Diabetes Quality Of Life Research Articles

Effect of Insulin Pen Training Using the Teach-Back Method on Diabetes Self-Management, Quality of Life, and HbA1c Levels in Older Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Quasi-Experimental Study.

The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of insulin pen training using the Teach-Back method in older patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) on their self-management of insulin treatment, quality of life (QoL), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. Participants included 25 patients in the intervention group, with a mean age of 80.76 ± 6.132 years, and 24 patients in the control group, with a mean age of 81.29 ± 4.920 years. All participants were older people who had previously been diagnosed with T2D, had been using insulin for at least 6 months, and lived in rural areas. Teach-Back pen training was provided to the intervention group, while general diabetes education was provided to the control group. One-way variance analysis, paired-samples t-test and independent sample t-test were used. The self-management of insulin treatment, QoL and HbA1c levels were determined before training and after 3 months. The study was conducted between December 2022 and April 2023. A significant difference was found in the mean scale scores between the intervention group and control group after training. The mean self-management of insulin treatment and QoL scale scores of the intervention group were significantly higher than those of the control group after training. The post-training HbA1c levels in the intervention group were lower than the pre-training levels. Teach-Back training improved diabetes self-management and QoL and decreased HbA1c levels in older patients with T2D living in a rural community.

PENERAPAN EDUCATION AND SUPPORT GROUP TERHADAP KUALITAS HIDUP PASIEN DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2 DI WILAYAH PUSKESMAS DARUL AZHAR

In Indonesia and the world, it is predicted that the number of diabetes mellitus sufferers will increase every year. Patients with diabetes mellitus not only have physical problems but also psychological problems, this is because the complications that arise, both acute and chronic, cause changes in the sufferer's quality of life. Various approaches have been taken to overcome this problem, one of which is by providing education and support groups. This research uses a pre-experimental design with a pre-post-test one-group design approach. This research was conducted in 4 meetings over 1 month with a sample size of 27 people suffering from type II diabetes mellitus. Sample selection used a purposive sampling technique. The instruments used were the Diabetes Quality of Life (DQOL) questionnaire and the education and support group module. The analysis used uses an alternative test, namely the Wilcoxon test. The research results showed that the p-value was 0.000 <0.05, so H0 was rejected and H1 was accepted. The conclusion from the results of this research is that there is an influence of education and support groups on the quality of life of type II diabetes mellitus patients.

Development and validation of a new questionnaire for the assessment of patients with diabetic foot disease: The Diabetic Foot Questionnaire (DiaFootQ)

BackgroundThe epidemiology data and global burden of diabetic foot disease underscores the need for effective prevention strategies, which requires an early diagnosis. Patient-reported outcome measures are instruments based on a simple format, which favours their application. Currently, there is an absence of instruments with a broad enough scope to capture the diverse aspects involved in diabetic foot disease. ObjectivesTo develop a questionnaire for the assessment of patients with diabetic foot disease and carry out an analysis of its validity and reliability. MethodsThe study was developed in two stages. Stage 1: the Delphi Panel was composed of 22 experts. The questionnaire is made up of 25 questions selected, after three rounds, from an initial sample of 68 questions. Stage 2: A validation study was performed. With a sample of 273 subjects, an exploratory factor analysis and an analysis of internal consistency, items response, and validity were carried out using the Diabetes Quality of Life, SF-12v2, Foot Function Index and EuroQol EQ5D questionnaires. Measurements of error and sensitivity to change were also analyzed. ResultsA 25-item questionnaire (DiaFootQ) was developed. It comprised two dimensions: 1) lifestyle and function; and 2) footwear and foot self-care. Sample (n=273) mean age was 69.77 years (±11.08). The internal consistency of DiafootQ was α=0.916, and item response values were ICC=0.862–0.998. External validity correlation levels ranged from r=0.386 to r=0.888. ConclusionDiaFootQ was developed. Integrating the main aspects involved in diabetic foot disease could help to detect more accurately the risk or severity of these patients. DiaFootQ is a well-structured, valid, and reliable tool whose use should be promoted in clinical and research settings.

