Quantitatively Research Articles

Beyond the counter: unveiling the financial informality dynamics of female entrepreneurs in Lima’s Bodega sector

PurposeThis study examines the interrelations among educational level, financial literacy, financial inclusion and informal financial business practices of female entrepreneurs in Lima, Peru, focusing on their intentions toward business formalization. Additionally, it explores the influence of legal formalization on both business formality and tendencies toward informality intentions.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology involved a self-administered survey among 118 female entrepreneurs in the small vendor “Bodega” sector, with statistical analysis conducted via partial least structural equation modeling.FindingsThe study’s outcomes validated the significant role of financial literacy and inclusion as mediators between educational level and formalization intentions. Notably, legal formalization did not significantly alter these dynamics.Research limitations/implicationsLimitations arise from the study’s explanatory power and lack of predictive capability for all dependent variables, likely due to sample specificity. Additionally, the quantitative research approach does not allow for a deeper understanding of these phenomena.Practical implicationsWe advocate reevaluating prevailing attitudes toward legal formality and informal practices, emphasizing tailored public policies for older female entrepreneurs and access to formal financing independent of legal registration. This underscores the need for enhanced educational levels for young women and coordinated efforts among institutional actors to more effectively promote formality.Originality/valueThis research contributes original insights into the emphasis on informal practices over mere legal registration, especially pertinent to female entrepreneurship. It also highlights the counterintuitive significant inverse relationship between age and formalization intentions, enriching the discourse on entrepreneurial motivation.

Environmental Efficiency of Municipalities in the Araguaia River Valley in the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil: an Approach Via Data Envelopment Analysis

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the environmental efficiency of municipalities located in the Araguaia River Valley, in the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil, focusing on the relationship between economic development and sustainability, aiming to identify practices that promote the conservation of biodiversity and the reduction of environmental impacts. Theoretical Framework: The text addresses concepts of sustainable development and sustainability, highlighting important distinctions between them. It highlights the relevance of urban planning, in association with the Sustainable Development Goals, as a tool for including environmental factors in promoting environmental quality and the well-being of communities. In this sense, the rational use of natural resources appears to be a preponderant and essential factor in ensuring sustainability and promoting balanced development. Method: This is a qualitative and quantitative approach. The data were obtained through the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics website for the Gross Domestic Product variable and on the Terrabrasilis website for the deforestation variable, involving 25 municipalities in Mato Grosso, in the Araguaia river basin. Based on the data, the R software was used to process the information, using a mathematical model based on Data Envelopment Analysis. Results and Discussion: The results showed a low level of environmental efficiency in the VRS model, with average values of 0.25762 (2017), 0.21655 (2018), 0.36978 (2019), 0.214396 (2020) and 0.28803 (2021). A minority of municipalities were highlighted in environmental efficiency, indicating that they are located on the DEA production frontier, pointing to a balance between environmental protection and economic growth. The success of the municipalities that stood out demonstrates the importance of planning, social mobilization and commitment, it is possible to reverse or minimize the scenario of environmental degradation. Research Implications: The study points to the need for public policies aimed at improving the environmental efficiencies of municipalities that showed lower performance, especially minimizing deforestation. Originality/Value: The originality of the study focuses on the importance of studies aimed at measuring environmental efficiency in the municipalities that make up the cerrado, highlighting the importance of preserving and conserving this biome.

The Discourse Markers 'Olha' And 'Viu' And Their Pragmatic Functions In Language Use

