Qualitative Interview Techniques Research Articles

Sustainable educational tourism and the acculturation of international students from the Global South

PurposeThe aim of this study is to understand the acculturation experiences of international students in order to maximize their academic and social experiences which, in turn, can facilitate the development of sustainable educational tourism in the host country.Design/methodology/approachUsing a qualitative methodology and semi-structured interview techniques, 40 international postgraduate tourism students from the Global South were interviewed.FindingsThe findings in this study demonstrated that the main problems faced by these students are inadequate funds and language difficulties.Originality/valueThis study highlighted the fact that although the number of international students is growing all over the world, for most of the students from poorer parts of the world, being an international student is fraught with difficulties. It also demonstrated that although acculturation stress is a serious concern, lack of adequate funding assumes greater importance for students from a poor background.

The importance of the government’s role in sustainable development in rural areas

<p>This study focuses on developing tourist villages as sustainable tourist destinations. The aim of this research is to determine the role of the government in tourism development which is carried out in a comprehensive and integrated manner by wisely utilizing natural resources, culture and geographical conditions. sustainable development, especially in rural areas, is expected to contribute to increasing welfare, equality and environmental awareness for the community. The research method was carried out using a qualitative approach, using observation, documentation and interview techniques to collect various complete data and information by determining research data sources, collecting and analyzing qualitative data, making conclusions and recommendations. The research results show that the government's role is quite large, although it has not succeeded in achieving targets in implementing various tourism developments in rural areas related to three role indicators, namely: 1) regulator, 2) dynamist, and 3) facilitator.</p>

Shortlists of workplace support for autistic employees: A freelisting study in the UK

BACKGROUND: Employment prospects are poor for autistic adults, despite their abilities and desire to work. OBJECTIVE: In this study, autistic and non-autistic employees gave shortlists of positive contributions of autistic employees, workplace difficulties and any adjustments being made to support autistic employees in the United Kingdom (UK). This aimed to provide routine and achievable good practice examples. METHOD: An online questionnaire was completed by 98 employees, mostly from the education sector. Freelisting methodology was implemented, which is a qualitative interviewing and data analysis technique whereby participants give their answers to survey questions as lists, to identify priority answers for a particular group. RESULTS: Consensus analysis showed that workplaces agreed on ways that autistic employees contribute positively to the workplace, including approaching workplace tasks from a different angle, attention to detail and contributing innovative and creative thinking. The main difficulties for autistic employees were noise and communication differences relative to non-autistic peers. Despite agreed difficulties and positive contributions, autistic and non-autistic employees reported usual practice in their workplaces as there being no reasonable adjustments made. CONCLUSION: Findings show the need for investment into inclusive and supportive workplaces, and call for further research into good employment practices as identified by autistic employees.

Improving the Ability to Write Core and Transformative Sentences of Class VI Students of SDN Batu Belah Timur 1

The aim of this research is to determine and describe the improvement in the ability to write core sentences and transfirmative sentences in class VI students at SDN Batu Belah Timur I, Dasuk sub-district, Sumenep district, Madura. The research method in this study is a descriptive qualitative research method, using observation, interview and documentation data collection techniques to produce descriptive data in the form of written or spoken words from people and observed behavior. The activity of writing core and transformative sentences tested improving the ability to write core and transformative sentences of class VI students at SDN Batu Belah Timur I. Of the total number of students, 16 were able to understand the material of core sentences and transformative sentences effectively. Even though there were still 1-4 of the 16 students, there were still problems in working on the questions given, compared to the observation time, only a portion of the students were able to make sentences well and correctly, which could be counted on the fingers of one hand.

A study of the adaptation processes of individuals with intellectual disabilities and their mothers to Covid -19 restrictions.