Impact of a therapeutic educational intervention using a gamification method aimed at adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

ntroduction : Autoimmune type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases in the paediatric age group. Gamification in diabetes education may have the potential to change health behaviours by creating an innovative, engaging and interactive learning environment. Material and methods : A 6-month prospective quasiexperimental pilot study aimed at evaluating the impact of a gamified educational intervention (own kahoot ®, face-to-face, in 2 sessions, with immediate feedback) on diabetes knowledge, metabolic control and quality of life of adolescents with T1D. Variables recorded : knowledge using the Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire Test (DKQ2) and own Diabethoc questionnaire, metabolic control parameters through glycosylated haemoglobin, main parameters established according to the recommendations of the Advanced Technologies & Treatments for Diabetes (for sensor use >70%) and quality of life in diabetes with the PedsQL test. Results : Twenty-one patients (61.9% boys) with a mean age of 13.8±0.81SD years on multi-dose insulin therapy 71.4% (n=15) and the insulin pump 28.6% (n=6) were included. Assessment by DKQ2 showed a 38.7% increase in knowledge post-intervention. The Diabet-hoc test showed an increase of 65.3% throughout the study. Changes in metabolic control and the quality-of-life test were not statistically significant. Conclusions : Our tool demonstrated an improvement in diabetes knowledge maintained at 6 months after the study

Relationship between diabetes health literacy, distress, burnout, social support, complications, self-care behaviors, and quality of life among patients with type 2 diabetes: a path analysis study

IntroductionImproving the quality of life (QOL) is the most important goal of early diagnosis and treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Numerous studies have indicated the positive effects of health literacy, social support and self-care behaviors and the negative effects of diabetes distress and burnout on the QOL of patients with T2D. Understanding these factors is crucial for people with diabetes. However, no study has investigated the simultaneous effects of these variables on QOL. In this study, our goals were to find out how these variables are related to each other, in addition, which variables play the role of mediating variables, and finally, what is the cumulative effect of these variables in predicting the QOL of patients with T2D. So, this study aimed to examine the relationship between diabetes health literacy (DHL), distress, burnout, social support, complications of diabetes, self-care behaviors, and QOL among patients with T2D by application Path analysis method.MethodsIn this study 929 participants were entered to study by cluster sampling method and finally, data were analyzed among 820 participants. Data were gathered by self-report and with seven tools of Demographic section, DHL Scale, Diabetes distress scale, Diabetes Burnout scale, Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ), Perceived social support, Diabetes Quality of Life (DQOL) Questionnaire. The software’s of SPSS version 24 and AMOS version 24 were used for analysis.ResultsThe variables of DHL, social support, diabetes distress, and complications of diabetes predicted 38% variance in diabetes burnout (R2 = 0.38). Greatest impact on diabetes burnout was related to diabetes distress (estimate total effect = 0.539). The variables of DHL, social support, diabetes distress, complications of diabetes, and diabetes burnout predicted 24% variance in self- care behaviors (R2 = 0.24). Greatest impact on self- care behaviors was related to DHL (estimate total effect = 0.354). The variables of DHL, social support, diabetes distress, diabetes burnout, complications of diabetes, and self- care behaviors predicted 49% variance in DQOL (R2 = 0.49). Greatest impact on DQOL was related to variables of diabetes distress (estimate total effect = -0.613), DHL (estimate total effect = 0.225), diabetes burnout (estimate total effect = -0.202), complications of diabetes (estimate total effect = − 0.173), social support (estimate total effect = 0.149), and self -care (estimate total effect = 0.149), respectively.ConclusionTo improve QOL in patients with T2D, health care providers must develop interventions that increase DHL of diabetic. Because DHL can decrease distress and burnout, enhance self -care skills, create supportive networks, and ultimately improve QOL in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Influence of socioeconomic factors on glycemic control, therapeutic adherence and quality of life in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes

