Quality Of Life Enjoyment And Satisfaction Questionnaire Research Articles

Burnout, mental resilience and quality of life in Greek professionals of public and private sector: Which is the impact of demographic, occupational and psychological variables?

The research investigated the relationship between burnout syndrome and the variables of mental resilience, quality, and enjoyment of life in Greek private and public sector workers (N = 112), with demographic differences. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire that was distributed in the form of an electronic Microsoft form. The questionnaire contained demographic questions, the psychometric tool Burnout Assessment Tool version 2.0, the psychometric tool Brief Resilience Scale (BRS), and the psychometric tool Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q), which were used to measure the three variables examined by the research. For statistical analysis, linear regression analysis was used to find independent factors. The main research hypothesis was verified, finding a negative correlation between burnout and the variables of mental resilience and quality of life, while it was identified that employees experienced greater exhaustion and spiritual withdrawal compared to freelancers. Hypotheses regarding age, educational level, and public-private job data were not verified as there were no statistically significant differences in demographic results.

Investigating the effectiveness of incorporating a stepped care approach into electronically delivered CBT for depression

IntroductionDepression is a leading cause of disability, annually affecting up to 300 million people worldwide, yet fewer than one third of patients receive care. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for depression, but there are barriers to access therapy. Electronic CBT (e-CBT) can address these barriers, but the digital format may reduce personalization and patient compliance. A balanced, hybrid model (i.e., combination of e-CBT & supervised care) could make therapy scalable and effective through a stepped-care model: a care model that begins treatment with the least resource intensive, yet effective, method while slowly ‘stepping up’ to intensive care based on patients’ needs.Objectives-To examine the efficacy of a stepped-care e-CBT model for depression through reduction in depressive symptoms.-To develop a decision-making process that can effectively allocate the appropriate level of care for each patient.MethodsThis is a single-blinded randomized controlled trial (RCT). Participants were randomized to either the e-CBT group (n = 53) or the e-CBT with stepped care group (n = 26). Both groups received a 12/13-weeks e-CBT program tailored to depression. The e-CBT program was provided through a secure online mental health clinic called the Online Psychotherapy Tool (OPTT). Participants read through the sessions and completed assignments related to each session. Each participant was designated a care provider who was a trained research assistant. Participants in the experimental group received extra interventions based on their standard questionnaire scores, and textual data.Results Figure 1: The average PHQ-9 (A), QLESQ (B), and QIDS (C) scores pre-, mid-, and post- treatment for the e-CBT only (n = 53) and stepped care groups (n = 26).* Depressive symptoms: PHQ-9 (Patient Health Questionnaire-9) & QIDS (Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology)* Quality of Life Measure: QLESQ (Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire – Short Form)Image:ConclusionsStepped care model can be reliable and effective method of delivering targeted care to future patients. Using this approach, the amount of care each patient receives is tailored to their needs, allowing for more efficient usage of scarce resources. This would also lower the general cost of care for each patient. By understanding the therapeutic needs of each patient, we can use these results to develop objective interventions and efficient algorithms to triage individuals. This technique could scale up care capacity without sacrificing the quality of care for each patient.Disclosure of InterestN. Alavi Shareolder of: OPTT inc, M. Omrani Shareolder of: OPTT inc, J. Jagayat: None Declared, A. Shirazi: None Declared, A. Kumar: None Declared, A. Pannu: None Declared, Y. Shao: None Declared

Comparative analysis of postoperative sexual dysfunction and quality of life in type a aortic dissection patients of different ages

