Quality Management Instruments Research Articles

Classification of Quality Management Methods and Tools in a Functional Approach

Theoretical background: The evolution of the instrumentation of quality management makes the list of methods and tools constantly open and inexhaustible. The problems of dividing and classifying quality management instruments are very often discussed in the literature. The need to have a variety of methods and tools is due to the fact that the development of modern competitive strategies, affecting the strengthening of market position, the need for rapid decision-making, as well as progress, mainly in the field of information technology and continuous changes in markets, pose qualitatively new challenges to managers. Purpose of the article: The purpose of this article is to present selected quality management instrumentation by process group. Research methods: In this article, literature review was the starting point for empirical research. Finally, a set of fifty new and classic quality management methods and tools in relation to their main functions was analysed. Based on this, data tables were generated. Main findings: In a large collection of methods, tools and solutions, new concepts appear that are multi-disciplinary and require interdisciplinary knowledge. The choice of appropriate quality instruments is determined by the specificity of the organization and many other variables. The correct use of quality management instruments contributes to solving problems at the management and executive levels of production enterprises, while enriching knowledge about processes.

Enjoyment, as an Instrument for Academic Quality Management, in the Peruvian Higher University Education

In recent years, educational organisations have used different tools and strategies to enhance their services, such as gamification, flipped classroom and Project-Based Learning have been imple-mented to provide quality education. In this sense, enjoyment, which is focused on the emotional well-being of students, contributes to integral formation and academic performance. Therefore, the target was to explore students' perceptions about enjoyment, as a tool that allows identifying the needs, and weaknesses, addressing the risks of educational organisations of higher education as well, so that it provides educational agents to conduct improvement actions for the benefit of interested parties. A quantitative approach was assumed, with a non-experimental design and descriptive scope, in which a Scale of Enjoyment with Learning of Science Subjects was used, adapted to collect information concerning the enjoyment level of students in the first cycles of higher education. The results revealed that 78% of physics students experience high levels of en-joyment, evidencing a positive attitude towards the professor, concerning personal enjoyment and social as well. In conclusion, enjoyment of the teaching-learning process is essential for academic quality, as it helps students achieve significant learning. Furthermore, it enables higher education institutions to improve academic quality management and provide quality services.

ANALYSING THE NATIONAL EDUCATION REPORT CARD AS A QUALITY MANAGEMENT INSTRUMENT

This research aims to discuss the crucial role of analysing the National Education Report Card as an instrument of education quality management. The focus is on the importance of consistency in deciphering report card data to evaluate student, teacher and overall education policy performance. Through this approach, the article illustrates how appropriate analyses can provide an in-depth view of education trends, identify potential improvements, and support data-driven decision-making. The report also highlights the impact of consistency in research on the efficiency of the national education system, providing a basis for developing more effective strategies to improve learning quality sustainably.

SEQUENCE OF SELECTED QUALITY MANAGEMENT TOOLS TO ANALYZE QUALITIVE PROBLEMS OF PRODUCTS

Identification of causes of incompatibilities of the products treated with the powder method allows their elimination or minimization of those differences, which contributes to the improvement of the powder coating method and thus to the development of processes in the field of metallurgy. The aim of the article is to analyze the corrosion problem on the ventilator cover with the use of the sequence of selected quality management instruments (Ishikawa diagram and the 5Why method) and proposed actions to eliminate or minimize the problem and improve the powder coating process and organization within the workplace place of the selected company. The analysis was carried out at the request of the management of the Podkarpackie fan producer. The management wanted to analyze some of a problems in the simple and cheaper way, and thus in the enterprise this using the types of the method was not practiced. The management were wanted to analyze the problem with using these types of method because, in this enterprise, this was not practiced yet. The analysis of corrosion using the new sequence – Ishikawa diagram and 5Why method allowed, i.e.: appropriate analysis of the problem, identified the root cause of adequate problem and proposed the actions for the problem, thanks to which is possible to improve the powder coating process and a good organization workplace in the selected company. The sequence used and the proposed improvement actions can be used to analyze quality problems in other production and service companies.

Evaluation of the Quality of the Cement Production Process in Terms of Increasing the Company’s Performance

This article summarizes the arguments surrounding the scientific discussion of the cement production process at a selected company in Slovakia. (1) The main goal of this article is to evaluate the quality of the cement production process with the intention of increasing the performance and quality of the process and the quality of the cement in various assortments. The object of this research was a selected company in Slovakia which focuses on cement production. (2) The methods of research were focused on using statistical, economic, and financial analyses and instruments of quality management, such as the Ishikawa diagram, regression diagram, correlation, and box plot diagram. The relevance of the decision of this scientific research relating to the innovation of the cement production process focused on Industry 4.0 requirements. (3) This paper presents the results of the clinker CaOF content and LS and their quality. These components are used for cement products and are responsible for the quality of cement. This paper obtained a view of barriers in the cement production process, the most important of which are the people involved and their qualifications. (4) These barriers were minimalized and indicated significant improvements in the quality of entry components in the clinker. We suggest reducing CEM III and replacing CEM I-R, which brings higher profit to the company. These results can be instruments or recommendations for other companies utilizing the cement production process.

