Quality Parameters Of Potatoes Research Articles

Water-Yield Relationships of Potato in Mediterranean Climatic Conditions

This study was carried out in Isparta University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Research, and Application Farm in 2021 to determine the effect of different irrigation water levels on tuber yield and quality parameters of the Agria potato variety. Drip irrigation method was used in the study and five different irrigation water levels (S1: 120% of the seven-day ETo, S2: 90% of the seven-day ETo, S3: 60% of the seven-day ETo, S4: 30% of the seven-day ETo, S5: No irrigation except germination and emergence) were determined based on the reference evapotranspiration (ETo). Irrigation water (IW) amounts varied between 85.66-639.26 mm and evapotranspiration varied between 296.54-825.15 mm. Different amounts of IW significantly affected the vegetative growth, yield and quality parameters of potato. As irrigation water decreased, total tuber yield and marketable yield declined. Total tuber yield and marketable yield were 46.11 t/ha and 40.59 t/ha, respectively, in S1 treatment where the maximum amount of IW was applied, while they were 12.96 t/ha and 6.37 t/ha, respectively, in S5 treatment where no irrigation was applied. Logarithmic relationships were determined between evapotranspiration and total yield and between the amount of IW and total yield. Water use efficiency was determined between 43.69-55.88 kg/(ha×mm) and irrigation water use efficiency between 32.34-51.86 kg/(ha×mm) and yield response factor (ky) was calculated as 1.19.

Effect of Phosphorus Level on Nutrient Availability and Economics of Potato Crop (Solanum tuberosum L.)

The experiment was conducted at Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology's Main Experiment Station, Department of Vegetable Science, Narendra Nagar (Kumarganj), ayodhya (U.P.), during the Rabi season of 2016–17. The soil in the experimental field has a sandy loam texture. Four replications of a Randomized Block Study were applied to seven treatments. The experimental findings showed that the use of RDF 100 kg P2O5 per ha was found better with respect to promotion of growth, yield and quality parameters of potato. The maximum value on growth characters were also recorded T7 -RDF kg P2O5 ha-1 is better as compare to (T5-90 kg P2O5 ha-1 and T6-120 kg P2O5 ha-1) using in potato variety Kufri Khyati. It was found significantly superior over rest of all the treatments. An application of treatment T7 -RDF 100 kg P2O5 ha-1 in was found to be most effective total phosphorus uptake by plant and tuber (24.31kg h-1) and available phosphorus (13.50 kg h-1). The tuber and plant content of phosphorus was found T7 (.280 %) and (0.156%) and dry matter (18.10%) tuber and (10.86%) in plant for highest tubers yield (388.79 q per ha) and maximum net return Rs. 139062 as benefit cost ratio 1.47 on this dose of phosphorus in the years investigation.

Effect of phosphorus levels on nutrient availability, growth and yield of potato crop (Solanum tuberosum L.)

The experiment was conducted on potato (cv. Kufri Khyati) at the main experiment station, Department of Vegetable Science, Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Narendra Nagar (Kumarganj), Ayodhya (U.P.) during the Rabi season of 2016-17. Seven treatments were arranged in randomized block design with four replications. The experimental findings showed that the use of RDF 100 kg P2O5 ha-1 was found better with respect to promotion of growth, yield and quality parameters of potato. The maximum value on growth characters were also recorded with RDF 100 kg P2O5 ha-1 in potato. It was found significantly superior over other treatments in almost all growth characters. The yield contributing characters such as the weight of A, B, C and D grade tubers per plot and the yield of tubers (q ha-1) were influenced significantly by using different levels of phosphorus. The maximum yield (388.79 q ha-1) was recorded with the application of RDF 100 kg P2O5 ha-1 in potato. It was found significantly superior over the rest of the treatments. An application of RDF 100 kg P2O5 ha-1 was found to be most effective for optimum growth: maximum tubers yield (388.79 q ha-1) and maximum net return Rs. 139062 as benefit cost ratio 1.47 on this dose of Phosphorus in the year’s investigation.

Growth and Quality Responses to Plant Spacing in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Varieties