ObjectiveTo stablish the relationship between socioeconomic status of a cohort of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) with glycemic control, therapeutic adherence and diabetes quality of life (DQoL). Patients y methodsA cross-sectional, observational study with consecutive inclusion was carried out. Participants aged 8–18 years with T1D duration >1 year. Data on family structure, family income, parents’ educational level and parental role on primary diabetes care supervision were registered. Adherence (DMQ-Sp) and DQoL (PedsQl) were analyzed. Linear and logistic regression models adjusted for demographics, family structure and parental role on primary diabetes care responsibility were applied. ResultsA total of 323 patients (T1D duration 5,3 ± 3,3 years; HbA1c 7,7 ± 1,0%; age 13,3 ± 2,8 years; 49,8% females) were included. Patients living in a nuclear family and those whose main diabetes care supervision was shared by both parents showed lower HbA1c [adjusted for demographics and family structure (7,06; CI 95% 6,52–7,59); adjusted for demographics and role on primary diabetes care supervision (7,43; CI 95% 6,57–8,28)]. DMQ-Sp score (adjusted for demographics and role on main supervision) was higher in patients whose parents shared the diabetes care supervision (84,56; CI 95% 73,93–95,19). Parents sharing diabetes care supervision showed a significantly higher PedsQl score (both 74,63 ± 12,70 vs mother 68,53 ± 14,59; p = 0,001). ConclusionsChildren and adolescents with T1D had lower HbA1c, better therapeutic adherence and better DQoL when lived in a nuclear family, with higher socioeconomic status and the responsibility for supervising diabetes care was shared by both parents.

Quality of life, diabetes-related stress and treatment satisfaction are correlated with glycemia risk index (GRI), time in range and hypoglycemia/hyperglycemia components in type 1 diabetes

IntroductionTo evaluate the relationship between the GRI -component of hypoglycemia (CHypo) and hyperglycemia (CHyper)- with diabetes quality of life (DQoL), diabetes-related stress (DDS), perception of hypoglycemia (Clarke Test), visual analogic scale (VAS) and diabetes-knowledge (DKQ2) in T1D.MethodsCross-sectional study in 92 patients with T1D under intensive insulin treatment (21.7% CSII) and flash glucose monitoring (isCGM). Clinical, metabolic and glycometric parameters and quality of life/satisfaction questionnaires were analyzed.Results92 patients (54.3% male, BMI 25.4 ± 4.5 kg/m2, HbA1c 7.5 ± 1.0%, TIR 53.9 ± 15.9%) with mean age 36.1 ± 12.6years and 17.8 ± 11.3 T1D duration. The mean GRI was 60.6 ± 22.2 with a CHypo and CHyper of 5.9 ± 4.8 and 27.3 ± 14.4, respectively. 19.1% presented a pathological Clarke’s test. Patients with TIR > 70% and GRI < 40 showed better VAS (8.8 ± 1.3 vs 9.3 ± 0.9, p < 0.05) and DDS (46.4 ± 22.1 vs 36.7 ± 16.6, p < 0.05) scores, showing no differences between groups. CHyper > 15 and Chypo > 3.4 were related to worse levels of DQoL (91.1 ± 23.9 vs 76.6 ± 18.6 and 94.6 ± 24.8 vs 79.8 ± 20.1, p < 0.01), DDS(49.8 ± 22.4 vs 35.7 ± 16.5 and 49.8 ± 22.4 vs 35.7 ± 16.5, p < 0.01),and DKQ2 (24.4 ± 4.3 vs 26.8 ± 5.2 and 24.1 ± 4.8 vs 26.0 ± 4.6, p < 0.05), respectively. Worse metabolic control defined by GRI correlated with worse scores in VAS (r = −0.209, p < 0.05), DQoL (r = 0.205, p < 0.05), and DDS (r = 0.205, p < 0.05). No difference was observed in knowledge´s scale. CHyper correlated with worse scores in VAS (r = −0.231, p < 0.05), DQoL (r = 0.422, p < 0.01), and DDS (r = 0.341, p < 0.01) and lower degree of knowledge DKQ2 (r = −0.231, p < 0.05). When analyzing DQoL as a dependent variable in a multiple lineal regression, only age (β = 0.747; p < 0.001) and CHyper (β = 0.717; p < 0.001) maintained statistical significance.ConclusionsHigher GRI was related to worse quality of life, diabetes-related stress and satisfaction with treatment, analogous to the TIR results.CHyper an Chypo were related to a greater decline in quality of life, diabetes-related stress, and lower satisfaction with treatment.However, in a multiple linear regression, only CHyper maintained statistical significance.