In this study, it was aimed to examine the adaptation processes of individuals with intellectual disabilities and their mothers to Covid-19 restrictions. The research was designed in qualitative research method and focus group interview technique was used. The mothers of individuals with intellectual disabilities constitute the participant group of the study. A semi-structured interview form consisting of eight questions prepared by the researchers was used as a data collection tool. Data were collected through two focus group interviews via Zoom link. The data obtained were analyzed by content analysis method. As a result of the research, four themes were reached: "Life Before the Pandemic", "Encountering the Pandemic", "Effects of the Pandemic", and "Facilitation in the Adaptation Process to the Pandemic". As a result, although Covid-19 restrictions led to the regression of some skills of individuals with intellectual disabilities, it created an opportunity for them to develop new interests. In addition, although there were supports that facilitated the pandemic process, it was determined that mothers needed even more psychological support during this period.

SOUTH KOREA'S FOREIGN POLICY: UNVEILING FACTORS IN HALAL INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT

This study aims to analyze the factors that underlie South Korea's foreign policy regarding halal industry development. The decision-making theory proposed by Richard C. Snyder, Bruck, and Burton Sapin is the theoretical framework employed, while employing a qualitative approach, literary study and interview techniques. The research findings reveal that the formulation of South Korea's foreign policy in the halal industry development can be explained through various variables. In conclusion, South Korea's halal industry policy draws from decision-making theory, considering internal factors like the Muslim population, economic goals, and innovation. Social structures and external influences, such as global demand and Muslim tourism, play significant roles.

OPTIMALISASI DIGITAL MARKETING MIE GACOAN MELALUI KONTEN KREATIF COPYWRITING PADA AKUN INSTAGRAM @mie.gacoan

Copywriting is an important part of marketing through digital marketing. So, gacoan noodles also apply creative content in their marketing through copywriting. In creating creative content on his Instagram account, creativity is needed. This study aims to examine how to optimize digital marketing of mie gacoan through creative copywriting content on the @mie.gacoan account.
 This study used qualitative descriptive research methods and interview techniques with the Maintenance & Repair Manager who is also the Operational Incharge Handle at the Wiyung Surabaya branch of mie gacoan, as well as making observations on the @mie.gacoan account related to optimizing the digital marketing of mie gacoan through creative copywriting content on the @mie.gacoan account.
 The results show that the optimization of digital marketing of creative copywriting content to increase consumer buying interest has run optimally, because consumers feel more aware about the products and brands of gacoan noodles. And when the copywriting content related to the change of menu name and the issuance of a statement that gacoan noodles have obtained halal certification from MUI, making sales turnover and customers of gacoan noodles increase.
 Keywords : Digital Marketing, Instagram, Copywriting

DIPLOMASI PENDIDIKAN SABAH BRIDGE DALAM MEMENUHI HAK PENDIDIKAN BAGI ANAK PEKERJA MIGRAN INDONESIA DI SABAH, MALAYSIA

This research was conducted to describe the role of Sabah Bridge in conducting educational diplomacy in fulfilling the educational rights of Indonesian migrant workers' children through educational diplomacy. Qualitative research methods, literature studies, interview techniques, and educational diplomacy theory involving non-government actors were carried out. The results of the study show that there are three results from Sabah Bridge's educational diplomacy with related parties: (1) the Indonesian government built the Kota Kinabalu Indonesian school in Malaysia; (2) immigration cooperation between the two countries to facilitate documents needed by PMI children; and (3) Sabah Bridge and the Government of Indonesia provide repatriation scholarships to continue higher education in Indonesia. This research confirms that through diplomacy non-state actors can contribute to the national interests of their countries

The effects of small class sizes on students' academic achievement, socioemotional development and well-being in special education: A systematic review.

The effects of small class sizes on students' academic achievement, socioemotional development and well-being in special education: A systematic review.

