Quick Response Code Technology Research Articles

Secure digital wallet by using QR code: mapping of mobile payment in partially connected environment

Mobile payment is rising attention worldwide to pay for items from sender to receiver. QR (Quick Response) code technology relies on scan-and-pay techniques, does not require specific hardware, and allows a sender to easily scan the destination address of the payment directly from the receiver’s smartphone. Existing QR (Quick Response) Code-based payment solutions require full internet connectivity for transactions. Sometimes, the user does not have internet for mobile payment. To resolve this issue an innovative hybrid method is proposed which uses web and mobile-based applications for E-payment and transactions using QR (Quick Response) Code in a partially connected environment. Online senders can pay by scanning the QR code provided by the offline receiver. A prototype of the proposed model has been developed as Cloud Sarafa System (CSS) which offers a flexible solution. A Prototype of the proposed model tested via use cases and test cases. Data was collected from 350 participants to evaluate the performance report against the prototype of the proposed model which endorsed positive.

Implementasi Teknologi QR Code Tokoh Pahlawan Dalam Kegiatan Belajar Mengajar Di SD Katolik Yohanes Gabriel Sidodadi, Blitar

Technological advances in the modern era are now becoming a trend in the lives of every individual and in various fields. One of them is QR (Quick Response) Code technology in the Android-based Heroes application. This research explains the community service program, especially for partners at Yohanes Gabriel Catholic Elementary School located in Sidodadi, Garum District, Blitar Regency. Our service is by creating an application that contains sketches of the faces of Indonesian Heroes and their struggles both before and after independence, wrapped in short videos. The method used is face-to-face where we provide guidance to teachers in using the application we created and provide outreach to elementary school students regarding the application created. With this application which utilizes the latest technology, it has had a positive impact, especially for our partners at Yohanes Gabriel Catholic Elementary School, where the elementary school teachers can use the application we created in their teaching and learning activities.. Keywords: QR code; community service; android

E-Authentication System using QR Code and OTP

This paper proposes an authentication system that combines One-Time Password (OTP) and Quick Response (QR) code technologies to enhance security and user experience. The system generates an OTP and a unique QR code for each authentication attempt, which can be scanned using a mobile device to complete the authentication process. The QR code contains encrypted information about the user's identity and the OTP, which is verified by the server. The proposed system provides a secure, convenient, and efficient method for user authentication, which is crucial in today's digital world. An e-authentication system that uses OTP and QR code technology is a secure and efficient method for authenticating users in online transactions. This system combines the benefits of OTP and QR code technology to provide a two-factor authentication mechanism that is convenient for users and effective in preventing unauthorized access. This system aims to address the vulnerabilities of traditional username and password authentication by providing an additional layer of security through two-factor authentication. the system aims to prevent unauthorized access to online services and transactions. The system aims to provide a userfriendly and convenient authentication method that can be easily integrated into existing online platforms. It protect sensitive information and ensure that only authorized users can access online services and transactions

A Study of E-Authentication Systems Based on QR Codes Through Analysis

In order to improve security and user experience, this article suggests an authentication system that combines Quick Response (QR) code technology with One-Time Password (OTP) technology. Each time an authentication attempt is made, the system generates a unique QR code and an OTP that must be scanned with a mobile device in order to complete the authentication process. Encrypted data, validated by the server, including the user's identity and the OTP included in the QR code. An effective, user-friendly, and secure way of user identification is provided by the suggested system, which is essential in the modern digital world. An effective and safe way to authenticate consumers in online transactions is through an e-authentication system that makes use of OTP and QR code technologies. This method offers a straightforward two-factor authentication technique that effectively blocks illegal access by combining the advantages of OTP and QR code technology.

