Question-answering Style Research Articles

Information Extraction Based on Multi-turn Question Answering for燗nalyzing Korean Research Trends

Analyzing Research and Development (R&D) trends is important because it can influence future decisions regarding R&D direction. In typical trend analysis, topic or technology taxonomies are employed to compute the popularities of the topics or codes over time. Although it is simple and effective, the taxonomies are difficult to manage because new technologies are introduced rapidly. Therefore, recent studies exploit deep learning to extract pre-defined targets such as problems and solutions. Based on the recent advances in question answering (QA) using deep learning, we adopt a multi-turn QA model to extract problems and solutions from Korean R&D reports. With the previous research, we use the reports directly and analyze the difficulties in handling them using QA style on Information Extraction (IE) for sentence-level benchmark dataset. After investigating the characteristics of Korean R&D, we propose a model to deal with multiple and repeated appearances of targets in the reports. Accordingly, we propose a model that includes an algorithm with two novel modules and a prompt. A newly proposed methodology focuses on reformulating a question without a static template or pre-defined knowledge. We show the effectiveness of the proposed model using a Korean R&D report dataset that we constructed and presented an in-depth analysis of the benefits of the multi-turn QA model.

The Influence of Police Reporting Styles on the Processing of Crime Related Information

Police records drawn up during or after a suspect's police interrogation play a crucial role in judicial systems and should therefore be factual representations of what occurred in the spoken interrogation. Within the judicial domain, however, little is known about how style of reporting (i.e., the specific language used) affects the interpretation of these facts. Furthermore, the relationship between police record ‘quality’ and variations in judgment of guilt, credibility or reliability has not been studied to date. In three studies, we investigated the influence of three commonly used recording styles (i.e., monolog, recontextualized and question-answer style) on judgments of guilt, credibility, and reliability in fictitious criminal cases. We hypothesized that participants would (1) find records in the question-answer style more credible and reliable than those in the monolog or recontextualized style, and (2) consider the recontextualized style to be the least credible and reliable. Experiment 1 showed that the Q&A style was perceived as more reliable than the other two styles. Experiment 2, a replication in which we also tested new hypotheses based on explorative analyses of Experiment 1, showed no effects of reporting style. To investigate whether the discrepancy in results was due to different scenarios, a third experiment that made use of multiple scenarios was conducted. We found effects of reporting style on perceived accuracy, imageability, and understandability. In sum, this study showed that factors as subtle as reporting style might impact the processing of information in contexts where only factual information should be taken into account.

A-3 Extremism and behavioral intellectual therapy by noble prophetic methods

Having conversation to someone needs highest degree of etiquettes and decorum which is no doubt a good means of disseminating one’s opinion; however, for Muslims, the life of Holy Prophet ( PBUH) is the best source of inspiration as Muslims see Holy Prophet as role model so as to his dialogues in various spheres of life. The Holy Prophet adopts various ways to have an exchange of views to people in various forums. One of his ways of exchange of dialogue to people is the style of Questions-Answer as he tries to sort out the problems of the people or to have an exchange of views to opponents by asking various questions. The present article focuses on the dialogues i.e. Question-Answer style used by Holy Prophet. The data for this purpose have been collected from various books of Hadith like Bukhari, Tirmazi and Sahihe Muslim i.e. by identifying, classifying and making categories which may have positive impact on social life of Muslims. The present article may open new avenue of dialogues in the society which may be helpful in terms of religious and sectarian harmony in society and it may reduce sectarian or religious violence keeping in mind, the way Holy Prophet had an exchange of ideas to opponents and common people.

The Creative Dimension of Lay Thinking in the Case of the Representation of Democracy for Greek Youth

This article intends to make a contribution to the study of lay thinking on democracy and proposes a theoretical framework based on the notion of the `argumentative pole' that I have developed in my Ph.D. dissertation (Magioglou, 2005) and will be further presented in a series of articles. It focuses on the dialogical and creative dimension of lay thinking, based in a question—answer style. Argumentative poles are a number of open questions, such as `what is good?', or what is democracy?', `who should act?' and `how?', that attract different and, at times, opposing answers. The answers present a dynamic tension between an organized and an ambivalent dimension. In this article, the presentation is focused on the contradictory and ambivalent dimension of lay thinking and draws, from a theoretical point of view, on perspectives in social and cultural psychology (Bruner, 1986; Marková, 2003; Moscovici, 1976; Valsiner & Van der Veer, 2000) that attend to language and social and cultural context. This contradictory element is related to the creative character of lay thinking as a form of social thinking: bringing together ideas that do not match according to logic or ideology, which allows new combinations and new representations of democracy to appear. I present data from the narrative analysis because it led to the notion of the `argumentative pole'. The logic of the presentation is theoretical and does not follow a linear demonstrative style. It is typical of qualitative research (Flick, 2002), where the results of the data analysis inspire a `grounded' theory that fits the research questions (Strauss, 1987).