Quality In Nigeria Research Articles

TAX PERFORMANCE AND QUALITY OF GOVERNANCE IN NIGERIA

Government cannot run in isolation, they need revenue to run their operations and one of the sources of this revenue is taxation. Despite government lamentations of a lack of funds for infrastructure development, there is a scarcity of literature in Nigeria on how tax performances may influence the quality of governance. This study examined the impact of tax performance on the quality of governance in Nigeria. Data for the study were taken from the OECD, the World Bank, and the Central Bank of Nigeria's annual reports, and the research design used is ex-post facto. The Hausman test was employed to analyze the data collected after subjecting it to the unit root test. Tax performance is proxy by company income tax, personal income tax, and value-added tax while the corruption perception index was used as a proxy for quality of governance. This study's findings revealed that the quality of governance and personal income tax are positively and significantly related, with a p-value of 0.0000, a t-statistic of 6.320390, and coefficients of 0.200227. This study's findings revealed that quality of governance and company income tax are negatively and significantly related, with a p-value of 0.0000, t-statistic of -9.743164, and coefficients of -0.228796. However, this study's findings revealed that the quality of governance and value-added tax are not related, with a p-value of 0.3252, a t-statistic of -0.984622, and a coefficient of -0.033803. This study concluded that tax performance had a significant impact on governance quality in Nigeria. This study recommends that taxation if appropriately controlled will improve the quality of governance, create jobs in the country, lower inflation, and boost economic growth.

Leveraging AI-Driven IoT Systems for Enhanced Air Quality Management in Nigeria: An Impact Examination towards Sustainable Development Goal

This paper conducts a comprehensive analysis of the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-driven Internet of Things (IoT) systems on air quality management in Nigeria. The study examines the current state of air quality in Nigeria, highlighting prevailing challenges, health implications, and the environmental significance of escalating pollution levels. It delves into the existing conventional methods and technologies utilized for air quality management, emphasizing monitoring systems, regulatory frameworks, and pollution control measures. In addition, this review elucidates the integration of AI and IoT technologies globally in addressing environmental concerns, particularly in the realm of air quality management. It specifically zooms into the emergence and adoption of AI-driven IoT systems within Nigeria’s environmental landscape, spotlighting ongoing initiatives or projects. This review seeks to investigate the implementation and consequences of AI-powered Internet of Things (IoT) systems in air quality management within Nigeria context. It bridges existing knowledge gaps by scrutinizing the effectiveness of these advanced systems in mitigating air pollution and assesses the challenges encountered in practical implementation, encompassing technical, regulatory, and socio-economic barrier.

Renewable energy consumption, financial development and environmental quality in Nigeria

The paper investigates the renewable energy consumption-environmental quality nexus using the FMOLS time-series analysis for Nigeria from 1981 to 2021. The findings indicated that nonrenewable energy consumption had an inverse and significant effect on environmental quality, while renewable energy consumption had a positive and significant impact on envi- ronmental quality. Financial development, on the other hand, had no significant effect on en- vironmental quality. As a result, the study suggests an appropriate policy-mix approach to ensure environmental quality in Nigeria. Furthermore, Nigeria should broaden its energy sources, specifically diversify to cleaner energy sources to guarantee environmental quality.

Leveraging AI-Driven IoT Systems for Enhanced Air Quality Management in Nigeria: An Impact Examination towards Sustainable Development Goal

This paper conducts a comprehensive analysis of the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-driven Internet of Things (IoT) systems on air quality management in Nigeria. The study examines the current state of air quality in Nigeria, highlighting prevailing challenges, health implications, and the environmental significance of escalating pollution levels. It delves into the existing conventional methods and technologies utilized for air quality management, emphasizing monitoring systems, regulatory frameworks, and pollution control measures. In addition, this review elucidates the integration of AI and IoT technologies globally in addressing environmental concerns, particularly in the realm of air quality management. It specifically zooms into the emergence and adoption of AI-driven IoT systems within Nige- ria’s environmental landscape, spotlighting ongoing initiatives or projects. This review seeks to investigate the implementation and consequences of AI-powered Internet of Things (IoT) systems in air quality management within Nigeria context. It bridges existing knowledge gaps by scrutinizing the effectiveness of these advanced systems in mitigating air pollution and assesses the challenges encountered in practical implementation, encompassing technical, regulatory, and socio-economic barrier.

