Qiqihar City Research Articles

Use of new-media health information among the elderly and its effect on their health and health management

BackgroundThe aim of this study to explore the use of new-media health information and its influence on their health and health management.MethodsA total of 208 elderly people in Qiqihar City were selected as the survey objects, and a questionnaire was used to investigate their access to health information through new-media platforms. We analyze the factors ( e.g., education、pre-retirement occupation, etc.) in the use of health information on new-media platforms.Results: Monthly income, educational level, pre-retirement occupation and attention of the new-media of the elderly had significant effects on health information acquisition (p < 0.05).ConclusionThe use of new-media health information among the elderly was diversified and had an impact on their health management. We should standardize the management of new-media health information dissemination platforms and publicize the use of new-media health information in a targeted way, to improve the self-health management of the elderly and reduce their burden on the national medical system.

Perioperative Effect of Nursing Model Based on Nursing Quality Evaluation System in Otorhinolaryngology Patients

Background: To explore the perioperative effect of the evaluation system of nursing quality in otorhinolaryngology patients. Methods: A total of 100 patients hospitalized in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar City, China in 2019 were selected as the control group, and routine nursing mode was adopted. The control group was data before the implementation of this study. A total of 100 patients (experimental group) hospitalized in the Department of Otolaryngology in 2020 were selected to adopt the nursing model constructed by nursing quality evaluation system. The adverse mood of patients in the two groups were evaluated at admission and discharge, and postoperative pain and satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results: Anxiety, depression and quality of life scores were improved in both groups, but the degree of improvement in experimental group was significantly higher than that in control group (t=481.759, 353.502, P＜0.05）, and the postoperative pain score in experimental group was lower than that in control group (t=54.086, P＜0.05). The satisfaction of experimental group was better than that of control group (χ2=30.327, P＜0.05). Conclusion: The nursing model based on the evaluation system of the nursing quality of otorhinolaryngology can relieve patients' adverse emotions, relieve postoperative pain of otorhinolaryngology patients, and improve patient satisfaction. Therefore, it is worth popularizing and applying in the future.

First report of leaf spot disease caused by Neopestalotiopsis rosae on Lonicera caerulea L. in Heilongjiang Province, China.

Recently, interest in cultivating blue honeysuckle (Lonicera caerulea L.) for horticulture and medicinal uses has grown (Sharma and Lee 2021). Between September 2022 and September 2023, a leaf spot disease (Fig. S1) was observed on approximately 20% of 'Lanjingling' blue honeysuckles grown in a 0.18 ha field in Qiqihar city (123.43°E, 47.92°N), Heilongjiang Province, China. Infected plants displayed black leaf spots that expanded to cover the entire leaf. Small, 3 to 4 mm segments of infected tissue were surface sterilized with 75% ethanol for 30 s and 5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) for 3 min, rinsed three times with sterile distilled water, dried on paper towels, and plated in 9 cm Petri dishes containing potato dextrose agar (PDA) (Ma et al. 2023). To induce sporulation, nine purified cultures (Fig. S2) with similar culture characteristics were finally obtained from ten infected plants and they displayed a conidia morphology consistent with Neopestalotiopsis spp., no other fungi were isolated, and the isolation frequency was 90%. Conidiomata (Fig. S3) were brown to black and distributed in concentric rings with an average size of 261.98 (60.30-451.80) μm (n = 50). The conidia (Fig. S3) were fusoid and had four septa, straight to slightly curved, with an average size of 23.48 (13.50-30.30) × 5.42 (4.50-9.30) μm(n = 50), while basal and apical cells were hyaline and the three middle cells were brown with darker septa. PCR amplification was performed with ITS1/ITS4 (White et al. 1990), EFl-728F/EF1-986R (Carbone and Kohn 1999), and Btub2Fd/Btub4Rd (Glass and Donaldson 1995) primers from the genomic DNA of the LD-330. Sequences of ITS (PP033584), TEF (PP048757), and TUB (PP048758) revealed 99 to 100% (499/500, 255/255, and 481/486) shared identity with Neopestalotiopsis rosae sequences (NR145243, KM199524, and KM199430) (Rebollar-Alviter et al. 2020). Therefore, based on morphological characteristics and molecular phylogeny, LD-330 was identified as N. rosae. Six two-year-old healthy plants of the 'Lanjingling' cultivar were selected for a pathogenicity test (Yan et al. 2023). The leaves were surface disinfected with 75% alcohol and then wiped with sterilized water three times. Three plants were inoculated with 10 ml of LD-330 conidial suspension (1 × 106 spores/ml) or with sterile water as an experimental control, respectively. All plants were in closed plastic bag, incubated in a greenhouse at 28 ℃ and 75% relative humidity (RH) under a 12-h light/dark cycle, and each experiment was performed three times (Rebollar-Alviter et al. 2020). Typical leaf spot symptoms were observed on inoculated leaves after 14 days (Fig. S4), whereas no symptoms were detected on water-treated leaves. The same pathogen was reisolated from infected leaves, displayed the same morphological and molecular traits, and was again identified as N. rosae, confirming Koch's postulate. Neopestalotiopsis rosae was previously reported on pecan (Gao et al. 2022), causing black leaf spot disease in China. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a blue honeysuckle leaf spot caused by N. rosae in China and specifically in the Heilongjiang province which has the largest blue honeysuckle cultivation area in the country. Future research should be directed toward developing comprehensive management measures.

