Quality Of Parent-child Communication Research Articles

Communication and Example of Parents as Mediators in The Relationship between Attachment and Students' Character Tolerance

In the last ten years there has been an increase in cases of intolerance in Indonesia. This illustrates the lack of strong character tolerance in perpetrators, most of whom are teenagers. This study aims to determine the relationship between children's attachment to parents and students' tolerance character by using parent-child communication and parental example in tolerance as mediator variables. The subjects of the study were 809 high school students in the city of Yogyakarta. This study uses a mixed methods approach, which is a mixture of quantitative and qualitative approaches with sequential explanatory design. The data collection method uses scales and interviews. As for quantitative data analysis techniques using GLM Mediated Analysis from Jamovi. From the results of the analysis can be concluded as follows: 1. There is a positive relationship between attachment to parents and students' tolerance character with parental example in tolerance as a mediator, 2. There is a positive relationship between attachment to parents and student tolerance character, but the mediator variable of parent-child communication quality cannot play a full role, 3. There is a significant positive relationship between attachment to parents and parental example in tolerant, 4. There is a significant positive relationship between parents' example in tolerance and students' tolerance character, 5. There was a significant positive relationship between child attachment to parents and parent-child communication, 6. There was no relationship between the quality of parent-child communication and the tolerance character of students, 7. There is a positive relationship between a child's attachment to parents and the student's tolerant character.

Results of a randomized controlled trial of a decision support intervention for disclosing maternal BRCA genetic test results to children and adolescents.

Evaluate the impact of a targeted family communication intervention for mothers undergoing genetic counseling and testing (GCT) for BRCA gene alterations. Following BRCA GCT, mothers (N = 204; M age = 45 y) were randomized to either a control condition (self-help print materials) or intervention (printed decision support guide, based on behavioral decision making theory in health care) for supporting choices about disclosing maternal genetic test results to children and adolescents. Behavioral assessments were administered prior to maternal GCT and after receipt of results: primary outcomes were maternal disclosure to children and parent-child communication quality. Mothers in the intervention were > 2x likely to disclose their BRCA test results to their children compared to those in the control condition (odds ratio [OR] = 2.33, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.06, 5.10; p = .04). This effect was moderated by children's ages: mothers of preteens (<13 y) assigned to the intervention were >3x likely to disclose their results (OR = 3.74, 95% CI = 1.49, 9.41; p = .005). In adjusted models, intervention was also associated with favorable changes in the quality of parent-child communication (95% CI = 0.30, 9.00; p < .05). Decision support improves parent-child communication outcomes about GCT for hereditary breast-ovarian cancer. This trial is among the first to empirically evaluate the outcomes of a behavioral intervention to support family communication of maternal BRCA risk information to children.

Parent-Child Communication About Educational Aspirations: Experiences of Adolescents in Rural China

The importance of parents in the transmission of educational aspirations to children is well-established. However, little is known about the quality of parent-child communication about educational aspirations and how this communication relates to children’s educational aspirations in socioeconomically disadvantaged families in rural China. In this study, we sought to gain insight into parent-child communication around educational aspirations from the perspective of Chinese rural adolescents. Twenty-three grade-9 students were recruited from middle schools in Songzi, a poor rural county in central China. Participants comprised 12 boys and 11 girls aged 14 to 16 years (M = 14.65 years, SD = 0.59). Students completed one-to-one qualitative interviews about parent-child communication and their educational aspirations in June 2020. Thematic analysis revealed that adolescents’ educational aspirations were strongly influenced by their parents’ beliefs and aspirations for them, with fulfilling parental aspirations and achieving economic success being important influences on rural adolescents’ educational aspirations. However, parent-child communication quality was undermined when parents had an authoritarian communication style and when parents were absent due to rural-urban migration, in which case adolescents reported stress and perceived lack of support in achieving their goals. In addition, mothers were viewed as playing a more vital role in communication than fathers. The implications of the findings for school and community-based interventions promoting rural parents’ ability to communicate effectively with their children about academic concerns are discussed.

The Role Of Sexuality Knowledge And Parent’s The Role Of Communication Quality In Introducing Sex Education To Adolescents

Deviant behavior is the result of an imperfect socialization process. The group most frequently encountered with deviant behavior is adolescents. One form of adolescent deviant behavior is free sex, free sex is free sex is a problem from the lack of sexuality education, so there can be some problems as a result of free sex behavior in adolescents in the short term. Objective: to conduct a literature review on the role of knowledge of sexuality and the quality of communication between parents and children in introducing free sex education to adolescents. Methods: Results: Based on the results of the articles collected and the analysis of writing, it was found that knowledge of sexuality and the quality of parent-child communication is an important role in introducing free sex education where parents are very important in shaping their children's attitudes

Parental influences on marijuana use in emerging adulthood.

