Descriptive Questions Research Articles

The Effect of Habits of Mindo n Junior High School Students’ Mathematics Communication Ability

This research aims to determine the effect of habits of mind on junior high school students' mathematical communication skills on triangles and quadrilaterals. Habits of Mind is defined as a habit of thinking that is carried out as an intelligent behavior pattern when faced with a problem whose solution isn’t easily known so that productive action occurs. The problem in this research is motivated by its importance habits of mind in learning mathematics and improving students' mathematical abilities. The method used in this research is method ex post facto. The population in this study were all class VIII students in one of Junior High Schools in Karawang Regency. The sample in this study was 42 students using the technique purposive sampling. The instrument used in this research is a test, namely mathematical communication skills which consists of 5 (five) description questions. Apart from that, it also uses non-test instruments in the form of questionnaires habits of mind which consists of 30 statements. Data analysis was carried out using simple linear regression techniques. The research results obtained a linear regression equation Y = -25.065 + 1.345X. The magnitude of the correlation coefficient r2 = 0.848 and coefficient of determination = 84.8%. This shows that there is habits of mind had an influence on students' mathematical communication skills of 84.8%, while 15.6% was influenced by other factors not measured in this research.

Relationship between autonomic nervous function and brain functions such as memory and attention

This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between autonomic nervous function (ANF) and cognitive abilities, such as memory and attention, using the Kana pick-out test (KPT). The participants were 11 female college students aged 21 years old. Each participant completed the KPT ten times, during which their ANF was assessed via heart rate variability analysis. During the KPT, participants circled Japanese vowels in a 400-character story written in hiragana. We measured attention using the KPT score and assessed memory using a memory score based on ten descriptive questions about the story. Statistical analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between higher KPT and memory scores, indicating a link between memory and attention. The parasympathetic sinus modulation marker, high-frequency component power (HF), decreased during the kana-picking task (Interval B) and recovered during the subsequent content verification task (Interval C). In Interval A (before the kana-picking task), the HF showed a positive correlation with both the KPT and memory scores. Additionally, a positive correlation was observed between HF and memory scores during interval B. Other autonomic nervous indices, including low-frequency component power (LF), total power (TP), and LF/HF ratio, also showed significant correlations with KPT and memory scores. Our findings strongly suggest that ANF is intricately connected to cognitive functions, such as memory and attention. This indicates that monitoring ANF could provide a novel methodology for assessing learning and occupational efficiency.

AI 도구 활용에 관한 초등교사의 인식 분석

Objectives The purpose of this study is to understand the level of awareness of AI tools among elementary school teachers, their perceptions of the use of AI tools at different stages of lesson design, and their considerations when introducing AI tools into the classroom. Methods For this purpose, a survey was conducted among 130 teachers working in elementary schools. To analyze the survey results, the frequency, mean value, and standard deviation of each question were analyzed, and independent sample t-test and one-way analysis of variance were conducted to check the significance of differences by respondents' characteristics. In addition, a data visualization technique called ‘word cloud’ was used for open-ended descriptive questions, and a keyword-centered analysis method was used to summarize the main questions and categorize and code key words for analysis. Results The main findings of the study are as follows First, According to our survey, elementary school teachers use Entry, ChatGPT, and Autodraw the most among the AI tools they use in the classroom. Second, When analyzing elementary school teachers' perceptions of using AI tools in lesson design, we found that they expect the most help from AI tools in the assessment phase (M=4.07) and the most help in automating assignment and test grading (M=4.35). Third, elementary teachers were more likely to be positive about the need to utilize AI tools, but less likely to be optimistic about their readiness. Fourth, elementary school teachers cited difficulty in preparing education for AI tools (M=4.02) as a reason for the difficulty in utilizing AI tools, and the configuration of facilities and educational environment for utilizing AI tools (M=4.25) as an enabling factor for utilizing AI tools. Fifth, according to the word cloud analysis, diverse teaching and learning was cited as an expectation for the introduction of AI tools, over-reliance was cited as a concern, and continuous and gradual teacher training was cited as a way to increase the use of AI tools. Conclusions This study has several implications for the use of AI tools in education. First, teacher education is needed to ensure that elementary school teachers have expertise in AI tools and can actively utilize them. Second, AI-based educational platforms that can be used across the board in lesson design should be developed and utilized in the classroom. Third, we need to expand the infrastructure to support the use of AI tools in schools. Fourth, administrative and technical support is needed to ensure that the use of AI tools does not lead to additional work for teachers.