Restaurant menus and COVID-19: implications for technology adoption in the post-pandemic era

PurposeThis paper aims to systematically explore the experiences of restaurant patrons with quick response (QR) code menus during the pandemic to extract insights pertaining to the acceptance of technology adoption in service settings for the post-COVID era.Design/methodology/approachCOVID-19 has enormously impacted consumer perceptions toward technology adoption in restaurants. Identifying these impacts requires qualitative inquiries because qualitative techniques, unlike quantitative methods, enable researchers to seek insights into the phenomenon without a predetermined stance. This study applied a qualitative research method. The qualitative data was obtained through in-depth interviews and a focus group. Thematic analysis was conducted.FindingsThis study identified perceived attributes of QR code technology by patrons: positive attributes such as easy to learn, quick and contactless; and negative attributes such as effortful and reliance on a smartphone. Also, the results distinguished perceived advantages of utilization of QR codes as restaurants’ menu: advantages such as hygienic, environmentally friendly due to no printing and contactless; and disadvantages such as poor menu design and lack of interaction.Practical implicationsThis research presents patrons’ views on QR code menu utilization at restaurants under the pandemic conditions. Contradictory responses on the same features of technology reveal a lack of menu design in the utilization of QR codes. Restaurant practitioners can extract insights about how to better use technology like QR codes, cost-effective and environmentally friendly, in their operations in the postpandemic era.Originality/valueThis study included both deductive and inductive approaches. An inductive approach that progressed from theory to data was applied while forming interview questions. A deductive approach was used to inform theory with the findings of the data. The value of research derives from differentiating technology attributes (QR codes) and utilization domain (restaurant menu) in the realm of acceptance of technology in the consumer context.

QR code technology in individual identification training provides an introduction in hands-on forensic DNA genotyping to medical students

BackgroundForensic biology is a subject in the field of forensic science that stresses practical teaching and training in laboratory skills. Visualization of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) profiles is important in individual identification and is easily performed by well-trained examiners. Therefore, developing a novel training project for obtaining individual DNA profiles can improve the quality of teaching for medical students or trainees. DNA profiles based on quick response (QR) codes can also be applied to practical teaching and operation training for individual identification.MethodsA novel training project was developed through an experimental course in forensic biology. Blood samples and buccal swabs with oral epithelial cells, as used in the forensic DNA laboratory, were obtained from medical students at Fujian Medical University. DNA was isolated, and a number of short tandem repeat (STR) loci were used as genetic markers to generate DNA profiles. The students converted DNA profiles and individual information into a QR code. The QR code could then be scanned by a mobile phone for consulting and retrieval. Gene identity cards with QR codes were produced and provided to every student. The participation rate and passing rate of students who participated in the novel training project were calculated and compared with those of students in the traditional experimental course, and a chi-square test was carried out by SPSS 23.0 software to evaluate the teaching effectiveness. p < 0.05 indicated significant differences. In addition, a survey was conducted to investigate the likelihood of using of gene identity cards with QR codes in the future.ResultsA total of 54 of 91 medical students who studied forensic biology participated in the novel training project in 2021. Only 31 of 78 students who studied forensic biology participated in the traditional experimental course in 2020. The participation rate in the novel training project was 24% higher than that of the traditional experimental course. The participants in the novel training project showed better performance in forensic biological handling techniques. The passing rate of the students in the forensic biology course with the novel training project was approximately 17% higher than that of the students in the former course. The participation rates and passing rates of the two groups were significantly different (χ = 6.452, p = 0.008 and χ = 11.043, p = 0.001). In the novel training project, all participants made 54 gene identity cards with QR codes. Furthermore, in the DNA profiles of four African students who participated, we found two rare alleles that were not discovered in Asians. The survey showed that the use of gene identity cards with QR codes was accepted by most participants, and the likelihood of future utilization was 78%.ConclusionWe established a novel training project to promote the learning activities of medical students in experimental forensic biology courses. The participants showed great interest in using gene identity cards with QR codes to store general individual identity information and DNA profiles. They also examined the genetic population differences between different races based on DNA profiles. Hence, the novel training project could be useful for training workshops, forensic experimental courses, and medical big data research.