The purpose of this study was to gain a clearer understanding of the relation between parental relationship qualities and overall emerging adulthood (EA) marijuana use processes. The present study drew from an ethnically and socioeconomially diverse sample of EAs (ages 19-22) and their parents (n = 470) from the Pacific Northwest region. This study used parent-report and child-report data to capture measures of parenting and EA marijuana use outcomes. Latent Class Growth Analysis (LCGA) was used to model trajectories of marijuana use and risk factor analyses were used to examine how marijuana group membership varied by covariates and parental relationship qualities. Results revealed that lower levels of family cohesion and quality of parent-child communication were more likely to predict membership in the high-using groups and moderate-decreasing user groups in comparison to low-to-non users. Results also indicated that lower levels of frequency of parent-child communication were more likely to predict membership in the high-users group compared to the low-to-non users. Regarding parent knowledge of marijuana use, trends toward congruence and underestimation of EA marijuana use predicted membership in the high-using and moderate-decreasing groups compared to the low-to-non users. Study results indicate EAs in their early 20s may be more likely to engage in healthy decision-making regarding marijuana use in an environment that includes warm, supportive parent-child relationships where parents are aware of their EAs use without focusing on their EA's perceptions of risk. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Talking About Sexting: Association Between Parental Factors and Quality of Communication About Sexting With Adolescent Children in Jewish and Arab Society in Israel

Sexting (sending and receiving sexual messages online), a legitimate means of communication if there is mutual consent, may put adolescent users at risk. Hence, parents must be able to address their children’s sexuality and be capable of mediating the implications of sexting for them. Cultural differences may play a role in this important discourse. The current study sought to identify parental factors that lead to low-quality communication about adolescent sexting in Jewish and Arab societies in Israel. Participants included 427 Israeli parents (Jewish N = 242, 56.7%, Arab N = 185, 43.3%) who answered seven online questionnaires. Results revealed ethnic differences between Arab and Jewish parents with regard to the quality of parent-child communication about sexting. Arab parents tended more toward low-quality communication about sexting than did Jewish parents. Perceived severity of sexting and perceived susceptibility to sexting led to more low-quality communication by Arab than by Jewish parents. Mothers in both societies were better able to mediate sexting and displayed higher parental efficacy than did the fathers. These findings provide useful insights for therapists and parents into the link between parental factors and the quality of communication about sexting with adolescent children.

Parent-child communication about emotions during SIBS: a joint intervention for siblings and parents of children with chronic disorders

Quality of parent-child communication is associated with adjustment in siblings of children with chronic disorders. SIBS is an intervention aiming to increase parental listening, exploring, and validating behaviors while talking with siblings about their experiences. We examined parent-sibling communication during SIBS by describing: 1) Sibling-selected dialogue topics; 2) Parental responses to siblings’ emotional expressions, and 3) Associations between responses and demographics and parental psychological distress. Forty dialogues (M duration = 23 minutes) between siblings (10–16 years; Mage = 12.2 years; 52.5% boys) and one parent (62.5% mothers) were coded with the Verona Coding System for Emotional Sequences. Parents mostly provided space for further disclosure of siblings’ experiences (M = 66.9%). In average, 41.9% of parental responses were exploring, 16.4% were listening, and 8.5% were validating. Few associations between parental responses and background variables were found. Parental validation should be given more focus in further development and implementation of the SIBS intervention.

Parental factors in internet and computer game addiction in adolescence: An overview

Parental factors in internet and computer game addiction in adolescence: An overview Abstract. Objective: Internet-related disorders (IRD) in adolescents and young adults are closely linked to family factors. However, few research and review articles include the family. To this end, N = 87 scientific papers were integrated into the literature review. Method: The present work gives an overview of parental factors that can be involved in the development, maintenance, and reduction of symptoms. Results: The literature provides clear connections between the parent-child relationship and IRD in adolescents and young adults. The quality of parent-child communication appears to be a promising approach for influencing IRD symptoms. There are indications that, at least for some families, encouraging the time spent together could be helpful. Regarding educational aspects, a distinction should be made between different areas. Parental knowledge and control of internet use seem to be protective factors. The effect of rules and restrictions, however, is unclear. Conclusions: To change IRD symptoms, it makes sense to improve the parent-child relationship. However, the ways to achieve that have hardly been explored. Recommendations regarding parenting strategies (e. g., rules and restrictions) should be formulated very carefully, as the effects are still unclear. The integration of parents in prevention and intervention efforts is advocated by many researchers, but there only individual studies have considered parents in the context of interventions.

