Waste Quarry Dust Research Articles

Performance of eco-friendly ECC made of pre-treated crumb rubber and waste quarry dust

Engineered cementitious composite (ECC) is known for its high tensile ductility and strain-hardening properties. It traditionally uses cement of 2–3 times more than conventional concrete. This high cement content in addition to its high consumption of natural sand (due to the absence of coarse aggregate) lead to significant environmental concerns. Reducing the cement consumption and saving natural resources of ECC are of great interest for producing sustainable construction product. For this purpose, the current study was designed to investigate the mechanical, durability, and microstructure properties of ECC made of waste quarry dust (WQD) and crumb rubber (CR). The WQD types used were; waste ceramic powder, waste granite powder, and waste glass powder. These WQD were used at dosages of 10 %, 20 %, and 30 % as cement partial replacement and CR was used at the same dosages as sand partial replacement. Non-treated and physically treated CR was used in producing the proposed ECC. Tests included slump, compressive strength, uniaxial tensile strength, flexural strength, and sorptivity were carried out. The effect of elevated temperatures of 100 °C and 200 °C on the proposed ECC compressive strength was also measured. In addition, microstructure analyses were performed on selected mixes. The results showed that the use of non-treated CR decreased compressive and tensile strengths by 28.1 % and 11.2 %, respectively, but increased flexural strength by 25.1 % compared to the control ECC. However, incorporating 20 % physically treated CR improved compressive strength by up to 20.1 % and tensile strength by up to 24.4 %, although flexural strength decreased by 13.4 %. Additionally, replacing 20 % of cement with WQD enhanced the compressive strength by up to 14.2 % and tensile strength by up to 18.5 %. Using WQD at 20 % replacement ratio significantly improved ECC mechanical characteristics and consequently can reduced the environmental impacts, including cost, energy, and carbon footprint. This can enhance ECC sustainability while maintaining or improving its performance.

Morphological Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of Quarry Dust Waste as Sand Replacement in Mortar

The generation of industrial waste has been steadily increasing, necessitating sustainable waste management strategies. Quarry dust, a by-product of the aggregate production process obtained from crushing rocks in rubble crusher units, contributes to this waste stream. This study proposes using fine quarry dust waste, ranging from 50 to 100 μm, as an additive or replacement in mortar to mitigate environmental and health hazards caused by this kind of waste. However, studies on the usage of very fine quarry dust waste (about 50-100μm particle sizes) as a partial sand replacement in mortar production is very limited. Therefore, this paper presents an experimental investigation on the effects of incorporating quarry dust waste as a sand replacement, with variations of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30%, with a water-cement ratio of 0.5 to enhance mortar strength. The micro-structural analysis and compression tests were performed to evaluate the mortar samples. XRF analysis confirmed that silica oxide (SiO2) was the predominant element present in quarry dust waste. The compression tests were conducted on 50 mm x 50 mm x 50 mm mortar cubes. The tests were performed at 3, 7, 14, and 28-day intervals. The results revealed that, incorporating 25% quarry dust waste as a sand replacement produced the highest compressive strength of about 37 MPa on the 28th day curing duration. Hence, using this material asan environment-friendly sand replacement offers a promising solution for producing high-strength mortar. This finding highlights the potential of quarry dust waste as a supplemental cementitious material and emphasizes its viability in reducing the environmental impact associated with industrial waste.

Enhanced H2 gas production from steam gasification of a winery waste through CO2 capture by waste concrete fines and use of alkali catalysts

This study focused on production of a high yield of hydrogen as a clean energy source from a winery waste, through steam gasification. The experiments were conducted in a fixed bed system and a thermal analysis-mass spectrometer unit. Quarry dust waste from cement industry was used to capture carbon dioxide emissions and alkali carbonates of K, Li and Na were used as catalysts. Based on the optimum conditions derived in a previous work, the effects of sorbent/biomass ratio, catalyst loading and temperature on conversion, gas composition and quality, cold gas efficiency and yield of high purity hydrogen were investigated. The amount of carbon dioxide captured up to 700 °C was 92–97 % and at 750 °C about 83 %. At Ca/C = 1 the molar fraction of hydrogen in the product gas was 74.8 %. Sodium carbonate exhibited a better overall catalytic activity at a loading of 20 % wt. In this case, hydrogen yield and concentration were 4.7 m3/kgchar and 95.9 %, respectively and char conversion 98.1 % on a dry ash-free basis. The proposed method was proved advantageous for high purity hydrogen gas production and environmental management of wastes.

