Questions Of Attitude Research Articles

Prevalence of problematic eating behavior and assessment of awareness on eating disorder among medical students

Background: There are few studies that highlight the problematic eating behavior of college students; however, similar data on the medical undergraduate population is sparse, especially in India. Awareness among medical students would be considered different compared to other students, owing to their training and education. Aim: To know the prevalence of problematic eating behavior in medical undergraduate students and to measure the extent of awareness regarding problematic eating behavior present amongst the students. Materials and Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional study conducted over 2 months that included students (1st -4th year and interns) aged 17–30 years, studying MBBS. Ethical approval to do the study was taken from the Institutional Ethics Committee. Purposive sampling was done. Those students who gave informed consent to be a part of this study and were not diagnosed with any severe mental and physical illness were included in this study. Socio-demographic data was collected in a semi-structured proforma. The questionnaire was given to the students to fill up. The questionnaire included EAT-26 (Eating Attitudes Test-26) score for screening the students for problematic eating behavior. For objectively assessing awareness amongst the students regarding the same, a few questions of knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) on problematic eating were included in the form. The result was analyzed using SPSS- 25 (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) and appropriate statistical tests. Results: Among Medical undergraduates, 19.9% had EAT-26 score more than or equal to 20, suggesting some problematic eating behavior. A total of 36.7% of students were obese, while 5.6% were underweight. Gender and background do not play any role in the causation of Problematic Eating Behaviour (PEB). There was a significant difference in the EAT score with respect to the education of the head of the family (P < 0.01), positive history of mental illness in the family (P = 0.01), positive history of childhood obesity (P < 0.01), and positive history of bullying (P < 0.01). Awareness or knowledge about eating disorders is high among MBBS graduates, which could be a protective factor in general. Conclusion: Obesity is a more concerning issue in the medical undergraduate population rather than underweight. Childhood obesity and bullying emerge as important factors affecting the eating attitudes and behavior among medical graduates

Study of knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding hepatitis B infection in first-degree relatives of patients suffering with hepatitis B infection

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a significant public health problem in third-world countries, including India. The risk of infection among close family members of patients infected with chronic HBV infection is four to six times higher than in the general population. However, literature is scarce regarding the Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward HBV infection among the first-degree relatives of patients suffering from chronic hepatitis B. Hence, this study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding hepatitis B virus infection among first-degree relatives of hepatitis B patients. Methods: A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted amongst the 354 first-degree relatives of HBsAg-positive patients. A validated questionnaire consisted of twenty questions of knowledge, seven questions of attitude, and ten practice questions were employed to gather information. Results: The mean knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) were significantly better amongst participants aged 55-65 years and those who were educated. There was a positive correlation between knowledge and attitude (r=0.58, p value<0.05) and knowledge and practice (r=0.64, p value<0.05). Conclusions: There is insufficient knowledge regarding hepatitis B, its common symptoms, modes of transmission, and preventive tools among close relatives of patients suffering from chronic hepatitis B.

Perceptions Reasons and Barriers in Observing Purdah (Hijab) among Female Undergraduate Medical Students

Hijab is practiced by global Muslim women as an obligation of their religion and protection.The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of Hijab with comparison of the awareness, perceptions, practices and identify barriers to hijab wearing among female medical undergraduate students. A descriptive study in four randomly selected Medical Colleges of Peshawar, Pakistan was conducted among 370 female undergraduates with 95% confidence interval and 5% margin of error. All female students were included in the study with consent however sick, absent with no consent were excluded. The validated questionnaire had 18 questions of knowledge, attitude, practices and barriers. The collected data was analyzed through SPSS Version- 21 with descriptive statistics for categorical variables through frequency and percentages. A total of 327 females with response rate of 88.37% completed the questionnaires. The mean age was 20.81 + 2.48 years. Hijab wearing females were 58.8%, 16.5% were without Hijab however 83.5% females were unaware of Hijab timing. The 76.1% females had no problems in observing hijab. The 68.8% hijab wearing females were satisfied, 1.5% felt safe and 3.4% were comfortable with it. Reasons for observing purdah were 63% religious, 23.2% for protection, 2.8% as a part of uniform and 7.6% due to family pressures. Perceptions of hijab were 90.5% religious, 73.7% to society pressure, 5.8% as a part of the dress code and 3.7% as a piece of cloth only. Hijab awareness was 95.1%.This study concluded that hijab is considered a religious duty and obligation with comfort and protection among the female undergraduate students of Peshawar, Pakistan.

