Quality In Older Adults Research Articles

The Relationship between Plant-Based Diet Indices and Sleep Health in Older Adults: The Mediating Role of Depressive Symptoms and Anxiety.

The goal of our research was to determine the effects of plant-based dietary patterns on sleep health among older adults and to examine the parallel mediated effects of anxiety and depression. This investigation utilized data obtained from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) and contained 6853 participants. Logistic regression and the restricted cubic splines (RCSs) model were employed to examine how plant-based dietary patterns affect sleep health. Additionally, Amos 26.0 was used to construct a structural equation model to examine the parallel mediated effects of anxiety and depression. A higher plant-based diet index (PDI) was connected to higher odds of better sleep quality (OR = 1.209, 95% CI: 1.039-1.407) and sleep duration (OR = 1.241, 95% CI: 1.072-1.437). Conversely, an elevated unhealthy plant-based diet index (uPDI) was correlated with a lower likelihood of sleep quality (OR = 0.678, 95% CI: 0.574-0.800) and sleep duration (OR = 0.762, 95% CI: 0.647-0.896). The RCSs regression further identified a significant dose-response relationship. Mediation analysis confirmed that anxiety and depression partially mediate the relationship between plant-based diets and sleep health. Our study exhibited significant correlations between plant-based diets and sleep health in the elderly. Depression and anxiety were determined as parallel mediators between plant-based diets and sleep health. Controlling early dietary patterns and affective disorder could help improve sleep quality in older adults.

Investigating the Effect of a Multicomponent Exercise Program on Adropin, Endothelial Function, Insulin Resistance, and Sleep Quality in Overweight Older Adults (a Link With Physiological Indexes and Sleep Quality): Results of a Randomized Controlled Study.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of multicomponent training on adropin, endothelial function, insulin resistance, and sleep quality in overweight older adults. In this randomized controlled study, 40 overweight older adults were randomly divided into training and control groups. The multicomponent training program including aerobic, resistance, and balance exercise was followed for 8weeks, 3days a week. Study variables were measured 48hr before and after the intervention. After 8weeks of multicomponent training, adropin (p = .01), nitric oxide (p = .01), and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max; p = .002) increased, and glucose (p = .001), insulin (p = .001), insulin resistance (p = .01), systolic blood pressure (p = .01), and sleep disorders (p = .01) decreased significantly. Also, Pearson's test results showed a significant inverse relationship between adropin level (p = .01 and r = -.55) and glucose (p = .01 and r = -.51) with sleep disorders. It seems that multicomponent training increases adropin and improves insulin resistance, endothelial function, and sleep quality in older adults.

The influence of lighting and thermal environments on sleep and cognitive function in older adults

Recent research has demonstrated the significant influence of lighting and thermal conditions on cognitive performance and sleep quality. However, a notable gap exists in understanding how these factors impact older adults within their living environments. This study examined the relationship between daily lighting and thermal exposures with cognitive performance and sleep quality in older adults. Eighteen older adults, with a mean age of 75 (SD = 7.7, female = 13), participated in a three-day study. Throughout the protocol, their indoor lighting and thermal conditions were monitored using environmental sensors. Participants were instructed to complete a series of cognitive tasks twice a day. Additionally, they wore a smartwatch-type actigraph and a wearable light tracker to monitor their sleep/wake patterns and daily light exposure. The findings showed that appropriate nighttime lighting correlated with improved evening cognitive performance. Higher nighttime indoor lighting intensity positively correlated with cognitive measures, while nighttime correlated color temperature (CCT) exposure had negative correlations. Daytime melanopic equivalent daylight illuminance (MEDI) exposure significantly predicted total sleep time, with increased circadian-effective light exposure reducing sleep fragmentation. Conversely, higher nighttime lighting intensity was linked to decreased sleep efficiency. Higher bedroom temperatures were associated with improved sleep efficiency and reduced fragmentation. These findings highlight the importance of optimizing lighting conditions and maintaining comfortable temperatures in residential environments to promote cognitive performance and sleep quality among older adults.