Impacts of tourists’ trust, perception and acceptance of health quick response technology on responsible pandemic travel behaviours

旅游者对健康快速反应技术的信任、感知和接受疫情大流行期间负责任旅游行为的影响研究目的本文旨在建立并实证检验一个理论框架, 以解释健康快速反应 (QR) 技术信任和接受对负责任的大流行旅行的影响。研究设计/方法/途径该研究整合了信任、信心和合作理论以及技术接受模型来解决研究目标。 采用配额抽样的方法, 在中国大陆对 1089 名受访者进行了全国在线调查。 应用结构方程模型来评估提出的假设。研究发现结果表明, 健康二维码技术信任可以提高旅行信心并减轻旅行恐惧, 这会影响游客的旅行意愿和社会疏远做法。 然而, 游客对健康二维码的接受鼓励了社会疏远行为, 而不是旅游意图。研究局限性/影响该研究说明了健康信息技术在大流行背景下提高游客信心和负责任的旅行行为方面的作用。 此外, 该研究通过调查健康相关技术的接受度与流行病旅行行为之间的关系, 支持并补充了技术接受度模型。研究实际意义这项研究帮助当地政府和旅游管理者评估健康二维码在中国大流行旅游中的有效性。 提供了提高游客信任度、技术采用和负责任行为的策略。研究独创性/价值这项研究与现有文献的不同之处在于调查了大流行旅行中的创新技术（即健康二维码）。 鉴于 COVID-19 爆发后健康二维码的流行, 它填补了知识空白并提供了改善大流行旅行安全的建议。

Utilization of Kodular for Android-Based Student Presence Application Development

One indicator of success in an educational institution is attendance. In collage the process of assessing an attendance can be recapitulated where in attendance recording is useful for student discipline assessment. This study aims to build student attendance applications by utilizing kodular in the development of android-based applications. Kodular which has provided tools to creat android applications with the concept of drag-drop block programming so that there is no need to type program code that makes it easy for users to create android applications. The use of this application uses a smart phone during the attendance process. The presence system design is made by utilizing Quick Response Code technology which will be scanned by students during lecture hours. This application is equipped with security using the GPS (Global positioning syste) feature which is useful for minimizing fraud committed by students. There is a location point that can be determined in the application so that students who do the attendance process outside the predetermined location will fail when making attendance..

Consumer perceptions of QR code technology for enhanced fluid milk shelf-life information provision in a retail setting

There is increasing awareness of the impact of food waste and the large role best-by or sell-by dates play in consumer food waste. To address this issue, predictive models have been developed that can not only provide more accurate best-by dates for fluid milk but could also be used to dynamically predict shelf-life (e.g., based on distribution data such as storage temperatures) and adjust prices for products closer to the end of shelf-life. However, limited information is available on strategies to communicate this type of information to consumers. Here we assessed the consumer acceptance of (1) quick response (QR) code technology to communicate product shelf-life and (2) shelf-life dependent pricing based on QR codes by offering both half-gallon fluid milk with traditional printed best-by dates and identical products with QR codes to convey best-by dates over an 8-wk time period in a retail setting. Overall, 62% of half-gallon containers sold over this time frame featured QR codes and 48% of QR code scans were linked to subsequent sales, suggesting the possibility of substantial consumer acceptance of novel technologies to display and communicate best-by dates. Preliminary data based on a small number of sales also showed that consumers did purchase QR code-labeled products offered at a reduced price due to limited remaining shelf-life. Our data suggest that at least some consumer segments would adopt QR code-based shelf-life labels, which presents an opportunity to better manage and communicate “best-by” dates and use dynamic pricing strategies to reduce food waste that occurs when an end-of-shelf-life product is either not sold or is discarded by consumers. Overall, QR codes represent a strategic opportunity for the dairy industry to achieve greater sustainability and to foster stronger connections with customers through enhanced provision of information that highlights sustainability practices implemented across the whole supply chain.