Knowledge and Attitude of Obstructive Sleep Apnea among Dental Students in North East Penisular Malaysia

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is sleep-disordered breathing that can cause morbidity and mortality.Dental students’ knowledge of sleep apnea will help them identify patients with the condition in the future. Objective: This study was conducted to determine the knowledge and attitude of OSA among undergraduate dental students in Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM). Methodology: A total of 97 undergraduate dental students participated in this study. This cross-sectional study used a self-administered and validated Obstructive Sleep Apnea Knowledge and Attitude (OSAKA) questionnaire. The questionnaire consists of 18 questions of knowledge and five questions of attitude towards OSA. Results: The mean total score of knowledge is 7.5 (SD 3.77). Meanwhile, the mean total score of attitude is 12.0 (SD 2.22). Most of the students (74.2%) knew that majority of patients with OSA snored. However, only 14.4% knew uvulopalatopharyngoplasty is the curative treatment for OSA. Regarding attitudes, 88.7% of the students agreed that OSA as an important clinical disease. Only 7.2% were confident in identifying OSA patients, while 15.5% were confident in managing OSA. Conclusion: The level of OSA knowledge and awareness among dental students in USM was relatively low. Early education and training on OSA in dental schools are crucial to improve this state of affairs. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 21 No. 02 April’22 Page : 384-390

Effect of PRECEDE Model-based Education on the Breastfeeding Behavior of Nulliparous Mothers

Introduction: The most useful application of the PRECEDE model is the explanation of the factors associated with behavior. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of education based on PRECEDE model on breast feeding behavior of Nulliparous mothers. Method: This randomized clinical trial was performed on 90 mothers referred to health centers in Gonabad, during 1397 to 1398.The samples were randomly divided into two intervention and control groups. Then, in two stages were evaluated. Data collection tools are a two-part questionnaire for demographic information and breast feeding behavior measurement tool based on the structures of the PRECEDE model including Predisposing factors((19 questions of knowledge and 11 questions of attitude), Reinforcing structures (9 items), Enabling structure (8 questions), Self-efficacy (10 questions), Behavioral and social assessment (7 questions). Behavioral testing was also performed with IBFAT standard tools. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 25 software, independent t-test and Mann-Whitney test. Results: According to the findings, there was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of knowledge, attitude, reinforcement factors and enabling factors before educational intervention (p>0/05). After educational intervention, there was a significant difference between the control and experimental groups in terms of knowledge, attitude, reinforcement factors and enabling factors and breast feeding behavior(p <0/001). Mean and standard deviation of the tool Infant Breastfeeding Behavior there were significant differences between the two groups. Conclusion: Breast feeding education based on PRECEDE model can improve the attitude, reinforcing and enabling factors and breast feeding behavior in nulliparous mothers.