Relationship Between Coronaphobia, Cognitive Functions, Sleep Quality, and Diet Quality in Older Adults During COVID-19

Relationship Between Coronaphobia, Cognitive Functions, Sleep Quality, and Diet Quality in Older Adults During COVID-19

Non invasive techniques for direct muscle quality assessment after exercise intervention in older adults: a systematic review

BackgroundThe aging process induces neural and morphological changes in the human musculoskeletal system, leading to a decline in muscle mass, strength and quality. These alterations, coupled with shifts in muscle metabolism, underscore the essential role of physical exercise in maintaining and improving muscle quality in older adults. Muscle quality's morphological domain encompasses direct assessments of muscle microscopic and macroscopic aspects of muscle architecture and composition. Various tools exist to estimate muscle quality, each with specific technical requirements. However, due to the heterogeneity in both the studied population and study methodologies, there is a gap in the establishment of reference standards to determine which are the non-invasive and direct tools to assess muscle quality after exercise interventions. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to obtain an overview of the non-invasive tools used to measure muscle quality directly after exercise interventions in healthy older adults, as well as to assess the effects of exercise on muscle quality.Main textTo address the imperative of understanding and optimizing muscle quality in aging individuals, this review provides an overview of non-invasive tools employed to measure muscle quality directly after exercise interventions in healthy older adults, along with an assessment of the effects of exercise on muscle quality.ResultsThirty four studies were included. Several methods of direct muscle quality assessment were identified. Notably, 2 studies harnessed CT, 20 utilized US, 9 employed MRI, 2 opted for TMG, 2 adopted myotonometry, and 1 incorporated BIA, with several studies employing multiple tests. Exploring interventions, 26 studies focus on resistance exercise, 4 on aerobic training, and 5 on concurrent training.ConclusionsThere is significant diversity in the methods of direct assessment of muscle quality, mainly using ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging; and a consistent positive trend in exercise interventions, indicating their efficacy in improving or preserving muscle quality. However, the lack of standardized assessment criteria poses a challenge given the diversity within the studied population and variations in methodologies.. These data emphasize the need to standardize assessment criteria and underscore the potential benefits of exercise interventions aimed at optimizing muscle quality.

Association between muscle quality and nutritional status among community-dwelling older adults: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Decline in muscle quality is associated with poorer health in community-dwelling older adults. Although there is evidence that malnutrition is associated with the decline of muscle quality in older adults, few analyses have considered important factors related to muscle quality. Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between muscle quality and nutritional status in community-dwelling older adults, taking into account muscle mass, muscle strength, and amount of physical activity. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Data were obtained from a health checkup program in Japan. Participants were older adults aged ≥65 years living in the community who participated in the health checkup program. The data collected were echo intensity, scores on the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria, skeletal muscle mass, grip strength, physical activity level, and demographic data. Multiple regression analysis was used to examine the association between muscle quality and nutritional status. Results: Data were analyzed for 50 participants (mean age 77.62 years, standard deviation 6.16 years, 78.0% women). Multiple regression analysis showed that nutritional status affected muscle quality even when various factors were taken into account (B = 6.95, β = 0.31, p = 0.04, 95% confidence interval: 0.01-0.62). Conclusion: The observed association suggests that providing nutritional support for older adults living in the community may be a useful strategy to maintain muscle quality.

Proposal and validation of a new approach in tele-rehabilitation with 3D human posture estimation: a randomized controlled trial in older individuals with sarcopenia