The present investigation was conducted during winter season of 2020 at Experimental Farm of Vegetable Sciences, DAV University, Jalandhar to study the growth and quality responses to plant spacing in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) varieties. Experimental material consisted of four varieties (Kufri Pukhraj, Kufri Jyoti, Kufri Badshah, Kufri Chandramukhi) sown at three spacings (70 cm × 20 cm, 60 cm × 20 cm, 50 cm × 20 cm) and laid in Factorial Randomized Block design with three replications. Observations on number of leaves per plant at 30 DAS, number of leaves per plant at 60 DAS, number of leaves per plant at 90 DAS, Plant height (cm) at 30 Days After Sowing (DAS), Plant height (cm) at 60 DAS, Plant height (cm) at 90 DAS, average tuber weight (g), number of tuber plant, marketable tuber yield per plot (kg), unmarketable tuber yield per plot (kg),tuber yield per plot (kg), TSS, ascorbic acid (mg/100g), starch content (%) and dry matter content (%) were recorded. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) revealed significant effect of spacing, varieties and their interaction for all the characters under study. It was observed that plants sown at spacing S1 (70 cm × 20 cm) resulted in superior performance for most of the traits studied. Among cultivars, desirable results were observed in V1 (Kufri Pukhraj). Considering the interaction of varieties and spacing it was concluded that Kufri Pukhraj sown at a spacing of 70 cm × 20 cm can result in superior performance with respect to growth, yield, and quality parameters of potato.

Impact of Exogenously Sprayed Antioxidants on Physio-Biochemical, Agronomic, and Quality Parameters of Potato in Salt-Affected Soil.

Salinity is one of the harsh environmental stresses that destructively impact potato growth and production, particularly in arid regions. Exogenously applied safe–efficient materials is a vital approach for ameliorating plant growth, productivity, and quality under salinity stress. This study aimed at investigating the impact of foliar spray using folic acid (FA), ascorbic acid (AA), and salicylic acid (SA) at different concentrations (100, 150, or 200 mg/L) on plant growth, physiochemical ingredients, antioxidant defense system, tuber yield, and quality of potato (Solanum tuberosum L cv. Spunta) grown in salt-affected soil (EC = 7.14 dS/m) during two growing seasons. The exogenously applied antioxidant materials (FA, AA, and SA) significantly enhanced growth attributes (plant height, shoot fresh and dry weight, and leaves area), photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a and b and carotenoids), gas exchange (net photosynthetic rate, Pn; transpiration rate, Tr; and stomatal conductance, gs), nutrient content (N, P, and K), K+/ Na+ ratio, nonenzymatic antioxidant compounds (proline and soluble sugar content), enzymatic antioxidants (catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX)) tuber yield traits, and tuber quality (dry matter, protein, starch percentage, total carbohydrates, and sugars percentage) compared with untreated plants in both seasons. Otherwise, exogenous application significantly decreased Na+ and Cl− compared to the untreated control under salt stress conditions. Among the assessed treatments, the applied foliar of AA at a rate of 200 mg/L was more effective in promoting salt tolerance, which can be employed in reducing the losses caused by salinity stress in potato grown in salt-affected soils.

Effects of Crop Geometry and Nutrient Management On Nutrient Uptake and Quality Parameters of Potato Under Winter Maize + Potato Intercropping System

Effects of crop geometry and nutrient management on nutrient uptake and quality parameters of potato under winter maize + potato intercropping system were studied during two consecutive years (2015-2016 and 2016-17) at BHU, Varanasi, India. Results revealed that under different crop geometry the nutrient uptake (NPK kg/ha) were obtained significantly higher with 1 : 2 row ratio in additive series as compared to other row ratio due to maximum plant population. The minimum nutrient uptake (NPK kg/ha) were obtained with 1:1 row ratio in replacement series. However, quality parameters (protein and starch) did not vary significantly by different crop geometry during both the years of investigation. Amongst nutrient management, the highest nutrient uptake (NPK kg/ha) and quality parameters (protein and starch) were obtained significantly with the application of 100% RDF + 25% N through poultry manure followed by the application of 100% RDF + 25% N through vermicompost. Thus, the results suggest that 1:2 row ratio (crop geometry) in additive series with 100% RDF + 25% N through poultry manure (nutrient management) followed by 100% RDF + 25 % N through vermicompost were feasible and practicable during both the years of investigations. Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(4): 1011-1019, 2021 (December)

Response of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) under Different Levels of Irrigation and Fertigation through Drip System

There are very few studies on cabbage at different fertigation levels in the Marmara Region, where this study was conducted. In this respect, our study has a unique quality. This study was carried out in Bursa Uludag University Yenisehir İbrahim Orhan Vocational School application greenhouses in 2014-2015 years. Five different irrigation treatments (T1: 100% (full irrigation), T2: 75%, T3: 50%, T4: 25%, T5: 0% (non-irrigated)) and two different fertigation treatments; F1.0: 100% (100:100:100 NPK) fertigation and F0.5: 50% (50:50:50 NPK) fertigation were combined together to determine the effects on yield and quality parameters of potatoes. The amount of irrigation water in 2014 and 2015 years varied between 0.0-630.0 mm and 0.0-660 mm, respectively, while evapotranspiration values varied between 180.0-670 mm and 190.0-675 mm, respectively. It was determined that irrigation water and fertigation levels, yield and quality parameters of potatoes were affected significantly. In both application years, the highest yield was obtained from T1F1.0 treatment as 45.0 and 47.0 tons‘ ha-1 respectively, while the lowest yield was obtained from T5F1.0 treatment as 4.0 and 5.0 tons ha-1, respectively. In 2014 and 2015 years the crop response factor (ky) values of potato were calculated as 1.11-1.11 and 1.21-1.14, respectively. When the full fertigation (F1.0: 100% -100:100:100 NPK) and the insufficient F0.5: 50% - (50:50:50 NPK) fertigation treatments are compared, significant differences have arisen in terms of yield and quality parameters. T2F1.0 and T2F0.5 treatments can be recommended as the most effective irrigation and fertilization levels of potato.