Physicians as viral hepatitis advocates: empowerment through education

Background: Viral hepatitis is the most serious infections due to its asymptomatic nature for a long period and complications like liver cirrhosis and hepato cellular carcinoma. Also, available literatures suggest low vaccination status, poor to moderate knowledge about prevention and management of viral hepatitis. Moving forward, physicians can act as advocates in disseminating the correct knowledge about prevention and transmission of viral hepatitis. With this background one-day training program for physicians was conceptualised under project PRAKASH to educate and empower them about prevention and management of viral hepatitis.Methods: A pre-post study design was undertaken among the physicians who registered themselves for hepatitis induction program. An online link to the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) questionnaire consisted of 59 questions of knowledge (35 questions), attitude (12 questions) and practice (12 questions) along with demographic variables was shared with the registered participants. Same knowledge questions were asked during post-test. Paired-t-test and Independent samples t-test were used in analysis using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) v-21. Level of significance was taken at p&lt;0.05.Results: A total of 204 clinicians were trained over five training and pre-post was available for 170 participants. The mean knowledge, attitude and practice scores were found to be 25.11±4.85, 50.17±6.86, 20.18±3.90 out of total score of 35, 60 and 24 respectively. Post knowledge score had increased significantly when compared with pre-score. Pre-knowledge score was found significant with experience level.Conclusions: Overall, study observed significant improvement of knowledge among physicians which can be attributable to training program and this program can be up scaled and help in empowering the physicians on various health-related topics across the country.

Leonid Myasin's Music Laboratory: on the 125th anniversary of the birth of the outstanding choreographer

The article is devoted to the consideration of the musical component of the artistic activity of the outstanding choreographer of the Russian diaspora Leonid Myasin (1895-1979), whose 125th birthday is celebrated by the theatrical world in 2020. The main milestones of the choreographer's musical education are noted, the spectrum of his musical interests is revealed, and techniques of working with the music of the created ballets are studied. The purpose of the research, carried out using historical and typological methods, is to study the stages of the formation of the choreographer's musical maturity, his author's style. The circumstances of Myasin's collaboration with contemporary composers Manuel de Falla, Eric Satie, Sergei Prokofiev, Paul Hindemith are considered. Special attention is paid to the process of formation of a system of artistic methods of working with music in the joint work of the choreographer with Igor Stravinsky on the implementation of the ballets "Pulcinella", "Sacred Spring". The questions of Myasin's attitude to such spheres of musical expressiveness as rhythm, dynamics, timbre are highlighted. The methods of the choreographer's work with works of symphonic music are studied, the methods of achieving musical and plastic synthesis in the stage solutions of Myasin's choreographic symphonies are analyzed: "Omens" (1933) to the music of the Fifth Symphony by P. Tchaikovsky, "Choreartium" (1933) to the music of the 4th Symphony by I. Brahms, "Fantastic Symphony" (1936) to the music of the symphony of the same name by G. Berlioz, etc. It is concluded that the laws of musical composition and dramaturgy were a source of artistic renewal and enrichment of the author's style for the choreographer, the development of the intellectual beginning of his choreography.

확정기여(Dc)형 퇴직연금 투자 시뮬레이션 경험이 Dc형 가입자의 적립금 관리태도에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Experience in Investment Simulations on Subscribers’ Management Attitude of Defined Contribution Pension Funds)

