Questionnaire's Convergent Validity Research Articles

An analysis of the psychometric properties of the writing-specific cognitive strategies questionnaire for undergraduate students.

Writing strategies are needed to manage the complexity of writing tasks, especially at university, where writing tasks are for learning, professional, or scientific purposes and are highly demanding. The literature shows that many undergraduate students have defined, stable, writing strategies, although some lack proper strategic development and require explicit instruction in this regard. In both cases, adapting writing tasks to undergraduate students' preferences and instructing them effectively requires understanding their writing strategies, which will encourage optimal learning and writing proficiency. This is why valid, reliable, writing strategy assessment tools are essential. The present study focused on the validation of the Spanish Writing Strategies Questionnaire-Undergraduate Students (WSQ-SU), aimed at measuring undergraduate students' preferences for using different writing strategies. The sample comprised 978 Spanish undergraduates doing degrees in Infant, Primary or Social Education, Pedagogy and Psychology. The data from the questionnaire was explored by means of exploratory and confirmatory analysis, test-retest reliability to analyse temporal stability and convergent validity. Two factors, planning and revising, were identified through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, representing different writing strategies and supporting the original model. The results indicated adequate test-retest reliability and temporal stability. The results also showed the questionnaire's convergent validity; a direct, linear correlation between two factors and off-line planning and revising variables. Based on the results, the WSQ for undergraduate students-Spanish version has been shown to be a reliable and valid, scale that can be easily applied in the university context to explore undergraduate students' writing strategies.

Development and Validation of a Questionnaire to Assess Role Conflicts Among Interpreters Working With Refugee Clients: The Role Conflicts Questionnaire.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to develop and validate a questionnaire to assess interpreters' role conflicts and the challenging aspects within the triad of practitioner, interpreter and refugee client. Methods: A questionnaire was developed based on previous literature. Its factor structure and construct validity were assessed in an online survey of 164 interpreters working with refugee clients. Psychological distress (BSI-18), work-related exhaustion (CBI), and secondary traumatic stress (ProQOL) were measured to test the questionnaire's convergent validity. Results: Exploratory structural equation modeling for categorical variables resulted in 23 items across four subscales. The scores of all subscales had good or excellent reliability (ω = 0.81 to ω = 0.93) and correlation analyses indicated convergent validity. Conclusion: The final questionnaire (RoCo) showed four clearly interpretable subscales and may help to identify emotional distress due to role conflicts among interpreters. Future studies should validate the questionnaire in different samples.

RELIABILITY, VALIDITY AND CROSS-CULTURAL ADAPTATION OF THE TURKISH VERSION OF THE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY QUESTIONNAIRE FOR ADOLESCENTS

Purpose: The small number of Turkish versions of questionnaires assess the level of physical activity of adolescents creates a need for a valid, reliable, inexpensive and practical questionnaire for large-scale studies. This study aimed to investigate the validity, reliability, and cross-cultural adaptation of the Turkish version of the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (PAQ-A).
 Methods: The 150 adolescent students between the ages of 14 and 18 years (age=15.67±0.83 years) were included in the study. Test-retest and internal consistency analyses were performed to evaluate reliability using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) method. Total step counts were recorded for one week using an electronic pedometer to assess the questionnaire's convergent validity. The relationship between total score obtained from PAQ-A and total step counts recorded by the pedometer 
 Results: Cronbach's alpha value was found to be 0.86 for the entire questionnaire, indicating a questionnaire's high internal consistency. The ICC values for test-retest reliability were found to be within the range of 0.71 to 0.99, indicating that test-retest results were highly correlated. There was a moderate, positive and statistically significant (r=0.527, p

Chilean Adaptation and Validation of the Early Adolescent Temperament Questionnaire-Revised Version.

The aim of this study was to develop an adapted version of the Early Adolescent Temperament Questionnaire-Revised (EATQ-R) that would be valid and reliable for assessing temperament and its components in Chileans between 12 and 18 years of age. Originally, Ellis and Rothbart (2001) developed this questionnaire (EATQ-R) to be used in North American adolescents. For the study in Chile, a translation protocol was developed, to maintain the original instrument's cultural and linguistic equivalence in the adapted version. Psychometric properties of the EATQ-R, such as factor structure, internal consistency, and convergent validity, were also assessed. The adaption and validation was carried out in two stages, with two different studies. The first study, which included 612 adolescent students from educational establishments in the cities of Santiago and Concepcion, Chile, developed the Chilean version of the 83-item EATQ-R, which has 13 dimensions, belonging to 4 theoretical factors with adequate internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.79–0.82). The second study assessed the questionnaire's convergent validity, through its application to 973 adolescent students in Santiago. Results show that the effortful control subscale was significantly inversely related to indicators of adolescent maladjustment, such as substance abuse and behavioral problems. In addition, it was directly associated with indicators of self-concept, including self-esteem and self-efficacy. The opposite pattern was observed when considering negative affect. These findings coincide with current knowledge on the relationship between temperament and adjustment in adolescents.

Dispositional differences in seeking autonomy- or dependency-oriented help: Conceptual development and scale validation

This paper presents integrated sets of studies testing whether stable personal tendencies in help-seeking behavior: autonomy-oriented (asking for help to learn how to fix a problem) versus dependency-oriented (asking someone else to fix it) could be established and reliably assessed. We report on the reliability and validation of a new self-report, Likert-scaled measurement of autonomous and dependent help-seeking styles. The five studies in three different cultural populations include exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, cross-cultural comparisons, analysis of ecological and predictive validity in both academic and job settings, and an examination of the questionnaire's convergent validity(total n=1047). Self-reported preference for autonomy-oriented help predicted higher ratings of performance by supervisors in job settings. Dependency-oriented help seeking was found to be associated with an avoidance temperament and a performance avoidance goal orientation, and autonomy-oriented help seeking with an approach temperament and a mastery approach goal orientation. Suggestions for further theoretical research and practical applications of the new scale are discussed.

