Qualitative Data Analysis Software Research Articles

“In Minutes Instead of Weeks”: Discursive Constructions of Generative AI and Qualitative Data Analysis

The use of qualitative data analysis software (QDAS) platforms have always posed a dilemma for researchers, and the integration of generative artificial intelligence (AI) tools are complexifying this relationship even further. The way QDAS companies are positioning this new development will impact how researchers understand what qualitative analysis is and what it could be. Using discourse analysis methods, we explored how ATLAS.ti, NVivo, and MAXQDA websites constructed the relationship between AI-assist and qualitative research methods. We noted four “discursive dilemmas” across the websites: (a) automated insight-generation versus systematic meaning-making; (b) chatting with documents versus analyzing data; (c) high speed versus high engagement; and (d) novelty versus agency. While some level of hyperbolic discourse can be expected from corporations whose goal is to sell products, we argue that the discourses used on these websites may be incompatible with the epistemological foundations of qualitative research.

Abstract PO2-10-12: The devil is in the details: Workflow analysis of breast cancer treatment decision making and implications for decision support design

Abstract While numerous decision aids have been developed to support treatment decision-making in breast cancer1, widespread implementation remains limited due to challenges integrating these tools in clinical workflows2. Given these persistent issues, we need to better understand the complex workflows and needs of decision aid users - patients, their family caregivers, and breast cancer clinicians. Previous studies have explored various aspects of breast cancer team workflows3,4. Despite this work, it is still unclear how these complex workflows support or hinder decision aid use. In this study, we conducted an in-depth analysis of breast cancer team workflow to elicit design requirements for informatics tools to support patient-centered decision-making. This study was part of a larger project aimed at designing a COMputeried PAtient-centered Collaborative Technology (COMPACT) to support personalized decision-making for breast cancer patients. We conducted observations of clinicians and patients at one breast center, using a tablet computer with smart pen to take notes on all aspects of clinic workflow. We uploaded all observation notes into a qualitative data analysis software, Dedoose. Two researchers coded the observations in an inductive, consensus-based process. We met to review our codes and identify key themes emerging in the data. We observed 95 hours and 127 patient encounters across 20 clinician-centered and 8 patient-centered observations. We identified 10 themes related to the design of decision support, which we grouped into the 4 components of workflow6 (see Table 1). We identified numerous patient-specific factors communicated from the patient to the clinical team that influenced treatment decision-making. These “decision factors” covered the broader scope of the patient’s life that was important in the decision-making process (e.g., upcoming family wedding, work). Patients were frequently “knowledge brokers” and were asked to remember and relay information across members of the care team. We identified 28 different tools and technologies used to support treatment decision-making. Patient family caregivers (e.g., aunt, husband) played an important role in treatment decision-making. Based on these findings, we developed design requirements for informatics tools to better support patients (and clinicians). Our study highlights the complexity and interdependence of breast cancer treatment decision-making. Patients frequently made treatment decisions that influenced subsequent decisions. Decision aids typically focus on one decision or one care specialty and do not support consideration of several treatment options at one time1. Future research is needed to determine if and how decision support tools could incorporate the broader scope and interdependence between decisions to support patient-centered care. We highlight the need for informatics tools to consider the diverse and unique decision factors (e.g., hobbies) that are crucial to patient-centered decision-making. Decision support could help to elicit and incorporate these factors during treatment decision-making. However, the variable nature of these patient-specific factors presents a challenge to decision support design. Further research is needed to determine how to optimally incorporate such factors into decision support tools. We found inadequate system support for clinicians’ tasks including limited feedback loops to notify clinicians of completed tasks (e.g., mammogram, genetic testing). As a result, patients were often responsible for relaying information to and between different members of the clinical team. Given that patients only remember 50% of what clinicians tell them during visits7, a better system is needed to improve the reliability of information transfer. Our design guidelines can be used to improve the design of decision support tools and ultimately improve patient-centered decision-making. Table 1. Workflow components, themes, and associated challenges to decision support design Citation Format: Megan Salwei, Carrie Reale. The devil is in the details: Workflow analysis of breast cancer treatment decision making and implications for decision support design [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO2-10-12.