PENGEMBANGAN MODUL MATEMATIKA YANG TERINTEGRASI TEKNOLOGI QUICK RESPONSE CODE PADA MATERI PERSAMAAN GARIS LURUS KELAS VIII SMP

The purpose of this research is to develop a Mathematics Module with Quick Response Code Technology on Linear Equations that is valid and practical to support the success of the mathematics learning process for class VIII SMP/MTs. This module uses the Plomp development model which consists of 3 stages, namely the preliminary research, the development or prototyping and the assessment. The subjects of this research were 12 students grade VIII of SMPN 6 SOLSEL. The instruments used are validity sheets and practicality sheets .The mathematics module is valid with 83.81% results in the valid category. Practicality based on student response questionnaires. The results of the questionnaire obtained a practical value of 80.43% with a practical category. Thrus, it can be said that the Mathematics Module with Quick Response Code Technology on Line Equation Material for Class VIII SMP/MTs that has been produced can be declared valid and practical. Keywords – Development, Linear equation ,Module, Quick Response Code

A route and speed optimization model to find conflict-free routes for automated guided vehicles in large warehouses based on quick response code technology

This paper focuses on exploring conflict-free routes for automated guided vehicles (AGVs) based on quick response (QR) code technology. Intelligent warehousing has become an industrial development trend, with an increasing number of enterprises deploying AGVs based on QR code technology for transportation tasks, especially in large warehouses. Unlike the early single lane path following navigation systems, AGVs using QR code technology can freely switch tracks at any position. And two AGVs can be accommodated side by side. The conditions of conflict-free routes are analyzed firstly when AGVs use QR code navigation system. After that, a route and speed optimization model (RSOM) that aims at minimizing energy consumption and taking conflict-free routes with time windows as the constraint condition is established. Then a branch-and-bound (B&B) algorithm scheme is proposed by altering AGV routes or speed to arrive at schemes with conflict-free routes to complete transportation tasks. Lastly, the effectiveness and validity of our proposed model and algorithm are verified by numerical examples and a case study. The results show that resolving conflicts during route planning for AGVs guided through QR code have advantages over avoiding collision in the running phase by technology and path following techniques in both aspects of solution time and energy. In addition, the established B&B algorithm has better performance than the rapid-exploringrandomtree (RRT) algorithm in numerical examples. The gaps between them widen as the size of AGVs increases. The research work has potential for application to meet the requirements of AGV development.

MOBILE WALLETS AND CONSUMER SPENDING IN SINGAPORE: AGARWAL et al. REVISITED

Agarwal et al. ( 2019 ). Mobile wallet and entrepreneurial growth. AEA Papers and Proceedings, 109, 48–53 analyze the impact of the introduction of quick response (QR) codes for mobile payments in Singapore. They find that this not only resulted in a significant increase in the use of mobile wallets, but that there was also a positive spillover effect on debit and credit card payments — in particular at small and new businesses. This note argues that the increase in card sales cannot have been driven by the QR code technology. I also proffer an alternative explanation, namely, that Agarwal et al. simply capture the concurrent increase in popularity of contactless cards.

Intervention Development: Quick Response Code Implementation for Point-of-Care Training Needs in the Emergency Department

The rise of a digital native generation of nurses entering the ED workforce prompts a need for targeted training resources to meet their needs and preferences. The purpose of this intervention was to (1) leverage Quick Response code technology to provide point-of-care information as it relates to high-risk, low-volume therapies, (2) improve staff nurse perception toward the ease of access to educational and training materials, and (3) improve staff perception of the adequacy of educational and training resources. Training videos ranging in length from 2 to 3 minutes were created and linked through Quick Response codes for smartphone scanning and affixed to relevant pieces of equipment. Nurses were asked to complete project-specific surveys before implementation (n = 20) and at 4 months postimplementation (n = 26). After the second project-specific survey, nearly all (96.2%) of the surveyed nurses described their ease of access to informational materials as extremely easy or somewhat easy. Approximately 93.7% stated yes to having adequate educational resources to meet their training needs, an increase of 50% in comparison with the first project-specific survey. There is a great opportunity to capitalize on the potential preferences of this younger, technologically savvy generation of nurses through Quick Response code implementation and point-of-care training to improve competency with high-risk, low-volume therapies. This intervention could also be tailored to many other aspects of nurse training and education in various settings.