Korean Abstract: 본 연구는 저금리 기조의 지속으로 확정기여(DC)형 퇴직연금 가입자가 증가하고 있는 상황에서 근로자들이 자신의 노후를 위한 적립금을 좀 더 적극적으로 관리할 수 있도록 적립금 관리에 필요한 태도를 함양할 수 있는 방안을 제시하기 위해 투자 시뮬레이션 경험이 적립금 관리태도에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 DC형 퇴직연금 에 가입하고 있는 30~50대의 상용직 임금근로자 468명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하 였으며, 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, DC형 퇴직연금 가입자의 가입현황 및 적립금 관리행동을 분석한 결과, 가입자 중 상당수가 본인이 스스로 책임져야 하는 퇴직연금의 핵심 내용조차 알지 못하는 것으 로 나타났다. 투자상품을 1년에 한 번도 변경하지 않는다는 응답이 74.4%에 달해 가입 자 4명 중 3명은 적립금을 관리하지 않고 사실상 방치하는 실정이었다. 둘째, 탐색적 요 인분석을 통해 적립금 관리태도의 네 가지 구성요인과 측정 문항을 정리하고 이를 활용 해 DC형 가입자들의 적립금 관리태도 수준을 파악한 결과, 적립금 관리태도 종합 점수 (만점 50점)가 평균 36.16점(표준편차 5.22점)으로 나타났다. 100점 만점 점수로 환산한 구성요인별 점수는 적립금 관리방법 이해의 필요성 인식 점수가 79.04점으로 가장 높았 고 적립금 관리에 대한 감정 점수가 56.08점으로 가장 낮았다. 셋째, 투자 시뮬레이션이 DC형 퇴직연금 가입자의 적립금 관리태도 구성요인 중 적립금 관리방법 이해의 필요성 인식에 통계적으로 유의미한 영향을 미친다는 사실을 확인하였는데 이는 투자 시뮬레이 션이 적립금 관리태도를 함양하는 효과적인 도구가 될 수 있음을 시사한다. English Abstract: This study tried to examine the effects of investment simulation experience on Defined Contribution (DC) retirement pension subscribers’ management attitude of reserves in order to present a plan which cultivates the attitude necessary for reserve fund management so that workers can more actively manage reserves for their retirement. A survey was conducted on 468 regular wage workers in their 30s to 50s who are enrolled in the DC retirement pension. The analysis results and conclusions are as follows. First, as a result of analyzing the subscription status and management behavior of DC retirement pension subscribers, it was found that many of the subscribers did not even know the core contents of the retirement pension that they are responsible for themselves. As 74.4% of the respondents said they did not change their investment products once a year, three out of every four subscribers did not manage their reserves and virtually neglected them. Second, through exploratory factor analysis, the four components and measurement questions of the reserve management attitude were summarized, and as a result of grasping the level of reserve management attitude of DC subscribers, the average of the overall reserve management attitude score was 36.16 points out of a possible 100. As for the score for each component, the recognition score for the need to understand how to manage reserves was the highest with 79.04 points, and the emotion score for the management of reserves was the lowest with 56.08 points. Third, it has been confirmed that investment simulation has a statistically significant effect on the recognition of the need to understand how to manage reserves among the components of the reserve management attitude of DC retirement pension subscribers, indicating that investment simulation can be an effective tool for cultivating the reserve management attitude.

Awareness, Attitude and Practices towards COVID-19 among People of Bihar during Lockdown 1.0: A Cross-Sectional Study

The whole world is confronting with emerging pandemic Covid-19 infectious disease, prior to India this pandemic has been apocalyptic impact across the world since first case was detected in Wuhan City of China. In order to control the rapid spread of this infectious disease, unprecedented public health measures such as sanitation, social distancing and lockdown is adopted in country. Compliances of these public health measures absolutely depend on people’s awareness, attitude and practices (AAP) towards Covid-19. This study is an attempt to survey the people of Bihar and to understand their awareness level, attitude and practices towards covid-19 during lockdown 1.0 (the initial phase of covid-19 outbreak).In this study researcher conducted a online survey via author’s networks with people of Bihar, India among different age group people mostly young people which comprises largest population of India, sampled from an existing prospective cohort study with a total sample size of 250(n=250). The online survey questionnaire(AAP) was developed by the researcher on three dimension i.e., Awareness (associated with clinical symptoms, transmission routes and precautionary measures), Attitude (question associated with had confidence that India will successfully win the fight against covid-19, falling stress or bore and how they view the situation) and Practices (question regarding following social distancing & government guidelines and where they spending most of their time) which comprising 10, 4, and 3 questions of Awareness, Attitude and practices, respectively. Baseline was conducted from March 29 to April 14 2020; subsequent iterations of the survey are planned to be conducted on a monthly basis. Among the total participants n=250 60.8% were male, 89.6% belong to age group 17-35, 73.2% were never married, 54.8% held master degree & above, 54% were students and 38.4% currently living in city. The overall correct response rate on awareness question is 80.2%. There is no statistically significant difference found among participants’ awareness level on the basis of their demographic characteristics. The majority of 78% respondents had confidence that India can win the battle against covid-19, 53.6% participant stated that they are not feeling stress as 96% respondents view this pandemic situation as a challenger. 99.6% respondents admitted that they are following social distancing and government guidelines. 34% respondents spending their most of time with family while 22%, 16.4%, 12%, 5.2%, 10.4% respondents spending most of their time on work from home, health and hygiene, social networking sites, turned on their old hobbies and other respectively. Most of people had sanguine attitude and using pertinent practices towards covid-19. Health and family welfare organizations are working towards covid-19 awareness and appropriate behavior for reducing the spread of infection. As we did not found adequate sample representation of population aged: below 16 and 60+; therefore we should be careful while generalizing the findings of this study to the above mentioned age group of people.