Diabetic self-care practice and quality of life among diabetes patients in the Hail region of Saudi Arabia

Purpose: To determine the association between type 2 diabetic patients' adherence to self-care routines, medication use, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Methods: This analytical and cross-sectional study was conducted in Hail Region of Saudi Arabia. The sample population comprised 400 men and women diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, all above the age of 18 years. A modified Euro QoL-five-dimensional (EQ-5D) health questionnaire was utilized to evaluate self-care habits and their association with health-related quality of life. Results: Participants' mean age ± standard deviation (SD) was 53 ± 9.4 years, with 50.5 % being female. Non-adherence rates measured were 32.7 % for foot care, smoking (28.2 %), diet (28 %), insulin usage (26.2 %), exercise (23.2 %), and blood sugar monitoring (15.2 %). Mobility challenges were reported in 14.2 % of cases, 26.2 % self-care, 28.2 % everyday activities, 48.2 % pain or discomfort, and 28.2 % anxiety or depression. Significant associations occurred between poor foot care and mobility difficulties (58.2 %), impairment in everyday activities (53.7 %), and experiencing pain and discomfort (63.9 %) with p-values of 0.002, 0.003, and 0.03, respectively. Likewise, significant correlations (p &lt; 0.05) exist between self-care (47.5 %), pain/discomfort (58.7 %), anxiety/depression (31.1 %), and non-adherence to exercise. Regression analysis indicated a positive correlation between respondents' EQ-5D index and oral hypoglycemic agent non-adherence (R2 = 0.25; p = 0.001). A significant relationship exists between EQ-5D index and smoking non-adherence after normalization (p = 0.003; 95 % CI: 0.0001 to 0.0001). Conclusion: In Hail region of Saudi Arabia, the health-related quality of life for diabetics diminishes as self-care practices are neglected.

Treatment Adherence and Quality of Life Among Elderly Patients With Diabetes Mellitus Registered in the Community.

Background This study investigates the association between medication adherence and health-related quality of life among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus at the Health Center of Tyrnavos community level. Materials and methods This cross-sectional study involved 125 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, aged 60 years and older, who were visiting community healthcare facilities. The research was conducted with a structured questionnaire that included 34 questions related to socio-demographic data, self-reported compliance, and stress. The DQOL-BCI (Diabetes Quality of Life - Brief Clinical Inventory) scale was used to measure health-related quality of life. Results A total of 125 patients with a mean (SD) age of 69.2 (8.1) years were included in the study (64 women and 61 men). Based on the results of the descriptive analysis, 88.0% reported high medication adherence. However, 66% of the participants reported having high anxiety levels, with 33.6% having difficulty controlling their anxiety. Quality of life was negatively correlated with lower medication adherence (P < 0.05). Conclusions Older age and low medication adherence are associated with lower quality of life among diabetic patients. Interventions to improve the quality of life in elderly diabetic patients should consider the effect of age and medication adherence.