Quick response code applications in medical and cardiology settings: a systematic scoping review.

ABSTRACTAIMTo review published literature on the use of quick response (QR) codes within medical and cardiology settings.METHODSMedline, Scopus Search and Cochrane Library were used to conduct the research. Title and abstract review of 376 publications was performed. Papers which discussed the application of QR codes in medical setting were included. A total of 151 articles were reviewed and thematic analysis conducted to understand how QR codes are currently used in the medical setting, the medical areas in which they are mostly used, their applications in cardiovascular area.RESULTSThe analysis of 151 articles revealed that QR code technology is mainly used in the medical field to: 1) collect data via survey, 2) educate medical staff or students and 3) provide information about therapies or surgery. The medical area in which QR codes are most used is the clinical one, but only 3.3% of publications concern cardiovascular settings. A third of the QR code-related articles of 2020 is about Covid-19.CONCLUSIONSDifferent uses of QR codes in medical setting are increasing. QR codes might represent an easy and convenient digital tool to collect data and implement telemedicine programs on a large scale involving also the cardiovascular setting.

Enhanced Business Marketing for Small Scale Enterprises Via the Quick Response Code Technology

In business marketing, there has been a growing need to bridge the gap between digital destination or online content, and the paper-based communication media. In other words, there is need for instant accessibility of both online and offline media contents via a single platform in order to reach a vast majority of potential customers. A deployment of the Quick Response Code Technology into the business marketing plan will bridge this gap. Quick Response code Technology is perceived to be cutting edge though it has been around since 1994, but most business owners and entrepreneurs are unaware of its capability to improve their marketing drive, especially now that majority of potential customers make use of mobile devices. Using the Quick Response (QR) code technology, it is possible to digitally connect consumers of your paper-based content to your online content in a matter of seconds. By reading and decoding the encrypted QR code using a smartphone, customers can gain access to business information that may not contain on a small business card. This is the missing link for the much desired breakthrough in business marketing for Small and Medium Scale Enterprises around the globe. The technology can be used to track information about products in a supply chain and to promote marketing and advertisement campaigns. By connecting consumers of your paper-based content to the internet, a smartphone user can have access to product information, and to company’s website or social media pages. In this paper, we have exposed the potential benefits of the Quick Response code technology on Business Marketing, especially for Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs), who can only afford little budget for affiliate marketing agencies and other promotional marketing strategies. Again, using the Roger’s Innovation Decision Process Theory, and the CIPP Evaluation Model, we proposed a suitable model of the Quick Response Code Technology to enhance marketing drive for small scale enterprises. This technology will increasingly play an enabling role in future mobile strategy for product sales, information access and promotional programs.

Quick Response Codes: An Innovative Approach to Just-in-Time Education.

Many nurses are digital natives who have grown up with advanced technology. Bedside competence is essential, and written policies and procedures guide our practice. Newer learning styles, time constraints, and available personnel may be barriers to historical approaches to information dissemination. Quick Response code technology was incorporated to provide just-in-time resources that can be readily accessed at the point of care. Nurses have incorporated Quick Response codes in novel ways to provide quick resources in a dynamic environment. Examples include orientation documents, educational rollouts, infrequently used and high-risk equipment, and leadership updates. Bedside nurses in our institution have embraced this technology. Benefits include engagement, increased knowledge, and a sense of value among our nursing team.

