Quality Assurance In Monitoring Research Articles

Study path analyses for quality assurance and support of study planning

AbstractUtilizing student lifecycle data provided by campus management systems yields the opportunity to conduct study path analyses. Methods of artificial intelligence (AI) and data science can be used to analyze study paths, identify indicators for success, and gain insights into problems and issues of student cohorts following different study paths. Meanwhile, AI can also be used to support students through informed study planning. This article presents the project AIStudyBuddy with its focus on utilizing rule-based AI and process mining to support study planning and cohort monitoring. The concept of a reference architecture and data model for study path analytics as well as details on the development of the two user applications, StudyBuddy for students and BuddyAnalytics for study program designers, are presented. By exploring how AI and process mining can be applied in the scope of the two applications, the article addresses the question of how AI can be used for quality assurance in study planning and student cohort monitoring.

A Review Article on Analytical Method on Vericiguat

Vericiguat is a novel oral soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) stimulator used in the treatment of chronic heart failure, aimed at reducing hospitalization rates and improving cardiac function by inducing vasodilation. The analysis of Vericiguat in pharmaceutical formulations and biological fluids requires robust and precise analytical methods. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and UV-Visible Spectrophotometry are the primary techniques employed for this purpose due to their high specificity, sensitivity, and rapid analysis capabilities. This review discusses the development, validation, and application of these analytical methods for Vericiguat. Various HPLC methods have been developed, utilizing different columns, mobile phases, and detection wavelengths to ensure the accurate quantification of Vericiguat in bulk and tablet dosage forms. UV-Visible spectrophotometry has also been employed, offering a simpler and cost-effective alternative for routine analysis. The review consolidates the key parameters and findings of these methods, highlighting their advantages and suitability for the effective analysis of Vericiguat, thereby contributing to quality assurance in pharmaceutical development and therapeutic monitoring

Standardized quality assurance and control in aquatic biological monitoring: Dynamics and outlook in China

Standardized quality assurance and control in aquatic biological monitoring: Dynamics and outlook in China

Effect of Quality Control on Implementation of Construction Projects in Rwanda: A Case Study of Horizon Construction Ltd, Gikondo to Rebero Road (2019-2022)

Since the 1987 World Commission on Environment and Development, project sustainability is increasingly becoming a critical element in project management. The increasing need for new project interventions means that donors are not prepared to keep investing scarce resources in the same projects for a long time, which calls for prioritization of sustainability throughout the project processes. This research project is based on a research project carried out in the horizon construction, focusing on effect of quality control in implementation of construction projects in Rwanda: the research has the following objectives: to find out factors consider in Plan qualities of project in horizon construction, to view the Perform quality assurance in monitoring and controlling of project, to view the Perform quality control help in executing of project. The researcher described the definition of key term and also usage of Project quality management, Competitive market and research used a sample size of 106 respondents from in horizon construction finance department and top management. The research was use questionnaires to collect data Then research conclude by saying that help in evaluating of the performance of business as well as certifying areas of improvement in horizon construction. Project quality management is performed to know the company Competitive market, investment profitability projections, and understanding the corporate financial position in terms of asset and liability comparisons from the balance sheet. Table presents the respondents opinion on reason of The visibility of the premise are checked to assure the availability of the premises, Rwanda with the mean of 4.42 percentage 93.4% Research findings also shows The major reason of quality control strategy in horizon construction are Perform Quality Assurance with mean of 4.43 at the average of 91.5%. Competitive market as dependent variable for this study is made during investment analysis to accept or reject a project by looking at reporting of the project management on profit and loss as well as calculate net present values of a project. Keywords: Quality Control, Implementation of Construction

Analysis of the Strategies of Quality Assurance and Quality Control in Environmental Monitoring

Analysis of the Strategies of Quality Assurance and Quality Control in Environmental Monitoring

Rationale for Quality Assurance in Fecal Egg Monitoring of Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis.

Substantial investment has been made into the once “neglected” tropical disease, soil-transmitted helminthiasis, and into control programs that operate within a framework of mapping baseline disease distribution, measuring the effectiveness of applied interventions, establishing when to cease drug administration, and for posttreatment evaluations. However, critical to each of these stages is the determination of helminth infection. The limitations of traditional microscope-based fecal egg diagnostics have not provided quality assurance in the monitoring of parasite disease and suboptimal treatment regimes provide for the potential development of parasite resistance to anthelmintic drugs. Improved diagnostic and surveillance tools are required to protect therapeutic effectiveness and to maintain funder confidence. Such tools may be on the horizon with emergent technologies that offer potential for enhanced visualization and quality-assured quantitation of helminth eggs.