BackgroundTo compare postoperative sexual dysfunction (SD) and quality of life (QOL) in Type A Aortic Dissection (AAD) Patients of Different Ages.MethodsFrom January 2018 to December 2019, 204 AAD postoperative survivors in Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University were selected and were divided into young group (less than 50 years old) and elderly group (more than 50 years old). We evaluated SD according to the male International Erectile Dysfunction Index (IIEF-5) and female sexual function index (FSFI). The Short Form 12 Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-12) and Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q) were used to investigate the QOL, Quick Inventory Depressive Symptomatology-Self Report (QIDS-SR) and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) to investigate depressive symptoms.ResultsOne hundred seventy-five patients completed all the questionnaire (85.8%). The total SD prevalence rate was 38.9% (68 cases), with 27.4% of the young (20 cases) and 47.1% of the elderly (48 cases). The age of non-SD and SD patients was 49.0 ± 11.5 and 56.9 ± 10.8 years, respectively (P = 0.03). Compared with non-SD patients, the total physical health of SD patients was significantly worse (P = 0.04), however, the mental health was not significantly worse (P = 0.77); the depressive symptoms did not expressed a significant difference between the SD and non-SD groups (QIDS-SR P = 0.15, BDI-II P = 0.06). Total physical health scores in the young SD group did not show significant better than elderly SD group (P = 0.24), however, total mental health scores showed significantly worse (P = 0.04), depressive symptoms scores were significantly higher (QIDS-SR P = 0.03, BDI-II P = 0.04).ConclusionThe postoperative AAD SD prevalence of elderly is higher than that of young, and the total physical health of SD patients is poorer than those without SD patients. The young SD patients did not show a significant higher physical health scores than the elderly SD patients, instead, the young SD patients were more psychologically affected than the elderly SD patients, whose mental health was worse, and depression symptoms were more obvious, suggesting that the factors affecting the QOL of postoperative SD patients are related to physical factors, but the young postoperative SD patients mainly affected by psychological factors.

Satisfaction of the quality of life in patients with schizophrenia

IntroductionSchizophrenia is a chronic mental disorder that has a significant impact on quality of life satisfaction in patients with schizophrenia.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to examine the impact of socio-demographic factors and psychotic symptoms on quality of life satisfaction in patients with schizophrenia.MethodsParticipants were outpatients of Hedi chaker University Hospital Center in sfax, Tunisia, recruited between January and July of 2019, diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. A Demographic questionnaire, the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and The Quality of life satisfaction and enjoyment Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q) were administered in this study.Results50 patients were included in this study with an average age 40,80 ±9,7. The majority of patients were single (72%), unemployed (60%), without medical heredity (80%) and living with their families (92%). The average score of the positive symptom scale (PANS) was 17.46 (SD = 9.1), the negative symptom scale (PANS) was 12.35 (SD = 7.4) and the psychopathological scale (PANS) was of 27.83 (SD = 14.7). the higher the score of the positive symptom scales (p <10-3) the negative scale score (p <0.002) and the psychopathological scale (p <0.001) was high, more the quality of life satisfaction score has been altered.ConclusionsImproving the quality of life satisfaction of these patients through these different parameters could be a goal of care complementary to the objectives of traditional care.

Clinical variants and types of course of separation anxiety disorder in adults

To study clinical manifestations of separation anxiety disorder (SAD) in adults with nonpsychotic mental disorders. Fifty outpatients over 18 years of age with SAD and comorbid non-psychotic mental disorders were assessed for diagnosis by MINI and the Structured Clinical Interview for Separation Anxiety Symptoms (SCI-SAS), the Adult Separation Anxiety Self-Report Checklist (ASA-27), HARS, the Experiences in Close Relationship Scale (ECR), the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5), the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q). Two clinical variants of the disorder: affective and cognitive-behavioral as well as two variants of the course: with onset in childhood and in adults are identified. Clinical variants and types differ in the spectrum of comorbidity, objects and styles of attachment, personality characteristics as well as correlations and prognosis.

Quality of life of alcohol-dependent adults

Introduction: Alcohol dependence is the most prevalent addiction disorder that develops gradually as an interplay of individual and social factors. It impacts the quality of life of affected individuals. The purpose of this study was to examine the quality of life of alcohol-dependent people at different stages of treatment compared to individuals without alcohol dependence.Methods: A mixed-methods study was conducted. First, a cross-sectional study (n = 502) was conducted using a validated Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q). Focus groups for subjective quality of life assessment were also conducted. Data were analysed using descriptive and inference methods (Mann Whitney U Test) with the SPSS, version 20 programme.Results: Non-dependent participants are significantly more satisfied with each of the quality of life component than alcohol-dependent participants. Differences were demonstrated in a sense of well-being and leisure-time activities. Differences between alcohol-dependent and non-dependent participants were seen in the domains of physical health, work satisfaction and social relationships.Discussion and conclusion: Alcohol-dependent participants reported a lower quality of life than non-alcohol dependent participants as alcohol dependents confront numerous problems associated with their dependence. There is a need for further research in the field of alcohol dependence in relation to the quality of life.