Prawna dopuszczalność stosowania instrumentarium zarządzania jakością przez jednostki samorządu terytorialnego

The subject of the considerations is the use of quality management instruments by local government units. The analysis of their activities shows that in their practice they implement quality-oriented measures in different areas. This fact is confirmed by public information available on the BIP website, describing, for example, the implementation of a given system or the use of a specific methodology or quality management tool. The legal bases for the use of quality management tools by local and regional authorities need to be examined in order to determine the content of the legal provision giving them the power to implement quality-related measures. Consequently, the article reaffirms the thesis on the legal admissibility of using the instruments of quality management by local government units, indicates its scope and formulates the concept of quality management instruments in the context of the functioning of local government.

Primena IT u javnom sektoru od strane lokalnih vlasti - koristi i izazovi

State and local governments in e-tools have important instruments of quality management and the creation and implementation of sectoral policies. Smart city projects provide excellent services to citizens, increase the transparency and accountability of authorities, as well as citizens' satisfaction with services. Participative edecision-making is useful because citizens are indispensable for expressing their needs, assessing the quality of services, and setting requests and initiatives (co-production). On the other hand, it is also important to include public servants who ensure that decisions are optimally shaped and that services are tailored according to the needs of specific people (personalization of services) and the community. Serbia has a systemic problem of centralization, a top-down approach to management, weak participation of citizens and weak involvement of experts in the work of e-government. Good practice indicates that e-government cannot function without the active involvement of citizens, so our system needs to be changed and improved. These changes would also modernize management, decision making and policy making (evidence based decision and policy making). The consequence would be the creation of services according to the needs of citizens, which increases citizens' satisfaction with the quality of services. In addition, these processes strengthen the socialization of citizens, strengthen democratic capacities of communities, and raise the motivation of employees to contribute to the quality of work (strengthening of professionalization, motivation and dignity of public servants).

Conceptualising air quality management instruments in South Africa

South Africa has developed a plethora of air quality management instruments as a means to address and mitigate air quality challenges. However, no holistic conceptualised understanding of these instruments exists to critically inform air quality management and governance. The aim of this paper is to identify existing air quality management instruments and conceptualise them in terms of three broad environmental management approaches, namely Command and Control-based (CaC), Fiscal-based and Civil-based. This allows for a critical understanding of the overall air quality governance framework in South Africa. A literature review methodology was followed to identify the different instruments. The research results suggest an over reliance on CaC, high levels of hybridisation, high level of complexity and an overall lack of synergy between instruments. The research notes that even amidst the plethora of instruments South Africa continues to face serious air quality challenges. We hope that the conceptualisation provided in this paper provides a basis towards a more detailed analysis of the strengths, weaknesses, and performance of different approaches and instruments to ensure more effective air quality governance and management in South Africa.

The use of combined quality management instruments to analyze the causes of non-conformities in the castings of the cover of the rail vehicle bearing housing

Abstract The most critical activities influencing the success of each company are continuous improvement of the quality of manufactured products and monitoring of the production process. Skillful use of available technologies and quality management tools allows for eliminating casting non-conformities and preventing their repetition in the future. The research aimed to analyze the types of defects occurring in castings, the location of their most frequent occurrence areas, and to identify the causes of defects in castings of bearing housings used in rail vehicles. The benefits of a combination of quality management tools for diagnosing material discontinuities in the analyzed castings are presented in this article.

Sustainability Failure Mode and Effects Analysis – A systematic literature review

Over the last few decades, there has been increasing discussion on achieving a greater sustainability orientation for company products and processes by linking quality management, environmental and social management. Failure Mode and Effects Analysis is a central and widely used quality management tool aimed at preventing failures from leading to customer dissatisfaction. In the meantime, several literature reviews on FMEA have been published, which show a broad spectrum of instrument modifications, but generally within this content-related orientation as a quality-management instrument. The present literature review sheds a completely new light on the instrument, showing that the FMEA is increasingly modified in order to additionally align decisions in companies with ecological and social criteria. By presenting the first systematic literature review on sustainability-oriented FMEA, this study (i) demonstrates development trends and diversity in the corresponding publications, (ii) investigates the gaps and understudied fields, (iii) highlights key findings and potential approaches for further development.