Quality assurance and quality control in environmental radioactivity monitoring

To assure that radiological monitoring is reasonably valid, organisations performing such measurements have found it necessary to establish quality assurance (QA) and quality control (QC) programs. These programs are needed to identify deficiencies in the sampling and measurement processes. In addition, validation of the monitoring aims to prove whether the results are acceptable. The major aim of QA and QC in analytical laboratories is to address measures used to verify the validity of the final results. In the document ISO 17025 the requirements on how to achieve QA and QC in analytical laboratories is described. All proposed measures for QC/QA are implemented in the Radiation and Environment Protection Department of Institute for Nuclear Sciences in Vinca, Belgrade. This paper presents the summarisation and analysis of QC and QA measures undertaken by the Laboratory for Environmental and Radiation Protection of the Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences. Total of 6 months of QC/QA charts are presented in this paper for 2 HPGe gamma spectrometry detectors and one gross alpha/beta detector. The data were analysed and conclusions were made concerning the stability of the measurement systems. In cases of unsatisfactory behaviour of the system, some correctional measures are proposed and conducted and the effect on the measurement system is discussed.

Quality assurance in individual monitoring: A summary of the EURADOS survey 2012

EURADOS Working Group 2 (WG2) on Harmonization of Individual Monitoring is a network of individual monitoring services (IMSs) that aims to promote quality, technical excellence and good practice in European Member States. To help to improve quality, in 2012 EURADOS WG2 carried out a survey of IMSs in Europe. The survey was sent to about 170 IMS and included questions on: the use of formal quality assurance (QA) standards, QA in dosimetry, matters of practice, and common sources of error. The present paper summarises the main findings of the survey, and compares them with those of an earlier study (2003). The survey found that profile of QA is high amongst the responding IMSs, and that most are following good practice. A majority of services comply with formal quality standards and good attention is paid to traceability, method validation and proficiency testing. There are some areas where lessons can be learned, for example in the assessment of measurement uncertainty; and it remains very instructive to see what the main causes of error are for IMSs in general.

Future monitoring and research needs for forest ecosystems in a changing environment: an introduction

In order to identify future monitoring and research needs, a COST Strategic workshop on the role of “Forest ecosystems in a changing environment” assembled nearly 180 scientists from 30 countries in Istanbul on 11-13 March 2008. The workshop specifically tackled the fields of climate change and forests, ozone, atmospheric deposition and critical loads, biodiversity, as well as quality assurance in forest monitoring.

Quality Assurance in ecological monitoring—towards a unifying perspective

Quality Assurance in ecological monitoring—towards a unifying perspective

Harmonisation and dosimetric quality assurance in individual monitoring for external radiation.

The current situation amongst Member States is that there are widely differing national requirements for dosimetric services and for dosemeter performance. It is clear that with the free movement of workers within the European Union (EU) and the requirements for individual dosimetry given in Council Directive 96/29 EURATOM, a degree of harmonisation of requirements and procedures of EU Member States would be desirable. A EURADOS action group, made up of members from each of the EU Member States plus Switzerland, was set up with the overall objectives of consolidating within the EU the quality of individual monitoring using personal dosemeters and assisting movement towards harmonised procedures. An outline of the work of the action group is given and the term 'harmonisation' is discussed.

EURADOS trial performance test for personal dosemeters for external beta radiation.

On the initiative of the European Dosimetry Group (EURADOS) action group 'Harmonisation and Dosimetric Quality Assurance in Individual Monitoring for External Radiation' a trial performance test for whole-body and extremity personal dosemeters broadly representative of those in use in the EU was accomplished. This paper deals with the part of the performance test concerned with exposure to beta radiation. Fifteen dosimetric services participated with whole-body dosemeters intended to measure beta doses (Hp(0.07)) of which 13 used thermoluminescent (TL) detectors and two used photographic films. Eight services participated with extremity dosemeters which all used TL detectors. A description is given of the irradiation set-up, the characteristics of the irradiation fields, the calibration quantity applied and the performance criteria used for the evaluation of the results. The paper discusses in detail the results obtained from the exercise. In particular, based on the replies to a questionnaire issued to each participant, the results are analysed in relation to important design characteristics of the dosemeters taking part in the test.