Effect of time on quality of parent-child communication in pediatric cancer.

A diagnosis of childhood cancer results in new parent-child communication challenges. Little is known about how communication changes over time after diagnosis or relapse. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of time since diagnosis and relapse on quality of parent-child communication. We hypothesized that there would be a positive correlation between time and quality of parent-child communication. Cross-sectional study in children (7-17years) with relapsed/refractory cancer and their caregivers, who spoke English, were not cognitively impaired, and had internet access. Parents were recruited through Facebook ads. Parents and children completed the Parent-Adolescent Communication Scale (PACS), a 20-item measure of communication quality, with openness and problem subscales. Spearman's rho (rs ) coefficients assessed correlations between PACS scores and time since diagnosis/relapse. There was a statistically significant negative correlation between parent PACS scores and time since child's cancer diagnosis (rs =-0.21, p=.02), indicating a tendency for overall worsening communication as time since diagnosis increased. There was a positive correlation between the parent PACS problem scores and time since diagnosis (rs =+0.22, p=.01), indicating more problematic communication as time since diagnosis increased. Correlations of time since relapse and PACS scores were small and not statistically significant. Parent-child communication worsens over time following a child's cancer diagnosis with more communication problems, contrary to our hypothesis. Future studies are needed to evaluate intervention timing to best support parent-child communication beyond the new-diagnosis period.

Parent-child communication about sex and romantic feelings: does having older siblings make a difference?

Parental involvement in sex education and the quality of parent-child communication about romantic feelings appear to have a protective effect on adolescent sexual behaviours. However, little research has been conducted on the role played by birth order in the level of parental involvement in sex education. This is the first study seeking to address if the quality of parent-child communication about sex and romantic sentiments differs according to whether respondents have—or do not have—older siblings in Italy. Hypotheses concerning the role of sib-ship gender composition have been tested in order to explain potential intervening mechanisms. Data were drawn from the Sexual and Emotional Life of Youths survey (SELFY), a cross-sectional survey conducted in 2000 and in 2017 on Italian university students (N = 12,265). Our findings identify later-born children as the least likely to confide in parents. Although boys are generally less likely to talk to parents than girls, respondent gender does not moderate the effect of birth order. Instead, sib-ship gender composition plays a role: having grown up with at least one same-gender sibling is associated with a lower communication with parents about intimate matters. This study suggests that growing up with siblings, namely with same-gender siblings, make a difference in parent-child communication and this should be considered while evaluating the role of parental involvement in adolescent sexual education.

Modeling the dyadic effects of parenting, stress, and coping on parent-child communication in families tested for hereditary breast-ovarian cancer risk.

Genetic testing for BRCA genes, associated with hereditary breast-ovarian cancer risk, is an accepted cancer control strategy. BRCA genetic testing has both medical and psychosocial implications for individuals seeking testing and their family members. However, promoting open and adaptive communication about cancer risk in the family is challenging for parents of minor children. Using prospective data collected from mothers undergoing BRCA genetic testing and their untested co-parents (N=102 parenting dyads), we examined how maternal and co-parent characteristics independently and conjointly influenced the overall quality of parent-child communication with minor children. Statistical associations were tested in accordance with the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model. Significant Actor effects were observed among mothers, such that open parent-child communication prior to genetic testing was positively associated with open communication 6months following receipt of genetic test results; and among co-parents, more open parent-child communication at baseline and greater perceived quality of the parenting relationship were associated with more open parent-child communication at follow-up. Partner effects were also observed: co-parents' baseline communication and confidence in their ability to communicate with their minor children about genetic testing was positively associated with open maternal parent-child communication at follow-up. These results demonstrate that for families facing the prospect of cancer genetic testing, perceptions and behaviors of both members of child-rearing couples have important implications for the overall quality of communication with their minor children, including communication about cancer risk.

