Quality Of Education In Countries Research Articles

The Influence and Mutual Promotion of Education and the Economy

In the 21st century, global competition around the economy and education is fierce. Under normal circumstances, the quality of education in countries with strong economic strength is good, while the quality of education in countries with relatively backward economies is not well guaranteed. This paper discusses the relationship between education and the economy, the reasons for this relationship, and the ways of their healthy development together. When discussing the relationship between the two, this paper compares the GDP of the United Kingdom and Nigeria with the current situation of education in the two countries and confirms that the relationship between economy and education is usually common progress. As for the reasons for the influence between the two, the paper discusses the two reasons for economic security education and education promoting the economy and divides them into two different types of reasons, direct and indirect. Education promotes the economy through commercialization and training of talents. The state sets up a minimum allocation system and follows the allocation formula to ensure adequate funding for education. To promote the common development of both, China has a good example, such as driving independent innovation through university strategy, providing creativity and skills for economic construction, and implementing compulsory education policies to coordinate education equality among regions, thus affecting balanced economic development.

АНАЛІЗ ОСНОВНИХ ХОЛДИНГІВ ДЛЯ ФОРМУВАННЯ СВІТОВИХ РЕЙТИНГІВ ПРОВІДНИХ УНІВЕРСИТЕТІВ

At the present stage of development of society, institutions of higher education (HEI) strive to occupy stable ranking positions among competitors at the national and global levels. Increasing competition in the field of education has led to the creation of mechanisms for assessing the activities of educational institutions. The assessment of the activities of the HEI should be carried out both at the state level and by independent expert institutions, taking into account the index of academic integrity, the index of the academic reputation of the HEI, the index of employers' satisfaction with university graduates, the achievements of the educational institution, the wishes of students, scientific, scientific and pedagogical workers. Such monitoring is carried out to assure students, administration and the state that the given HEI has a high level of expert assessment. In world practice, independent organizations are engaged in the development and implementation of methods for independent assessment of the quality of education, in particular the ratings of educational institutions, using the results of international comparative research in the field of education. For example, such information holdings, with the help of which world university rankings are formed: THE World University Rankings (an annual publication of university rankings according to the Times Higher Education magazine), QS World University Rankings (a global study and the accompanying ranking of the best higher educational institutions of world significance in terms of their achievements in the field of education and science Calculated according to the methodology of the British consulting company Quacquarelli Symonds (QS), The Academic Ranking of World Universities (affiliated with the Institute of Higher Education, Shanghai Jiaotong University). The indicator of high competitiveness of the HEI is confirmed by joining the international ranking and occupying positions close to the world's leading universities. The methodology for ranking holdings consists in calculating a rating by indicators that assess key criteria. Each indicator has its own percentage of the total score. These rating systems make a significant contribution to the quality of education in countries. With the help of these information holdings, the university can show its strengths in order to have a high rate of competitiveness among the HEIs and attract the attention of prospective students, their parents, scientific and pedagogical workers, teachers and employers.

Enhancing ICT for quality education in sub-Saharan Africa

This research assesses the relevance of information and communication technology (ICT) in primary education quality in a panel of 49 Sub-Saharan African countries for the period 2000–2012. The empirical evidence is based on Two Stage Least Squares (2SLS) and Instrumental Quantile regressions (IQR). From the 2SLS: (i) mobile phone and internet penetration rates reduce poor quality education and enhancing internet penetration has a net negative effect of greater magnitude. From the IQR: (i) with the exception of the highest quantile for mobile phone penetration and top quantiles for internet penetration, ICT consistently has a negative effect on poor education quality with a non-monotonic pattern. (ii) Net negative effects are exclusively apparent in the median and top quantiles of internet-related regressions. It follows that enhancing internet penetration will benefit countries with above-median levels of poor education quality while enhancing internet penetration is not immediately relevant to reducing poor education quality in countries with below-median levels of poor education quality.

Enhancing ICT for Quality Education in Sub-Saharan Africa

This research assesses the relevance of information and communication technology (ICT) in primary education quality in a panel of 49 Sub-Saharan African countries for the period 2000-2012. The empirical evidence is based on Two Stage Least Squares (2SLS) and Instrumental Quantile regressions (IQR). From the 2SLS: (i) mobile phone and internet penetration rates reduce poor quality education and enhancing internet penetration has a net negative effect of greater magnitude. From the IQR: (i) with the exception of the highest quantile for mobile phone penetration and top quantiles for internet penetration, ICT consistently has a negative effect on poor education quality with a non-monotonic pattern. (ii) Net negative effects are exclusively apparent in the median and top quantiles of internet-related regressions. It follows that enhancing internet penetration will benefit countries with above-median levels of poor education quality while enhancing internet penetration is not immediately relevant to reducing poor education quality in countries with below-median levels of poor education quality.

Africans in the American Labor Market.

The number of migrants to the United States from Africa has grown exponentially since the 1930s. For the first time in America's history, migrants born in Africa are growing at a faster rate than migrants from any other continent. The composition of African-origin migrants has also changed dramatically: in the mid-twentieth century, the majority were white and came from only three countries; but today, about one-fifth are white, and African-origin migrants hail from across the entire continent. Little is known about the implications of these changes for their labor market outcomes in the United States. Using the 2000-2011 waves of the American Community Survey, we present a picture of enormous heterogeneity in labor market participation, sectoral choice, and hourly earnings of male and female migrants by country of birth, race, age at arrival in the United States, and human capital. For example, controlling a rich set of human capital and demographic characteristics, some migrants-such as those from South Africa/Zimbabwe and Cape Verde, who typically enter on employment visas-earn substantial premiums relative to other African-origin migrants. These premiums are especially large among males who arrived after age 18. In contrast, other migrants-such as those from Sudan/Somalia, who arrived more recently, mostly as refugees-earn substantially less than migrants from other African countries. Understanding the mechanisms generating the heterogeneity in these outcomes-including levels of socioeconomic development, language, culture, and quality of education in countries of origin, as well as selectivity of those who migrate-figures prominently among important unresolved research questions.