Personality disorder and functioning in major depressive disorder: a nested study within a randomized controlled trial.

Objective:This study aimed to determine if personality disorder (PD) predicted functional outcomes in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD).Methods:Data (n=71) from a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled 12-week trial assessing the efficacy of 200 mg/day adjunctive minocycline for MDD were examined. PD was measured using the Standardized Assessment of Personality Abbreviated Scale. Outcome measures included Clinical Global Impression – Improvement (CGI-I), Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q), Social and Occupational Functioning Scale (SOFAS), and Range of Impaired Functioning (RIFT). Analysis of covariance was used to examine the impact of PD (dichotomized factor [≥ 3] or continuous measure) on the outcome measures-treatment group correlation.Results:PD was identified in 69% of the sample. After adjusting for age, sex, and baseline scores for each of the outcome measures, there was no significant difference between participants with and without PD on week 12 scores for any of the outcome measures (all p > 0.14).Conclusion:In this secondary analysis of a primary efficacy study, PD was a common comorbidity among those with MDD, but was not a significant predictor of functional outcomes. This study adds to the limited literature on PD in randomized controlled trials for MDD.Clinical trial registration:ACTRN12612000283875.

Prevalence of anxiety separation disorder in adult outpatients with non-psychotic mental disorders

To investigate the prevalence and symptoms of separation anxiety (SA) and separation anxiety disorder (SAD) in adult outpatients with non-psychotic mental disorders. Five hundred and fifty-seven outpatients over 18 years of age with nonpsychotic mental disorders were examined. Clinical, psychopathological, psychometric (the Adult Separation Anxiety Questionnaire (ASA-27), the Structured Clinical Interview for Anxiety Symptoms (SCI-SAS), the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (QLES-Q) methods were used. SAD and SA accompany a wide range of nonpsychotic mental disorders, predominantly anxious and affective, and are highly prevalent among outpatients (24.8% and 5.4%, respectively). Patients with SAD are characterized by a high level of SA; the symptoms specific to SAD predominate in the structure of the disorder. It has been shown that during the manifestation of the disorder in childhood, the range of attachment objects widens with age, and the quality of life in such patients is lower.

A comparison of the reliability and validity of SF-6D, EQ-5D and HUI3 utility measures in patients with schizophrenia and patients with depression in Singapore

There is limited evidence of a direct comparison of the psychometric performance of generic preference-based measures in patients with mental illness in an Asian patient population. The current study aimed to compare the test–retest reliability, convergent and known-group validity and magnitude of change in scores of the EuroQol Five-Dimension, Health Utility Index Mark 3 (HUI3) and Short-Form Six-Dimension (SF-6D) measures in patients with depression and patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder. 500 patients were recruited from a tertiary psychiatric institution in Singapore. The Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale (SQLS), 8-item Patient Health Questionnaire, Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q), and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale were also included. In the schizophrenia sample, the SF-6D was found to have higher test–retest validity, convergent validity with SQLS domain scores, known-group validity and magnitude of change in scores over 6-month follow up than other measures. In the depression sample, the HUI3 was found to have higher test–retest reliability, convergent validity with Q-LES-Q, known group validity and magnitude of change in scores than other measures. Results suggest that the SF-6D and HUI3 to be more suitable as a utility measure for patients with schizophrenia and depression in an Asian patient population.

Quality of life, self-stigma, and coping strategies in patients with neurotic spectrum disorders: a cross-sectional study.