Long-term follow-up of cystic fibrosis newborn screening: Psychosocial functioning of adolescents and young adults

Long-term psychosocial outcomes of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients diagnosed through newborn screening remain unknown. This cross-sectional study compared three groups of youths (16 to 22 years): CF patients diagnosed through NBS (CF-NBS, n = 13), CF patients diagnosed through standard practice (CF-SP, n = 26) and healthy peers (H, n = 42), plus 72 of their parents. We hypothesized that adolescent psychological functioning would be mediated by parent depression and quality of parent-child communication and cohesiveness. A path analysis showed significantly more depression among CF-NBS group parents (p = .006-.008). Parent-child cohesiveness was related to communication (p < .001). Cohesiveness and communication were associated with youth Internalizing Problems (p = .037, p = .009), Emotional Symptoms (p = 0.018, p = 0.022), and Personal Adjustment (communication only, p = 0.009). Parent depression was related to youth Personal Adjustment (p = 0.022). CF patients report psychosocial function similar to healthy peers. Parents of children diagnosed with CF through NBS may be at risk for depressive symptoms when their children reach adolescence.

Caractéristiques de la communication parents-adolescentes sur la sexualité et le VIH à Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso

Adolescent females are a key target audience in the fight against sexually transmitted infections and HIV in sub-Saharan Africa. One issue is that families in Africa play a very limited role in sex education. The objective of this study was to examine parent-child communication from a qualitative perspective by exploring the characteristics and quality of parent-child communication. A cross-sectional study was conducted between April and September 2009 in Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso). The study included 40 parent-child pairs (50% of in-school children and 50% of out-of-school children). Individual interviews and focus groups were conducted. The data were analyzed using Stata version 9.1 (quantitative data) and QSR Nvivo 2.0 (qualitative data). The study found that 74% (14/19) of out-of-school children communicated with their parents, compared to just 45% of in-school children (p = 0.07). Mother-child communication was found to be the most common type of parent-child communication, with 59% (13/22) of families who communicated about sexuality and HIV preferring mother-child communication. Further research is needed to identify the factors determining better communication among out-of-school children.

Self-concept and Ego Development in Deaf Adolescents: A Comparative Study

Self-concept and ego development, two intertwined aspects of self-indicating well-being and social-cognitive maturation, respectively, were examined in a representative sample of deaf adolescents of normal intelligence (N = 68), using translated and adapted versions of Harter's (1988, Manual for the self-perception profile for adolescents. Denver, CO: University of Denver) multidimensional measure of self-concept and Loevinger's (1998, Technical foundations for measuring ego development. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum) measure of ego development. Compared to hearing norm groups, deaf adolescents showed lower levels of self-perceived social acceptance, close friendships and ego development and higher physical appearance. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses controlling for sociodemographic variables showed positive associations of global self-worth with support for signing during childhood and quality of parent-child communication and of ego development with attending a regular school. Cluster analysis identified three social competence profiles: uniformly low competence, uniformly high competence, and low social acceptance with high physical appearance. Cluster membership was associated with school type, ego development, and (past) neurological disorder. The results are discussed in reference to interventions aimed at the well-being of deaf youth.

Socially Anxious Children: An Observational Study of Parent-Child Interaction

ABSTRACT Differences in the rate and quality of parent-child communication in parents of socially anxious and normal children 9–12-years- old were examined. Socially anxious and control children were videotaped with their parents completing a puzzle task under three conditions, mother with child, father with child, and mother and father with child. Videotapes were coded for six types of verbalizations. Group differences were found in parents for frequency of total verbalizations, as well as frequency of types of verbalizations, with parents of anxious children using fewer total verbalizations, less positive feedback, and more negative feedback than control group parents. No difference was observed in the three observation conditions. Like their parents, socially anxious children engaged in fewer total verbalizations, and used more negative feedback and less positive feedback than control group children. Sequential analyses revealed that parents and children in the control group displayed similar patterns of communication in that they showed a strong tendency to mirror the quality of the other's verbalizations. Socially anxious children, like the control group children, tended to mirror the verbalizations of their parents. In contrast, parents of socially anxious children did not show the same similarities in responsiveness. Implications of the findings are discussed.