Research on Evaluation Methods of Black Soil Farmland Productivity Based on Field Block Scale

Black soil plays an important role in maintaining a healthy ecosystem, promoting high-yield and efficient agricultural production, and conserving soil resources. In this paper, a typical black soil area of Keshan Farm in Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province, China, is used as a case study to investigate the black soil farmland productivity evaluation model. Based on the analysis of the composite index (CI) model, productivity index (PI) model and various machine learning models, the soil productivity evaluation method was improved and a prediction model was established. The results showed that the support vector machine regression model based on simulated annealing algorithm (SA-SVR), as well as the Gaussian process regression model (GPR), had obvious advantages in data preprocessing, feature selection, and model optimization compared to the modified composite index model (MCI), the modified productivity index model (MPI), and the coefficients of determination (R2) of their modelling, which were up to 0.70 and 0.71, respectively, and these machine learning prediction models can reflect the effects on maize cultivation and its yield through soil parameters even with small datasets, which can better capture the nonlinear relationship and improve the accuracy and stability of yield prediction, and is an effective method for guiding agricultural production as well as soil productivity evaluation.

First Report of Erysiphe astragali Causing Powdery Mildew on Astragalus mongholicus in China.

Astragalus mongholicus Bge. [A. membranaceus Bge. var. mongholicus (Bge.) Hsiao] is a highly valuable perennial medicinal plant mainly distributed in China, whose dry roots are known as Huangqi in traditional Chinese medicine for reinforcing vital energy, strengthening superficial resistance, and promoting tissue regeneration (Lin et al. 2000). A. mongholicus roots of high quality are produced in Northwest and North China. Since July 2021, powdery mildew outbreaks happened annually on the leaves of A. mongholicus in a plantation (123° 56' 40'' E, 47° 22' 20'' N) in Qiqihar city, Heilongjiang Province, China. Disease incidence reached 100% by October (Fig. 1A-C), causing severe impairment of growth. Powdery mildew spots of circular or irregular shapes emerged on upper surface of leaf, resulting in plentiful lesion specks. Dense white hyphae appeared chaotically intertwined. Hyphae were hyaline and highly flexuous, 5.3 - 10.7 μm in diameter (n = 20). Chasmothecia were globose or slightly ovoid-shaped and turned dark brown when matured. Chasmothecia (diameter: 135.2 - 222.9 μm, n = 20) existed abundantly on the diseased leaves in the fields. Conidiophores were 89.0 - 129.9 μm in length (n = 20) and composed of one cylindrical, straight foot cell, followed by two cells and one to three conidia. Conidia were slim ellipsoid-shaped, occasionally ovoid-shaped, measuring 14.6 - 24.7 μm by 6.4 to10.4 μm, length/width ratio was 1.8 - 3.0 (n = 30). Hyphal appressoria were nipple-shaped and appeared in singular, occasionally in pairs. Unbranched germ tube emerged reaching out of the germinating conidia while forming an acute angle with the long axis. Comprehensively, the pathogen exhibited micro-morphology of the genus Erysiphe. For molecular identification, pathogen was