Quality assurance in biological monitoring of environmental exposure to pollutants: from reference materials to external quality assessment schemes

The presence of chemicals in the environment is a matter of concern in that it poses potential health risks. At present, exposure to toxic chemicals and their biological and biochemical effects can be better estimated by biological monitoring, through the systematic collection of specimens from potentially exposed humans. Biological monitoring of human exposure to environmental pollutants is hampered by the difficulty to assess data reliability. As a consequence, the validity of biological monitoring should depend on the strict implementation of a quality assurance (QA) program, which includes a series of procedures aiming to ensure that laboratory results meet defined standards of quality and are reliable. For the validation and monitoring of methods’ performance, to ensure the trueness of measurements and to warrant the traceability to international standards, reference materials (RMs) and certified reference materials should be used. Internal quality control and external quality assessment (EQA) are part of overall QA and are carried out to verify that analytical errors are compatible with the specific requirements or needs of the user. In particular EQA schemes (EQAS) allow to test independently the analytical performance of participating laboratories. In the last decades, increasing concern has been raised by urban air pollution; lead and benzene, two gasoline components released by motor vehicle exhausts, are known to be toxic to humans. For biological monitoring of lead exposure of the general population, screening campaigns, utilizing lead in blood as a biomarker, have been carried out since the 1970s. Strict strategies were adopted to ensure data comparability, including the preparation of RMs, the organization of EQAS and the cross-exchange and analysis of blood samples between laboratories. Biological monitoring of benzene exposure could be carried out by means of various biomarkers such as benzene in blood and benzene, trans,trans-muconic acid (t,t-MA) and S-phenylmercapturic acid (S-PMA) in urine. At present, few RMs and EQAS are available for these biomarkers. A pilot EQAS for t,t-MA in urine, adopted to assess the reliability of data regarding benzene exposure, has been organized and carried out between 1996 and 1997 in Italy. From the accrued experience, it clearly emerges the importance of strategies designed to guarantee the quality of biological monitoring data. The use of RMs and the participation in EQAS are highly recommended in order to improve the global performance of methods and laboratories involved in biological monitoring.

A Catalogue of Dosemeters and Dosimetric Services Within EU Member States and Switzerland able to Estimate External Radiation Doses as Personal Dose Equivalent

The purpose of this paper is to present an overview of dosemeters and dosimetric services within EU member states and Switzerland which are able to estimate external radiation doses as personal dose equivalent, H P (d) The total number of dosimetric services in the EU and Switzerland is estimated to be approximately 200. Questionnaires requesting information on various topics concerning the dosimetric systems used, were sent to these services Of the dosimetric services that responded, 45 reported that they estimate the external radiation doses as personal dose equivalent, H P (10) and H P (0.07) The majority of these services use thermoluminescence dosemeters (TLDs). From the results of this study combined with some information from other studies, it can be estimated that roughly 50% of the radiological workers in the EU and Switzerland are monitored in terms of personal dose equivalent This is one of three papers produced by the EURADOS action group Harmonisation and Dosimetric Quality Assurance in Individual Monitoring for External Radiation. The other two papers are included in this issue of Radiation Protection Dosimetry.

Procedures for Routine Individual Dose Assessment of External Radiation within EU Countries and Switzerland - Status of Harmonisation on April 1st 1999

This paper examines the current status within EU Member States and Switzerland of requirements for approved dosimetric services. The present situation amongst Member States is that there are widely differing national requirements for the performance of dosimetric services and dosemeters. It is clear that with the free movement of workers within the EU and the multinational ownership of companies, a degree of harmonisation of requirements and procedures would be desirable. The paper aims to assist harmonisation, by giving the current status of procedures and requirements in Member States and Switzerland thereby allowing comparisons to be made. This is one of three papers produced by the EURADOS Action Group Harmonisation and Dosimetric Quality Assurance in Individual Monitoring for External Radiation. The other two papers also appear in this issue of Radiation Protection Dosimetry.

Performance Test of Dosimetric Services in the EU Member States and Switzerland for the Routine Assessment of Individual Doses (Photon, Beta and Neutron)