Konsep Pemakanan Halalan Tayyiban: Kajian Terhadap Penerima Anugerah Keluarga Mithali Peringkat Kebangsaan Malaysia

Building a mithali family is a challenge that requires practical guidance and reallife examples that can be emulated. Based on the Islamic perspective, as explained theoretically by previous Islamic scholars, the halalan tayyiban dietary concept is one of the important factors in family development. Therefore, this study was conducted to explore the actual practice of the halalan tayyiban dietary concept by recipients of the Anugerah Keluarga Mithali (AKM) at the national level. This study adopted a qualitative approach and used the interview method with the focus group discussion technique to collect data. The analysis of this interview data was done using the qualitative data analysis software NVivo version 10. A total of 11 respondents from two nuclear families that had won the AKM at national level in 2014 (7 family members) and 2017 (4 family members) were involved in this research. The results found that the AKM families practised six dietary principles; namely, food and income should be clean and halal, safe for consumption, satisfies the natural disposition of a prosperous soul, free from syubhah (elements of a guideline for the formation of modules for Islamic family building by Islamic bodies, preachers, parents and also Muslim individuals with related interests. Future studies should be done by involving more nuclear families to further improve the reliability of this study and to touch on other undiscussed aspects in this study.

Investigation of Preschool Teachers’ Views of Inclusive Mathematics Education

Inclusive education is based on the belief of having an educational philosophy in which all individuals will acquire the knowledge and skills necessary for their effective inclusion in society. This study aims to examine preschool teachers' views on inclusive mathematics education activities in Turkey. Case study design, one of the qualitative research designs, was used in the study. The study group consisted of 15 preschool teachers. All of the teachers participating in the study were female. The study group was formed by convenient sampling method based on volunteerism. The data were collected through a personal information form and a semi-structured form. Content analysis technique was used to analyse the data. During the analysis of the data, codes and themes were created and visualised using MAXQDA 2024 qualitative data analysis software. According to the results obtained, preschool teachers have deficiencies in preparing differentiated lesson plans and content for inclusive mathematics education. In this context, it is recommended to overcome this deficiency by organising in-service training activities for preschool teachers. Additionally, it is recommended to create guidebooks to assist teachers in implementing inclusive mathematics education activities in preschool.

“Cansada, agobiada, frustrada”: Desafíos emocionales de docentes de inglés en primaria durante la pandemia: Estudio de caso en San Carlos, Costa Rica

Introduction. COVID-19’s health crisis put a hold on all educational processes worldwide. This was not the exception for Costa Rica at the Ministry of Education. In March 2020, it was proposed that distance education was going to be put into practice. Purpose. This paper focuses on the feelings the participants communicated during the study. This was part of a principal investigation that used a case study methodology based on inductive qualitative research. It had the purpose of describing the perceptions of four English primary school teachers from the Dirección Regional de Educación San Carlos (San Carlos Regional Education Office) regarding distance education during the sanitary emergency of COVID-19. Methodology. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, lesson plans, and video recordings of pedagogical mediation and professional contexts. The data were analyzed using semantic categories from content analysis (Hatch, 2002) and the Web Qualitative Data Analysis (webQDA) software (Costa et al., 2019). Results. Results suggest that teachers reported experiencing a range of emotions before and during the pandemic, with the majority being negative in nature. Among the most notable were uncertainty, stress, confusion, overwork, a sense of difficulty, sadness, and worry. Other feelings included discrimination, impotence, and disrespect towards the teachers and the families’ specific contexts. This study presents the teachers from their human dimension as professionals who endured the pandemic within their own educational contexts. The study also shows the importance of effective communication and taking into consideration psychological support to strengthen the emotional integrity of the teachers.

Factors Impacting One-year Follow-up Visit Adherence after Bariatric Surgery in West China: A Mixed Methods Study.

Quality follow-up (FU) is crucial after bariatric surgery. However, poor adherence after surgery is prevalent. This research aimed to explore the factors related to FU adherence after bariatric surgery in West China. This study used a sequential explanatory mixed-methods research design. Participants (n = 177) were identified from the West China Hospital. Demographic information, disease profile, treatment information, and post-surgery FU information were obtained from the bariatric surgery database of the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the West China Hospital. The survey data were analyzed using logistic regression. Semi-structured interviews with participants (n = 10) who had low adherence were conducted. The recording was transcribed verbatim and entered into qualitative data analysis software. Qualitative data were analyzed using a content analysis approach. Multiple logistic regression revealed that living in Chengdu (OR, 2.308), being employed (OR, 2.532), non-smoking (OR, 2.805), and having less than five years of obesity (OR, 2.480) were positive predictors of FU adherence within one year. Semi-structured interviews suggested that factors related to adherence to FU were lack of motivation, lack of opportunity, insufficient ability, and beliefs regarding consequences. Factors impacting one-year FU visit adherence after bariatric surgery include not only demographic and disease-related factors but also social and family factors. These results will provide evidence to support healthcare professionals in developing personalized postoperative FU management strategies.