ObjectiveThrough a randomized controlled trial on older adults with sarcopenia, this study compared the training effects of an AI-based remote training group using deep learning-based 3D human pose estimation technology with those of a face-to-face traditional training group and a general remote training group.MethodsSeventy five older adults with sarcopenia aged 60–75 from community organizations in Changchun city were randomly divided into a face-to-face traditional training group (TRHG), a general remote training group (GTHG), and an AI-based remote training group (AITHG). All groups underwent a 3-month program consisting of 24-form Taichi exercises, with a frequency of 3 sessions per week and each session lasting 40 min. The participants underwent Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass Index (ASMI), grip strength, 6-meter walking pace, Timed Up and Go test (TUGT), and quality of life score (QoL) tests before the experiment, during the mid-term, and after the experiment. This study used SPSS26.0 software to perform one-way ANOVA and repeated measures ANOVA tests to compare the differences among the three groups. A significance level of p < 0.05 was defined as having significant difference, while p < 0.01 was defined as having a highly significant difference.Results(1) The comparison between the mid-term and pre-term indicators showed that TRHG experienced significant improvements in ASMI, 6-meter walking pace, and QoL (p < 0.01), and a significant improvement in TUGT timing test (p < 0.05); GTHG experienced extremely significant improvements in 6-meter walking pace and QoL (p < 0.01); AITHG experienced extremely significant improvements in ASMI, 6-meter walking pace, and QoL (p < 0.01), and a significant improvement in TUGT timing test (p < 0.05). (2) The comparison between the post-term and pre-term indicators showed that TRHG experienced extremely significant improvements in TUGT timing test (p < 0.01); GTHG experienced significant improvements in ASMI and TUGT timing test (p < 0.05); and AITHG experienced extremely significant improvements in TUGT timing test (p < 0.01). (3) During the mid-term, there was no significant difference among the groups in all tests (p > 0.05). The same was in post-term tests (p > 0.05).ConclusionCompared to the pre-experiment, there was no significant difference at the post- experiment in the recovery effects on the muscle quality, physical activity ability, and life quality of patients with sarcopenia between the AI-based remote training group and the face-to-face traditional training group. 3D pose estimation is equally as effective as traditional rehabilitation methods in enhancing muscle quality, functionality and life quality in older adults with sarcopenia.Trial registrationThe trial was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05767710).

Active Lifestyle Is Linked With Proper Sleep Quality in Older Adults Living Nursing Homes

Active Lifestyle Is Linked With Proper Sleep Quality in Older Adults Living Nursing Homes

Progress on Mental Health Policy to Improve Service Access and Quality for Older Adults: Recent Successes, Proposed Legislation, and Strategies for Sustainability

Progress on Mental Health Policy to Improve Service Access and Quality for Older Adults: Recent Successes, Proposed Legislation, and Strategies for Sustainability

Ingestion of β-nicotinamide mononucleotide increased blood NAD levels, maintained walking speed, and improved sleep quality in older adults in a double-blind randomized, placebo-controlled study.

The study evaluated how ingestion of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) for 12weeks by older adults affected blood nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD +) levels and physical function, particularly walking function. Information concerning sleep, and stress was also collected as secondary endpoints. In this randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group comparison study, 60 participants were randomly allocated into a placebo group or NMN group. Members of the NMN group consumed 250mg/day NMN for 12weeks. Motor function tests, blood NAD metabolite analysis, and questionnaires were conducted at the start of the study and 4 and 12weeks after intake. This trial was registered at umin.ac.jp/ctr as UMIN000047871 on June 22nd, 2022.At primary outcome, at both 4weeks and 12weeks, the NMN and placebo groups had no significant differences in a stepping test. At secondary outcomes, after 12weeks of NMN intake, the NMN group had a significantly shorter 4-m walking time than the placebo group as well as significantly higher blood levels of NAD + and its metabolites. A significant negative correlation was observed between the change in the 4-m walking time and the change in blood NAD + , N1-methyl-2-pridone-5-carboxamide (2-PY), and N1-methyl-4-pridone-3-carboxamide (4-PY) at 12weeks. The NMN group had improved sleep quality at 12weeks relative to the placebo group as evidenced by lower scores for "Daytime dysfunction" and "Global PSQI" on the Pittsburgh Sleep Questionnaire. No adverse effects related to test substance consumption were observed. Together, these results indicate that NMN intake could increase blood NAD + levels, maintain walking speed, and improve sleep quality in older adults. Interventions involving NMN aimed at maintaining walking speed could contribute to extended healthy life expectancy.