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate and describe the pragmatic contexts of the discourse markers "olha" and "viu" in vernacular language, identifying patterns of functioning through a functionalist analysis of these phenomena. Theoretical Framework: The main theoretical concepts guiding this research are rooted in a functional approach to language, based on a dynamic conception of language (Bybee, 2016), where use, discourse, and grammar interrelate in linguistic structuring. Additionally, we mapped what key authors (Risso, Silva, and Urbano, 2006; Brinton, 2017; and Traugott, 2022) in the field say about discourse markers, concluding that these elements are multifunctional; although optional from a syntactic perspective, they play an essential discourse-pragmatic role, considering their thetic nature of monitoring and regulating interaction. Method: We adopted a mixed methodology (Cunha Lacerda, 2016), which includes a qualitative and quantitative approach. The study design involves analyzing the phenomenon based on data samples drawn from three corpora: the Corpus of Cultured Portuguese of Vitória da Conquista (PCVC), the Corpus of Popular Portuguese of Vitória da Conquista (PPVC), and the Linguistic Corpus of Ibicoara. These corpora contain a total of 591,425 words from oral interviews following Labovian standards. For data analysis, we used the freeware AntConc, a corpus analysis tool required for linguistic studies, allowing for detailed searches and analyses. After data collection and quantification, we proceeded to an interpretative analysis of each occurrence found. Results and Discussion: Data collection revealed a total of 284 occurrences, of which 147 were for the marker "olha" and 137 for "viu." Pragmatically, these markers demonstrated multifunctionality through six distinct functions, namely: prefacing: delaying or deviating from the expected initial response by the interlocutor; argumentation: marking the speaker's position in presenting or defending a viewpoint and inviting the interlocutor to share it; reported speech: introducing a reported statement in another communicative context; interjection: a phatic function indicating the speaker's feelings; seeking discursive approval: the speaker's request for approval from the interlocutor to continue the discourse; and feedback: complementing the quest for discursive approval and expressing a clear orientation of the listener toward the speaker through attentive engagement with the interlocutor's speech. These data allow us to affirm that the markers are indeed multifunctional and, from a discursive perspective, essential for constructing meaning. Research Implications: We aim to significantly impact the field of linguistic studies from a functionalist perspective based on usage, as well as its discussion in the context of regular education. Teachers can use this study to enhance classroom discussions on issues related to the oral modality of the language, reflecting on aspects of linguistic (in)adequacy as well as paradigmatic analysis. This study also suggests that linguistic discussions should be based on a broad approach that considers extralinguistic aspects. Originality/Value: This study contributes to linguistic discussions that extend beyond syntactic structure relations. By considering discourse markers as thetic elements, we shed light on the discursive aspect of language and how discourse markers function multifunctionally to structure meaning. In this regard, we understand markers as essential elements in the oral modality of language based on their pragmatic functioning, while also hoping to contribute to reducing the stigma surrounding these elements due to a lack of a more in-depth approach in the prescriptive compendiums present in classrooms.

Hubungan Kelengkapan Alat Praktek Siswa Konsentrasi Keahlian Teknik Kendaraan Ringan dengan Kesiapan Siswa untuk Melaksanakan Praktek Kerja Industri di SMK Negeri 1 Padang

This study aims to analyze the relationship between the completeness of practical tools and student readiness to carry out Industrial Work Practices (Prakerin) at SMK Negeri 1 Padang. A quantitative approach with a correlational method was used in this study, with a sample of 56 students from the Light Vehicle Engineering (TKR) department selected using purposive sampling technique. Data were collected through questionnaires measuring the completeness of practical tools and student readiness, and analyzed using Pearson correlation test and simple linear regression. The results showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between the completeness of practical tools and students' readiness to carry out Prakerin, with a correlation coefficient of 0.70. Regression analysis revealed that the completeness of practical tools contributed 49% to student readiness, while the other 51% was influenced by other factors. The implications of this study indicate the importance of providing adequate practical tools to improve student readiness to face the industrial world. Good completeness of practical tools can help students master practical skills and increase their confidence in a real work environment.

IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROJECT BASED LEARINING (PJBL) BERBASIS VIDEO PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF TERHADAP MINAT BELAJAR SISWA

The rapid advancement of technology forces every individual to face increasingly complex challenges. This also has an impact on the world of education, where the ability of learners is developed along with the times. This study aims to determine whether there is an influence and difference in student learning interest using a project-based learning model (PJBL) with the help of interactive learning videos in video editing subjects. The research method used is a pseudo-experimental design with a quantitative approach, and data collection is done through a questionnaire given to 66 grade X students at SMK Darus Syifa in Cilegon city. The results showed that the application of the project-based learning model influenced student interest in learning, and there were differences in the increase in the average percentage of questionnaire scores, where the control class had an average score of 53.26% while the experimental class reached 60.69%. This research is expected to be a learning model in basic video editing subjects and provide benefits for teachers, students, and future researchers.

Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Perilaku Membolos Siswa SMP

This research is motivated by the existence of a number of factors that influence students' truant behavior at school. This research aims to describe the factors that influence the truancy behavior of students at SMPN 1 Lembah Gumanti in terms of: (1) the aspect of not going to school for days, (2) the aspect of not going to school without permission, (3) the aspect of frequently leaving during class hours. . certain things, (4) aspects of going to school on different days, (5) aspects of being invited by friends to go out for subjects you don't like, (6) aspects of not going to class after break time, (7) aspects of sending permission letters with made-up reasons. For. This type of research uses a quantitative approach with descriptive methods. The research sample used a total sampling technique of 90 people. The instrument used was a questionnaire. Data is processed using a percentage formula. The research results show the factors that influence students to skip class: (1) because they are not in a good mood, (2) because they are not enthusiastic about going to school, (3) because they don't get more pocket money, (4) because they are bored with the material presented. and the way the teacher teaches, (5) because he feels that the teacher who teaches is favoritism, (6) because his friend invited him to sit in the canteen during class time, (7) he left class time because he was invited by his friend, (8) because the class atmosphere was not pleasant, (9) stay in the canteen to eat, (10) because they are not interested in the next subject (11) because they don't do their school work, (12) because they are afraid of being punished if they don't come in without explanation.

Interdisciplinary Scientific Evidence for a New Agenda on The Challenges of Operations Management in the Built Environment in Brazil

Objective: This study aimed to identify scientific evidence concerning the legal dimension of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Brazil, serving as a foundation for guidelines on a new agenda addressing the challenges of operations management with a specific focus on university intellectual property (IP) in the built environment. Theoretical Framework: Two theoretical axes were addressed: (1) Innovation and the legal dimension of AI and (2) Intellectual property (IP) in the university context. Method: The research was exploratory and descriptive, employing both qualitative and quantitative approaches, carried out through: (a) a bibliographic review; (b) empirical research, with textual analysis. Voyant Tools software was used for the analysis. Results and Discussion: The results of the textual analysis, including Cirrus and Link, revealed six scientific pieces of evidence, enabling the development of a robust set of guidelines on the subject. Research Implications: The research provided insights that supported the proposal of a new agenda, fostering a feedback loop between theory and practice on the topic. Originality/Value: The interdisciplinary approach to the topic underscores the originality of this research. Its value lies in broadening the debate on management in the built environment, highlighting the role of AI and university IP, topics with great potential to contribute to innovations in the bidirectional flow between academia and the labor market.

Transformative Assessment Review

The rapid advancement of generative artificial intelligence (AI) in education and the workforce necessitates that students acquire critical competencies, including digital literacy, data integrity, and ethical AI use, to navigate an increasingly AI-driven world. Equally, academic staff must be upskilled to effectively guide students in the ethical and practical applications of AI. This project examines how a private higher education (HE) institute has modified its Quality Assessment Framework (QAF) to incorporate an AI competence dimension, improve HE assessment and foster students’ competencies. This new dimension complements the existing QAF elements—Intellectual Quality, Significance, and Student Support to ensure a holistic approach in preparing students for AI-integrated academic and professional environments. This project’s framework and innovative tools, such as the enhanced QAF and an AI-driven Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) assessment review tool, support educators in adapting curriculum and assessment design, and empower them to integrate AI competencies seamlessly into the curriculum. The development of these tools drew upon established frameworks, particularly the QAF (Gore et al., 2009) and the AI Assessment Scale (AIAS) by Perkins et al. (2024), which categorises AI usage across five levels, guides assessment reviews and ensures consistent standards for AI integration in student work. A trial, conducted across selected disciplines at the institute, involved academic staff as assessment reviewers and utilised the GPT tool to streamline the assessment review process by aiding in feedback provision, coding, and suggestions for improvement. Evaluation of the tool includes qualitative and quantitative methodologies, gathering academic feedback on usability, clarity, and effectiveness, as well as comparative studies to assess review time and quality before and after GPT integration. Usability testing evaluates workflow compatibility, while academic performance data provide insights into the tool’s impact on student outcomes. Initial results on the tool’s success in enhancing assessment alignment with institutional goals and fostering a comprehensive understanding of AI competence were also examined. Developing and implementing these tools has presented challenges, including the complexity of aligning them with diverse curriculum needs across disciplines, the time investment required for staff training, and the necessity of continuous updates to keep pace with AI technology. Addressing these challenges has been crucial to ensuring the effectiveness and sustainability of these solutions. This digital poster provides insights into the project, covering its development process, trial outcomes, challenges encountered, and future directions for integrating AI competence in higher education assessments.