Women's expectations, preferences and needs in midwifery care – results from the qualitative Midwifery Care (MiCa) study: Childbirth and early parenthood

ObjectiveThe main goals of our study were (I) the investigation of expectations and preferences as well as (II) the determination of needs of women in regard to midwifery care. DesignDescriptive phenomenology was used to investigate the ways in which women experienced childbirth and early parenthood. A descriptive qualitative research design was chosen, using focus groups. Settingix online focus groups were carried out with 19 women for this part of the Midwifery Care (MiCa) study, mainly from the north of Germany. ParticipantsWomen shortly after birth, in puerperium and the first year after childbirth were recruited in Germany. A purposeful strategy according to maximum variation sampling was applied to reach diversity in the sample regarding age and previous children. Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis, according to Mayring, with support of the qualitative data analysis software MAXQDA 2022. FindingsSix main categories were derived for both childbirth and early parenthood: (a) involvement of family, (b) need for information, (c) physical and psychological aspects and (d) orientation in the healthcare system. In each group, one main category about provision of healthcare was developed: (e) care around childbirth and (f) midwifery care in early parenthood. Women attached great importance to the communication with midwives and favoured the involvement of their partners in the childbirth process and during parenting. Based on different experiences and inconsistency of information, women would prefer consistency in staff and communication as well as standardised information. ConclusionsFrom the user's perspective, midwifery care is crucial during childbirth and the child's first year of life. Current health care during and after childbirth and early parenthood lacks individualised care models, emotional support, adequate and professional communication between different health care providers, and consistency in midwifery care. Our findings should be translated into health care delivery with effective interprofessional teamwork within the continuity of midwifery care. Further quantitative research should analyse the individual healthcare situations of women in the reproductive phase of their life as well as of the applied healthcare models in order to personalise care and to improve healthcare quality.

Perceptions on Medical Professionalism Among Future Healthcare Professionals: A Mixed Method Study.

Background Accreditation councils across the world constantly examine policies and practices in professionalism in their medical curriculum. The National Medical Commission (NMC) in India has recognized the pressing need to reform and include professionalism in its undergraduate curriculum. Objectives The objective of this study was to explore the perspectives of medical and nursing students on professional behavior, suitable teaching-learning methods, and assessment strategies for curriculum integration. Methodology The study utilized a concurrent triangulation mixed method design, collecting both qualitative and quantitative data simultaneously to gain a comprehensive understanding of medical and nursing students' perceptions of professionalism. It included 83 final-year undergraduate medical students and 42 final-year undergraduate nursing students. The approval of the Institutional Review Board of Meenakshi Medical College Hospital & Research Institute was obtained. A semi-structured questionnaire consisting of demographic characteristicsand opinions regarding academic professional behavior, teaching-learning, and evaluation of professionalism was used. Perceptions regarding the meaning of professionalism, behavior of professionalism to be emphasized in teaching, and pressing challenges of professionalism were explored. Students were also asked to rank the best behavior associated with professionalism. Frequency and percentages were used for descriptive statistics. Means and standard deviations were calculated for continuous variables. An unpaired t-test was used to determine a statistically significant difference between the means in the two groups. The quantitative data was analyzed with R programming and content analysis was performed for the qualitative data using ATLAS.ti qualitative data analysis software. Results Unexplained/unauthorized absence from academic activities (2.39 ± 1.553), not following the timeline (2.41 ± 1.560), making fun of patients and peers (2.16 ± 1.619), cheating in the exams (2.37 ± 1.651), and inebriation (2.39 ± 1.666) were unacceptable behaviors by undergraduate medical students compared with nursing students. Clinical experience (1.54 ± 0.857) and role models (1.74 ± 0.935) were the highly acceptable methods of teaching professionalism and interprofessional interactions (1.58 ± 0.650) and awards (1.98 ± 1.100) were the most common suggestions to improve the course curriculum by both groups. Community/field activity (1.78 ± 0.860) and clinical examination (1.89 ±1.123) were the most preferred methods of evaluation of professionalism. According to the students, dedication, honesty, respect, and self-improvement were identified as the best behaviors associated with professionalism. Conclusions The study revealed that students had a wide range of perspectives about professionalism. Different unprofessional acts were acceptable to students. The causes of these perspectives need to be explored and resolved to promote professionalism. Students identified the need for strong positive role models and frequent clinical experiences, along with improved interprofessional interactions and awards to improve teaching and learning professionalism. Community/field activity was the preferred assessment method proposed by the students. Medical institutions must promote these components in curriculum, faculty development, and clinical settings to foster the development of professionalism among students.

