Quality Of Hybrid Seeds Research Articles

X-ray of seeds in breeding of berry crops

The article is devoted to the use of x-rays to determine the quality of hybrid seeds of berry crops such as raspberries, blackberries, strawberries, strawberry, blueberries, red currants and gooseberries. All examinations were performed with the use of x-ray equipment PRB-02. For detailed examination of small seeds, an x-ray microscope RM-01 was used. It was revealed that even visually full-fledged seeds of berry crops have internal hidden defects, such as rotting of the seed, detachment of the shell from the cotyledons and failure. Microfocus radiography of the seeds of gooseberries and currants showed that the shells of these seeds reacted poorly to x-ray irradiation in the sense that the outlines of the cotyledons and the embryo had no clearly defined boundaries. The method of microfocus radiography can be successfully applied in the selection of berry crops to determine the quality characteristics of seeds and their viability.

Seed treatment for improving quality of hybrid seeds of rice

Seeds of 15 hybrid rice varieties viz. Durber, Agomoni, Meghna, Hybrid super, Moyna, Tia, Gold, Aloron, Jagoron, Suborno, Safollo, Hira-1, Hira-2, Hira-4 and Hira-6 were collected from five different seed producing companies of Bangladesh. BAU-Biofungicide (3%), extracts of Garlic (1:1), Allamanda leaf (1:1) Bavistin (0.3%), Thiovit ( 0.3%) and Provax (0.3%) were used for treating seeds to improve quality of hybrid seeds of rice. The moisture content of seed samples ranged 12.20% to 14.37%, where highest moisture content was found in variety Meghna and lowest in variety Moyna. 1000-seed weight of seed samples ranged from 20.00 to 26.00g, where highest weight was recorded in Hira-4 and lowest was recorded both in Aloron and Hira-1. Seed health test revealed 11 different seed borne fungi viz. Bipolaris oryzae (0.0 to 25.5%), Fusarium moniliforme (0.00 to 3.0%), Fusarium oxysporum (0.0 to 18.0%), Aspergillus flavus (0.00 to 11.0%), Aspergillus niger (0.00 to 5.0%), Aspergillus candidus (0.00 to 15.0%), Penicillium spp. (0.0 to 7.0%) , Alternaria padwickii (0.0 to 1%), Alternaria tenuis (0.0 to 11.0%), Curvularia lunata (0.0 to 40.0%) and Nigrospora oryzae (0.0 to 4.0%) . Germination test resulted normal seedlings from 26.00 to 97.00%, where highest was recorded in variety Jagoron that treated with BAU-Biofungicide resulting highest increase in number of normal seedlings by 239.28% over untreated control. BAU-Biofungicide significantly decreased (upto 90.00%) formation of abnormal seedlings over untreated control. Moreover, BAU-Biofungicide increased up to 713.78% Vigor index over untreated control.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2015, 1(3): 406-415

Genotypic and Environmental Effects to Obtain Higher Yields of Hybrid Seed ofCapsicum annuumL

ABSTRACT Hybrid seed production of chili decreased in Punjab, India, despite immense demand. An experiment was conducted during 2000–01 at Vegetable Experiment Station of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, to investigate genotypic (G) and environmental (E) effects on fruit and seed setting abilities. ‘MS-12’ was taken as a common female line whereas ‘I-16’, ‘LLS’, ‘Pepsi-8-1’, ‘Pb. Guchhedar’, ‘PS-4221’, ‘S-2529’, ‘S-2530’ and ‘S-2545’ were used as pollinators. Significant G × E interactions were found for all the traits measured, except pollen load per flower. Both, quantity and quality of hybrid seeds were best when crosses were made in July. July, August, and September produced greater hybrid seed yield gave a relatively high seed germination percent.

Coincidence of flowering time and the productivity and quality of cauliflower hybrid seeds

The missing of flowering synchronization between the self-incompatible lines in a crop field of cauliflower hybrid seeds besides making the seed production smaller can compromise the genetic purity of them. The coincidence of the flowering time between two cauliflower lines was examined to study its effect on the productivity and quality of hybrid seeds. The treatments consisted of six different sowing dates, every fifteen days, using a self-incompatible tropical line pollinated by a winter line which does not present self-incompatibility. The following characteristics were evaluated: leaf average area and number of flowers per plant, number of siliques per plant, number and weight of seeds per plant, weight of thousand seeds and average number of seeds per silique. The germination standard test and genetic seed purity were determined for each treatment. The coincident flowering season between cauliflower lines affects directly the productivity and the genetic quality of the produced hybrid seeds. The closer the flowering time coincidence between the lines, the greater the number of seeds per silique and the smaller the percentage of non-hybrid seedlings. However, the coincidence of the flowering season between lines was found to influence physiological seed quality.