Visual grading of valvular regurgitation is inferior to measurement – results from the VIAVA-study (VIsual Assessment of VAlvular Regurgitation)

While the visual estimation of systolic left ventricular function by experienced examiners closely aligns with quantitative methodologies, the accuracy of visual estimation in determining the severity of valvular regurgitation using colour flow Doppler assessment of native heart valves remains largely unexplored. This study analysed the ability of 262 physicians to visually estimate the severity of 12 native valve regurgitations by grading colour Doppler transthoracic echocardiography loops in an online questionnaire. The assessments of the participants were compared to standardized quantitative evaluations conducted by certified echocardiography experts. Of the three valves to assess, evaluations by the participants showed the best correlation (Rs = 0.75, p < 0.0001) and agreement (percent agreement: 66.4%) with those of the experts in mitral valve regurgitation (MR). High agreement was observed for mild regurgitation across all valves (MR 94.5%, AR 80.3% and TR 88.7%), while consensus diminished in moderate (MR 55.9%, AR 49.5% and TR 55.0%) and severe regurgitation (MR 57.6%, AR 67.4%, TR 14.6%). The study underscores the potential utility of visual estimation of valvular regurgitation in clinical settings for identifying clinically relevant regurgitations. However, our findings also highlight the importance of integrating visual estimation with quantitative methods, particularly in moderate and severe cases of regurgitation.

Uncovering bacterial-mammalian cell interactions via single-cell tracking

BackgroundThe interactions between bacterial pathogens and host cells are characterized by a multitude of complexities, leading to a wide range of heterogeneous outcomes. Despite extensive research, we still have a limited understanding of how bacterial motility in complex environments impacts their ability to tolerate antibiotics and adhere to mammalian cell surfaces. The challenge lies in unraveling the complexity of these interactions and developing quantitative microscopy approaches to predict the behavior of bacterial populations.ResultsTo address this challenge, we directed our efforts towards Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a pathogenic bacterium known for producing thick films in the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients, and Escherichia coli, used as a proof of concept to develop and demonstrate our single-cell tracking approaches. Our results revealed that P. aeruginosa exhibits diverse and complex interactions on mammalian cell surfaces, such as adhesion, rotational motion, and swimming, unlike the less interactive behavior of Escherichia coli. Our analysis indicated that P. aeruginosa demonstrated lower mean-squared displacement (MSD) values and greater adherence to mammalian cells compared to E. coli, which showed higher MSD slopes and less frequent adherence. Genetic mutations in membrane proteins of P. aeruginosa resulted in altered displacement patterns and reduced adhesion, with the ΔfliD mutant displaying a more Gaussian displacement distribution and significantly less adherence to mammalian cells. Adhesion and tolerance mechanisms are diverse and complex, potentially involving distinct pathways; however, our findings highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting the fliD gene (encoding a critical flagellum protein), as its deletion not only reduced adherence but also antibiotic tolerance.ConclusionsOverall, our findings underscore the importance of single cell tracking in accurately assessing bacterial behavior over short time periods and highlight its significant potential in guiding effective intervention strategies.

Visual Representation of Gender in Morocco's Earthquake Coverage in International News Channel

This study aimed at identifying the way of Media's framing of gender while covering Twitter official accounts for the international news channels concerning Morocco's earthquake. To achieve the study objectives. The researchers used quantitative and qualitative content-analysis approach by using MAXQDA software. Adopted in Ali (2014), where similar sample-selection way and analysis categories were used. The study’s findings indicate that Al-Jazeera account was the most publishing site to mixed images (males/ females) with a total of 22 images, whereas (CNN) account was the most publishing site to women's images with a total of 17 images. The results of image-analysis, according to the category, revealed that the most common category was “helplessness” with a percentage of 46%. The images of “weakness and sickliness” were identical for the mixed and women's images, whereas only one image was for men. This revealed that women have usually been amongst the weakest categories that were more exposed to risks in case of natural disasters, such as earthquakes and floods. Image analysis revealed that the means of media supports the idea that some housework tasks are exclusive for women, and that those tasks may increase in times of natural disasters. Some images revealed that women remain physically strong and attempt to overcome this disaster, where they could break the stereotypical view implying that women are helpless in times of crises.