Dynamics of Urban Transport Arrangement Policies to Support the Achievement of Sustainable Transportation

This article analyses the dynamics of the transport policy of the government of Yogyakarta, Indonesia, and the administration’s efforts to organise transportation for sustainability. A qualitative method with a case study approach is used in the research. For data analysis, an interactive model and NVivo 12 Plus qualitative data analysis software were used. The results suggested several initiatives that the government of Yogyakarta must undertake to implement sustainable transportation, including transportation policies, infrastructure development and public awareness. The Yogyakarta government does not yet have regulations that form the basis for the implementation of sustainable transportation in the region. Sustainable transport has only recently become a developmental priority in the 2020–2024 regional mid-term development plan, which reflects the Indonesian government’s lagging in promoting sustainable transport on a national and regional scale. For sustainable transport infrastructure, the government of Yogyakarta has operated the rapid bus system Trans Jogja for public transport. However, the implementation of Trans Jogja has been suboptimal because it is considered unable to meet the needs of the community and forces the people of Yogyakarta to use private vehicles for daily mobility. Therefore, The Yogyakarta government is currently working on electric energy-based public transportation (electromobility), which is more environmentally friendly as it does not use fuel oil and has low emissions.

AI Applications for Fiqh Rulings in Islamic Banks – Shariah Committee Acceptance

Purpose ‒ The objective of this paper is to study the acceptance of applications of AI in the fiqh ruling process of Islamic banking, among Shariah committees (SC) members of Islamic banks Design/Methodology/Approach ‒ This is a qualitative study using focus group interviews with ten SC members from different Islamic banks. Following the interviews, a thematic analysis of the transcribed data was conducted using computer-assisted qualitative data analysis software (CAQDAS). Findings ‒ The participants were generally receptive towards the utilization of AI tools in the fiqh ruling process at Islamic banks. The participants recognize the potential of AI smart assistants for improving the efficiency and effectiveness of the fiqh ruling process. However, they raised some concerns and expectations that need to be addressed. Originality/Value ‒ The novelty of this research comes from sourcing first-hand perspectives of SC members of Islamic banks in Malaysia. Being the end users of AI systems for the fiqh ruling of Islamic banking, it is important to understand their perceptions, concerns, and expectations Research Limitations/Implications ‒ The size of focus group was limited to ten participants to optimize group size and composition in order to allow adequate participation by each group member. Further sampling from more SC members may elicit additional findings Practical Implications ‒ The first-hand views from the target users provides valuable input for initiatives developing AI systems for the fiqh ruling process of Islamic banking

Difficulties and challenges experienced by nurses in eldercare institutions in Albania: A qualitative content analysis.

The global and Albanian populations of elderly people are steadily increasing. It is estimated that the number of elderly adults requiring care in Albania will rise from 90.9 thousand to 130.4 thousand by 2030. Despite the envisaged increase in the number and life expectancy of the elderly population in Albania, which will result in an increased demand for nursing care, little is known about the difficulties and challenges that nurses face while providing care for elderly Albanian individuals. To explore the difficulties and challenges nurses experience while caring for elderly people in Albanian eldercare institutions. The study employed a qualitative design using purposive sampling of 20 nurses in 8 eldercare institutions who participated in face-to-face semi-structured interviews. The audio-recorded interviews were transcribed and subsequently subjected to analysis using Graneheim and Lundman's qualitative conventional content analysis. Data analysis was supported by the qualitative data analysis software MAXQDA 2020. The reporting of this study followed the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) checklist. Five key categories emerged from data analysis: (1) professional difficulties, (2) educational difficulties, (3) relationship challenges, (4) increased mental stress, and (5) participation in advocacy. This study showed that nursing staff experienced many barriers, challenges, and unmet needs when implementing care for elderly people in long-term care facilities. The findings indicate that nurses working in eldercare institutions faced significant challenges in caring for elderly people. Nurses need more legal, financial, educational, and emotional support. The study indicates that more organizational and national support is necessary for nursing staff to care for elderly people in eldercare Albanian institutions properly. Eldercare institution leaders need to recognize the importance of their role in overcoming the barriers and providing adequate support for their staff in caring for elderly people.