Mechanical properties of metakaolin-based geopolymers modified with different contents of quarry dust waste

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of incorporating quarry dust waste on the mechanical properties of metakaolin-based geopolymers. Sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide were used as alkaline activators. Five geopolymer mixtures were prepared with 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% addition of quarry dust on the mass of solids in the mixture. The compressive strengths of the mixes ranged between 44.8 and 59.5 MPa after 28 days of ambient curing. The incorporation of quarry dust into the mass of solids in the mixture had a direct effect on the compressive strength. The results of the immersion absorption and void index tests corroborate with the compressive strength test results. The X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the quarry dust acted mainly as an inert filler material, improving the structure of the geopolymer matrix by densification. Therefore, the results showed that the incorporation of quarry dust is feasible and contributes to the trend of producing sustainable geopolymers with improved mechanical properties. In addition, new applications for the produced materials, such as mortars for fixing tiles and ceramics on floors, were made possible by the incorporation of quarry dust.

Axial compressive behavior of concrete incorporating crumb rubber pretreated with waste quarry dust

Rubber decomposition is extremely slow and time-consuming. Thus, the disposal of waste tires causes environmental issues and is very dangerous for public health. One way to reduce this environmental burden is adding waste rubber to develop green concrete. Using crumb rubber as aggregate in concrete reduces its mechanical performance. In order to enhance the mechanical properties, the use of waste quarry dust (WQD) – a waste material – for pretreating crumb rubber has been investigated in this study. The research aims to evaluate the mechanical behavior of concrete incorporating rubber particles pretreated with WQD. Nine different mixes were made in which one mix contained no replacement of sand, whereas four mixes were made by substituting (5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) of sand by volume with non-treated rubber; the remaining four contained treated rubber with WQD. The compressive stress-strain curve was examined completely, and the compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, ductility, energy absorption capacities, toughness index, and failure mode of concrete specimens, were evaluated. Also, the tensile strength of all samples was investigated. The 20% replacement of treated rubber with sand increased the compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, and tensile strength up to 100%, 86%, and 85%, respectively, compared with the same replacement percentage of non-treated rubber. The 20% substitution of sand with non-treated rubber showed 23% and 49% increased value of ductility and toughness index, respectively, compared with a similar percentage of treated rubber. It was observed that treated rubber exhibited slightly less improvement in post-peak behavior than untreated rubber. The outcome of this rubber treatment approach provides an overview of the effect of rubber treatment on the compressive stress-strain behavior of concrete.

Study on the Compaction Characteristics of Soil Mixed with Quarry Dust for Effective Recycling of Waste from Stone Quarries

ABSTRACT Exploring the viability of utilizing the quarry dust waste in construction is investigated in this study through laboratory experiments. Standard Proctor test is conducted for the two groups of soil samples (Group 1 soil without quarry dust, N=17; Group 2 soil with quarry dust, N=17). The results show that the optimum moisture content (OMC) of soil decreases and the maximum dry density (MDD) increases due to the addition of quarry dust with the soil. Also, there is a significant difference between the two groups of soil as the value of p<0.05. Thus the quarry dust can be used as an additive material so as to improve the compaction characteristics of the soil.

Tribological characteristics of electrical discharge coated layers using quarry dust suspension

In this research, a coating layer was formed on the tungsten carbide cobalt (WC-Co) substrate surface by using electrical discharge coating (EDC) with waste quarry dust powder suspension. The tribological test was carried out by using a micro pin-on-disc tribometer at a constant normal load (10N) and sliding speed (5 mm/s). The surface roughness, Vickers micro-hardness, coefficient of friction (CoF), wear weight loss, wear scar depth and wear track morphology of the coating layer were investigated and compared with the original surface of the WC-Co substrate in this study. The results indicated that under coating conditions of 5 A of peak current (Ip) and 300 μs of pulse on time (Ton), the Vickers micro-hardness increased by 28%, and the surface roughness, CoF, wear weight loss, and wear scar depth of coating layer reduced by 29%, 61%, 79%, 63%, respectively compared with the original WC-Co substrate. These results demonstrated that the coating layers produced by EDC with quarry dust waste powder suspension had good wear resistance, which could be beneficial to the cutting tool, mold and die industries.

Sustainable Utilisation of Quarry Dust Waste in Concrete: Strength Performance

Each year, a large amount of quarry dust (QD) waste is disposed into landfills. This waste material was obtained as a by-product during the production of aggregates through the crushing process of rocks at the quarry site. The increasing value of waste will have a significant impact on health and the environment. Reusing such wastes by including them into building materials is a practical answer for the pollution problem. Therefore, this research was to observe the possibility of quarry dust to be included in a concrete mix. The quarry dust has been used as a partial replacement for cement proportion at different levels of replacement (25%, 30% and 35%). Quarry dust was used as the main material in this project to measure the effectiveness of concrete performance. In this research, the quarry dust composition was determined by using X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer (XRF). From the x-ray fluorescent spectrometry test result, the quarry dust displays some similar characteristics with the Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) where it comprises a high composition of Calcium Oxide (CaO). Research were done to determine the optimum percentage of quarry dust in concrete. The result shows that 25% of quarry dust and 75% of cement is the best percentage that can be used in concrete mixture to reach the standard strength. From an economic point of view, the proposed optimum concrete mix was found to be the most economical with the reducing of RM 33 per 1 m3 of the concrete mixture. The results indicated that the quarry dust waste could be utilised as cement replacement to produce durable and resilient concrete. These materials could be an alternative low-cost material for concrete and at the same time provide a new disposal method for the waste.