BackgroundModern psychiatry focuses on self-stigma, coping strategies, and quality of life (QoL). This study looked at relationships among severity of symptoms, self-stigma, demographics, coping strategies, and QoL in patients with neurotic spectrum disorders.MethodsA total of 153 clinically stable participants who met criteria for generalized anxiety disorder, social phobia, panic disorder, agoraphobia, mixed anxiety–depressive disorder, adjustment disorders, somatoform disorders, or obsessive–compulsive disorder were included in a cross-sectional study. Psychiatrists examined patients during regular psychiatric checkups. Patients completed the Quality of Life Satisfaction and Enjoyment Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q), Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale (ISMI), a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Stress Coping Style Questionnaire (Strategie Zvládání Stresu [SVF] 78), and the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scale.ResultsThe diagnostic subgroups differed significantly in age and use of negative coping strategies, but not in other measured clinical or psychological variables. The findings showed that neither sex nor partnership played a role in perceived QoL. All Q-LES-Q domains correlated negatively with all ISMI domains, except school/study. Unemployed and employed groups of patients differed in QoL. Each of the coping strategies, except the need for social support, was related to self-stigma. The findings showed that sex, partnership, education, and employment played no role in self-stigma. No differences between sexes in positive coping strategies, severity of disorder, self-stigma, or QoL were found. QoL correlated significantly with all coping strategies, except for guilt denial. Multiple regression showed the most important factors to be positive coping, employment, and overall self-stigma rating, explaining 32.9% of QoL. Mediation analysis showed self-stigma level and negative coping strategies to be the most influential. The most substantial factors associated with self-stigma, as indicated by regression analysis, were Q-LES-Q total, subjective CGI, and positive coping strategies, which clarified 44.5% of the ISMI.ConclusionThe study confirmed associations among self-stigma, quality of life, disorder severity, and coping strategies of outpatients with neurotic spectrum disorders.

Humanistic outcomes in treatment resistant depression: a secondary analysis of the STAR*D study

BackgroundIn the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) study, a third of patients did not achieve remission or adequate response after two treatment trials, fulfilling requirements for treatment resistant depression (TRD). The present study is a secondary analysis of the STAR*D data conducted to compare the humanistic outcomes in patients with TRD and non-TRD MDD.MethodsPatients with major depressive disorder who entered level 3 of the STAR*D were included in the TRD group, while patients who responded to treatment and entered follow-up from level 1 or 2 were included in the non-TRD group. The first visit in level 1 was used for baseline assessments. The time-point of assessments for comparison was the first visit in level 3 for TRD patients (median day: 141), and the visit closest to 141 ± 60 days from baseline for non-TRD patients. Outcomes were assessed by the 12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF12), 16-item Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q), Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS), and Work Productivity and Activity Impairment scale (WPAI). Scores were compared in a linear model with adjustment for covariates including age, gender, and depression severity measured by the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HDRS17) and Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS).ResultsA total of 2467 (TRD: 377; non-TRD: 2090) patients were studied. TRD patients were slightly older (mean age 44 vs 42 years), had a higher proportion of men (49% vs 37%, p < .0001), and baseline depression severity (HDRS17: 24.4 vs 22.0, p < .0001) vs non-TRD patients. During follow-up, TRD patients had lower health-related quality of life (HRQOL) scores on mental (30 vs 45.7) and physical components (47.7 vs 48.9) of the SF12, and lower Q-LES-Q scores (43.6 vs 63.7), greater functional and work impairments and productivity loss vs non-TRD patients (all p < 0.05).ConclusionPatients with TRD had worse HRQOL, work productivity, and social functioning than the non-TRD patients.

Magnetic Seizure Therapy in Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia: A Pilot Study.

Electroconvulsive therapy is effective in treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) but use is limited due to stigma and concerns around cognitive adverse effects. Magnetic seizure therapy (MST) is a promising new neuromodulation technique that uses transcranial magnetic stimulation to induce therapeutic seizures. Studies of MST in depression have shown clinical improvement with a favorable adverse effect profile. No studies have examined the clinical utility of MST in schizophrenia. We conducted an open-label pilot clinical trial of MST in eight TRS patients. Up to 24 MST treatments were delivered depending on treatment response. We assessed clinical outcome through the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q). Cognitive testing included a neuropsychological test battery, the Autobiographical Memory Inventory (AMI), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and reorientation time. Four patients completed the trial as per protocol. For all patients and for trial completers alone, there was a significant clinical and quality of life improvement. Three met pre-determined criteria for remission (total score ≤25 on the BPRS) and one met criteria for response (i.e., ≥25% BPRS improvement from baseline for two consecutive assessments). Pre and post neurocognitive data showed no significant cognitive adverse effects apart from a decrease in AMI scores. In this pilot study, MST demonstrated evidence for feasibility in patients with TRS, with promise for clinical efficacy and negligible cognitive side effects. Further study in larger clinical populations is needed. www.ClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier NCT01596608.