The Trichotomy of Internationalization of Higher Education, Emigration and Social Policies: a National Level Research Case in Albania on University Youth as Potential Emigrants

Aim: The research aims to analyse the trichotomy of the main pillars (education, emigration, and policies) by measuring the opinions of youth, based on the tendency of new emigration flows, the education in university that prepares them as highly skilled workers for global trades (due to curricula, contemporary preparation with knowledge according to the labour market acquisitions, and internationalisation policies), and the identification of push factors of emigration of university youth as the new and current emigration tendencies in Albania. Methods: To guarantee a national-level measurement of the university youth emigration potential, due to the mentioned indicators, the empirical data gained from the quantitative online survey research on the measurement of opinions of (N=1010) Albanian university youth, at the national level of (N=7) (all) public universities in Albania, in (N=13) departments on social sciences profile, analysed by the Statistical program IMB SPSS 26, in different statistical approach analysis, such as descriptive, frequency, cross-tabs and Kurtosis. Results: Measuring the indicators, the results show that the internationalisation of universities prepares students for the international labour market, current social policies do not favour them in the labour market, and the current economic, political and social factors turned on the main push factors of potential emigration of university youth. Conclusion: The internationalisation of universities prepares students with skills for local and international labour markets. Still, the current economic, social, and cultural anomic situation and the lack of efficient employment policies are the main push factors for the emigration of university youth as high-skill workers.

The Effect of Digital Analytics Capacity and Open Eco-Innovation on The Reduction And Waste Of Grain Losses

Objective: The study aims to analyze the effect of digital capacity and open process and management eco-innovation on the reduction and disposal of grain losses. Theoretical Framework: In this topic, digital analysis capacity and open eco-innovation are presented, providing a solid basis for understanding the context of the investigation. Method: The methodology adopted for this research comprises a quantitative approach, with grain companies in Brazil. Data was collected through a questionnaire, in which 175 responses were obtained and analyzed using structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Results/Discussion: The results obtained revealed that open-process eco-innovation helps in the prevention and disposal of grain losses. In contrast, open management eco-innovation helps in the disposal of grain losses. Furthermore, open process and management eco-innovation mediate the relationship between digital analysis capability and the allocation of grain losses. Research Implications: Practical and theoretical implications of this research are discussed, providing insights into how the results can be applied or influence practices in subject management and sustainability. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature on open process and management eco-innovation as an intermediary mechanism to explore the relationship between digital analysis capability and the prevention and allocation of grain losses. The relevance and value of this research are evidenced by showing managers strategies and ways to prevent grain losses that occur in the production, post-harvest, and processing phases.

Analyzing spatiotemporal features of Suzhou's old canal city: an optimized composite space syntax model based on multifaceted historical-modern data

AbstractRivers and road systems play crucial roles in urban development and in shaping the vitality of cities. The present study focuses on the spatiotemporal development patterns of canal cities. Taking Suzhou as an example, employing various spatial measurement methods combined with multidimensional spatiotemporal data, it clearly demonstrates the urban morphological patterns and societal characteristics related to the road and river network systems at different stages of urban development. Utilizing data extracted from historical and modern maps of Suzhou and employing the YOLO (You Only Look Once) algorithm, this study establishes a spatiotemporal dataset for Suzhou's ancient city, a representative Chinese canal city. An optimized space syntax algorithm for public service facilities, utilizing Python library like Geopandas, Numpy, is proposed to analyze the river and road system's impact on historical development and urban morphology. With multiple spatial econometric models applied to maps from various periods, this research explores the following findings: (1) By controlling rivers as a variable, it quantitatively confirms that rivers were crucial components of urban systems in ancient cities, playing a significant role in urban development and activities, though gradually overlooked in modern times. (2) Public service facilities of different types demonstrate patterns of Accessibility and Integration within the river-road system across various periods. (3) Changes in the distribution of public service facilities correspond to phased shifts in the center of Suzhou’s ancient city, mutually validating the authenticity of realistic paintings, historical maps, and the methodologies used in this study. This study emphasizes a broader historical and spatiotemporal perspective, augmented by quantitative research methods. It investigates the distribution and developmental characteristics of various types of public service facilities across different periods. The research aim is to understand the impact of river and road systems on urban development, as well as the morphological and social changes in historical cities that arise from urban activities.