#3226 DEVELOPMENT AND USABILITY ASSESSMENT OF AN AI-ENHANCED DASHBOARD SUPPORTING AVF MANAGEMENT IN CLINICAL PRACTICE

Abstract Background and Aims Despite the rise in publications reporting Artificial Intelligence (AI) solutions in healthcare, their usage in clinical practice remains limited. Prominent barriers for their implementation in clinical practice are the lack of integration of AI-based tools in the hospital health information system and clinical workflows. We previously developed an AVF Failure risk score to assess the expected incidence of AVF failures within 3 months based on routinely collected dialysis data. The risk score showed high accuracy (AUC = 0.81) and calibration. Based on this risk score, we developed an AI-enhanced dashboard supporting the management of AVF in hemodialysis patients. The usability and usefulness of the AI-enhanced AVF management dashboard was evaluated in a pilot quality improvement program. Method A quality improvement framework was used to evaluate the usability of an AI-enhanced dashboard for AVF management (Fig. 1A). First, healthcare professionals (HCP) were involved to provide inputs for model design, endpoint definition, and potential predictors through various qualitative interview techniques such as brainstorming sessions and focus groups (Phase I). A machine learning model was then developed to assess the expected incidence of AVF failure within 3 months. The model used routinely collected clinical data to minimize additional burden on clinical workflow. (Phase II). After developing and validating the model, a model error analysis was conducted using case studies methodology to improve model performance (Phase III). Once the model reached a good accuracy, think-aloud interview was used to abstract HCP needs and to design a user interface for model output. A user-friendly dashboard was developed to display the risk of AVF failure within 3-months and patient's vascular access history (Phase IV). This solution was integrated in the health record system and updated monthly with the latest risk score and medical information. A pilot quality improvement program was conducted in 15 clinics across 4 countries (IT, CZ, SK, SG) from May to December 2022. HCP were asked to evaluate their agreement with the risk score using a 5-point Likert scale (completely disagree to agree) and assess the usefulness of the dashboard in clinical decision making. At this stage the dashboard is not used for medical decision making (Phase V). The evaluation results were compiled into a monthly report and shared with all the HCP involved in the project to promote awareness and engagement. After 3 months of usage, a round-table discussion was held with all participants to gather their feedback and discuss clinical cases (Phase VI). Results Access to the AI-enhanced dashboard increased during the evaluation period. In the first two months of the pilot quality improvement program, the AI-enhanced dashboard was evaluated for 20% patients with an AVF, a proportion that doubled by the end of the program (Fig. 1B). HCP reported 90% agreement with risk model rating (Fig. 1C), suggesting that the model capture relevant physiological status of the patient and its output is understandable by the healthcare staff. Qualitative analysis of round-table discussions showed that the dashboard is perceived as useful and clear. HCP suggested few changes in the user interface to enhance actionability and improve clinical workflow integration. Conclusion Our results support the usefulness and intelligibility of the AI-enhanced AVF management dashboard. The advance of AI-models highlighted the importance to develop new strategies for their integration and evaluation in clinical practice. The engagement of HCP in the early phases of AI-model design and development grants a continuous feedback loop bringing clinical and AI world together. A clinical perspective in dashboard design reflects the needs of healthcare professionals and enhance consideration of patient medical needs. The synergy between theoretical and clinical perspective is crucial to improve model performance, usability, and implementation in clinical practice.

How Turkish citizens perceive Syrian refugees in Turkey

Abstract Turkey is the largest refugee host country in the world with about 3.5 million registered Syrian refugees. In this study, we explored intergroup relations between Syrian refugees and Turks in Turkey. We focused on how Turkish people perceived Syrian refugees in Turkey and how these two groups interacted daily. We used an adaptation of McAdams’ Life Story Interview and asked questions about Syrian refugees in the Turkish context. Using this open-ended, qualitative interviewing technique allowed us to understand how Turks and Syrians interacted on a daily basis and what shaped Turkish people’s perceptions about refugees. We conducted a narrative analysis based on agency and communion themes. Results showed that age of participant was negatively correlated with communion, whereas education of participant was positively correlated with agency. Agency and communion positively correlated with each other. Narratives reflected a range of reflections Turkish citizens had about the large influx of Syrian refugees.

ANALISIS SISTEM KOMPENSASI FINANSIAL LANGSUNG DAN TIDAK LANGSUNG TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN

This study aims to find out how the direct and indirect financial compensation system is and how it affects performance; in this article explains how companies provide direct and indirect financial compensation, then also explains how the compensation system that has been carried out on employee performance is based on interviews with human resource division staff at PT. Prima Multi Equipment. The research methodology used in this research is descriptive qualitative interview technique with 2 staff of the company's human resources division, with a research time of 1 month starting from January-February 2022. As for the results of this study, it was found that the company was quite good at implementing a delivery system compensation for their workers, in the dialogue interviews conducted, the staff stated that all of these systems are still based on labor law regulations so that the compensation provided is fair according to government regulations; then from the compensation system that is carried out choosing a good influence on employee performance by obtaining information that the performance of the company's employees so far has been quite good as a whole from each site with minimal complaints about performance that is not optimal, always disciplined and always working to reach targets not only it turns out that from the results of the performance of the company's employees get an increased profit this year from the many achievements of the work that has been done by workers.