Study of knowledge, attitude and practice amongst medical professionals about antimicrobial stewardship in tertiary care teaching hospital in India: a questionnaire based study

Background: Appropriate selection of antimicrobial drugs is critical to optimize treatment of infections ad limit the spread of antimicrobial resistance. Antimicrobial resistance is a serious global problem of antimicrobial abuse and there is a growing consensus to urgently develop new strategies for prevention of resistance of bacteria to antimicrobial agents. Relatively few studies of knowledge, attitude and practice are published regarding antimicrobial resistance.Methods: To explore the perceptions of knowledge, attitude and practice of antimicrobial agent use and its resistance in medical professionals in a tertiary teaching care hospital in India. This study was a cross-sectional, questionnaire based study conducted in tertiary care teaching hospital in India for a duration of three months and on a sample size of 300. All medical teachers, residents and interns were included in studies. Questionnaire included 8 questions of knowledge, 10 questions of attitude and 8 questions of practice. The parameters on which the data was analysed were, gender-wise distribution of data, Age-wise distribution of data, hierarchy-wise distribution- Residents, Lecturers, Assistant Professors, Associate Professors, Professors, according to years of experience, Departmental survey. Some questions were assessed by Likert scale, whose responses ranged from always to never. Some questions were of yes and no type, others were multiple choice questions.Results: The majority of respondents were males (65.66%). Most of the participants were from 21-30years (44%) followed by 31-40 years (32.66%). Almost 77.6% participants had upto 5 years of experience in their respective field. Participants had good knowledge, positive attitude and followed a rational and fair practice about antimicrobial stewardship.Conclusions: Adequate training should be given to UGs and PGs about antimicrobial chemotherapy and its usage. It should be part of their curriculum- proper prescribing, dispensing and usage of AMA so as to promote judicious use of AMA.

Knowledge and Awareness of Epilepsy Surgery among Medical Students.

Background and PurposeSurgery is an alternative treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy. Positive attitude of medical personnel towards epilepsy surgery is essential. This study assessed general knowledge of and attitude towards epilepsy surgery among medical students. The aim of this study was to assess general knowledge of and attitude towards epilepsy surgery among medical students.MethodsQuestionnaire was distributed to medical students. Questionnaire consisted of two questions of general knowledge of drug-resistant epilepsy, questions of students’ attitude towards epilepsy surgery and questions of referral of patients. The Chi-square test was utilized.ResultsThe terms “drug-resistant epilepsy” and “mesial temporal sclerosis” were known in 72.3 and 14.2 percent, respectively. Awareness and support of epilepsy surgery were recorded in 74.5 and 48.9 percent, respectively. A drug resistant patient would have been referred to a qualified centre in 19.4 percent. General knowledge and awareness of epilepsy surgery were better in higher levels of study (p < 0.001).ConclusionsMedical students have a positive attitude towards epilepsy surgery. Students are aware of drug resistance in epilepsy. Knowledge and awareness are better among students in higher levels, after neurology is introduced to the curriculum. We conclude that highlighting the importance of epilepsy surgery should be continued. Moreover, additional educational effort should be invested in expressing the importance of efficient referral of a patient to a qualified centre.