Association between Bone Quality and Physical Activity in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Bone quality is an essential factor determining bone strength. However, the relationship between physical activity (PA) and bone quality remains unclear. This study aimed to ascertain the relationship between bone quality and PA using a cortical bone quantitative ultrasound device that measures components of bone quality. In this cross-sectional study, bone quality was assessed in community-dwelling older adults by measuring the cortical speed of sound (cSOS) at the mid-tibia using a quantitative ultrasound device. Using a wrist-worn accelerometer, we calculated the daily duration of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and light physical activity (LPA) based on estimated METs from the accelerometer data, without differentiating between types of activities. A multiple regression analysis was performed to examine the association between PA and the cSOS. The participants' physical activity averaged 42.0 min/day for MVPA and 483.6 min/day for LPA. No significant association was observed between PA and bone quality in either men or women in the crude models. Furthermore, PA was not significantly correlated with the cSOS in the models adjusted for age, body mass index, nutrient intake, number of medications, and kidney disease. This study was a cross-sectional study which focused on the association between bone quality in older adults and their current amount of PA. The cSOS, as a measure of bone quality, was not associated with PA in men or women. Higher amounts of daily PA, as estimated from metabolic equivalents with an accelerometer, may not necessarily maintain or improve bone quality in older adults. This study does not rule out the potential for a positive association between PA levels or types and bone quality in younger or middle-aged individuals. It was specifically targeted at older adults, and its findings should not be generalized to younger populations. Further longitudinal studies are required to better understand the relationship between PA and bone quality.

The relationship between childhood adversity and sleep quality among rural older adults in China: the mediating role of anxiety and negative coping

BackgroundStudies have revealed the effects of childhood adversity, anxiety, and negative coping on sleep quality in older adults, but few studies have focused on the association between childhood adversity and sleep quality in rural older adults and the potential mechanisms of this influence. In this study, we aim to evaluate sleep quality in rural older adults, analyze the impact of adverse early experiences on their sleep quality, and explore whether anxiety and negative coping mediate this relationship.MethodsData were derived from a large cross-sectional study conducted in Deyang City, China, which recruited 6,318 people aged 65 years and older. After excluding non-agricultural household registration and lack of key information, a total of 3,873 rural older adults were included in the analysis. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to analyze the relationship between childhood adversity and sleep quality, and the mediating role of anxiety and negative coping.ResultsApproximately 48.15% of rural older adults had poor sleep quality, and older adults who were women, less educated, widowed, or living alone or had chronic illnesses had poorer sleep quality. Through structural equation model fitting, the total effect value of childhood adversity on sleep quality was 0.208 (95% CI: 0.146, 0.270), with a direct effect value of 0.066 (95% CI: 0.006, 0.130), accounting for 31.73% of the total effect; the total indirect effect value was 0.142 (95% CI: 0.119, 0.170), accounting for 68.27% of the total effect. The mediating effects of childhood adversity on sleep quality through anxiety and negative coping were significant, with effect values of 0.096 (95% CI: 0.078, 0.119) and 0.024 (95% CI: 0.014, 0.037), respectively. The chain mediating effect of anxiety and negative coping between childhood adversity and sleep quality was also significant, with an effect value of 0.022 (95% CI: 0.017, 0.028).ConclusionsAnxiety and negative coping were important mediating factors for rural older adult’s childhood adversity and sleep quality. This suggests that managing anxiety and negative coping in older adults may mitigate the negative effects of childhood adversity on sleep quality.

Poor-Quality Daily Social Encounters, Daily Stress, and Subjective Cognitive Decline Among Older Adults.