Comorbidity of schizophrenia and social phobia - impact on quality of life, hope, and personality traits: a cross sectional study.

ObjectiveThe purpose of the study was to explore whether the comorbidity of social phobia affects symptoms severity, positive and negative symptoms, self-stigma, hope, and quality of life in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study in which all participants completed the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI) scale, Adult Dispositional Hope Scale (ADHS), Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q), Temperament and Character Inventory – Revised (TCI-R), and the demographic questionnaire. The disorder severity was assessed both by a psychiatrist (Clinical Global Impression Severity – the objective version [objCGI-S] scale) and by the patients (Clinical Global Impression Severity – the subjective version [subjCGI-S] scale). The patients were in a stabilized state that did not require changes in the treatment. Diagnosis of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, or delusional disorder was determined according to the International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision (ICD-10) research criteria. A structured interview by Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview was used to confirm the diagnosis.ResultsThe study included 61 patients of both genders. Clinically, the patients with comorbid social phobia had the earlier onset of the illness, more severe current psychopathology, more intense anxiety (general and social), and higher severity of depressive symptoms. The patients with comorbid social phobia showed the significantly lower quality of life compared to the patients without this comorbidity. The patients with comorbid social phobia also had a statistically lower mean level of hope and experienced a higher rate of the self-stigma. They also exhibited higher average scores of personality trait harm avoidance (HA) and a lower score of personality trait self-directedness (SD).ConclusionThe study demonstrated differences in demographic factors, the severity of the disorder, self-stigma, hope, HA, and SD between patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders with and without comorbid social phobia.

NADA Ear Acupuncture: An Adjunctive Therapy to Improve and Maintain Positive Outcomes in Substance Abuse Treatment.

The National Acupuncture Detoxification Association protocol (NADA) is an adjunctive therapy using 1 to 5 invariant ear acupuncture/acupressure points. This is a randomized prospective study to determine if NADA plus traditional treatment enhance outcomes: quality of life, depression, anxiety and abstinence from substance abuse. There were 100 patients enrolled in the Keystone Substance Abuse Services-Winthrop University Department of Sociology and Anthropology NADA study. All patients completed Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES) prior to starting the program and at program completion. Patients self-reported alcohol, tobacco, and drug use prior to starting the program at program completion and at 3 and 6 month follow- up. Patient characteristics are predictive of completion versus non-completion when race, criminal history and initial drug test is considered. Those identified as nonwhite, (p < 0.05) and patients with positive initial drug test, (p < 0.01) were more likely to complete treatment in the NADA group. Also, among patients with criminal history a higher percentage failed to complete the program in the control group (p < 0.05). Participation in NADA positively associated with Q-LES score (p < 0.05), feeling better about oneself and improved energy (p < 0.05), likelihood of employment upon discharge (p < 0.05), and decreased alcohol use at 3 month follow up (p < 0.05) and 6-month follow-up (p < 0.01). NADA group reported less tobacco use at 6 months (p < 0.05).