Inclusive and Equitable Quality Education: The Context of Constitution of Pakistan and International Commitments

The research paper is discussing the context of equitable quality education in Pakistan in the light of international commitments specifically Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) related to education. This research paper specifically discussing the factors that are preventing the authorities and decision makers to purge those elements instigating hate towards others having distinct identities – be it religious, be it ethnic or be it linguistic. As revisiting textbooks and the curricula for removing content that is biased and instigating hate towards other religions was the major recommendation of the UN Committees on various treaties for Pakistan. This research study is navigating through different policy framework introduced in different regimes and intentions of the political decision-makers for ensuring the unbiased education for all as per the constitutional commitments for strengthening national unity and social cohesion. The qualitative method and interview technique were adopted to assess and evaluate the trickle-down effects of the educational policies introduced by successive governments – particularly in the light of international commitments focusing on Sustainable Development Goals target 4.7 and indicator 4.7.1 (along with other goals and targets such as SDG 12.8, and 13.3) that urge the state parties for considering/ensuring equitable quality education.

Peranan Tadbir Urus Kolaboratif Melalui Kumpulan Dasa Wisma dalam Meningkatkan Kualiti Hidup Masyarakat Masa Pandemik Covid-19 di Kabupaten Bintan

The Covid-19 pandemic has had a huge social impact on people's lives, one of the most affected is economic problems, so people have to adjust to a situation full of uncertainty like today. This study aims to look at the role of collaborative tadbir urus run by Dasawisma in improving food security for the community amid the Covid-19 pandemic. In this study the investigators took one Dasa Wisma object, namely Dasa Wisma Kenanga in Bintan Regency as a community forum to carry out agricultural activities in an effort to fulfill their daily needs. In obtaining this data, this study uses qualitative research methods, using observation, interview, and documentation collection techniques. The results of this study explain the role of Dasa Wisma in improving food security during the pandemic in Bintan Regency as well as several work programs that have been carried out by this farmer group which are very helpful and beneficial to the community, besides being able to meet the needs of food produced by their group can also be sold to help the family economy. The results of the study also show that this farmer group was indeed formed before the Covid-19 pandemic, but when this pandemic appeared and damaged the economy, members of this farmer group had the availability to meet their daily needs.

Strategi Bertahan Hotel Syariah pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 (Studi Kasus: Saung Dolken Resort Syariah Bogor)

The outbreak of the COVID-19 Pandemic, has an impact on all activities globally, especially tourism activities. The number of tourists fell drastically in line with travel restrictions, both by land, sea and air transportation modes. This condition has worsened since the implementation of social distancing, physical distancing, and Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) to break the chain of spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. Saung Dolken Resort Bogor is one of the resorts affected by the Covid-19 pandemic where there is a decrease in visitors, which has an impact on operational activities. This study aims to examine the condition of hotels in Bogor and the survival strategies taken during the outbreak. The method used in this study uses qualitative research methods with descriptive qualitative approach methods and in-depth interview techniques and literature studies on books, scientific journals, and online news. The results of this study indicate that Saung Dolken Resort and Hotel Syariah can still survive during the covid-19 pandemic. The strategy is almost the same, namely by terminating employees permanently and temporarily, limiting the use of hotel facilities, spending efficiency, selling non-room products online, to refusing to refund bookings by changing the visit schedule.