Although prior research has shown that social relationships and daily stress are strongly associated with cognitive function, few studies have explored the link between the quality of daily social encounters and subjective cognitive decline (SCD). The present study explores whether the quality of older adults' daily social encounters is associated with SCD through daily stress. This study used data from 254 adults aged 70 or older (M age = 76.5 years, SD = 4.4; 67.7% women) who completed the Einstein Aging Study, a 2-week experience sampling study. Multilevel mediation analyses were conducted to account for daily measurements nested within individuals. We tested the indirect effect of the quality of daily social encounters on SCD through daily stress levels. There was a significant positive association between ambivalent and neutral social encounters and daily stress levels at both the within- and between-person levels. Between-person daily stress was, in turn, associated with greater SCD. Specifically, there was a significant indirect path from ambivalent social encounters to SCD through daily stress. This study contributes to a more detailed understanding of how the quality of daily social encounters can influence cognition via increased exposure to daily stress. The findings suggest that emotional support may be crucial to preserving perceptions of older adults' cognitive functioning.

Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Geriatric Sleep Questionnaire (P-GSQ)

ABSTRACT Objective This study aimed to validate the Geriatric Sleep Questionnaire (GSQ) for assessing subjective sleep quality among elderly individuals in Iran. Methods The GSQ underwent evaluation for face and content validity. Participants were selected via convenience sampling from five healthcare centers. Sociodemographic variables, including gender, number of children, recreational activities, budget deficits, and family conflicts were analyzed. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to verify the results. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach’s α, and test-retest reliability was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Results 200 older adults (mean age 66.8 years) completed the questionnaires. Face and content validity were confirmed by 30 experts (S-CVI/average = 0.96). The final model exhibited good fit indices (χ2/df = 2.89, CFI = 0.96). The scale demonstrated acceptable internal consistency (α = 0.81) and test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.98). Conclusion The Persian GSQ demonstrates high reliability and validity for assessing sleep quality in older adults, aiding research in this field.

RETRACTION NOTICE: Sleep quality in older adults with arterial hypertension

RETRACTION NOTICE: Sleep quality in older adults with arterial hypertension

0750 Association Between Physical Activity and Sleep Quality in Older Adults and the Mediation of Pain

0750 Association Between Physical Activity and Sleep Quality in Older Adults and the Mediation of Pain

Integrating non‐pharmacological interventions for enhancing sleep quality in older adults: Insights from the ‘Ease Through the Pandemic’ initiative

Integrating <scp>non‐pharmacological</scp> interventions for enhancing sleep quality in older adults: Insights from the ‘Ease Through the Pandemic’ initiative

Midpoint of sleep is associated with sleep quality in older adults with and without symptomatic Alzheimer's disease.

Disrupted sleep is common in individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and may be a marker for AD risk. The timing of sleep affects sleep-wake activity and is also associated with AD, but little is known about links between sleep architecture and the midpoint of sleep in older adults. In this study, we tested if the midpoint of sleep is associated with different measures of sleep architecture, AD biomarkers, and cognitive status among older adults with and without symptomatic AD. Participants (N = 243) with a mean age of 74 underwent standardized cognitive assessments, measurement of CSF AD biomarkers, and sleep monitoring via single-channel EEG, actigraphy, a home sleep apnea test, and self-reported sleep logs. The midpoint of sleep was defined by actigraphy. A later midpoint of sleep was associated with African-American race and greater night-to-night variability in the sleep midpoint. After adjusting for multiple potential confounding factors, a later sleep midpoint was associated with longer rapid-eye movement (REM) onset latency, decreased REM sleep time, more actigraphic awakenings at night, and higher < 2 Hz non-REM slow-wave activity. Noninvasive in vivo markers of brain function, such as sleep, are needed to track both future risk of cognitive impairment and response to interventions in older adults at risk for AD. Sleep timing is associated with multiple other sleep measures and may affect their utility as markers of AD. The midpoint of sleep may be changed through behavioral intervention and should be taken into account when using sleep as a marker for AD risk.