Instalación y evaluación de secador solar autónomo para secado de papa en Tarma

En este trabajo se ha desarrollado un secador solar autónomo y automatizado para secar papa en la localidad de Tarma a una altitud de 3 040 m en julio de 2019, el cual cuenta con un colector solar con dos reflectores, cámara de secado con capacidad de 20 kg, panel fotovoltaico y un sistema de control. Se estudió el comportamiento térmico del secador solar sin carga, logrando incrementos de la temperatura en la cámara de secado de hasta 50.7 ±7 °C con radiaciones solares de 880 ±144 W m-2h-1. Se evaluó el efecto del pretratamiento con dos concentraciones de bisulfito de sodio(0.02% y 0.03%) y tres temperaturas de secado (50 °C, 55 °C y 60 °C) para evaluar las características físicas (L *), fisicoquímicas (acidez, pH) y químicas (humedad y cenizas). Los resultados mostraron una reducción de 70% del agua teniendo una humedad final entre 12.56% a 13.85%. Asimismo, no fue encontrado diferencia significativa (p> 0.05) entre las características físicas, fisicoquímicas y química a las diferentes concentraciones de bisulfito y temperaturas de secado de la papa Yungay. Estos parámetros de calidad de papa se encuentran de acorde a la norma peruana NTP 011.119 ‘papa y sus derivados: papa, definiciones y requisitos’, lo que ofrece una alternativa eficiente al deshidratado de productos agrícolas.

Effect of Irrigation and Potash Levels on Keeping Quality of Potato

Irrigation and fertilizer are the most dominating factors, in deciding the keeping quality of potato. It is, therefore, essential to formulate the efficient, reliable and economically viable irrigation management strategy with the use of potassium nutrient in order to produce better keeping quality. The investigation comprising four levels of irrigation (25, 30, 35 and 40 mm CPE (Cumulative pan evaporation) and four levels of potash (0, 100, 125 and 150 kg/ha) was carried out at Research Farm of the Department of Vegetable Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, (Haryana) Hisar, India during two years to find out the optimum level of irrigation and potash for obtaining higher yield of potatoes with better keeping quality at ambient room temperature. The potato variety used for the investigation was Kufri Bahar. The treatments were laid out in a split plot design with three replications. The increasing levels of irrigation and potash showed significant improvement in keeping quality parameters of potato. Likewise, the values for physiological loss in weight and decay loss of potato tubers (%) at 15, 30, 45 and 60 days after harvest were the lowest with irrigation level 40 mm CPE and application of potash @ 150 kg/ha. The two years results suggest that the irrigation level 40 mm CPE along with potash @ 150 kg/ha has shown the best treatment combination for the storage of potato at ambient room temperature under semiarid conditions of Hisar (Haryana).

Response of potato to nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers at Assosa, western Ethiopia

AbstractLow soil fertility is one of the critical factors limiting the productivity of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) in western Ethiopia. The field experiment was conducted in the 2015 and 2016 cropping seasons to elucidate the response of potato yield, yield components, tuber quality to nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer, and their economic benefit. The treatment comprised five levels of nitrogen (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 kg N ha−1) and five levels of phosphorus (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 kg P2O5 ha−1). The experiment was laid out as a randomized complete block design in a factorial (5 × 5) arrangement and we replicated the treatments three times. The results revealed that the interaction of nitrogen and phosphorus did not affect growth, yield, and quality parameters of potato. However, nitrogen alone affected plant height, tuber number per plant, number of stems per hill, and marketable and total tuber yield, but not tuber quality parameters. The optimum yields of both marketable (25.5 Mg ha−1) and total (28.4 Mg ha−1) tuber yields were observed in the application of 150 kg N ha−1. Phosphorus treatments had no response for most of the yield, yield components, or tuber quality parameters. Applications of 150 kg N ha−1 provided a maximum gross margin ($5138.68 or 141,773.55 Ethiopian Birr [ETB] ha−1) with a 79.4% gross profit margin and the highest benefit‐cost ratio (4.86).