The Influence of Problem-Based Learning Model Assisted by PhET Media on Critical Thinking Skills and Physics Learning Outcomes of High School Students

This study aims to test the effect of problem-based learning model assisted by PhET media on critical thinking skills and physics learning outcomes of high school students. The type of research used is a Quasi experiment twith a pretest posttest control group design. The population in this study were all students of class XI of SMA Negeri 5 Mataram. The research sample used class XI 3 as many as 32 people as the experimental class and class XI 2 as many as 32 people as the control class. The experimental class was given treatment using a problem-based learning model assisted by PhET media and the control class used a conventional model. The test instrument used 5 descriptive questions to measure critical thinking skills and 6 questions to measure students' physics learning outcomes. The hypothesis test used in this study was the manova test. The results of the hypothesis test showed a significance value of 0.007 less than 0.05, so H_0 was rejected and H_a was accepted. Based on these results, it was concluded that there was an effect of the problem-based learning model assisted by PhET media on critical thinking skills and physics learning outcomes of high school students.

ANALISIS HAMBATAN BELAJAR (LEARNING OBSTACLE) SISWA SMP TERHADAP PENALARAN ALJABAR

This study aims to identify learning barriers experienced by junior high school students in understanding algebraic concepts and analyze how these barriers affect students' ability to solve number pattern problems. Indicators of epistemological barriers in the study are barriers to understanding concepts, barriers in applying procedures and barriers in operations. This type of research uses a qualitative approach with a case study type of research. This research was conducted at SMPN 3 Labuapi in the 2023/2024 school year. The instruments used in this study were descriptive test questions, interviews and documentation on students of class VIII-A SMPN 3 Labuapi. The subjects in this study were 6 students of class VIII-A SMPN 3 Labuapi. The instrument used in this research is a description test question as many as two questions and conducting interviews with each subject. Interviews were conducted to find out student obstacles in algebraic reasoning on number pattern material. The results of the analysis show that there is an epistemological obstacle in the 1 students of SMPN 3 Labuapi, namely errors in determining formulas, theorems or definitions and also errors in calculating values and the steps for solving number pattern problems that are ordered are not appropriate and errors in writing formulas that cause errors in calcu[i]lations. And the results of this study show that there are still many students experience epistemological barriers in the conceptual barriers section, procedural barriers and operational technique barriers.

Development Of Invertebrate Instruments To Improve Critical Thinking

Research instruments are tools used to collect research data, both qualitative and quantitative data. Qualitative data can be in the form images, words, and/or other objects that are non-numerical, while quantitative data is data that is or is in the form of numbers. This research was used as an assessment test to measure students' critical thinking in junior high school, specifically invertebrate material. For students, assessment instruments function as a means of evaluating their understanding of the material taught by the teacher. Therefore, teachers need to develop assessment instruments that can stimulate students to develop critical thinking skills. This research uses the RND method with the ADDIE model. Five descriptive questions will be developed, each reflecting an indicator of critical thinking skills which serves as a guide in making test instruments. The five indicators of critical thinking skills and the detailed questions that represent them. This test assessment instrument was tested on 40 individuals using validity and reliability tests, including students, prospective teachers and teachers.The research results show that this instrument can be used and is declared valid with a validity value of 81.11% and is declared valid, while for reliability it gets a score above 0.6 which is categorized as reliable and Critical thinking test assessment instruments on invertebrate material can be used by teachers.

온라인 동영상 수업 후 서술형 평가상의 쓰기에서 나타나는 오류 분석: 공과대학 1학년 기초미적분학 강좌를 중심으로

Objectives This study attempted to qualitatively examine the errors that appear in the descriptive type assessment after online video classes. Methods For this purpose, we qualitatively analyzed the errors appearing in 5 descriptive type questions in the mid-term and final exams for first-year engineering students at a local college. They are taking basic precalculus in the first semester of 2022. The 5 questions were divided into drawing a graph(3 questions) and descriptive type writing(2 questions), and the types of errors that emerged as a result are as follows. Results First, in the drawing a graph questions, there were errors in conceptual errors, errors regarding the domain, asymptote notation errors, coordinate notation errors, writing explanation errors, omitting convexity mentions, omitting inflection points mentions, and errors of omitting algebraic expressions for determining graph shape). Second, in the descriptive type writing questions, errors in problem recognition, incorrect use of problem conditions, substitution errors, rationalization errors, technical errors, omission of the solution process, logically inappropriate reasoning, and errors due to mistakes or carelessness appeared. Conclusions In addition, as a result of a detailed analysis according to the type of error shown in each question, it was emerged that college students also had errors similar to those made by high school students in drawing graphs and solving descriptive type problems.

PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN SEARCH, SOLVE, CREATE, AND SHARE (SSCS) TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIS PESERTA DIDIK

This study aims to determine whether there is an effect of the Search, Solve, Create, and Share (SSCS) learning model on students' mathematical problemsolving ability and to see how much influence the SSCS learning model has on students' mathematical problemsolving skills. This research uses a quantitative approach with a quasi-experiment method with a pretest-posttest control group design. The population of this study were all VIII grade students in one of the junior high schools in Bogor Regency. The samples used were class VIII-2 as the control class using conventional learning model and class VIII-4 as the experimental class using SSCS learning model. Data was collected through a mathematical problemsolving ability test in the form of five description questions on Social Arithmetic material. The data obtained were analyzed using T test and Effect Size test. The results of data analysis showed that there was an effect of SSCS learning model on students' mathematical problemsolving ability. The effect size of SSCS learning model on students' mathematical problemsolving ability is 0.39 with moderate category.

Profil kemampuan komunikasi peserta didik materi SPLDV

This research aims to find out and describe how high the mathematical communication skills of Grade IX Middle School (SMP) students are on the material Systems of Linear Equations in Two Variables (SPLDV). This study involved students in class IX-D at one of the State Middle Schools in Karawang Regency for the 2023/2024 academic year as research subjects. Purposive sampling technique was used to select subjects and obtained 32 students. Qualitative descriptive research was used. The data collection method was carried out using a mathematical communication ability evaluation tool which consisted of three descriptive questions. The data processing technique used descriptive statistics to determine the high, medium and low categories of all students in classes IX-D. It is proven from the result of the students’ mathematical communication skills test that they are in the low classification because they show an average score of 32,00957.

ITEM ANALYSIS OF THE CRITICAL THINKING TEST INSTRUMENT ON TEMPERATURE AND HEAT USING RASCH MODELLING

The purpose of this study was to analyse the test items of the critical thinking test instrument usingRasch modelling. This research is a quantitative research. The sample determination used simple random sampling method and the subjects obtained were class XII students at one of the high schools in Bandung city consisting of 36 students. The research instrument used was a critical thinking ability test question consisting of 10 description questions. The results showed that the value of the difficulty level of the items was in the range of -2.45 to 1.86 and the average SEM was 0.31. Meanwhile, item reliability was 0.93, person reliability was 0.90, and Cronbach's alpha was 0.92. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that overall the items are declared fit with the Rasch model. Therefore, the critical thinking test instrument can be used by researchers to measure students' critical thinking skills.

KESALAHAN SISWA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL CERITA PADA MATERI ARITMETIKA: SUATU PENELITIAN KUALITATIF BERDASARKAN PROSEDUR POLYA

This research aims to describe the mistakes made by students when solving questions according to the Polya procedure. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative. The method used for data collection consisted of written tests and interviews. A written test was given to 18 students from class VIIC, which consisted of 4 descriptive questions; after that, from the results of the written test, three students were selected to be interview subjects. The interview process was selected based on ability, from those with high, medium and low ability. In this research, the stage used to analyze data is identifying error data according to the Polya procedure. This research shows the mistakes made by class VIIC students of SMP Negeri 11 Manado in solving story questions on Social Arithmetic material. Based on the Polya procedure in solving math story problems on social arithmetic material, it can be seen that the percentage of errors made by students most often occurs, namely errors in rechecking 40%, errors in completing planning 33.84%, planning solutions 30.76%, understanding the problem 26.15 %. Students do not write down what they know and are asked according to the question given, make mistakes in determining the mathematical model used and, do not write down the formula in solving the problem, make mistakes in determining the steps to solve the problem so that they experience errors incorrect calculations and the mistakes that are most often made students do not write down the final answer or are wrong in determining the final answer

INTEGRATION OF GEOGEBRA-BASED DIRECT LEARNING MODELS: IMPLEMENTATION IN MATHEMATICS LEARNING

Teachers need to integrate applications/media into mathematics learning to improve the quality of mathematics learning. Initial observation results show that teachers in the learning process only use direct learning models without involving learning media that can attract students' interest in learning. This results in low student learning outcomes in Tangent Lines to Circles material. One application that can be used as a mathematics learning medium is the GeoGebra application. This research aims to describe the learning outcomes of class VIII students at SMP N 1 Eris on Tangent Lines to Circles material taught using the direct learning model with the GeoGebra application, which is better than the learning outcomes of students taught using the direct learning model without the GeoGebra application. The research subjects were class VIIIA as an experimental class (a class that used a direct learning model with the GeoGebra application) consisting of 20 students and class VIIIB as a control class (a class that used a direct learning model) composed of 20 students. The instrument used in this research is a test in the form of essay questions to measure student learning outcomes. The data collection technique is to give a pretest and posttest in the form of descriptive questions consisting of 5 questions. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that learning using the direct learning model with the GeoGebra application on circle tangent material in class VIII students at SMP Negeri 1 Eris is better than learning using the direct learning model without the GeoGebra application