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Resident Doctors for use of Generic Medicines at a Tertiary care Hospital

: Objective: To assess knowledge, attitude and practice of resident doctors regarding generic medicines at a tertiary care teaching hospital. Method: This cross sectional study was conducted in 296 resident doctors of a tertiary care teaching hospital using a prevalidated questionnaire, consisting questions of knowledge(17), attitude(8) and practice(10). Data were analyzed for frequency and percentage analysis. Results: A total of 242(81.76%) resident doctors responded to questionnaire. Respondents were aware of the terms generic medicines(100%), branded generic (173,71.4%) and brand medicines (216, 89.2%) and regulations regarding prescription of generic medicines in the hospital(178,73.5%). Majority of participants responded equivocally to: whether generic medicines are cheaper (154, 63.6%) and equally efficacious (166,68.5%) as brand medicines; are easily available(125,51.6%) and switching from brand to generic medicines affects the outcome(192,79.3%). Majority of respondents believed that generic medicines cost less because of inferior quality (174,71.9%), have doubtful efficacy in serious diseases(108,44.6%), can be prescribed in all diseases(150, 61.9%) and prescription of generic medicines should be compulsory (37%). Regulations by government (186, 76.8%), education of medical students (187,77.2%) and incentives to doctors(149,61.5%) were suggested to improve generic prescribing. All the respondents prescribed generic medicines, consisting of 68.9% of total prescription medicines. Concerns about efficacy (242,100%), safety (149,61.5%) and availability(140,57.8%) were the major reasons cited for preferring brand medicines. Fifty percent respondents disagreed on substitution of a brand with a generic medicine by pharmacists. Conclusion: Resident doctors have good awareness about generic medicines and prescription regulations and commonly prescribes these medicines. Concerns about efficacy safety and availability of generic medicines are major reasons for preferring brand medicines.Key words: Generic medicines, Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, Resident doctors.

‘Something is said ...’: A conversation with Maria Chevska

Abstract In this conversation, the painter Maria Chevska and the author discuss the notion of commitment in painting as presented in Sartre’s writings of the 1940s, in Chevska’s current practice and in her exhibition at the Vane Gallery, Newcastle, England, in 2014, and in the wider world of contemporary painting today. They range over questions of attitude, manner, materials, source material and a recent article by David Joselit on ‘transitivity’ in painting as a way of achieving contact with the register of contemporary events.

Knowledge and Attitude toward Informed Consent in Medical and Dental Practitioners, of Bhopal City, India

Background: Consent is a lawful right of a patient that makes a decision their involvement in clinical procedures. The meaning of consent is that patient not to be touched or in nevertheless treated without their permission, it deems like an endorsed inquiry for their protection. Concept of consent is an endeavor by which the patient can take part in clinical judgment concerning their treatment and protect each and every patient against any litigation. Thus, knowledge and approach of consent are foremost important due to encroachment in clinical procedures in dental and medical field as well as it is also important for general population. Aim and Objectives: The aim of the study was to appraise the knowledge and attitude toward informed consent in medical and dental practitioners of Bhopal city, India. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional assessment was carried out among 200 medical and dental practitioners of Bhopal city. A self-administered, close-ended planned questionnaire was used to evaluate their knowledge and attitude regarding informed consent. This questionnaire consists of 10 and 5 questions of knowledge and attitude, respectively. The response format was obtained by a 3-point Likert scale. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 20; Chi-square test was used for data analysis. Result: Knowledge and attitude regarding informed consent were uneven amid medical and dental professionals. Although it was slight higher in medical professionals. Conclusion: An unbalanced knowledge of informed consent in medical and dental professionals recommended; a need to conduct assort of awareness programs and workshops regarding informed consent. Thus, this gap of knowledge can fill and an affirmative attitude can develop.