Impact of executive isolation on leadership and learning culture: a study across chief executive officers and employees of technology enterprises in India

Purpose Executive isolation, also known as workplace loneliness, its factors and impact are major issues for organizational development, future of work for leadership and learning culture. The purpose of this study is to examine the Executive isolation phenomenon where relationships between power distance, organizational culture and executive isolation of Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) are analysed on how it is considered by their teams. The same is contextualized through the inputs received through interviews conducted with CEOs and employee surveys. Design/methodology/approach The qualitative in-depth interviews of five CEOs, and survey across 34 of the 50 employees, were undertaken over the course of two phases of this study. The investigation focused on identifying executive isolation of CEOs and perspectives of employees that can impact the leadership and learning progress of organizations based on work culture, power distance and decision-making; awareness and experience of executive isolation; workplace friendliness and rejection; and management development initiatives to minimize the impact of executive isolation. Qualitative data analysis was conducted using MAXQDA 2022 (Verbi Software, Berlin, Germany), which is a qualitative data analysis software. Findings The findings highlight and expose the significant gap between understanding and analysing of the factors due to which the CEOs undergo executive isolation. It also extends to providing details related to the lack of awareness of the teams’ actions contributing to the CEOs’ isolation. It further highlights the fact that the difference of perspectives between the CEOs and teams leads to the organization slowing in its learning activities due to the leaders’ own challenges of executive isolation The findings also provide immense need of developing knowledge assets and management development initiatives for learning interventions, to help understand, analyse and mitigate executive isolation, in the interest of the organizational learning and development. Originality/value Earlier research work have contextualized the executive isolation impact on CEOs ability to be a leader. This study extends it to include the implications of leadership and learning culture on the teams that are affected by organization culture, power distance, decision-making and analysing the gap between the understandings about executive isolation of the CEOs. Eventually, it interprets how CEOs courting the executive isolation impacts the overall developmental culture of the organization. This will help in asserting the serious need of new learning frameworks needed to minimize the impact of CEO-level executive isolation.

Caregiver perceptions of a pediatric produce prescription program during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Produce prescription programs are rapidly expanding as a type of Food is Medicine intervention with prospects for mitigating food insecurity and reducing diet-related health disparities. Gaining insight into participant perspectives on program logistics and perceived impacts is crucial to program success and improvements. Between May and June 2021, we conducted individual and small group interviews with 23 caregivers with children aged 1-5 years who participated in a produce prescription program from 2020 to 2021 in Texas, U.S. They were provided with a gift card to a major national grocery retailer to purchase fresh produce. The card was reloaded $60 monthly for 8 months with automatic roll-over of unused funds to the next month. Participants also received nutrition education in the form of two videos. A deductive analysis approach was employed, and NVivo qualitative data analysis software was used to perform coding and to assist with subsequent analyses. All 23 participants were female, with an average age of 37.5 years, and the majority identified as Hispanic/Latino (83%). About 43% of the families had three or more children. Six themes were generated from interviews. Three of these themes were related to program logistics: (1) ease of program use; (2) participant satisfaction with the incentive; and (3) desire for additional store options. The remaining main themes pertained to program impact: (1) the enhanced ability to purchase produce; (2) the usefulness of the nutrition education; and (3) persistent challenges encountered when preparing the produce for picky eaters and young children. A pediatric produce prescription program was perceived as logistically easy and a helpful source of financial support for accessing fresh produce. Program features such as card-based incentive system and partnership with major grocery retailer were favored by participants. For future program design, it may be beneficial to consider collaborating with multiple grocery outlets and enhancing the intensity and targeting of nutrition education.