Improving the Manufacturing Process of Aluminium Rims

Abstract The aim of the study was to indicate the reasons for non-compliance of aluminium rim castings and, using quality management instruments (Pareto-Lorenzo diagram and 5WHy method?), elimination or reduction of non-compliant products. The object of the research was an aluminium rim, while the diagnostic process of the object of the research was based on the quality control of the chemical composition of the casting, the control of mechanical properties and the control of the continuity of the material structure by radiographic and microscopic methods. On the basis of the research carried out, it was found that a sensitive casting area is the front edge of the rim rim - a significant number of porosity clusters were identified in this area. The reason for their occurrence was also specified - too rapid flooding of moulds, which resulted in gassing of the alloy. The identified cause had its origins in human resources mismanagement, namely the lack of training of the newly recruited employee. So far, the company has not carried out analyses of quality problems with the use of a sequential quality management methodology, so the implemented corrective actions have not always led to the full achievement of quality objectives. The presented sequential method, which is a combination of diagnostic and control tests and quality management instruments, is a universal way to monitor the level of quality of products and to quickly correct nonconformities.

THE COMBINATION OF SELECTED MANAGEMENT INSTRUMENTS TO ANALYZE QUALITY PROBLEMS

The aim of the article is to propose the combination of selected quality management instruments in a sequential and repetitive manner and to identify the incompatibilities and causes of its occurrence. This is a combination of techniques i.e.: brainstorming (BM), causes and effects diagram, multiply voting, and the 5Why method. The test of the proposed combination of the selected quality management instruments was made for the problem of the incompatibility of the product in an enterprise located in the Podkarpacie. This problem was the non-metallic inclusions on the bearing housing from CPW 407 steel. The proposed combination of the selected quality management instruments was integrated with the non-destructive testing (NDT). The originality of the study is to propose the combination of selected quality management instruments as a part of a single method, whose stages can occur in a sequential and repetitive manner.

Розвиток маркетингових досліджень задоволеності вимог стейкхолдерів організації на засадах методичного інструментарію управління якістю

The article is aimed at adapting to the use of methodical instrumentarium of quality management for the development of marketing research to identify the satisfaction of stakeholder requirements with the results of the organization’s activities, ensuring thorough managerial decisions in the direction of influencing the behavior of the latter. In the course of researches conducted by the authors, after generalizations of scientific publications in the field of methodical marketing instruments, it is specified that the use of such an instrument of quality management as SERVQUAL provides not only the development of conduct of the marketing research itself, but creates preconditions for the «marketing of relations» of stakeholders with the organization. In accordance with the examplified in the presented article adaptation of the methodical instrumentarium of SERVQUAL to the sphere of educational business, the example of the educational organization illustrates how this instrument can ensure an increase in the level of competitiveness of the higher educational institution by improving various consumer characteristics and differentiating the consumer value of educational services, which, in turn, includes: differentiation of educational services with an orientation to the current unsatisfactory demand and perspective forecast in educational services, that is, the introduction of new differentiation of consumer properties of the existing educational service; differentiation of service sales channels – attracting new categories of stakeholders. The versatility of the proposed methodical instrumentarium of SERVQUAL provides an opportunity to develop marketing research as to satisfaction of stakeholder requirements in the activities of both educational organizations and enterprises along with organizations of various levels, forms of ownership, type and sphere of activity of the national economy, which is the directions of further research by the authors of the article.

Method of precise determination of the main causes of the problems on example of the pin connecting discs in an engine gear

The aim is to present an original combination of methods allowing to precisely determine the main causes of problems. The concept of the method assumes generating as many causes of a problem as possible, grouping them, visualizing, and precisely analyzing to determine the main cause of problem. The method combines the techniques such as Brainstorm, Cause-and-Effect Diagram, Fuzzy TOPSIS method (Fuzzy Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) and Fuzzy AHP method (Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process). The method was tested for incompatibilities of products used in the automotive industry. The problem was a crack of the pin connecting discs in the engine gear when grinding. After used the proposed combined method, it was concluded that the main cause of this problem was the poor seating of the grinding wheel on the product. The originality of the article lies in the combination of selected quality management instruments and two fuzzy multi-criteria decision methods within one, consistent method of precisely determining various types of problems (taking into account the problems in the automotive industry).