Development and Validation of the Short Crohn's Disease Work Disability Questionnaire.

The aim was to develop and validate a self-reported short Crohn's disease work disability questionnaire (sCDWDQ). (1) Development of a shortened questionnaire-Patients' responses to the validation process (n = 108) of a previously developed, 16-item Spanish Crohn's disease work disability questionnaire (CDWDQ) were analyzed using the Rasch model for multiple response items. After this process, a 9-item sCDWDQ was obtained. (2) Validation phase-The validation assessed the questionnaire's convergent validity, discriminant validity, test-retest reproducibility, and internal consistency. Spearman rank correlation, t test, intra-class correlation and Cronbach's alpha were used for the analysis. One hundred fifty-one patients were included in the validation phase. (1) Convergent validity was confirmed by correlations between the sCDWDQ and clinical activity (r = 0.66, P < 0.01), the short inflammatory bowel disease questionnaire IBDQ-9 (r = 0.74, P < 0.001), Euroqol-5D (r = 0.63, P < 0.01), the EuroQol-5D visual analog scale (r = 0.54, P < 0.01), and overall work impairment (r = 0.66, P < 0.01); (2) Discriminant validity-sCDWDQ scores were higher in patients with active disease (20.1 ± 6.3 versus 13.0 ± 3.8 inactive, P < 0.001), in those requiring previous sick leave (19.6 ± 6.9 versus no sick leave 14.2 ± 4.8, P < 0.01) and in those requiring hospitalization (20.0 ± 7.3 [n = 29] versus no hospitalization 14.1 ± 7.3 [n = 90], P < 0.01); (3) Internal consistency was also good (Cronbach's alpha = 0.92); and (4) Reproducibility-sCDWDQ measures obtained 2 weeks apart showed an excellent intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.92 (95% confidence interval, 0.90-0.94). The self-reported sCDWDQ appears to be a simple, valid, and reliable tool for measuring work disability in Crohn's disease.

Development and validity of the DyNaChron questionnaire for chronic nasal dysfunction

Nasal symptoms are the main elements that lead to a therapeutic decision and allow for evaluating treatment effects or natural evolution. Despite availability of several questionnaires with good measurement qualities, no systematic assessment takes into account the specific physical and psychosocial consequences of each of the six main nasal symptoms, independently of the disease. We proposed to measure these symptoms with the use of a self-reporting questionnaire and to test the validity of the questionnaire in a large representative sample of patients attending outpatient rhinologic clinics. The study was conducted in two parts: (1) expert-based development and testing of the face validity of a questionnaire in French; and (2) validity testing, including construct validity by factor analysis, reproducibility by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland and Altman plots, and sensitivity to change by standardized response means, on a large sample of patients in a prospective multicenter study. DyNaChron, a questionnaire with 78 items divided into six domains and exploring both the physical and psychosocial repercussions of CND, was developed. In total, 759 patients completed the questionnaire at a first visit to a clinic, and 539 again 19.5 days later, on average. The questionnaire structure was confirmed to be composed of six domains (6 factors explaining 68.7% of the variance), with two dimensions in each domain. The questionnaire's convergent validity was confirmed; the Cronbach alpha coefficient for domains was high (0.93-0.96), the ICC ranged from 0.8 to 0.92, and the questionnaire's sensitivity to change was greater for patients with improved health status than for those with worsened status. DyNaChron is a well-structured questionnaire with a high degree of internal consistency and all properties needed to be used in research. It should now be compared with other questionnaires and objective measures to assess whether or not DyNaChron better measures disease severity and its changes. Further work will involve shortening the instrument for use in clinical practice and create a "patient symptomatology score".

Development and validation of the Crohnʼs disease perceived work disability questionnaire

No validated instruments have been developed to measure work disability in Crohn's disease (CD). The aim of our study was to develop and validate a CD perceived work disability questionnaire (CPWDQ). Development phase: an initial questionnaire containing 52 items was obtained from patients' interviews plus additional sources; it was completed by 106 patients and the 16 most significant items were selected using a psychometric method in order to create the CPWDQ. Validation phase: The validation assessed the questionnaire's convergent validity, discriminant validity, test-retest reproducibility, and internal consistency in 108 patients. Spearman rank correlation, t-test, intraclass correlation, and Cronbach's alpha were used for the analysis. Convergent validity was confirmed by good correlations between the CPWDQ and: clinical activity (r = 0.59, P < 0.01), the Short Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire, IBDQ-9, (r = 0.76, P < 0.001), Euroqol-5D (r = 0.53, P < 0.01), and overall work impairment (WPAI_CD) r = 0.66 (P < 0.01). Discriminant validity: CPWQ scores were higher in patients expected to have more severe disability, that is, in patients with active disease (n = 38) 32.3 ± 7.3 versus inactive (n = 70) 22.6 ± 5.9 (P < 0.001), in those requiring previous sick leave 30.7 ± 7.5 (n = 45) versus no sick leave 22.6 ± 6.6 (n = 63) (P < 0.01), and in those requiring hospitalization 32.2 ± 8.6 (n = 18) versus no hospitalization 24.7 ± 7.1 (n = 90) (P < 0.01). Internal consistency was also good (Cronbach's alpha = 0.89). Reproducibility: CPWDQ measures obtained 2 weeks apart showed an excellent intraclass correlation coefficient: 0.89 (95% CI: 0.83-0.93). The CPWDQ seems to be a valid, reliable tool for measuring subjective work disability in CD.