Examining the Impact of Financial Literacy on Investment Behaviour and Demographic Factors in Bangalore

This study investigates the relationship between financial literacy, investment behavior, and demographic factors such as age, gender, education, and marital status among individuals in Bangalore. Utilizing a quantitative research design, data were collected through a structured questionnaire from 78 respondents. Descriptive statistics summarized demographic profiles and financial literacy scores, while inferential statistics, including ANOVA and chi-square tests, were used to test hypotheses. Results indicated significant relationships between age and savings, education and savings, financial literacy and investment returns, and education and investment returns. However, no significant differences were found in financial literacy scores across different investment behaviors, marital statuses, and savings levels. These findings underscore the critical role of financial literacy in shaping investment behavior and highlight the need for targeted financial education programs to enhance financial decision-making among diverse demographic groups in Bangalore.

Livelihood Resiliency of Selected Informal Sectors in Cebu City, the Philippines

This study focused on the livelihood resiliency of selected informal sectors in Cebu City, the Philippines. It employed a mixed-method approach to describe how informal sectors responded to external shocks. A quantitative approach was used to measure three resilience capacities: absorptive, adaptive, and transformative resilience. The results revealed that both street and platform vendors showed high resilience capacities. When relationships between gender and resilience capacity levels were tested for street and platform vendors, only gender and adaptive capacities showed significant relationships at the .02 and .04 levels, respectively. By contrast, their absorptive and transformative resilience capacities showed no significant differences. Qualitative findings revealed that informal sector street and platform vendors were vulnerable in times of economic shock due to their irregular incomes, poor working conditions, and struggles to sell their products. Despite external shocks, they attempted to cope by looking for alternative sources of income, utilizing their savings, and receiving assistance from the government, along with support from their families.

Examining the Support of Students in e-Learning Context: e-Tutors’ Perspectives

Student support received some attention from e-learning institutions but with some caution in the extent of empirical studies where -tutors’ perceptions were explored. The premise of this research paper is to contribute to an understanding of how support is understood from the e-tutors’ perspectives. It also aims to suggest new and alternative support mechanisms for the e-tutors. Six e-tutors were participants in the Design Thinking and Technology course modules for honours students at a distance learning institution. A quantitative approach and web questionnaires were used to collect the data and were analyzed and visualized through pie charts to represent the data. The findings reveal a significant gap in the e-tutors' ability to effectively support students based on the constructs that were developed. This highlights a critical area for improvement in the training and resources provided to e-tutors to enhance the efficacy of online education.

The Efficacy of Open Performance Review and Appraisal System on Teachers’ Work Performance in Tanzania. A Case of Selected schools of Vwawa, Iyula and Msangano Secondary Schools in Mbozi District

This study mainly sought to determine the effectiveness of the Open Performance Review and Appraisal System (OPRAS) on Teachers' work performance in the selected secondary schools of Vwawa, Iyula and Msangano in Mbozi district council. The study was also driven by the following main objective, which includes; how the practice of OPRAS has improved the work performance of secondary school teachers in Mbozi district council. A mixed research approach both qualitative and quantitative approach with 93 respondents was employed. Questionnaires and interviews were used to obtain data. Quantitative data was analyzed through descriptive statistics where inferences were presented in the form of frequencies and percentiles. Qualitative information was also analyzed through thematic and content analysis and presented in the form of concepts and narrations. Although Mbozi district has been effectively implementing OPRAS for the past 15 years, active data show that the district has a stable progression performance rate of 30.1 % since 2018 to date. The key variable that was tested was increased teacher commitment. Considerably, this has been established due to constant growth rates of indicators of performance against the performance of teachers from 2018 to 2023. The study recommended that the government should set and engage a realistic budget for training, and empowerment workshops and highly capacitate the Office of the public communications for the purpose of intensifying communication and feedback in public organizations including secondary schools