Analysis of Therapy Satisfaction on the Quality-of-Life of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients at Anutapura Hospital Palu

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (Type 2 DM) is a chronic disease characterized by increased blood glucose levels caused by impaired insulin function. In Palu City, Type 2 DM is the 2nd most common in Central Sulawesi with a total of 26,204 people. Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between therapy satisfaction and the quality of life of Type 2 DM patients who perform outpatient treatment at Anutapura General Hospital, Palu. Methods: With a random sample approach, 100 respondents were used in this cross-sectional study that employed an observational method. Data collection used instruments in the form of a DMSAT (Diabetes Medication Satisfaction Tool) therapy satisfaction questionnaire and a DQOL (Diabetes Quality Of Life) quality of life questionnaire. Results: The results of the study were obtained on therapy satisfaction from Type 2 DM patients with the number of respondents in the very satisfied (1.0%), satisfied (90.0%), and quite satisfied (9.0%) categories while the results of the study of the quality of life of Type 2 DM patients 2 fall into the good category (38.0%), and the bad category (62.0%). The statistical analysis test used was the Spearman Rank Correlation test. The results of the Spearman Rank Correlation test value p = 0.037 or p &lt;α (0.05), then H0 is rejected, which means that there is a relationship between satisfaction with therapy and quality of life in patients with Type 2 DM which is very weak. Conclusion: The conclusion in this study is that there is a very weak relationship between therapy satisfaction and quality of life of patients.

Associations of Sleep Quality and Physical Activity with Diabetes Quality of Life in Korean Americans with Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study.

The cross-sectional study aimed to examine the associations of sleep quality and physical activity with diabetes quality of life in Korean Americans with type 2 diabetes. A total of 119 Korean American adults with type 2 diabetes were recruited from Korean communities in Arizona, USA. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index for sleep quality, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire for physical activity, and the Diabetes Quality of Life (DQOL) for quality of life were assessed. Descriptive statistics, bivariate correlations, and multiple linear regressions were conducted. The mean score of the total DQOL was 1.85 (SD = 0.28). Approximately 70% of those had poor sleep quality and a third showed low physical activity. The findings demonstrated that both sleep quality and low physical activity were independent predictors of overall DQOL scores, indicating that poor sleep quality and low physical activity are associated with reduced Diabetes Quality of Life in this demographic. Specifically, the satisfaction subscale of DQOL showed significant associations with low physical activity levels, suggesting that enhancing physical activity could potentially improve satisfaction within DQOL. Furthermore, the impact subscale was positively related to sleep quality, suggesting that better sleep quality might significantly lower the perceived negative impact of diabetes on daily life. No significant associations were found between sleep quality, physical activity, and the worry subscale of DQOL in the adjusted models. The study indicates that addressing sleep quality and promoting physical activity are essential components of diabetes management strategies aimed at improving the quality of life for Korean Americans with type 2 diabetes. This underlines the need for tailored interventions that consider cultural preferences and individual needs to enhance diabetes outcomes and quality of life in this population.

The best internal structure of the Diabetes Quality of Life Measure (DQOL) in Brazilian patients

BackgroundDiabetes Mellitus (DM) is considered a chronic disease with numerous secondary complications that negatively affect the quality of life of patients. However, the specific, known and validated instruments for Brazilian Portuguese are too extensive, which often makes their use infeasible.ObjectiveTo validate the internal structure of the Brazilian version of the Diabetes Quality of Life (DQOL) measure.MethodologyPatients with DM type 1 or 2, between the ages of 18 and 76, were evaluated between April 2022 and May 2022. The survey was conducted online using the Google Forms platform. The original DQOL contains 46 multiple-choice questions organized into four domains. For structural validity, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed using RStudio software (Boston, MA, USA) with the packages lavaan and semPlot.ResultsA total of 354 subjects were evaluated. The 3-domain, 24-item version of the DQOL was the most adequate, with acceptable values for all fit indices (chi-square/GL < 3, TLI and CFI > 0.90, and RMSEA and SRMR < 0.08).ConclusionThe structure with three domains and 24 items is the most appropriate based on factor analysis. The Brazilian version of the DQOL with a structure of 3 domains and 24 items has adequate measurement properties that support its use in the clinical and scientific context in patients with DM.