Challenges in secondary school education: profile of physics students' critical thinking skills

For students to be able to compete and overcome challenges in the future, critical thinking is essential. The study’s descriptive methodology aims to describe the students’ critical thinking abilities. Every high school in a South Sulawesi district made up the research population. Based on school accreditation, with the use of a proportionate stratified random sampling technique, 150 students were chosen to comprise the research sample. The test instrument used is an essay distributed online. The indicators for the description questions are interpretation, analysis, and interpretation thinking skills. According to the study’s findings, students’ critical thinking abilities in static fluid material have an average score in the medium category of 73.09. In terms of school accreditation, students' physics critical thinking abilities average 73.87 for schools with A accreditation, 72.43 for schools with B accreditation, and 68.47 for schools with C accreditation. The percentage of each indicator of critical thinking skills is 34.58 in inference, 33.70 in analysis, and 31.71 in interpretation. It is anticipated that this study will give a broad picture of students’ critical thinking competencies for teachers to choose and implement the most suitable stimulus to aid students in developing their critical thinking abilities.

Improving Mathematical Understanding Ability Using Tournament Learning with the Help of Panta Media

Students' understanding of mathematical concepts is still relatively low, especially in data material. One of them is caused by the learning process which is still student-centered. So this research aims to find out how to increase student's ability to understand mathematical concepts using tournament-based learning with the help of panta media. This type of research is quasi-experimental with a nonequivalent control group research design. The population used was class V students in North Sumedang District with research samples from class V at SDN Sindang II as the experimental class and SDN Jatihurip as the control class. The instrument used is a test of the ability to understand mathematical concepts with description questions. The analysis technique in this research is the mean difference test (paired sample t-test and independent sample t-test) which has been tested for normality and homogeneity. To determine the increase in students' mathematical abilities, the N-Gain test was carried out. The two classes were given different treatments, namely the experimental class with tournament-based learning assisted by panta media and the control class with conventional learning. The increase in students' ability to understand mathematical concepts can be seen from the average N-Gain results in the experimental class of 0.6500 in the moderate improvement category and in the control class of 0.2591 which is classified as low improvement. The two classes have significant differences in their ability to understand mathematical concepts. It was concluded that tournament-based learning with the help of panta media can improve students' understanding of mathematical concepts.

THE IMPACT OF IMPLEMENTING NUMBERED HEADS TOGETHER COOPERATIVE LEARNING MODEL ON THE COMMUNICATION SKILL OF STUDENT AT JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL 3 TEBO

Low student communication skills have been the cause of this research, which had an impact on learning outcomes because there had not been training on students' communication skills through the application of appropriate learning models. The learning process, which still uses conventional learning models, namely group discussions, has not made each student active and responsible for group assignments and has not trained communication skills in scientific arguments. Therefore, an appropriate learning model is needed, one of which is the Numbered Head Together (NHT) type cooperative learning model. The aim of the research is to determine the effect of implementing the NHT type cooperative learning model on the communication skills of SMPN 3 Tebo students. The research uses a Quasi-Experimental type of research with a Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The research began with a pretest in the experimental class and control class, then treatment was given to the experimental class, and at the end of the learning process, a posttest was given to both classes. Samples were taken using purposive sampling technique. The test instrument consists of 13 description questions. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel to carry out prerequisite tests and hypothesis tests on overall communication skills and each ability indicator. The results of the research showed that there was an increase in students' overall communication skills between before and after treatment. Through the Mann Whitney test with Zcount -5.32 and Ztabel 1.96 with the criterion that H0 is accepted if –Ztabel ≤ Zcount ≤ Ztabel, then Zcount -5.32 < -Ztabel -1.96, then H0 is rejected, and H1 is accepted. It can be concluded that there is a significant influence of implementing the Numbered Head Together type learning model on the communication skills of students at SMP Negeri 3 Tebo Regency.