carefully scraped off diseased leaves for DNA extraction. We used the DNA samples of three biological replicates for the sequencing of the ITS rDNA fragment (primers by (White et al. 1990). All the samples resulted in an identical ITS sequence (deposited in GenBank as OQ390098.1). It displayed 99.83% identity with OP806835.1 of an E. astragali voucher collected in Iran (Fig. 1D-M, O). Hence, our pathogen was identified as an E. astragali stain. Additionally, we amplified the Mcm7 sequence (using primers by (Ellingham et al. 2019), deposited as OQ397582.1). We propagated 40-day-old A. mongholicus plants via germinating seeds in pot soil and performed pathogenicity tests. Firstly, we incubated detached healthy leaves of propagated plants with severely symptomatic leaves collected from the fields in petri dishes under saturated moisture content and room temperature. Powdery mildew symptoms emerged on each healthy leaf (n = 5) after two weeks. Further, we infected healthy plants (n = 5) by gently pressing and rubbing symptomatic leaves on each healthy leaf, and kept them in a greenhouse (24 ℃, 80% humidity, 16/8-hour light/dark cycle). After a month, symptoms emerged on a number of leaves of each infected plant. We performed micromorphology observation (Fig. 1N-P) and ITS sequencing to confirm that the results fulfilled Koch's postulates. Powdery mildew caused by E. astragali on A. strictus in Tibet (Wang and Jiang 2023) and on A. scaberrimus in Inner Mongolia (Sun et al. 2023) have been reported. Here we report powdery mildew caused by E. astragali on Astragalus mongholicus for the first time. These Astragalus spp. are all acknowledged to have medicinal values in China but their usages are quite different.

Measurement of cultivated land ecosystem resilience in black soil region of Northeast China under the background of cultivated land protection policy in China: Case study of Qiqihar City

Scientific understanding and measurement of cultivated ecosystem resilience is crucial for the protection of cultivated land represented by black soil and the sustainable development of cultivated land ecosystem. In this study, we took Qiqihar, a typical black soil region, as the study area and divided the cultivated land ecosystem into two subsystems, black soil ecology and human socioeconomic. And we constructed a “policy background - generation process - system composition” measurement element screening model (PGSM) to establish the subsystem index systems. Cultivated land ecosystem resilience in 2020 was measured by the Pressure-State-Response (PSR) model and the multiscale fusion model. The results showed that the resilience of the black soil ecological subsystem (54.27) in Qiqihar is higher than that of the socioeconomic subsystem (49.01), and their spatial distribution trends were opposite. The overall resilience of cultivated land ecosystem was moderately low (51.64) but spatially heterogeneous. Cultivated land resource endowment and human activities pressure had the greatest impact on the subsystem. Socioeconomic input was the primary problem in regional resilience. Based on these findings, we made suggestions for cultivated land protection in black soil regions. This study contributes to the scientific and comprehensive measurement of the cultivated land ecosystem resilience and provides reference for sustainable management of black soil systems in China and globally.