Oral health related knowledge, attitude and practice among nursing students of Kathmandu – a pilot study

Background &amp; Objectives: The objective of the study was to assess the oral health related knowledge, attitude and practices of bachelors level nursing college students in Kathmandu district.Materials &amp; Methods: Data was collected using pre-designed questionnaire among 251 nursing students of three colleges comprising of 43 closed ended questions adopted from various studies. Twenty five questions related to knowledge, 8 questions of attitude and 10 of practice were asked. Prior to conducting the study permission was obtained from institutional review board of Kantipur Dental College and from the Campus Chief of the nursing colleges.Results: Majority of respondents had good oral health knowledge including functions of teeth (94.0%), mineral important for tooth formation (98.4%), vitamin necessary for growth and development of teeth (91.2%), dental caries (90.4%), gingival diseases (96.4%) and treatment for malocclusion (90.8%). Almost half of the participants did not know about treatment options for gum disease, consequences of irregular teeth and causes of oral cancer. Majority of the participants showed good attitudes towards oral health with 99.2% giving equal importance to their teeth like their general health. 78.9% of the participants brush twice daily with 98% using toothbrush and toothpaste among whom 65.7% uses soft bristle toothbrushes. Conclusion: It was seen that oral health related knowledge, attitude and practice of nursing students was adequate but further improvements can be encouraged and facilitated.

Духовні та оздоровчі ефекти загартовування юних спортсменів силами природи за системою Порфирія Іванова (із 25-річного досвіду автора)

Purpose : to fill and to substantiate expediency of using health system of Porfiry Ivanov on the principles of theoretical and empirical materials to resolve the questions of valeological attitude of young athletes to their health. Material and Methods: this paper presents matter staffs of many years of researches, which have been provided young athletes around 13–16 years old of Brovary high college of physical training. Results: research suggests that, we denote positive characters in dynamics of changes in physical staffs and psycho-emotional being of organism of the figure athletes, who are doing system of Porfiry Ivanov, and there were also registered the facts, that there were not any case of catarrhal diseases. General grounds of health system of P. K. Ivanov has been analyzed as from the side of valeological knowledge. Conclusions: it was proved, that health improving system of P. K. Ivanov, could be one of alternative programs on forming of healthy lifestyle of scholar’s youth

협동학습이 학습자의 학습태도 및 자기주도학습력에 미치는 효과

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of cooperative learning on the learning attitude and self-directed learning capability of learners. Methods: The subjects were 50 sophomores enrolled in cooperative learning for 12-week period from March to June, 2014. A self-reported questionnaire was completed by the subjects. The instruments were 16 questions of learning attitude, 32 questions of self-directed learning, academic achievement, and 12 questions of satisfaction with instruction by Likert 5 scale. Cronbach’s alpha was 0.84 in the previous study and 0.78 in this study. Self-directed learning was modified by Yoo and Cheong. Cronbach’s alpha of self-directed learning was 0.86 in this study. Academic achievement was assessed by before and after the cooperative learning class. Cronbach’s alpha was 0.95 in this study. Their learning attitude and self-directed learning capability were evaluated before and after the cooperative learning, and their satisfaction with the instruction and academic achievement were assessed by the written examination. Results: The score of learning attitude increased from 2.89 in the pretest to 3.38 in the posttest. The self-directed learning of the students increased from 2.98 in the pretest to 3.48 in the posttest. The academic achievement of students also increased from 82.0 in the pretest to 85.2 in the posttest. The satisfaction with instruction was 4.24 of Likert 5 scale. There were significant differences in satisfaction with instruction, cooperative learning and academic achievement. Conclusions: It is important to develop the cooperative learning program linked to self-directed learning for the dental hygiene students continuously. This study will provide the basic data and information for the development of new teaching methods for the dental hygiene.