Evaluating Public Procurement's Challenges in Nigeria's Construction Industry

The article explores the challenges faced by public project management in Nigeria, focusing on the procurement process and its potential improvements. The research used a survey and descriptive design, collecting data from 125 procurement offices and federal Ministry of Works professionals. The study found that poor risk management, dark purchasing, corruption, and lack of transparency were the top issues, with a mean score of 4.96. The study also found that the procurement process and industry, economy, and project quality had a joint influence on the dependent variables. The study rejected the null hypothesis, stating that the procurement process significantly impacts the industry, economy, and project quality in Nigeria. The research recommends implementing measures to improve the procurement process and punishing offenders to reduce fraud. The study concludes that the procurement process in Nigeria significantly impacts the industry, economy, and project quality.

Artificial Neural Network Prediction Model for Maternal Health Services Quality in Nigeria

This study presents an innovative approach in predicting the quality of maternal health services in Nigeria using artificial neural networks (ANNs). It focuses on a binary classification task in categorizing maternal health services facilities into "High_Quality" and "Low_Quality" classes. Dataset was collected from diverse healthcare facilities in Nigeria through a WHO Health Resources and Services Availability Monitoring System (HeRAMS) cross sectional-survey report. The collected data was preprocessed; the ANN architecture was developed and trained using back-propagation method. The network was modeled using feed-forward modeling approach with 16 variables at the input layer, 2 hidden layers of 65 and 55 neurons each, and an output of 2 neurons. Hence, 87.17% accuracy with only 2.48% deviation at the 50 epoch was achieved. The model's performance was evaluated using standard metrics of accuracy (87%), precision (88%), recall (89%), and F1-score (88%) to assess its ability to accurately classify maternal health services facilities. The findings of the study can have significant implications to policymakers, healthcare providers, and maternal health advocates to optimize healthcare resources and achieve better maternal health outcomes in Nigeria. Data availability, potential biases in the data, and the subjective nature of some quality-related indicators were acknowledged as limitations. However, despite these challenges, the ANN classification model remains a valuable tool for supporting decision-making in maternal healthcare facility delivery service in Nigeria. Artificial neural network, Binary classification, Health services, Maternal health, Predictive modeling

Industrial Sector Growth and Institutional Quality in Nigeria: Comparative Analyses of Economic, Financial, and Political Institutions

Industrial Sector Growth and Institutional Quality in Nigeria: Comparative Analyses of Economic, Financial, and Political Institutions

A review of the status, challenges, trends, and prospects of groundwater quality assessment in Nigeria: an evidence-based meta-analysis approach.

With the imminent industrial growth and population increase, Nigeria will continue to experience significant shifts in the quality of water, with a rise in emerging contaminants. This will increase the irregularity and complexity of the water quality information. Therefore, using the PRISMA meta-analysis approach, this review systematically identified the commonly used water quality assessment techniques in Nigeria, the drawback in the application of these techniques as well as the gaps in the area of water quality assessment and monitoring from 2003 to 2023. Recommendations were also made based on the evaluation of a new research direction; through the review of the effectiveness of advanced techniques for monitoring water quality in Nigeria. Sixty-eight published articles were chosen for the meta-analysis while the VOSviewer program was used to perform bibliographic coupling and visualization. The review revealed that the application of machine learning in water quality prediction has not been well explored in Nigeria. This is attributed to limited data availability and poor funding by the government. It was found that southwestern Nigeria has a greater amount of research on groundwater quality monitoring and evaluation than other regions. The variability was explained by variations in the underlying geology, aquifer features; variability in anthropogenic activities, and level of literacy among various geopolitical zones. Further studies should focus on the application of soft-computing and integrated biomonitoring techniques for effective prediction and monitoring of emerging contaminants for improved water quality. Effective collaboration between environmental stakeholders and government agencies is recommended for effective water resource sustainability.

Macroeconomic Policy, Institutional Quality and Inclusive growth in Nigeria

The inability of macroeconomic policy in influencing macroeconomic indicators in Nigeria has been attributed to weak institutional quality which has consequences for the achievement of inclusive growth. Thus, this study investigates the link between macroeconomic policy, inclusive growth, and institutional quality in Nigeria. The period of this study spanned 1996 to 2021. The study utilised fully modified ordinary least square and the results showed that macroeconomic policy variables and institutional quality contributed significantly in enhancing inclusive growth in Nigeria. More so, it was observed that the interactive terms between macroeconomic policy variables and institutional quality enhanced inclusive growth Therefore, the study concludes that macroeconomic policy and institutional quality are important drivers of inclusive growth in Nigeria. This study recommends that institutional quality should be improved using appropriate anti-corruption policies through institutions like the Economic and Financial Crime Commission (EFCC) and the Independent Corrupt Practices and Other Related Offences Commission (ICPC).