The effect of self-efficacy and mathematical anxiety on students' mathematical communication skills

This study aims to identify and examine the effect of self-efficacy and mathematical anxiety on students' mathematical communication skills. This study used a quantitative method with a survey design. The population of this study was students of class X at SMA Negeri 2 Cianjur and the sample used was students of class X-D to X-G, totaling 34 people. The sampling technique was carried out by purposive sampling. Data regarding self-efficacy and mathematical anxiety using a questionnaire each amounted to 20 statements and data regarding students' mathematical communication abilities used a test which amounted to 5 description questions with quadratic function material. The data processing technique used is multiple linear regression tests, by fulfilling the prerequisite tests including the normality test, homoscedasticity test, linearity test and multicollinearity test. Based on the research results, it was found that the P value was 0.074, meaning > 0.05, then H0 was accepted and H1 was rejected. This means that there is no influence between self-efficacy and mathematical anxiety on students' mathematical abilities.

ANALISIS PENGARUH PEMAHAMAN KONSEP TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH PADA MATERI TEOREMA PYTHAGORAS

This study aims to describe how the influence of conceptual understanding on the problem solving abilities of class VIII students at MTs Negeri 6 Pasuruan, on the Pythagorean theorem material. This study used a descriptive qualitative method with 3 research sample, which were selected using a purposive sampling technique. The research instrument used was a conceptual understanding questionnaire which contained 5 descriptive questions and 5 statements with correct, doubtful and false answer choices to determine the research sample. Then a problem solving test according to the Polya problem solving steps as many as 2 description questions. The results of the study showed that students with high conceptual understanding had good problem solving abilities and did not experience difficulties and did problem solving according to Polya’s steps. Students with moderate understanding of concepts have good abilities but experience difficulties in solving problems and according to Polya steps. Whereas students with low conceptual understanding have poor problem-solving abilities, so they experience difficulties and do not solve problems according to Polya’s steps.

Wikimedia Australia and first nations metadata: utilising the ATSILIRN protocols to create culturally appropriate description and access

ABSTRACT Protocols have been utilised as a tool to build dialogue on the management of Indigenous knowledges in a library and archive context. This paper discusses how the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Protocols for Libraries, Archives and Information Services (ATSILIRN [n.d.] Protocols for Libraries Archives and Information Services. http://atsilirn.aiatsis.gov.au/protocols.php) could guide Wikimedia projects and Wikipedia and Wikidata editors to better describe Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander content in a self-determined and culturally appropriate manner. Focussing specifically on questions of Description and Classification (Protocol 5), the paper examines the limitations of current metadata and Wikipedia practices and opportunities for embedding and being led by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander worldviews and principles. Overall, the article contributes to further understanding the challenges and opportunities of including Indigenous knowledges and perspectives in open access platforms.

Identifying the Mathematical Concept Understanding Ability of Junior High School Students in Learning Linear Function Material

Understanding mathematical and mathematical concepts is one of my fundamental abilities. Therefore, it is necessary to teach mathematics by emphasizing concept understanding so that students are trained to solve problems with the concepts they understand appropriately. This study aims to analyze the knowledge of mathematical concepts of students at junior high school level grade VIII on linear function material. This research is qualitative research with a descriptive method. The research subjects were VIII grade students, as many as 33 students. Data collection through two description questions was then analyzed according to the ability of high, medium, and low student categories. Furthermore, direct interviews were conducted to obtain more in-depth information about students' understanding of mathematical concepts. The results showed that 39.39% of students had high-category mathematical concept understanding ability (ST), 6.06% of students in the medium category (SS), and 54.55% of students in the low category (SR). ST fulfills all indicators with the correct answer, and SS fulfills all indicators, but the answers produced could be more precise. SR cannot apply concepts, so it only fulfills some indicators, which results in errors in solving problems.

Implementation of problem based learning model assisted by powerpoint and space building props on the surface area of cubes and beams in fourth grade students SDN Teluk Pucung I

One of the efforts to overcome students' low understanding of the material surface area of cubes and blocks is through the application of innovative learning models. The research aims to improve students' understanding of the material of the surface area of cubes and blocks through Problem Based Learning models assisted by powerpoint media and props for building cubes and blocks. The study used the collaborative classroom action research model of Kemmis Mc Taggart. The participants of the study were 16 students consisting of 10 female students and 6 male students in grade VI SDN Teluk Pucung I. Researchers collected data through observation, interview, and test techniques. Observation and interview techniques are useful for obtaining data on the implementation of research. Meanwhile, test techniques are used to measure students' understanding in the form of description questions. Researchers analyze data through three stages, namely reducing data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions. The data that has been analyzed is then validated through triangulation techniques. Research findings show an improvement in reading skills in each cycle. Referring to the research findings, the researcher concluded that the application of the Problem Based Learning model assisted by powerpoint media and teaching aids for building cubes and blocks can increase students' understanding of the material surface area of cubes and blocks