Consumers’ Intention to Use Mobile Payment: A Case of Quick Response (QR) Code Applications

Many transactions, nowadays such as banking, transportations, online shopping and bills payments, are implemented using mobile payment. To date, many mobile payment services are available in Malaysia, with companies offering their services competitively. However, adoption rates in Malaysia are considered slow due to many reasons. This study investigates the factors that affect consumer intention to use mobile payment based on QR code technology. A proposed model based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT2) model was adapted to identify the factors that affect the use of mobile payments. A survey instrument was developed based on the proposed model. Data were collected from 50 consumers who used QR code mobile payments in Klang Valley. The quantitative analysis method was adopted and the SPSS statistical tool was used to analyze the data using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Results have shown that several factors significantly affect consumer intention to use QR code-based payment namely performance expectancy, effort expectancy, hedonic motivation, habit, and trust. This study provides meaningful insight on the reasons why consumers used QR codebased payment.

Using QR Code Technology to Reduce Self-Administered Medication Errors

Background: Data indicate there are tens of thousands of self-administered medication errors each year in the United States alone. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether information embedded in Quick Response (QR) codes could reduce self-administered medication errors compared to current medication labeling among older and younger age groups. Methods: Two population samples (Arizona State University undergraduates and senior citizens over 70; n = 55) were recruited for participation. Participants were randomly assigned to 2 groups: one with access to QR code-based information (graphic and text) and a second group with only bottle label information. Participants were allowed 30 minutes to answer 17 scenario-based questions about administering their medications. Results: Statistically significant main effects of more correct answers when using QR code than current bottle labeling, F1, 51 = 181.57, P < .001, η2 = 0.78, and for younger adults compared to older, F1, 51 = 24.4, P < .001, η2 = 0.33. Conclusion: The study supports the use of QR code technology to increase patient safety of self-administered medications in both older and younger age groups. Future research is needed to address the technological and usability aspects of implementation (eg, phone app, voice, graphic, and text presentation).

Revisiting quick response code technology: corporate perspectives

Revisiting quick response code technology: corporate perspectives

The Effect of Using Mobile Device With Quick Response Code on Academic Performance Amongst Pediatric Nursing Students

Mobile devices are more powerful and portable nowadays with plenty of useful tools for assisting people handle daily life. Mobile technology and quick response (QR) codes have great potential to improve teaching and learning because mobile technologies enable learning across multiple contexts, through social and content interactions. Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to evaluate effect of using mobile device with quick response code on the academic performance amongst pediatric nursing students. Design: A quasi-experimental research design was used to conduct the study. Settings: This study was carried out in clinical pediatric laboratory skills for third year students and teaching hall of Faculty of Nursing / Benha University. Sample: A purposive sample 180 pediatric nursing students from third year, pediatric nursing department regardless their characteristics, the students randomly selected by a systematic random sample and divided into two identical groups (90 student as a study group) and (90 as a control group). Tools of data collection: Four tools consist of three parts, Tool (1): A structured interviewing questionnaire: to gather data in relation to characteristics of the study subjects, pediatric nursing student’s knowledge regarding mobile learning. Tool (2): Likert scale: attitude scale toward mobile learning: To assess the pediatric nursing student’s attitude toward mobile web quick response code. Tool (3): An observational checklist sheet; It was developed by the researchers in the light of relevant literature reviewto assess pediatric nursing students in clinical pediatric nursing skills. Results: The results showed that, that there was a highly statistically significant difference in knowledge, attitude and practice score for the studied student regarding mobile learning between study and control at post training as compared to preof training implementation (P=<0.001).Conclusion: the study was concluded that, the pediatric nursing students gain a satisfactory knowledge, practice skills and attitude toward the mobile learning. Recommendations: The nursing staff should be create specific strategies for using mobile web quick response code technology such as guidelines for taking pictures and videos during lectures or clinical practices.