Impact of IPSAS Adoption on Financial Reporting Quality in Nigeria: A Case of South-Western Nigeria

The study investigated the effect of IPSAS Adoption of financial reporting quality using the six south western states in Nigeria. The public service in the six states of the south western Nigeria is the focus of the study. A total of 400 respondents are covered in the survey and professional staff like auditors and accountants in the public service form the nucleus of the respondents. Well-structured questionnaire was constructed and administered. The data harvested was analyzed using Structural Equation Modelling. Findings from the analysis revealed that. Generally, the adoption of IPSASs contributed to an improvement in financial reporting quality in the sample States. It is however recommended that all states in the federation should migrate to full implementation of accrual based IPSASs accounting systems because of its positive effect on financial reporting quality.

The Threshold level of Institutional Quality in the Nexus between Financial Development and Environmental Sustainability in Nigeria

Empirics on the relationship between financial development and environmental sustainability remain ambiguous in the literature. The threshold level at which institutional quality facilitates the relationship between financial development and environmental sustainability in respect to the Nigerian economy is still an open question. This study investigates the threshold level of institutional quality in the link between financial development and environmental sustainability in Nigeria from 1986 to 2020. Times series threshold autoregression technique was applied to determine the threshold level of institutional quality. The result of the threshold revealed that 4.32 is the threshold level of institutional quality in Nigeria. Below the threshold level financial development is not stimulated to improve environmental sustainability but above the threshold level institutional quality stimulates financial development to improve environmental sustainability. This study suggests that institutional credibility and transparency should be enhanced beyond the threshold level to effect the needed change in increasing environmental preservation in Nigeria.

Evaluating the ecological consequences of heavy metal contamination in soil induced by spent engine oil and palm oil mill effluents for sustainable development

<p>This study assessed the ecological consequences of heavy metal contamination in soil induced by spent engine oil (SEO) and palm oil mill effluents (POME) in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Concentrations of zinc, nickel, mercury, manganese, lead, iron, copper, chromium, and cadmium were analyzed across contaminated and uncontaminated sites. The research, conducted at Ebonyi State University’s Presco Campus, employed rigorous sampling and analytical methods. Results revealed that soil contaminated with spent engine oil effluent exhibited elevated mean concentrations of zinc, nickel, manganese, lead, iron, copper, chromium, and cadmium compared to the palm oil mill effluent and control sites. Conversely, mercury concentrations were higher in soil contaminated with palm oil mill effluent. Comparative analyses highlighted unique dynamics, such as lead concentrations being highest at the control site, challenging general trends observed for other metals. Importantly, none of the mean concentrations exceeded the WHO acceptable limits at the time of the study, indicating compliance with internationally recognized safety thresholds. The findings underscore the need for tailored environmental management strategies, considering specific contaminants associated with each effluent type. Continuous monitoring is crucial to ensure sustained adherence to safety standards and prevent potential future exceedances. This study contributes a valuable understanding of the nuanced ecological impact of industrial effluents on soil quality in Nigeria, emphasizing the importance of sustainable practices for environmental protection.</p>

Validation of the Donabedian Model of Health Service Quality in Selected States in Nigeria.

Every citizen of a nation has the basic constitutional right to quality health care. However, there is a dearth of literature on the validity and reliability of the Donabedian conceptual model of health service quality in Nigeria. The current paper focused on validating the Donabedian model of quality health service in selected states in Nigeria. This is a prospective study of 479 health workforce consisting of 204 physicians, 180 nurses, and 95 health information management officers in three geopolitical zones in Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was used to select respondents. Data were collected through a semi-structured questionnaire with a response rate of 87%. The overall reliability test of the variables yielded α =0.938. Data gathered was analyzed descriptively for the socio-demographic characteristics and Relative Importance Index (RII) to rank the criteria according to their relative importance. Findings from the study reveal that the (RII) of all the items in the study instrument exceeded the universally acceptable threshold of 0.5, indicating a high level of care in Federal Tertiary Hospitals in Nigeria with regards to structure, process, and outcomes. The study underscored the need for the adoption of the Donabedian model in the three other geopolitical zones in Nigeria for a generalized conclusion on the validity and reliability of the Donabedian conceptual model of health service quality. We recommended that research studies on health service quality should be anchored on Donabedian conceptual model as a way to increase awareness of the relevance of the model in improving clinical care in Nigeria.