Healing Their Wounds: Psychotherapy with Holocaust Survivors and Their Families (review)

144 SHOFAR Healing Their Wounds: Psychotherapy with Holocaust Survivors and Their Families, edited by Paul Marcus and Alan Rosenberg. New York: Praeger, 1989. 304 pp. This edited book has something for just about anyone interested in the post-Holocaust lives of survivors and their children. In the first two chapters Kren and Steinberg provide a psychoanalytic framework for understanding the psychodynamics of survivors and present a review of the clinical literature on survivors and their children, respectively. Next Jucovy considers individual and family-oriented treatment approaches with suggestions about such procedural issues as minimizing resistance and the timing of interpretations. Focusing upon the children of Nazis, Kestenberg introduces the concept of transposition to explain how major historical events may be perpetuated across generations. She also presents an unsupported hypothesis that Jewish children may have become the displacement victims of Nazi-death wishes originally directed toward their own children. One of the best chapters in this book is the interview with Anna Ornstein (a psychiatrist and a survivor), conducted by Marcus and Rosenberg. Dr. Ornstein rejects the stigmatization of the entire survivor population and suggests that in the context of treatment, the survivor should not be treated differently from other patients so long as the therapist remains aware of countertransference possibilities. She is also more sanguine about the adaptive capacities of survivors, whereas Freyberg, in her chapter, focuses solely on the negative consequences of survival. Fogelman in her very useful discussion of the group psychotherapeutic process deals with such issues as types and quality of parent-child communication and Jewish identity. In their chapter on family therapy, Perel and Saul acknowledge that the clinical samples they discuss are not necessarily representative of the entire survivor population. Their discussion on treatment strategies to restructure "enmeshed" families derives from a "family systems theory" perspective. Two chapters written by rabbis make unique contributions to this book. In the first, Rabbi Skolnik provides guidelines for working with survivors within the synagogue environment. Not a survivor himself, Rabbi Skolnik felt at one with his survivor congregants when after describing his experiences visiting Auschwitz he broke down in tears. In the second Rabbi Cohen deals in a provocative way with post-Holocaust beliefs in God. How, in the face of genocide, may one continue to believe in the goodness of God? The editors contributed a chapter on the religious beliefs of survivors and Volume 10, No.2 Winter 1992 145 how they could playa role in treatment. They compared the responses to suffering among survivors who maintained their religious beliefs with those whose faith was diminished or lost. Also from a religious perspective, Rustow discusses the identity problems of Jewish children who were separated from their mothers during the war and spent the remaining war years in various Catholic institutions with changed names and obligations to participate in new religious rituals. Based upon their findings with the MMPI comparing traumatized families with controls who had emigrated to the United States before World War II, Almagor and Leon found that survivor MMPI profiles were within normal limits and no significant differences were found between children of survivors and controls. Most survivors are now apporaching old age, and it is therefore important to understand the relationships between the stressors of aging and previous Holocaust traumatization. Kahana, Harel, and Kahana address the methodological challenges confronting investigators who want to study the elderly survivor population. Their approach to this population is to understand the coping and adaptive strategies survivors used after losing entire families to the Holocaust. Because of the overlap in symptoms between survivors and controls, the authors caution against treating survivors as a homogeneous group. Furthermore, many of the survivors studied by these authors were able to find something positive in their past adversities to communicate to the rest of the world in the hope of preventing the occurrence of future atrocities. In his chapter on alternative treatment approaches with survivors, Krell challenges a number of potentially negative assumptions made about survivors: their use of denial, the uniform experience of guilt about having survived, and identification with the aggressor. Krell also takes issue with those who describe concentration camp inmates as having undergone "infantile regression" in the pathological sense...

Instruments to Measure Parent-Child Communication Regarding Pediatric Cancer

The development of two brief self-report measures for assessing parent-child communication specific to pediatric cancer is reported The instruments assess the quality of parent-child communication with their ill child and the sibling of the ill child The measures have good internal consistency and are significantly related to the overall level of healthy sibling adjustment.

The Evaluation of an Integrated Parent-Training Program

Summary The majority of current parent-training programs tend to accentuate unique and occasionally divergent aspects, based on different therapeutic orientations. The goal of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a parent-training program integrating different theoretical perspectives. Both experimental and control groups, 26 mothers and 26 children, were subjected to pre- and posttesting. The following variables were included in the experimental design: mothers: personality (self-actualization) and interpersonal sensitivity; children (aged between 8 and 12 years): personality (needs structure), as well as the experience of their mothers' interpersonal sensitivity. The parent-training program was found to be effective in the promotion of interpersonal sensitivity, the quality of parent-child communication, as well as certain aspects of self-actualization in the mother. No significant change occurred with regard to the children's needs structure.