Diabetes quality of life, Chemical Intolerance, and generational status in a Latino sample: an RRNeT study

ObjectivesThe impact of diabetes on quality of life (QoL) includes deficits in physical functioning and emotional and mental health. Individuals with diabetes can experience significant distress related to diabetes management and burden. Comorbid conditions can contribute to QoL among individuals with diabetes. Chemical Intolerance (CI) has received minimal attention in the context of diabetes. CI is characterized by multi-systemic symptoms initiated by a one-time high dose or persistent low-dose exposure to environmental toxins. Latinos experience diabetes distress and are exposed to environmental factors at disproportionate rates. This study sought to investigate generational differences in diabetes QoL and CI in a Latino sample across generational status.MethodsTo assess the modifying effect of CI between QoL and generations, the analysis was stratified by those with and without CI.ResultsCompared to 2nd generation Latinos, Latino immigrants were more likely to indicate that without diabetes, their life would be better across several QoL domains. Latino immigrants had a lower A1C and BMI than2nd generation Latinos. Additionally, they were less likely to have scores indicative of CI than U.S.-born Latinos. QoL varied by generational status and suggested a greater emphasis on family and social relationships among immigrants than U.S.-born Latinos. There were no differences in health services measures across generations.ConclusionsThis study highlights generational differences in the impact of diabetes on QoL. It is one of the few studies to seek to understand the impact of CI on QoL in the context of a chronic condition such as type 2 diabetes.

Analysis of Spiritual Well Being on the Quality of Life of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in Tambun Health Center Area

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that cannot be completely cured which affects Diabetes Quality of Life (DQoL). Spirituality is an element that can affect quality of life, especially in patients with diabetes mellitus. This study aims to analyze spiritual well being on the quality of life of patients with diabetes mellitus. This research is correlational with a cross sectional approach. Respondents in this study amounted to 38 respondents who were taken by accidental sampling technique. The research instruments used were the Spiritual Well Being (SWB) and DQoL questionnaires. The results of this study indicate that there is a relationship between spiritual well being and the quality of life of patients with diabetes mellitus in the Tambun Health Center area. Thus, the higher the spiritual well being value of diabetes mellitus patients, the better the patient's quality of life.

Quality of life, stress, anxiety and depression and associated factors among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Western region Saudi Arabia.

The objective of this study is to evaluate the quality of life (QoL), depression, anxiety, and stress, along with associated factors among individuals with diabetes in Saudi Arabia. This survey was conducted at King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The assessment of depression, anxiety, and stress related to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) was conducted using the DASS-21 questionnaire, while diabetes-related QoL was evaluated using the revised version of the diabetes QoL questionnaire (RV-DQoL13). Data were analyzed using SPSS-26. A total of 251 subjects were included in the study (165 [65.7%] males and 86 [34.3%] females, mean age 50.1 ± 14.5 years). The individuals with DM had a mean value of QoL of 29.16 ± 9.23, with 46.9% having poor QoL. Furthermore, in dimensions of QoL, almost half of the individuals reported high worry about the disease (49.6%), followed by a high diabetes impact (46.6%) and low life satisfaction (42.9%). The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was 49.4, 71.7, and 49.8%, respectively. A significant correlation was found between depression, anxiety, and stress and DASS-21 scores with QoL (p < 0.001). The regression analysis indicated an association of distinct factors with QoL like age above 41 years (p = 0.004), being married (p < 0.001), being divorced (p = 0.04), higher education (p = 0.007), regular medicine intake (p = 0.01), regular exercise (p = 0.03), lipid profile (p = 0.01), HbA1c (p < 0.001), and DASS-21 scores (p < 0.001). Poor QoL score (TQoL score > 27) was significantly associated with depression, anxiety, and stress (p < 0.001). The participants with higher monthly income, shorter disease duration, regular medicine use, and altered lipid profile, and older subjects had a lower chance of depression, anxiety, and stress. Approximately half of individuals with T2DM experienced poor QoL, while the prevalence rates for depression, anxiety, and stress were 49.4, 71.7, and 49.8%, respectively. Scores in the domains of impact, worry, and satisfaction were below optimal levels. Several factors were linked to QoL and depression, anxiety, and stress, and an association was observed between DASS-21 scores and QoL.