Effectiveness of multi-modal home-based videoconference interventions on sleep in older adults: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Aging is characterized by substantial changes in sleep architecture that negatively impact fitness, quality of life, mood, and cognitive functioning. Older adults often fail to reach the recommended level of physical activity to prevent the age-related decline in sleep function, partly because of geographical barriers. Implementing home-based interventions could surmount these obstacles, thereby encouraging older adults to stay active, with videoconference administration emerging as a promising solution. Increasing the availability of biological rhythms synchronizers, such as physical activity, light exposure, or vestibular stimulation, represents a viable non-pharmacological strategy for entraining circadian rhythms and potentially fortifying the sleep-wake cycle, thereby enhancing sleep in aging. This study aims to (1) assess the impact of remote physical exercise training and its combination with bright light exposure, and (2) investigate the specific contribution of galvanic vestibular stimulation, to sleep quality among healthy older adults with sleep complaints. One hundred healthy older adults aged 60-70 years with sleep complaints will be randomly allocated to one of four groups: a physical exercise training group (n = 25), a physical exercise training combined with bright light exposure group (n = 25), a galvanic vestibular stimulation group (n = 25) or a control group (i.e., health education) (n = 25). While physical exercise training and health education will be supervised via videoconference at home, bright light exposure (for the physical exercise training combined with bright light exposure group) and vestibular stimulation will be self-administered at home. Pre-and post-tests will be conducted to evaluate various parameters, including sleep (polysomnography, subjective questionnaires), circadian rhythms (actigraphy, temperature), fitness (physical: VO2 peak, muscular function; and motor: balance, and functional mobility), cognition (executive function, long-term memory), quality of life and mood (anxiety and depression). The findings will be anticipated to inform the development of recommendations and non-pharmaceutical preventive strategies for enhancing sleep quality in older adults, potentially leading to improvements in fitness, cognition, quality of life, and mood throughout aging.

Lack of vitamin D signalling in mesenchymal progenitors causes fatty infiltration in muscle.

Recent studies have indicated the importance of muscle quality in addition to muscle quantity in sarcopenia pathophysiology. Intramuscular adipose tissue (IMAT), which originates from mesenchymal progenitors (MPs) in adult skeletal muscle, is a key factor affecting muscle quality in older adults, suggesting that controlling IMAT formation is a promising therapeutic strategy for sarcopenia. However, the molecular mechanism underlying IMAT formation in older adults has not been clarified. We recently found that the vitamin D receptor (VDR) is highly expressed in MPs in comparison to myotubes (P=0.028, N=3), indicating a potential role of vitamin D signalling in MPs. In this study, we aimed to clarify the role of vitamin D signalling in MP kinetics, with a focus on adipogenesis. MPs isolated from mouse skeletal muscles were subjected to adipogenic differentiation conditions with or without vitamin D (1α,25(OH)2D3, 100nM) for 7days, and adipogenicity was evaluated based on adipogenic marker expression. For in vivo analysis, tamoxifen-inducible MP-specific VDR-deficient (VdrMPcKO) mice were newly developed to investigate whether lack of vitamin D signalling in MPs is involved in IMAT formation. To induce muscle atrophy, VdrMPcKO male mice were subjected to tenotomy of the gastrocnemius muscle, and then muscle weight, myofibre cross-sectional area, adipogenic marker expression, and fatty infiltration into the muscle were evaluated at 3weeks after operation (N=3-4). In addition, a vitamin D-deficient diet was provided to wild-type male mice (3 and 20months of age, N=5) for 3months to investigate whether vitamin D deficiency causes IMAT formation. Vitamin D treatment nearly completely inhibited adipogenesis of MPs through Runx1-mediated transcriptional modifications of early adipogenic factors such as PPARγ (P=0.0031) and C/EBPα (P=0.0027), whereas VDR-deficient MPs derived from VdrMPcKO mice differentiated into adipocytes even in the presence of vitamin D (P=0.0044, Oil-Red O+ area). In consistency with in-vitro findings, VdrMPcKO mice and mice fed a vitamin D-deficient diet exhibited fat deposition in atrophied (P=0.0311) and aged (P=0.0216) skeletal muscle, respectively. Vitamin D signalling is important to prevent fate decision of MPs towards the adipogenic lineage. As vitamin D levels decline with age, our data indicate that decreased vitamin D levels may be one of the causes of IMAT formation in older adults, and vitamin D signalling may be a novel therapeutic target for sarcopenia.