Effects of pre-treatment using waste quarry dust on the adherence of recycled tyre rubber particles to cementitious paste in rubberised concrete

This research is focused on improving the mechanical response of rubberised concrete, with the objective of enhancing its weak Interfacial Transition Zone (ITZ). Pre-treatment of recycled tyre rubber particles by another material that is otherwise considered as waste, Waste Quarry Dust (WQD), diminished the hydrophobicity of rubber and subsequently eliminated excessive fluid repelling during mixing, key in reducing the gaps observed at the interface via SEM imaging. The pre-treatment consequently allowed for improved compressive strength; results indicate an increase of 282% and 276% in the 7 and 28-day compressive strength, respectively, for the selected rubberised concrete mixture.

Utilization of Quarry Dust as a Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate in Glass Fibre Reinforced Concrete introduction

Concrete plays important role in the construction of structures. The need for concrete increases day by day. Material required for concrete are getting depleted, so there is a requirement to find alternatives. At the same time the alternative materials should posses the property of the actual materials used in concrete and also they must provide the required strength to the concrete. Normally Concrete is firm in compression but anemic in tension and shear. The purpose of this study is to find the behaviour of concrete reinforced with hybrid macro fibers. By adding Glass fibers in percentages like 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%& 0.8% to the concrete, the properties like compressive, flexural and split tensile strength are investigated. The optimum percentage of glass fiber was found to be 0.4%. Quarry dust has been widely used in structures since ancient times. The present study is aimed at utilizing waste Quarry dust (WQD) in construction industry itself as fine aggregate in concrete, replacing natural sand and also by adding the optimum percentage of glass fibers. The replacement is done partially and fully in the various proportions like 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% and its effect on properties of concrete were investigated. The optimum percentage of the concrete by adding 0.4% of glass fiber and the proportions was found to be 25%.

Investigation of usability of quarry dust waste in fly ash-based geopolymer adhesive mortar production

Crushed-stone dust is a harmful waste product of crushed-stone aggregate concrete production. It has no added value and is disposed of by washing in well-organized facilities. This study experimentally investigated the geopolymer-based adhesive mortar in order to use crushed-stone dust as a building material at the best rates. Fly ash (FA) was used as the geopolymer binder and sodium silicate (SS) and NaOH were used as alkali activators. NaOH was used in three different molarities (3M, 6M and 12M). Two different materials were used as adhesive mortar mineral filler: 100% quarry dust and quarry dust mixed with silica sand at a ratio of 1/3. Geopolymer adhesive mortars were cured in an oven at 80 °C for 1, 3 and 5 h. Bulk density, apparent density, water absorption, apparent porosity, capillary water absorption, compressive strength, flexural strength, tensile adhesion and rheology experiments were performed on adhesive mortar specimens. All series had higher tensile adhesive strength than the standard. 100% of the waste material was used with the binder and mineral filler, and 33% silica sand addition made a positive contribution to some mortar properties.

Feasibility study of using Fly Ash Brick made from Reclaimed Sand Dust Waste and Quarry Dust Waste

Feasibility study of using Fly Ash Brick made from Reclaimed Sand Dust Waste and Quarry Dust Waste

Leachability of Quarry Dust Waste Incorporated into Fired Clay Brick using TCLP

Background/Objectives: Industrial waste is defined as waste generated by industrial processes, and one of these types of industrial waste are quarry dust. Currently, stockpiles approximately 60,000 tons of waste within the quarry compound and this amount has become bigger and create space problems. The criteria of the waste are very fine dust and formed from the process of producing premix using drum mix and dryer process. Therefore, this research focused on utilizing this waste in brick manufacturing as an alternative disposal method to the quarry dust as well as complies with the environmental regulations. Methods/Statistical Analysis and Findings: This research has established that the 30% of quarry dust brick improved most properties if appropriately designed and prepared during brick manufacturing. By taking into account the effects of quarry dust to the environment, it found that incorporation of 30% quarry dust into fired clay bricks leached less heavy metal during the leachability test and complied with USEPA, EPAV, and WHO standard. Application/Improvements: The comprehensive experimental testing in this research measured the possibility of incorporating quarry dust into clay bricks. Therefore, these results indicate that incorporation of quarry dust in fired clay bricks could minimize the potential of quarry dust environmentalproblems.