Depression literacy, mental health literacy, and their relationship with psychological status and quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

This study was conducted to measure depression literacy (D-Lit) and mental health literacy (MHL) and to investigate their relationship with psychological status and quality of life among Iranian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2021 among 400 patients with T2DM in Iran. Samples were selected using proportional stratified sampling. Data collection tools comprised a demographic questionnaire, measures of MHL and D-Lit, the diabetes quality of life (DQOL) scale, and the DASS-21. After confirming the normality of the data using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, parametric statistical tests (such as one-way ANOVA, independent samples t-test, and Chi-Square) were used to investigate the relationship between the variables using SPSS v22 software. The results of continuous quantitative data are reported in the form of means and standard deviations, and qualitative data are reported in the form of absolute and relative frequencies. In this study, 10.25% of the participants (n = 41) had severe depression, while 36.75% (n = 147) experienced severe anxiety. The mean (standard deviation) of MHL was 80.92 (9.16) from 130 points. Of the participants, only 1.7% (n = 7) did not answer any questions correctly on the D-lit scale, and only 5.8% (n = 23) were able to answer 15 questions or more correctly on the D-lit. MHL had a significant negative correlation with depression (r = -0.236), anxiety (r = -0.243), and stress (r = -0.155) (P < 0.001). There was a positive and significant correlation between MHL and D-Lit (r = 0.186) (P < 0.001). D-Lit had a significant negative correlation with depression (r = -0.192), anxiety (r = -0.238), and stress (r = -0.156) (P < 0.001). There was a positive and significant correlation between the ability to recognize disorders (r = 0.163), knowledge of self-treatment (r = 0.154), and DQOL (P < 0.001). Depression (r = -0.251), anxiety (r = -0.257), and stress (r = -0.203) had a significant negative correlation with DQOL (P < 0.001). MHL and D-Lit levels were found to be inadequate in patients with T2DM. These low levels of MHL and D-Lit among patients with T2DM were associated with higher levels of anxiety, depression, and stress, as well as a lower quality of life. Therefore, designing and implementing preventive programs to improve the mental health of patients with T2DM can help prevent mental disorders and ultimately improve their quality of life.

Errors in diabetic insulin therapy and the vitality of proper precautions in Bangladesh: Real-life insights from the developing world.

Insulin therapy errors can have life-threatening consequences in patients with diabetes. Given the increasing prevalence of diabetes and insulin therapy in Bangladesh, it is crucial to identify and prevent these errors. This study uses case-based clinical experiences to thematically analyze insulin therapy errors and propose preventive measures. The study aims to provide valuable insights into the challenges faced in managing insulin therapy in a developing country setting and the importance of involving various stakeholders. This is a qualitative research that used a case study approach to identify and analyze errors in insulin therapy in diabetic patients who had experienced adverse clinical consequences. The cases were thematically analyzed to generate insights into current global health problems resulting from erroneous insulin therapy. The two case studies highlight potential risks of errors in insulin therapy, including poor glycemic control, complications, and death. The analysis also highlights the importance of careful monitoring, checks, and communication among health-care providers, patients, and pharmacists to prevent such errors. In addition, it emphasizes the need for education and awareness among patients and health-care providers to ensure safe and effective insulin therapy. Accurate insulin therapy is crucial for diabetes management and preventing adverse outcomes. Identified themes emphasize improved communication, education, and monitoring to minimize therapy errors. Insights from this study can inform policies and practices for better patient outcomes. Further research can identify the root causes and develop interventions to prevent errors, leading to improved quality of life for diabetics.