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Maturity indicators for prediction of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) quality during storage

Important factors for development of quality defects are the physical, physiological and chemical state of the tubers, which is also described as the maturity status of the crop. The use of maturity indicators as predictors of quality in potato tubers during and after storage was explored in cvs. Asterix and Saturna with three different maturity levels during three years (2010, 2012 and 2013). The maturity indicators measured 1–3 weeks before harvest and at harvest included haulm senescence (haulm maturity), skin set (physical maturity), dry matter content (physiological maturity) and contents of sucrose, glucose and fructose (chemical maturity). Potato quality parameters were measured three times during storage (December, February and April) and included dry matter content, sucrose, glucose and fructose contents, weight loss and fry colour. Cultivar and maturity level were included as categorical predictors in a linear regression model and contributed significantly (P<0.001) to the models predicting reducing sugars during storage. Dry matter, sucrose, glucose and fructose were included as continuous predictors in the linear regression models and contributed significantly (P<0.01) to the sucrose, glucose and fructose models and these models explained a high proportion of the variation (R2≥0.88). Skin set contributed significantly to the weight loss models (P<0.01) but the models showed low R2-values (R2<0.48). Sucrose contents contributed significantly (P=0.05) to the fry colour model for Asterix and the fry colour models for both Asterix and Saturna had R2-values of 0.50 and 0.51 respectively. This study provides new information about the influence of maturity on potato quality during storage and the potential of using field measurements of maturity as predictors of storage potential for processing potato cultivars Asterix and Saturna in Norway.

Effect of different mineral fertilization technologies on the size of starch granules in potato

The objective of the study was to assess the effect of soil fertilization with 280 and 420 kg NPK ha−1 as well as foliar application of the fertilizers Basfoliar 12-4-6, ADOB Mn and Solubor DF on quality parameters of potato which belonged to three classes of earliness: medium-early (cultivar Adam), medium-late (cv. Pasja Pomorska) and late one (cv. Ślęza). The scope of the research encompassed determinations of the content of starch and starch granulation, which were closely correlated with the potato cultivar and doses of mineral fertilizers applied to soil. An increase in the dose of the soil-applied fertilizer by 140 kg NPK ha−1, including 40 kg more of N ha−1, caused a decrease in the content of starch concurrently with a higher share of starch granules smaller than 20 µm in diameter. The analysed plant material contained mostly large starch granules of the diameter >40 µm. The foliar fertilizers did not have any significant effect on the examined parameters.

Effects of Leonardite Applications on Yield and Some Quality Parameters of Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.)

The present study was carried out at Suleyman Demirel University research farm in Isparta during2008 and 2009 crop seasons to determine the effects of leonardite (54.5% organic matter) on yield and quality of potato. Four leonardite doses (0, 200, 400, 600 kg ha-1) and four potato cultivars (Van Gogh, Milva, Lady Olympia, Agata) were used in the study. A total of seven traits (plant height, tuber number per plant, marketable tuber yield, total tuber yield, protein content, vitamin C content and specific gravity) were measured. Significant differences were detected between control and leonardite applications for all the traits studied. Statisticallysignificant differences were not found between the leonardite doses for plant height and specific gravity. There was no significant difference between 400 and 600 kg ha-1 leornardite application for tuber number per plant, marketable tuber and total tuber yield, protein and vitamin C contents. Leonardite applications increased number of tubers per plant by 22%, marketable tuber yield by 38% and total tuber yield by 15% compared with the control. These results suggest that 400 kg ha-1 leonardite combination to the standard fertilization will be sufficient to obtain adequate yield and quality tubers in potatoes

Correlations between quality parameters of potatoes during growth and long-term storage

The relationship between chip color, dry matter, sucrose, reducing sugars, ascorbic acid, protein, and storage temperature of commercially grown and stored Russet Burbank, Norchip, and Kennebec potatoes was investigated. Multiple correlation analysis of data, collected over a period of three years, demonstrated that while dry matter, reducing sugars, sucrose, and tuber weight were significant in determining chip color of freshly harvested potatoes, reducing sugars, tuber temperature, and sucrose were important in determining chip color of stored tubers. The relative importance of each parameter varied with the age of the tubers, year in which the potatoes were grown and stored, and cultivar. The multiple correlation coefficient among chip color, dry matter, sucrose, reducing sugars, and tuber weight was 0.901 for fresh Russet Burbank, 0.839 for fresh Norchip, 0.909 for fresh Kennebec, and 0.790 for the three cultivars combined. Similarly, the multiple correlation coefficient among chip color, reducing sugars, sucrose, and tuber temperature was 0.866 for stored Russet Burbank, 0.731 for stored Norchip, 0.914 for stored Kennebec and 0.790 for the combined stored material. Regression equations varied from cultivar to cultivar and from one season to another. This indicates that the quantitative relationship between the factors assayed was not sufficiently stable to serve as a general measure of prediction.