Land Cover Extraction in the Typical Black Soil Region of Northeast China Using High-Resolution Remote Sensing Imagery

The black soil region of Northeast China is one of the most fertile soil areas in the world and serves as a crucial grain-producing region in China. However, excessive development and improper utilization have led to severe land use issues. Conducting land cover extraction in this region can provide essential data support for monitoring and managing natural resources effectively. This article utilizes GF-6 remote sensing imagery as the data source and adopts the U-Net model as the backbone network. By incorporating residual modules and adjusting the convolution kernel size, a high-precision land cover extraction model called RAT-UNet is developed. Taking Qiqihar City as an example, the RAT-UNet model is applied to extract land cover information. The results are as follows: (1) The RAT-UNet model achieves high accuracy in land cover extraction, with the following accuracies for different land types: cropland (95.11%), forestland (93.61%), grassland (68.41%), water bodies (94.67%), residential land (89.40%), and unused land (87.25%). (2) The land cover extraction performance of the RAT-UNet model is superior to DeepLabV3, U-Net, SegNet, and LinkNet34 models. This research outcome provides methodological support for the intelligent and high-precision extraction of land cover information and also offers timely data for Qiqihar city’s land use planning.

Analysis of the gains and losses of ecosystem service value under land use change and zoning in Qiqihar

Under a background of uncoordinated economic development and the ecological environment, quantifying the ecological effect brought by land resource changes, have become research key and hotspots. To explore land use change and its impact on ecosystem service value (ESV), the land use change analysis method, ecosystem service evaluation model, flow direction analysis model and two-dimensional graph theory clustering method were used to analyze the profit and loss of ESV in Qiqihar in 2010 and 2020 and the division of ecological function areas with counties as units. The results show that: 1) The land use change in Qiqihar city is more obvious, Among them, the area of cultivated land, wetland, construction land and other increases, Woodland, grassland, water area decreased, The changed land area accounts for 30.95% of the total area; 2) The ESV in Qiqihar city increased by 869 million yuan, The sum of the value of cultivated land and wetland exceeded 70.0% of the ESV, is the main source of ESV in Qiqihar city; 3) Not all land-use shifts are conducive to ESV growth. The increase of ESV mainly comes from the flow of cultivated land and grassland to the wetland; Conversion of woodlands, water area, wetlands to other types causes ESV loss, the most loss is the conversion of wetlands to cultivated land; 4) Qiqihar city is divided into the central wetland ecological conservation area, the western characteristic agriculture and dotted wetland ecological function area, and the northeast agricultural ecological environment construction functional area. Three policies were proposed to improve ESV:(1) give play to the radiation role of wetland nature reserves; (2) popularize the black land protection technology model; and (3) prevent and control agricultural non-point source pollution and promote clean agriculture.

Study on Influencing Factors of Rural Digital Cultural Industry from Principal Component Analysis

The rural digital cultural industry plays a vital role in the rural revitalization and industrial development of Qiqihar City. In this study, I propose an analysis model for the influencing factors of the rural digital cultural industry in Qiqihar City based on principal component analysis. Firstly, I select preliminary indicators of the influencing factors of the rural digital cultural industry in Qiqihar City from many potential factors, which are further screened by Pearson correlation coefficient. Then, I construct an indicator system for the influencing factors of the rural digital cultural industry in Qiqihar City by using principal component analysis and identified 16 key factors including the gross output value of the primary industry, rural retail sales of consumer goods, total fiscal expenditure of the city, total power of agricultural machinery, gross output value of the tertiary industry, per capita net income of rural residents, local financial expenditure, broadband access ports of the internet, population with a college diploma, government agricultural financial expenditure, fixed asset investment in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery, the number of telephone-accessible villages in the city, number of people with undergraduate education or above, area of machine-planted crops, Engel coefficient of rural residents' household expenditure, and population with a high school education or above.

Brief Analysis of the Development of Livestock Economy in Qiqihar City under the Rural Revitalization Strategy

Brief Analysis of the Development of Livestock Economy in Qiqihar City under the Rural Revitalization Strategy

Research, Analysis and Suggestions on the Comprehensive Utilization of Straw in Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province

Research, Analysis and Suggestions on the Comprehensive Utilization of Straw in Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province

Spatiotemporal changes of cultivated land use system resilience in the black soil region of Northeast China under food supply security: A case study of Qiqihar City

Spatiotemporal changes of cultivated land use system resilience in the black soil region of Northeast China under food supply security: A case study of Qiqihar City

Previous School Bullying-Associated Depression in Chinese College Students: The Mediation of Personality.