Self-stigma and quality of life in outpatients with depressive disorder – a cross-sectional study

BackgroundSelf-stigma is a maladaptive psychosocial phenomenon that may disturb many areas of patient's life and have the negative impact on their quality of life. The present study explored the association between self-stigma, quality of life, demographic data, and the severity of symptoms in patients with depressive disorder.MethodPatients, who met ICD-10 research criteria for depressive disorder, were enrolled in the cross-sectional study. All probands completed these measurements: the Quality of Life Satisfaction and Enjoyment Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q), the Internalised Stigma of Mental Illness Scale (ISMI), demographic questionnaire, and the severity of the disorder measured by objective and subjective Clinical Global Impression severity scales (CGI).ResultsEighty-one depressive patients (with persistent affective disorder – dysthymia, major depressive disorder or recurrent depressive disorder) and 43 healthy controls contributed to the study. Comparing with the healthy control group, there was a lower quality of life in patients with depression. The level of self-stigma correlated positively with total symptom severity score and negatively with the quality of life. Multiple regression analysis discovered that the overall rating of objective symptoms severity and self-stigma were significantly associated with the quality of life.ConclusionsPresent study suggests the lower quality of life in outpatients with depressive disorder in comparison with healthy controls, and the negative impact of self-stigma level on quality of life in patients suffering from depressive disorders.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Connection between coping strategies and quality of life in outpatient with depression – cross-sectional study

BackgroundThe quality of life is a multidimensional phenomenon which represents all aspects of patient's well-being and various areas of the patient's life. Specific coping strategies may be connected with the quality of life and also with the severity of the disorder. The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between the coping strategies and quality of life in outpatients with depressive disorder.MethodsEighty-two outpatients, who met ICD-10 criteria for depressive disorders, were enrolled in the cross-sectional study. Data on sociodemographic and clinical variables were recorded. Individuals with depression filled out the standardized measures: The Stress Coping Style Questionnaire (SVF-78), The Quality of Life Satisfaction and Enjoyment Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q), and The Clinical Global Impression (CGI).ResultsThe patients overuse negative coping strategies, especially, escape tendency and resignation. Using of positive coping is in average level (the strategy Positive self-instruction is little used). Coping strategies are significantly associated with quality of life. Higher using of positive coping has a positive association with QoL. The main factors related to QoL are the subjective severity of the disorder, employment and positive coping strategies according to regression analysis.ConclusionsThis study revealed the connection between coping strategies and quality of life in patients with depressive disorders. Strengthening the use of positive coping strategies may have a positive effect on the quality of life, mental conditions and treatment of patients with depression.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Depression severity and quality of life of qualified and unqualified patients with a mood disorder for a research study targeting anhedonia in a clinical sample.

To investigate the depression severity and quality of life of qualified and unqualified patients with a mood disorder for a research study based on anhedonia severity. Diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) or bipolar disorder (BPD) was ascertained with the MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview. The severity of depression was measured with the 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self-Report (QIDS-16-SR), and Item 5, "feeling sad (sadness)," QIDS-16-SR Item 13, "change in general interest," was used to measure the severity of anhedonia. The quality of life was measured with the Quality of Life, Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q). Of 96 patients with MDD and 147 with bipolar I or II disorder, the severity rating on sadness and anhedonia was similar. The severities of anhedonia and sadness were highly correlated with R2 of ≥0.91. Without considering depressive severity, 55% of patients would be eligible for a study if≥mild anhedonia was used as a severity criterion, but only 26% of patients eligible for a study if≥moderate anhedonia was used without considering substance use and medical comorbidities. If patients with ≥ moderate overall depressive symptoms were considered, 88.1% of patients would be eligible if≥mild anhedonia was required for a study, and 45.2% of patients would be eligible for a study if≥moderate anhedonia was required. For those who were unqualified for the study based on≥moderate anhedonia, about 1/3 had≥moderate overall depressive symptoms and less than 40% of maximum possible scores of Q-LES-Q. If only patients in remission based on overall depressive symptom severity were considered for a study of anhedonia, no patient would be eligible for the study. Depressive mood and anhedonia are highly correlated. Screening patients with a mood disorder and an overall moderate depressive severity is a cost-effective approach for a study targeting anhedonia, especially for a study requiring≥moderate severity of anhedonia. However, 1/3 of the unqualified patients will have≥moderate overall depressive symptoms and poor quality of life.

Quality of life, self-stigma, and hope in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: a cross-sectional study.