An Analysis of Stakeholders’ Perceptions of Moroccan Secondary School Quality

Quality becomes an integral part of a school when the staff’s thinking and vision align with the school’s culture as a global organization. Stakeholders such as school directors, administrators, educational inspectors, and guidance counsellors play a significant role in ensuring quality integration through effective managerial practices in schools. The research study follows a generally inductive qualitative method. The analysis used semi-structured interviews with stakeholders to explore their perceptions of quality in secondary schools. The 24 interviews were conducted, and their responses were transcribed into text, classified, sorted, and coded in the first stage. This was done with two researchers and experts in consultation. In the second stage, we utilized computer-assisted qualitative data analysis software. As a result, the sub-themes from the research have been grouped into 36 major themes in two phases. We identified perceived categories and themes that mainly revolved around the leadership of school heads and their participative management. This research contributes to an analytical discussion of school administrators’ and directors’ perceptions of quality. A set of generic and innovative multidimensional key performance indicators for school quality is finally proposed.

Slaughterhouse workers, bullfighters, and cockfighters in Ecuador: paradoxical moral and affective action on non-human animals

ABSTRACT The process of killing non-human animals demands certain psychosocial, affective, and moral processes. In the case of so-called ‘death-saturated environments’, psychic numbing and systematic desensitisation related to violent attitudes and behaviours against non-human animals acquire contradictory dimensions. To understand these processes in depth, this article proposes a theoretical perspective based on the social psychology of human-animal relations. Empirically, the study examines the experiences, attitudes, and worldviews of men in Ecuador whose jobs involve inflicting pain and death on animals and focuses on the ways in which these subjects deal with ‘moral stress’ and ‘the caring-killing paradox’. It examines how slaughterhouse workers, bullfighters, and cockfighters establish ambivalent relationships with the animals, characterised by a certain paradoxical moral and affective action. Eleven in-depth interviews, lasting one to three hours, were conducted for this purpose, and are analysed through the qualitative data analysis software Atlas.ti, using thematic analysis as a qualitative research technique.

Optimising textual analysis in higher education studies through computer assisted qualitative data analysis (CAQDAS) with ATLAS.ti

The main objective of this article is to highlight the importance of training in digital tools at the university level to foster the development of innovative and efficient data analysis from a scientific perspective. In an increasingly digitised world, the acquisition of digital skills has become a fundamental requirement for success in various disciplines, especially in conducting academic studies and research. The implementation of Computer-Aided Qualitative Data Analysis (CAQDAS) software, such as the ATLAS.ti platform, for text analysis not only enriches the educational experience but also prepares students to excel in an ever-evolving digital environment and raise the quality of their research. We present here a practical example of textual analysis in ATLAS.ti that can serve as a reference guide for similar studies based on content analysis of interviews. Various qualitative and quantitative data analysis options and techniques are explored that allow researchers to identify patterns, trends and relationships in the texts analysed, which contributes to a deeper understanding of the topics under study by transcending traditional methods of text analysis.

Examining the health and wellness of solo self-employed workers through narratives of precarity: a qualitative study

BackgroundIn recent decades, there has been a significant transformation in the world of work that is characterized by a shift from traditional manufacturing and managerial capitalism, which offered stable full-time employment, to new forms of entrepreneurial capitalism. This new paradigm involves various forms of insecure, contingent, and non-standard work arrangements. Within this context, there has been a noticeable rise in Self-Employed individuals, exhibiting a wide range of -working arrangements. Despite numerous investigations into the factors driving individuals towards Self-Employment and the associated uncertainties and insecurities impacting their lives and job prospects, studies have specifically delved into the connection between the precarious identity of Self-Employed workers and their overall health and well-being. This exploratory study drew on a ‘precarity’ lens to make contributions to knowledge about Self-Employed workers, aiming to explore how their vulnerable social position might have detrimental effects on their health and well-being.MethodsDrawing on in-depth interviews with 24 solo Self-Employed people in Ontario (January – July 2021), narrative thematic analysis was conducted based on participants' narratives of their work experiences. The dataset was analyzed with the support of NVIVO qualitative data analysis software to elicit narratives and themes.FindingsThe findings showed that people opt into Self-Employment because they prefer flexibility and autonomy in their working life. However, moving forward, in the guise of flexibility, they encounter a life of precarity, in terms of job unsustainability, uncertainties, insecurities, unstable working hours and income, and exclusion from social benefits. As a result, the health and well-being of Self-Employed workers are adversely affected by anger, anomie, and anxiety, bringing forward potential risks for a growing population.Conclusion and implicationsNeoliberalism fabricates a ‘precariat’ Self-Employed class. This is a social position that is vague, volatile, and contingent, that foreshadows potential threats of the health and wellbeing of a growing population in the changing workforce. The findings in this research facilitate some policy implications and practices at the federal or provincial government level to better support the health and wellbeing of SE'd workers.

