we define the q-rung picture fuzzy equivalence relation and q-rung picture fuzzy hierarchical quotient space structures. In particular, a q-rung picture fuzzy hypergraph and hypergraph combine a set of granules, and a hierarchical structure is formed corresponding to the series of hypergraphs. The mappings between the q-rung picture fuzzy hypergraphs depict the relationships among granules occurring at different levels. The consequences reveal that the representation of the partition of the universal set is more efficient through q-rung picture fuzzy hypergraphs and the q-rung picture fuzzy equivalence relation. We also present an arithmetic example and comparison analysis to signify the superiority and validity of our proposed model.

Quotient structures, homomorphisms, and partial wreath products in reality-based algebras

Homomorphisms and quotient structures of reality-based algebras are presented and described; related central idempotents and quotient sets are characterized; and the extent to which a homomorphism preserves the given anti-automorphisms of the algebras is determined. The notion of a partial wreath product, an algebraic abstraction of the wedge product of association schemes, is developed. Prototypical results previously obtained for various special cases (including table algebras and commutative C-algebras) are thus uniformly generalized.

An m-Polar Fuzzy Hypergraph Model of Granular Computing

An m-polar fuzzy model plays a vital role in modeling of real-world problems that involve multi-attribute, multi-polar information and uncertainty. The m-polar fuzzy models give increasing precision and flexibility to the system as compared to the fuzzy and bipolar fuzzy models. An m-polar fuzzy set assigns the membership degree to an object belonging to [ 0 , 1 ] m describing the m distinct attributes of that element. Granular computing deals with representing and processing information in the form of information granules. These information granules are collections of elements combined together due to their similarity and functional/physical adjacency. In this paper, we illustrate the formation of granular structures using m-polar fuzzy hypergraphs and level hypergraphs. Further, we define m-polar fuzzy hierarchical quotient space structures. The mappings between the m-polar fuzzy hypergraphs depict the relationships among granules occurring at different levels. The consequences reveal that the representation of the partition of a universal set is more efficient through m-polar fuzzy hypergraphs as compared to crisp hypergraphs. We also present some examples and a real-world problem to signify the validity of our proposed model.

Normal hyperideals in Krasner (m, n)-hyperrings

Abstract Using a new definition, with respect to [21], for normal hyperideals in Krasner (m, n)-hyperrings, we show that the corresponding quotient structures are (m, n)-rings. We prove equivalency of (strongly) regular and (strongly) compatible relations on n-ary hypergroups. Also, the connection between (m, n)-hyperfields and maximal normal hyperideals is investigated.