Pakistan ve Türkiye’deki Çingenelerin İstihdam Olanakları ve Sağlık Hizmetlerine Erişimi Üzerine Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analiz

Gypsies are an important ethnic group both in Pakistan and Turkey. They are in a more disadvantaged position as compared to other segments of society in areas such as housing, work, health, and education. In this study, employment opportunities and access to health services of gypsies living in Pakistan and Turkey are explored. The researchers delimited the study only to areas of employment and health sectors in both countries, with the aim to comparatively analyze the situation of Gypsies’ access to these services. In the study, qualitative research design and in-depth interview technique were used to collect data from respondents. The interviews were conducted with a total of 14 people (7 participants from Pakistan and 7 from Turkey respectively) including both male and female. According to the findings of the study, Gypsies both in Pakistan and Turkey are mostly excluded from employment opportunities and are pushed to work in informal sectors. Their access to health services is also very limited due to their housing conditions and active lifestyle. However, it has been observed that the conditions of Gypsies in Turkey were found better than the Pakistani ones in terms of employment opportunities and access to health services.

Strategi Komunikasi Pemerintah Kabupaten Bener Meriah dalam Pemasaran Kopi Gayo dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat

Communication strategy of the Bener Meriah Regency Government in the marketing of Gayo coffee. The problems of this study are; how the communication strategy of the Bener Meriah Regency Government in marketing Gayo coffee, how the obstacles of the Bener Meriah Regency government in marketing Gayo coffee, how the credibility of communicators in marketing Gayo coffee, and local community empowerment in gayo coffee marketing. The research method in this study uses qualitative research approach, using observation, interview and point documentation techniques. In this study, the authors use the theory of communicator credibility. The results of this study are the communication strategy of the Bener Meriah Regency government in marketing Gayo coffee using the methods; marketing communication strategy through advertising in exhibitions and events, through foreign trade missions by ministries, and promotions through digital processes and social media. The credibility of the communicator in marketing Gayo coffee is good enough to increase sales, so that Gayo coffee can be well-known to foreign countries. The government’s effort to appreciate marketing communicators have also been quite good, so that communicators are more enthusiastic and creative. Barriers to the government of Bener Meriah Regency in marketing Gayo coffee are (1) Barriers to entering the industrial market, (2) Inadequate facilities and technology, (3) Barriers in regulations, especially employment, taxation and trade, (4) Lack of motivation and trade, (5) Low capital, (7) Processing and packaging technology that has not been fully mastered. The Bener Meriah Regency Government has carried out community empowerment by utilizing its natural resources, providing assistance in the form of directions, outreach, and training on Gayo coffee management.

Understanding the art and science of new-age advertising: A neuromarketing perspective

Marketers often rely on conventional marketing techniques to appeal to the purchase decisions of consumers. However, research has confirmed that human decisions are based on an unconscious process resulting in the creation of a gap between the perception of the marketeers and consumer expectations. Neuromarketing can be a useful technique to study the optimization of marketing communication. The objective of the present paper is to study the application of neuromarketing in advertising. In the first phase, two successful advertising campaign case studies and two failed advertising campaign case studies are presented to identify the need for neuromarketing in this competitive era. The perceptions toward neuromarketing were discussed with nineteen senior brand and marketing communication experts using a qualitative semi-structured interviewing technique. The use of grounded theory helped in unraveling the themes. Emerging themes suggest that neuromarketing has the potential to significantly strengthen the quality and effectiveness of advertising messages. However, there are some challenges like ethical issues and transparency in the application of neuromarketing. Zurawicki’si framework on three different dimensions of emotions, involvement, and cognition was proposed to be used as the framework. The contribution of this research would help understand how neuromarketing combined with conventional marketing approaches can create a subtler impact on audience’s mind and heart. Accordingly, new age strategies around the science and art of marketing communication can be devised and a new impetus can be provided to marketing theory and practice.