Impact of Automated Prognostication on Traumatic Brain Injury Care: A Focus Group Study.

Prognosticating outcomes for traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients is challenging due to the required specialized skills and variability among clinicians. Recent attempts to standardize TBI prognosis have leveraged machine learning (ML) methodologies. This study evaluates the necessity and influence of ML-assisted TBI prognostication through healthcare professionals' perspectives via focus group discussions. Two virtual focus groups included ten key TBI care stakeholders (one neurosurgeon, two emergency clinicians, one internist, two radiologists, one registered nurse, two researchers in ML and healthcare and one patient representative). They answered six open-ended questions about their perceptions and potential ML use in TBI prognostication. Transcribed focus group discussions were thematically analyzed using qualitative data analysis software. The study captured diverse perceptions and interests in TBI prognostication across clinical specialties. Notably, certain clinicians who currently do not prognosticate expressed an interest in doing so independently provided they had access to ML support. Concerns included ML's accuracy and the need for proficient ML researchers in clinical settings. The consensus suggested using ML as a secondary consultation tool and promoting collaboration with internal or external research resources. Participants believed ML prognostication could enhance disposition planning and standardize care regardless of clinician expertise or injury severity. There was no evidence of perceived bias or interference during the discussions. Our findings revealed an overall positive attitude toward ML-based prognostication. Despite raising multiple concerns, the focus group discussions were particularly valuable in underscoring the potential of ML in democratizing and standardizing TBI prognosis practices.

Environmental Politics Through the Use of Social Media to Spread the Issue of Climate Change and Land Fires

Social media is employed in various acts, one of which is related to social movements, as in the example of social movements against climate change that use social media. This study seeks to understand the social media used in the climate change social movement that occurred on social media. This research's value and analysis portion was delivered through a descriptive narrative and a qualitative technique. This study also used qualitative data analysis software (Q-DAS) to learn about the trends in social media conversations and themes. Twitter was the social media platform employed in this study. This study addresses the following question: Q1 What kind of relevant climate change theme is spreading on social media? Q2 Explain the role of hashtags in the climate change debate. Q3 What is the nature of the narrative that has propagated on social media about climate change subjects, and how relevant is it? Q4: How does climate change affect social movements from the standpoint of Green Politics? The findings of this study are as follows: 1.) The climate change topic gained traction on social media. The narrative in this example avoided utilizing hashtags to promote and provide information about climate change talks. 2.) There is still a link between the hashtags for climate change talks on social media. 3.) The narration on the climate change topic is dominating, with hashtags used to ensure that the narration spreads and that netizens pay attention. 4.) The social media climate change movement is a form of green political practice.

A model for older adults’ coping with the death of their child: a grounded theory study

BackgroundLosing a child at an old age while also facing health problems and physical limitations can have significant negative impacts on parents’ lives such as anxiety, depression, and impairment in social functions. The process of coping with the death of a child is particularly unknown among older adults. Therefore, this study aimed to explore how older adults cope with the death of their child.MethodThis qualitative study was conducted in 2020–2021, using Corbin and Strauss (2015) approach to the grounded theory method. The sampling began purposefully and continued theoretically until theoretical saturation was achieved. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect data from Iranian older adults who had experienced the death of their child. To ensure data trustworthiness, the Guba and Lincoln (1985) criteria were utilized. A qualitative data analysis software, MAXQDA2020, was used to manage the data.FindingsThe results of this study were obtained from 27 participants. The main concern of older adults was the fear of their lives collapsing following the death of their child. Participants utilized three main strategies to address their concerns: attempting to rebuild themselves, connecting to a higher power, and searching for positivity amidst grief. The central category that emerged from the analysis was “improving physical, mental, and spiritual capacities,” resulting in personal growth and improved social relationships.ConclusionsThrough the use of the three aforementioned strategies, older adults were able to overcome their primary concern of the fear of their lives collapsing following the death of their child. Further development of the theory is suggested in order to design a model that can facilitate older adults’ coping with this difficult life event.