GoalsThe aim of this study was to explore the quality of life, self-stigma, personality traits, and hope in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.Patients and methodsA total of 52 outpatients participated in this cross-sectional study. The attending psychiatrist assessed each patient with Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). The patients then completed Quality of Life Satisfaction and Enjoyment Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q), Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI) Scale, Temperament and Character Inventory – Revised (TCI-R), Adult Dispositional Hope Scale (ADHS), Drug Attitude Inventory 10 (DAI-10), and Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS)-Self-report. The psychiatrist evaluated Clinical Global Impression Severity – the objective version (objCGI-S), and the patients completed the Clinical Global Impression Severity – the subjective version (subjCGI-S). Each participant also completed Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI).ResultsThe quality of life was significantly higher in employed patients and individuals with higher hope, self-directedness (SD), and persistence (PS). The quality of life was lower among patients with higher number of psychiatric hospitalizations, those with higher severity of the disorder, and individuals who were taking higher doses of antipsychotics. Patients with more pronounced symptoms of depression, anxiety, and social anxiety had a lower quality of life. Finally, the quality of life was lower among individuals with higher harm avoidance (HA) and self-stigmatization (ISMI). Backward stepwise regression was applied to identify the most significant factors connected to self-stigma. The regression analysis showed that occupation, level of depression (BDI-II), attitude to using medication (DAI-10), social anxiety (LSAS), and antipsychotic index were the most relevant factors associated with lower quality of life.ConclusionDetection of the quality of life in the context of personality traits, hope, self-stigma, and demographic and clinical factors may be an important part of the assessment of the patient with schizophrenia.

The Impact of Depressive Symptoms and Traumatic Experiences on Quality of Life in Adults With ADHD

Objective: We assessed factors influencing quality of life (QoL) in adults with ADHD. Method: QoL, traumatic childhood experiences, and depression were assessed using the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), respectively, in 60 adult ADHD outpatients and 60 age- and gender-matched controls. Results: Emotional neglect or abuse had occurred significantly more often during childhood in adults with ADHD. Depressive symptoms were rated significantly higher by ADHD patients. QoL was significantly lower in adults with ADHD, and the variables depression, ADHD symptom severity, and traumatic load, accounted for ~60% of variance in overall QoL. Conclusion: QoL is significantly reduced in adult ADHD patients. Depressive symptoms and traumatic childhood experiences influence QoL. Treatment for adult ADHD patients should take the high interdependence of depressive symptoms, childhood trauma, and QoL into consideration.

The Effectiveness of Telepsychiatry-Based Culturally Sensitive Collaborative Treatment for Depressed Chinese American Immigrants

This study evaluates the effectiveness of a telepsychiatry-based culturally sensitive collaborative treatment (T-CSCT) intervention to improve treatment outcomes for depressed Chinese American immigrants. Participants were Chinese Americans recruited from primary care settings from February 1, 2009, to July 31, 2012, with DSM-IV major depressive disorder (MDD) identified by the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Eligible patients were randomized to receive either T-CSCT or treatment as usual (TAU) for 6 months. T-CSCT involves (1) cultural consultation via videoconference and (2) care management. The primary outcome measure was the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS₁₇); positive response was defined as a ≥ 50% decrease in HDRS₁₇ score, and remission was defined as HDRS₁₇ score ≤ 7. Secondary outcome measures were the Clinical Global Impressions-Severity of Illness (CGI-S) and Improvement (CGI-I) scales and the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q). Outcomes were compared using multivariate logistic regression and mixed-model for repeated measures methods. Among participants (N = 190), 63% were female, and the mean (SD) age was 50 (14.5) years. They were randomized to T-CSCT (n = 97; 51%) or TAU (n = 93; 49%). Using multivariate logistic regression analyses, the odds of achieving response and remission were significantly greater for the T-CSCT group compared to the control group (odds ratio [OR] = 3.9 [95% CI, 1.9 to 7.8] and 4.4 [95% CI, 1.9 to 9.9], respectively). Multivariate general linear model analyses showed that patients in the T-CSCT group had significantly greater improvement over time in HDRS₁₇ (F4,95 = 4.59, P = .002), CGI-S (F4,95 = 4.22, P = .003), and CGI-I (F4,95 = 2.95, P = .02) scores. T-CSCT is effective in improving treatment outcomes of Chinese immigrants with MDD. ClincialTrials.gov identifier: NCT00854542.