치위생과 학생들의 학업관련 특성에 따른 방사선안전관리 교육 후 방사선 방어에 대한 지식과 태도의 변화

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the knowledge and attitude towards radiation protection after radiation safety management education in dental hygiene students. Methods: After receiving informed consents, a self-reported questionnaire was carried out for 135 dental hygiene students in Busan on June 17 for preliminary survey and September 3 for post-education survey, 2011. The questionnaire was modified from Han and consisted of 5 questions of general characteristics, 6 questions of radiation use, 7 questions of scholastic characteristics, 15 questions of knowledge towards radiation safety management, and 15 questions of attitude towards radiation safety management. Cronbach's alpha was 0.808 in the knowledge towards radiation safety management. Attitude towards radiation safety management included 15 questions of general attitude towards radiation safety management, individual and patient, and attitude toward radiation exposure reduction measured by Likert 5 scale. Cronbach's alpha was 0.970 in the attitude towards radiation safety management. Data were analyzed using SAS version 9.2 for educational analysis, technical analysis and multivariate analysis, paired t-test, and GLM. Results: Significant differences were shown in the knowledge and attitudes towards radiation safety management; the level of knowledge was respectively <TEX>$9.8{\pm}3.0$</TEX> and <TEX>$12.9{\pm}1.9$</TEX> points before and after education, and the level of attitude was <TEX>$4.28{\pm}0.51$</TEX> and <TEX>$4.53{\pm}0.47$</TEX> before and after the education. The levels of knowledge and attitude according to general characteristics showed a significant differences in grade and academic results. Post-education survey suggested that the education is very important and necessary and can change the knowledge and attitude towards radiation safety management in the dental hygiene students. Conclusions: Through the radiation safety management education, the levels of knowledge and attitude towards radiation safety management have changed significantly, which showed that the radiation safety management education proved to be very effective. Therefore, an effective radiation safety management education program is necessary to improve the levels of knowledge and attitude towards radiation safety management in the dental hygiene students.

Learning TRIZ: Impact on Confidence when Facing Problems

This paper explores the impact of learning problem solving tools such as Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ) on self-efficacy. The paper utilises survey responses from 94 students who were enrolled in an RMIT-wide elective which taught students tools of TRIZ between 2006 and 2010. It was found that there were correlations between questions of self-efficacy and questions of attitude when facing future problems. A stronger correlation was observed between self-efficacy judged on enactive mastery experience (past performance) compared to self-efficacy judged on vicarious experience (peer comparison). Learning TRIZ was found to have a stronger influence on self-efficacy judged on past performance. The findings in this study suggest that learning specific tools of problem solving together with effective implementation can assist with the development of self-efficacy. Self-efficacy is vital as it impacts the willingness to face future problems which has a role in the improvement of problem solving ability. We propose that learning TRIZ leads to the development of problem solving skills. This paper is part of an ongoing PhD research that addresses the issue of the measure and transferability of innovative problem solving skills within the engineering field.

Verification of the Addiction Severity Index Japanese Version (ASI-J) as a Treatment-Customization, Prediction, and Comparison Tool for Alcohol-Dependent Individuals

Objective:To demonstrate the usefulness of the Addiction Severity Index Japanese Version (ASI-J) in Japanese alcohol-dependent individuals. The ASI is a frequently used clinical and research instrument that measures severities in seven functional domains in people with substance abuse disorders.Methods:A total of 370 male inpatients with a history of alcohol dependence participated in the study. Forty-nine participants were excluded in the final analysis due to lack of reliability (i.e., patient misrepresentation or inability to understand). We used the ASI-J and a series of indexes that determined patient states during and post-treatment.Results:The correlations between ASI Composite Scores (CSs), which were calculated through a weighted formula and indicated the severity of each problem area, were significant but low in eight relations and not significant in 13 relations, indicating substantial independence of the problem areas. Significant differences were found in Family/Social CSs between abstinent and relapsed alcohol-dependent individuals. The questions of undesirable attitude were significantly related to the CSs of Employment, Drug use, Family/Social, and Psychiatric sections. Significant differences were observed in patient demographics, CS, and ASI Severity Rating (SR) and interviewer’s subjective scoring between alcohol-dependent individuals and drug abusers. CSs in Japanese alcohol-dependent individuals were generally similar to corresponding CSs in individuals from other countries, with the exception of The Netherlands.Conclusions:This study demonstrated that the ASI-J is useful for understanding individual profiles of problems for each patient and planning customized treatment. The ASI-J served as a predictive tool for relapse and compliance to treatment afterward and was shown to be useful as a comparison tool in clarifying similarities and differences between substance abuser groups.