ACCIONES PARA LA PREPARACIÓN EN COCINA TRADICIONAL CUBANA EN INSTALACIONES TURÍSTICAS

El acelerado desarrollo del turismo en la actualidad, demanda recursos humanos altamente preparados para responder a las exigencias de los clientes. Estudios recientes en instalaciones turísticas cubanas han identificado insatisfacciones de los clientes en cuanto a calidad de las elaboraciones culinarias; asociadas a los niveles de preparación del personal de cocina. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo mostrar los principales resultados en la implementación de acciones para la preparación en cocina tradicional cubana de los especialistas culinarios del Hotel Colonial Cayo Coco, de la provincia de Ciego de Ávila. El trabajo se estructuró en cuatro etapas, empleándose como métodos de investigación: el análisis documental, la observación directa y participativa y la entrevista. La propuesta de acciones de preparación se elaboró tomando en cuenta las deficiencias de los especialistas culinarios, reflejadas en las insatisfacciones de los clientes. Estas acciones fueron validadas por criterio de expertos previamente seleccionados mediante el método Delphi. La implementación de las acciones de preparación contribuyó al incremento cognoscitivo de los especialistas culinarios en temáticas de cocina tradicional cubana y al aumento de la satisfacción de los clientes del Hotel Colonial Cayo Coco, lo cual constituye un instrumento factible para la gestión de la calidad de los servicios de alimentación en instalaciones turísticas del país. Palabras clave: cocina tradicional cubana; preparación profesional; turismo.

The Relationship between Educational Transformational Leadership and Teacher Quality at Secondary School: Total Quality Management as Mediator

This study aims to examine the relationship between educational transformation leadership and the quality of teachers in secondary schools, as well as to identify the impact of total quality management practices on the relationship between both variables. This study used a cross-sectional survey involving 423 secondary school teachers from across Malaysia. Data were collected using questionnaires adapted from Total Quality Management Instruments, Multi-Factor Leadership Questionnaire and Malaysian Teacher Standards Instruments. This study used the Pearson Correlation inference analysis to determine the relationship between variables and SPSS Process Macro 3.0 analysis to identify mediator effects. The results show that the relationships between educational leadership and Total Quality Management practices (.768), Total Quality Management practices and teacher quality (.942), educational transformational leadership and teacher quality (.846) are all positive and significant. In addition, the Variance Accounted For (VAF) for the mediator is 64.62%. Thus, it can be concluded that Total Quality Management has a partial mediator effect on the relationship between educational transformational leadership and teacher quality in secondary schools. The findings of this study can contribute to the improvement of school management practices, specifically through the implementation of educational transformational leadership, Total Quality Management and teachers' quality. In summary, the findings suggest that educational transformational leadership and Total Quality Management can contribute to the improvement of teachers' quality.

Failure mode and effect analysis: An interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy cloud theory-based method

Failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) is a proactive quality management instrument to improve the reliability of systems. Nevertheless, the classical FMEA technique has suffered from many weaknesses, e.g., inability to handle inaccurate information, strong sensitiveness to variations in assessments. Although fuzzy theories are utilized to enhance the classical FMEA, they still have some deficiencies, e.g., requiring extra assumptions, lacking mechanism to describe the hesitation and randomness of assessment information simultaneously, ignoring the psychological effects of experts, and considering only three risk aspects among most of them. Hence, this work presents a novel concept of interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy clouds (IVIFCs), which combines the merit of interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy set in reflecting vagueness and hesitation of decision information and the strength of cloud model in manipulating randomness of quantitative information, and a new FMEA based on IVIFCs. Then, the individual bounded rationalities are determined by a developed weighting method considering both subjective and objective importance. Moreover, a hierarchical structure containing eight risk elements is established to identify risk orders of failures. Additionally, a well-defined Excel computational program is presented to reduce the calculation burden effectively. Finally, a real application of a machine tool is conducted by the proposed FMEA to illustrate its effectiveness and superiority.

Use of Quality Management Instruments in the Window Production Process

Abstract The article presents the results of research analyzing the level of use of quality assurance instruments. The use of quality management instruments refers to the production of windows based on PVC profiles. Based on the results of surveys, which were additionally verified by an extended expert interview, an analysis was made of the level of use of quality assurance instruments at individual stages of the technological process. The main conclusion of the analyzes is that the most commonly used quality instruments are Pareto-Lorenz analysis, Ishikawa diagram, control cards and the FMEA method.

International Experience in Business Processes Improving on the Base of Architectural Approach

Standardization is the pinnacle of the quality management instruments, which is vital for satisfying customer needs and ensuring sustainable development of business. The ISO 9001:2015 (Quality Management Systems, QMS) standard requires organizations to use the process approach. This paper proposes to use architectural approach for analysis and improvement of business processes for implementation of the ISO 9001:2015 standard. Keywords: business process, enterprise architecture, architectural approach, ISO 9001:2015, quality management system, standardization

Analysis of the causes of control panel inconsistencies in the gravitational casting process by means of quality management instruments

Abstract All castings can have defects caused by, for example, deviations in material characteristics, structure or properties, but the skillful use of available technologies and quality management tools allows for the detection and elimination of casting incompatibilities as well as the prevention of their recurrence in the future. The aim of the article was to analyse the types of defects in castings, locate the areas with the most frequent occurrence of defects and identify the reasons for the presence of defects in castings of the control panel and its cover. The paper presents the usefulness of a combination of quality management instruments for diagnosing material discontinuities in the analyzed castings.