The Effect of Training and Work Environment on Employee Performance through Employee Engagement as an Intervening Variable

This research aims to examine the influence of Training and Work Environment through Employee Engagement on Employee Performance at PT. Coway International Indonesia. This research was motivated by employee performance which was not mentioned, so research was carried out to find out which training, work environment and Employee Engagement variables would have the most influence on employee performance at PT. Coway International Indonesia. The population in the study were employees of PT. Coway International Indonesia. Meanwhile, the research sample was taken using a purposive sampling technique and then using a saturated sampling technique, namely all members of the population were used as samples with a total of 100 respondents. This research is quantitative research using the Structural Equation Model - Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) method. The results of the research show that Training and Work Environment have a positive effect on Employee Engagement, Training and Work Environment have a positive effect on Employee Performance, Employee Engagement has a positive effect on Employee Performance, Training has no positive effect on Employee Performance through Employee Engagement, finally the Work Environment has a positive effect on Performance Employees through Employee Engagement. After conducting research, the author suggests expanding the population to other branches, so that it can represent more answers from Coway International Indonesia employees. Coway International Indonesia throughout Indonesia. Apart from that, you can also add other supporting variables, such as Work Motivation, Job Satisfaction, Reward and Punishment and other variables that are relevant to the novelty of the research.

Human Resource Management Affecting Organizational Engagement: A Case Study of The Nakhon Si Thammarat Provincial Administrative Organization

Background and Aim: Nowadays, the world has changed. Management within public and private organizations There is a need for adaptation, especially in ​​human resource management. Nakhon Si Thammarat Provincial Administrative Organization It is an agency whose duty is to provide public services. Human resource management has been given importance in line with goals and missions by giving importance to building morale. And develop personnel potential. There is a salary adjustment. Organize employee training to enhance personnel knowledge. If a person is attached to the organization, it will lead to loyalty. And intend to work efficiently. Research on “Human resource management that affects organizational commitment: A case study of Nakhon Si Thammarat Provincial Administrative Organization” has the following objectives; 1) Study the level of human resource management. And the level of commitment to the organization of Nakhon Si Thammarat Provincial Administrative Organization personnel, 2) Study the relationship between human resource management and organizational commitment of Nakhon Si Thammarat Provincial Administrative Organization personnel. Materials and Methods: It is quantitative research. The population used in this research is personnel working in the Nakhon Si Thammarat Provincial Administrative Organization. The sample group used in this research is personnel working in the Nakhon Si Thammarat Provincial Administrative Organization, which is 200 people, by convenience sampling. The instrument used to collect data was a questionnaire. Statistics used in data analysis include frequency, percentage, and arithmetic mean. Standard deviation and correlation coefficient Results: The results of the study found that 1) Human resource management level and the level of organizational engagement, it was found that the overall human resource management of the Nakhon Si Thammarat Provincial Administrative Organization was at the highest level. When considering each aspect, it was found that every aspect has the highest human resource management level. The aspect with the highest human resource management score was personnel, followed by Relationships with businesses and organizations and welfare. 2) The relationship between human resource management and overall organizational engagement is at the highest level. When considering each aspect, it was found that every aspect had the highest level of commitment to the organization. The aspects with the highest commitment to the organization are Satisfaction in the workplace and effective communication, Followed by Fair compensation, Effective leadership style, and job security. Overall, human resource management of the Nakhon Si Thammarat Provincial Administrative Organization is significantly related to the organizational commitment of Nakhon Si Thammarat Provincial Administrative Organization personnel at the 0.01 level, with a high level of relationship Conclusion: Overall, the Nakhon Si Thammarat Provincial Administrative Organization has the highest human resource management level. Arrange the scores for each aspect from highest to lowest: 1) personal aspect, 2) relationship with businesses and organizations, and 3) welfare aspect. Organizational engagement of Nakhon Si Thammarat Provincial Administrative Organization personnel as a whole It has a relationship with human resource management in both general and in each of the three areas The relationship is at a high level and is going in the same direction.