Family Coping Strategies and Quality of Life of Patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus in Primary Health Care in Indonesia

Background: The intricate caregiving responsibilities undertaken by family caregivers in the care of patients with chronic diseases induce stress, potentially reducing the family’s ability to provide effective care. In instances where family caregivers of patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are unable to employ effective coping mechanisms, there exists the potential for an adverse impact on the patient’s quality of life. Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between family coping strategies and the quality of life of patients with T2DM undergoing treatment in primary health care in Malang, Indonesia. Additionally, it sought to investigate the influence of demographic factors on both family coping strategies and the quality of life of these patients.Methods: The study employed an observational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. The participants included 327 individuals with T2DM and 327 family caregivers, selected from 16 primary healthcare centers using cluster random sampling techniques. Data were collected using the COPE Brief questionnaire to assess coping strategies and the DQOL (Diabetes Quality of Life) questionnaire to measure the quality of life. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Spearman rank test and multivariable logistic regression. Results: The findings of the study revealed that a majority of family caregivers employed adaptive coping strategies (93.9%), while a significant proportion of individuals with T2DM reported having a good quality of life (84.1%). The analysis demonstrated a positive relationship between family coping strategies and the quality of life among T2DM patients. Specifically, better family coping strategy was associated with higher quality of life in T2DM patients (p=0.000; r=0.447; α=0.05). Also, a comprehensive demographic analysis revealed that education significantly influences both the variables of family coping strategies and patient quality of life, with odds ratios of 1.284 and 1.561, respectively.Conclusion: The research findings emphasize the mutual influence between family coping strategies and quality of life of T2DM patients. Nurses should prioritize attention to demographic factors such as education, age, gender, and duration of diabetes to enhance family coping strategies and improve the patients’ quality of life.

The risk of causing diabetes mellitus in the adult to elderly age group

Introduction: Indonesia is the fifth country with the highest number of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) sufferers in the world and is expected to reach 28.57 million in 2045. Diabetes Mellitus is a non-communicable disease that can affect anyone where knowledge, lifestyle and quality of life contribute to its incidence. the severity of the effects of the disease. The research objective was to determine knowledge, lifestyle, and quality of life of DM sufferers in rural areas. Methods: The design of this research is descriptive research. The sample of this study were 85 DM sufferers who were obtained using the technique purpossive sampling. Retrieval of data using Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire (DKQ-24), Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ), and WHOQOL-BREF. Results: The results of this study indicate that the respondents' knowledge about diabetes mellitus is good (89.4%), the lifestyle of people with diabetes mellitus is good (87.1%), and the quality of life of people with diabetes mellitus is good (92.9%). Conclusions: This shows the knowledge, lifestyle and quality of life in diabetics is quite good. Based on the results of the study it was concluded that the knowledge, lifestyle and quality of life of DM sufferers were in the good category.

Diabetes-related distress and quality of life among people with type 2 diabetes at primary care level in Brazil.

Living with diabetes can be challenging, particularly when it comes to dealing with psychological distress and requiring self-care directives. Patients may feel frustrated, angry, overwhelmed, and discouraged. This study aimed to investigate the diabetes-related distress and quality of life among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A cross-sectional study carried out at the Clinical Research Centre at the University of Campinas, Brazil, between September 2020 and April 2021. Patients answered data regarding demographic and clinical variables, the Brazilian version of the Diabetes Distress Scale and the Diabetes Quality of Life (QOL) Measure by telephone contact. The data were managed using the RedCap System. For statistical analysis of the data, the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were applied for comparisons, and the Chi-square test for associations. The correlations were evaluated using the Spearman correlation coefficient. Out of the 302 participants we recruited, 50.33% exhibited significant diabetes-related distress. Those with elevated diabetes-related distress scores had shorter education levels (p < 0.05), lower HbA1c levels (p < 0.05), and lower total scores in Diabetes QOL Measure (p < 0.0001), particularly in the QOL impact (p < 0.0001), social/vocational worry (p < 0.05), and diabetes worry (p < 0.0001) subscales compared to the group with the lowest diabetes-related distress. Elevated diabetes-related stress scores significantly affect patients' QOL. Therefore, early screening of individuals at risk for this condition, using well-coordinated protocols, could mitigate adverse QOL effects and enhance their overall experience during disease management.