The results are given of a consolidated performance test for whole-body, and extremity personal dosemeters broadly representative of those in use in the EU member states and Switzerland. Beta, photon and neutron personal dosemeters were used to assess the routine services ability to determine and report personal dose equivalents. In total, 69 sets of dosemeters were entered in the test by 34 services. About 1000 dosemeters were irradiated. One purpose of the consolidated performance test and the analysis of the results was to enable the assessment of criteria for the acceptability of the dosimetry of routine services. It was assumed that each service would have already done a type test before performing routine dosimetry; the radiation fields were chosen to simulate, as far as possible, workplace radiation fields by mixing combining energies and incident angles. The results of photon dosemeters were good for all fields except for R-F. Beta test results showed that many types of dosemeter were not able accurately to determine personal dose equivalent when large incident angles and low energies were encountered. Neutron dosimetry results were very dependent on the dosemeter type and the dose calculation algorithm. Fast neutron fields were generally well measured, but particular problems were noted in the determination of intermediate energy fields. This illustrates the importance of such a field for calibration purposes. Of particular concern from a radiological protection point of view was the large number of results for beta and neutron dosemeters underestimating personal dose equivalent. A considerable over-response was noted in few cases. This is one of three papers produced by the EURADOS action group. Harmonisation and Dosimetric Quality Assurance in Individual Monitoring for External Radiation. The other two papers are included in this issue of Radiation Protection Dosimetry.

Quality Assurance in Environmental Monitoring

Over the past decade, there has been a growing awareness of the need for accountable quality assurance (QA) and control in chemical analysis. In environmental monitoring programs, especially those studying metal contaminants at trace and ultratrace concentrations in natural waters, the sampling, sample storage and sample preparation stages prior to analysis, represent potentially greater sources of error than the chemical analysis. The improvements in data reliability and detection limits when appropriate QA is employed, allow meaningful relationships between the measured concentrations and other physical and chemical parameters to be more reliably interpreted. Published data generated from both field and laboratory studies, frequently show no evidence of QA, yet such data are being used to formulate quality guidelines and as the basis for expensive management actions. So that only quality data forms the basis of regulatory action, it is essential that monitoring data not be published without demonstrable evidence of quality practices in all aspects of the monitoring exercise.

Quality Assurance in Individual Monitoring: 10 Years of Performance Monitoring of the TLD Based TNO Individual Monitoring Service

The QA subscription forms the nucleus of the Quality Assurance (QA) programme of the TLD-based Individual Monitoring Service of TNO-CSD. This QA subscription is the subscription of a dummy customer to the service. As this customer is treated exactly like a normal customer, all aspects of the service are monitored by the QA subscription. An overview is given of 10 years of monitoring the performance of the service. Various improvements over the past decade have resulted in a standard deviation in a low dose measurement of 0.01 mSv and a relative standard deviation at higher doses of 5%. These figures represent the performance under routine circumstances and thus include variations due to variations in the natural background from place to place and, for example, due to transport.

Developments in quality assurance in marine environmental monitoring. The QUASIMEME II Laboratory Performance Studies and EU quality assurance of sample handling (QUASH) project

The EU project QUASIMEME 1993–1996 has now developed in two directions. The inter-laboratory studies have been extended to incorporate the UK National Marine AQC test requirement by extending the range of determinands to include aqueous samples for trace metals and organic contaminants as well as the nutrients. The Laboratory Performance Studies (LPS) are based on six-monthly series with two test materials at two levels on each occasion. The LPS is now a subscription based study which is available to laboratories worldwide and has a current membership of some 120 institutes. A second project entitled QUASH 1996–2000 which is funded by the EU, is focusing on the quality assurance of sampling and sample handling. The QUASH studies are divided onto six key areas. These cover (i) the sampling and preservation of nutrients, (ii) sample preparation of sediments and the measurement of co-factors for trace metal and organic contaminant analysis, (ii) sampling and sample handling of fish and shellfish, (iii) measurement of the co-factors for trace metal and organic contaminant analysis of biological tissue and (iv and v) the preparation of test materials and associated inter-laboratory studies. The project will be co-ordinated on a two-tier system with national centres for each European country forming one level and national laboratories forming the second.

Quality Assurance in Biological Monitoring of Environmental and Occupational Exposure to Chemicals

The assessment of health risks due to occupational and environmental exposures has become, over the course of the years, increasingly important. Exposure and biochemical effects are estimated by biological monitoring, through the systematic collection of specimens from potentially exposed humans. In the field of biological monitoring, quality assurance (QA) concerns all those actions necessary to provide confidence that the results of laboratory tests will satisfy defined standards for quality. QA includes all steps which have to be taken to ensure that laboratory results are reliable, i.e., the adoption of good, scientifically sound practices for laboratory operation, including—apart from all the analytical steps—selection, collection transport and storage, preparation and manipulation of specimens, and recording, reporting, and interpretation of results. QA also includes other activities designed to improve the quality of investigations e.g., staff training and education, evaluation of the adequacy of the laboratory environment, and maintenance and calibration of instruments. All these activities should be described in a quality manual which is a prerequisite to obtain the certification of the quality system or laboratory accreditation.