A Comparative Analysis of Sustainability Committee Attributes and Reporting Quality in Nigeria and South Africa

A Comparative Analysis of Sustainability Committee Attributes and Reporting Quality in Nigeria and South Africa

International Public Sector Accounting Standards Implementation Resources and Government Financial Reporting Quality: The Moderating Influence of Institutional Culture

This study investigates the relationship between accrual-based IPSAS implementation resources and government financial reporting quality in Nigeria. The accrual-based IPSAS implementation resources examined include professionalism, information technology infrastructure, legal framework and stakeholder management while government financial reporting quality was captured using relevance, faithful representation, understandability, comparability and timeliness. A cross-sectional survey research design was adopted for this study using a questionnaire. A census of the entire population of the Accountant Generals and the Auditor Generals of the thirty-six states of the federation, amounting to a finite population of seventy-two people was taken. 67 copies of the questionnaire were retrieved out of which 66 copies were validly filled and usable for data analysis. Data collected through questionnaire administration were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequency distribution, mean and standard deviation. The ordinary least squares regression model was estimated to determine the impact of accrual-based IPSAS implementation resources on government financial reporting quality in Nigeria. The analyses were carried out with the aid of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS version 24) and Eviews 8.0 software. All hypotheses were tested at a 5% level of significance. The study found that professionalism, IT infrastructure, legal framework and stakeholder management significantly impact government financial reporting quality in Nigeria. Similarly, the study revealed that institutional culture does partially moderate the relationship between accrual IPSAS implementation resources and government financial reporting quality in Nigeria. The study recommends that comprehensive training and re-training of accountants, auditors and other relevant stakeholders responsible for the preparation of financial statements should be done to build the human capital stocks required for efficient operations.

Globalisation and Manufacturing Sector Performance: The Role of Institutional Quality in Nigeria

Globalisation and Manufacturing Sector Performance: The Role of Institutional Quality in Nigeria

Globalisation and manufacturing sector performance: the role of institutional quality in Nigeria

Globalisation and manufacturing sector performance: the role of institutional quality in Nigeria

Low Carbon Development in Support of Improving Environmental Quality in Nigeria

The importance of technology advancements in Low Carbon Development (LCD) and their significant effects on both environmental sustainability and economic growth are highlighted in this abstract. The transformational role of innovations is highlighted by examining them in several sectors, such as waste management, carbon capture, energy efficiency, renewable energy, and sustainable transportation. In addition to reducing carbon emissions, these inventions support the development of a green economy, job creation, and economic resilience. According to the abstract, as countries—including Nigeria—adopt technological solutions, they are paving the way for a peaceful coexistence of environmental sustainability and economic growth.

A comparative analysis of road and vehicle qualities as factors of road traffic carnage in Nigeria

Background and objectiveCarnage on roads is a growing concern in Nigeria. Over 27 persons, equivalent to more than 4 families, die daily from road traffic crashes. Two direct factors of a road crash are road quality and vehicle quality. To interrogate and compare both factors to road traffic accidents, the longitudinal study regressed secondary data on death tolls against road quality and vehicle quality.Materials and methodsData on the estimated number of vehicles imported into Nigeria (1992–2021) served as the indicator of vehicle quality on Nigerian roads. The longitudinal study regressed secondary data on death tolls (2013–2019) against road quality (2006–2019) and vehicle quality (1992–2021).ResultsResults showed that road quality is degenerating as well as vehicle quality in Nigeria, resulting in increase in the number of road traffic crashes and the attendant death tolls. For every 1% decrease in road quality, death tolls from road traffic crashes in Nigeria increased by 0.00642% at 5% significance, and for every decrease in vehicle quality, death tolls from road traffic crashes in Nigeria increased by 0.327% at 5% significance.ConclusionThe study recommended increased advocacy on the sanctity of life and the need for all tiers of government to prioritize policy and implementation of improving the road quality and vehicle quality to reduce road traffic crashes and save lives on Nigerian roads.

Forest regrowth improves people’s dietary quality in Nigeria

Two billion people currently suffer from micronutrient deficiencies. Existing literature shows that forests can improve people’s dietary quality—yet forests are often overlooked in food security policies, which focus primarily on the production of staple crops. The Bonn Challenge has set a goal of restoring 350 million ha of forest by 2030, but it remains unclear whether restored forests will exhibit the species diversity needed to improve diets in the same way as existing forests. Here, we report how forest regrowth in Nigeria has affected people’s dietary quality. We combine a new map on forest regrowth with food consumption panel data from over 1100 households—and use a combination of regression and weighting analyses to generate quasi-experimental quantitative estimates of the impacts of forest regrowth on people’s food intake. We find that people living in areas where forest regrowth has occurred have a higher intake of fruits and vegetables and thus higher dietary diversity.