DECONSTRUCTION OF PATRIARCHIC CULTURAL DISCUSSION IN TRADITIONAL VILLAGE LEADERSHIP

This research starts from the existence of a gap between reality (dassein) and idealism (dassolen) that so far the position of the traditional village chief has always been occupied by men, not a single woman has held this position, even though ideally women can also become traditional village chiefs because there is no prohibition for women to do so. The theories used in the theoretical basis for this research are deconstruction theory, intersectionality theory, and subaltern theory. The research method used is a qualitative research method, with observation and interview techniques used in data collection. Data analysis was carried out deconstructively. The results of the study indicate that the strong dominance of the masculine in the leadership of the Buduk Traditional Village is based on or motivated by three main things: (1) various political ideologies that support patriarchal culture, (2) the interest to maintain the power of men, (3) the practice of giving meaning to women. Women and men in the context of traditional villages which show various meanings. These various meanings essentially indicate efforts to legitimize men's power and women's subordination, accompanied by co-optation and manipulation efforts to realize the legitimacy of men's power and women's subordination in traditional village life.
 Keywords: traditional village, leadership, patriarchal culture, discourse, deconstruction

Return to School Challenges Affecting Adolescent Recipients of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: A Qualitative Interview Study of Caregivers

Introduction: Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) is an intense process during children's formative years, which can negatively impact their physical, psychological, and socio-environmental domains of quality of life (QOL). Returning to school after HCT is an important indicator of survivors’ health recovery and QOL, as it could provide a sense of normalcy, boost self-esteem, and provide social support to survivors as they cope with treatment-related toxicities. From studies focusing on cancer survivors treated with conventional (non-HCT) therapy, it is known that patients and caregivers often report challenges while returning to school. However, current literature lacks information on these challenges among HCT survivors. Methods: Between August 2020 and June 2021, we conducted a qualitative interview study of both adolescent HCT recipients treated at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center (FHCC), Seattle, WA, and their caregivers. This analysis focuses solely on interviews with caregivers of HCT recipients who were 10-18 years of age at HCT and 1-7 years post-HCT. Seventy-three caregivers were approached by mail and asked to respond to a screening questionnaire asking whether their child was enrolled in school before HCT and had returned to school (in-person classroom setting) post-HCT. Additionally, caregivers were asked whether they participated in child's care at least 50% of the time and were English literate. Those who responded affirmatively to all screening questions were considered eligible. A total of 31 caregivers responded to the screening questionnaire (42.4% response rate) and 20 were found eligible. Caregivers were subsequently consented and scheduled for an individual semi-structured interview lasting 30-60 minutes. The interviews were conducted remotely via a secure video platform by one of two interviewers skilled in qualitative interview techniques and having had no clinical contact with the patients and/or caregivers. All respondents were offered a $20 gift card as an incentive for their participation. The interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and de-identified by a HIPAA compliant service. Conventional content analysis was used to analyze interview transcripts, and thematic analysis was used to identify and organize emerging themes. Caregivers provided socio-demographic details, and patients’ disease and treatment details were abstracted from medical records. Results: A total of 19 caregiver interviews were completed (one participant withdrew after initial consent). The majority (95%, n=18) of caregivers were female, 58% (n=11) were Caucasian, and 84% (n=16) were married at time of study. Patients’ average age at HCT and at time of study were 13.5 (range 10-18) years and 17.5 (range 12-22) years, respectively. Forty eight percent of the HCT recipients were female and 76% had received HCT for a malignant disease (acute lymphoblastic leukemia 56%). Three global themes emerged from caregiver interviews: (1) burden faced by caregivers due to lack of communication/ coordination, (2) support received by patients and/or caregivers which helped reduce the burden of the return to school process, and (3) caregivers’ recommendations to improve the return to school process and reduce burden for future patients and caregivers undergoing HCT. Under the global theme of "burden faced by caregivers", there were two sub-themes: a) health status and b) academics. Under the global theme of "support received by patients and/or caregivers", there were four sub-themes: a) support from school, b) support from hospital, c) support from friends or peers, and d) parental support for the patient. Under the global theme of "recommendations to improve the return to school process", there were four sub-themes: a) to improve communication, b) to have a point of contact (navigator), c) to improve mental health support, and d) to improve social and academic support. Examples of caregiver excerpts for each theme are shown in the Table. Conclusions: Caregivers of adolescent HCT recipients face several challenges at the time of returning to in-person school post-HCT. Additional work is needed to optimize support for HCT recipients and their caregivers during the return to school process to minimize burden. Figure 1View largeDownload PPTFigure 1View largeDownload PPT Close modal