Previous school bullying was associated with increased risk of depression in students. However, little was known about the role of the Big Five personality traits in this association. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible mediation by the Big Five personality traits in this association in a large group of Chinese college students, and to provide help for educators to prevent students from serious psychological and mental diseases caused by school bullying. Random stratified cluster sampling was used to survey 2152 college students ranging from freshmen to seniors at three universities in Qiqihar city, Heilongjiang Province, China. The risk factors for previous school bullying included gender, living expenses per month, caregivers, parents often quarreling, and divorced parents. Males were more likely to be bullied at school than females. The influencing factors of depression include gender, caregivers, living expenses per month, frequent parents quarreling, and parental divorce. Females were more prone to depression than males. Depression was significantly correlated with all dimensions of school bullying and the Big Five personality traits (p &lt; 0.05). The Big Five personality traits were found to play a significant mediating role between depression and school bullying in up to 45% of cases involving depression. Our major findings highlighted the promising role of personality-based intervention measures in reducing the risk of depression associated with school bullying in Chinese students.

How Do Presenteeism and Family Functioning Affect the Association Between Chinese Nurses' Job Stress and Intention to Stay?

Despite a great deal of existing research on nurses' job stress and intention to stay, it is still unclear how the association between Chinese nurses' job stress and intention to stay is affected by presenteeism and family functioning. This study aimed to investigate the correlations of Chinese nurses' job stress, presenteeism, and family functioning with their intention to stay and clarify the mediating effect of presenteeism and the moderating effect of family functioning on the association between their job stress and intention to stay. A cross-sectional study of 1,008 nurses was performed in a major general hospital in Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province, China. The participants were invited to engage in a questionnaire survey regarding job stress, presenteeism, family functioning, and intention to stay. A moderated mediation analysis was conducted through multiple linear regression analysis and the PROCESS macro. Job stress and presenteeism were negatively correlated with intention to stay, whereas family functioning was positively correlated with intention to stay. The effect of job stress on intention to stay was partially mediated by presenteeism (Effect = -0.147, 95% CI = [-0.305, -0.003]). In addition, family functioning moderated the direct effect of job stress on intention to stay (Index = -0.134, 95% CI = [-0.274, -0.001]). Presenteeism and family functioning were found to play mediating and moderating roles, respectively, in the relationship between job stress and intention to stay. Relevant interventions or family-friendly programs should be developed to enhance nurses' intention to stay.

Theoretical basis and technical path for the regional all-for-one customization model of black soil granary

The black soil area in Northeast China serves as a “ballast” to ensure China’s food security. Unreasonable development and utilization lead to serious black soil degradation in some areas and affect regional food production and economic and social development. In the context of the intensification of the contradiction between food supply and demand worldwide, we should pay more attention to the overall situation of regional sustainable development and seek for systematic, scientific, and economic solutions. This study establishes a regional all-for-one customization model of black soil granary on the basis of the regional system of human—land relationship, customized and accurate management, agricultural system theory, and agricultural informatization with the guidance of integrated geography concept. The aim of this regional all-for-one customization model is to systematically diagnose the key problems and leading factors of black soil degradation and determine a solution that combines the commonness and individuality of black soil protection from the perspective of multiscale linkage, multifactor coupling, and multitechnology cooperation. The regional all-for-one customization model of black soil granary integrates the two perspectives of “regional” and “customization” into the protection and comprehensive utilization of black soil for the first time. It adopts zoning, grading, and classification as the main strategy and big data and artificial intelligence as the main technical approaches. This model constructs three strategies of different scales by combining the “satellite—air—ground—network” 3D monitoring system and the all-for-one customization platform driven by big data and artificial intelligence. First, the “implementing strategies by regions” are implemented at the regional scale to formulate the regional agricultural resource allocation scheme and agricultural zoning, which can provide strategies to protect and utilize black soil effectively. Second, the “determining strategies in accordance with villages” are implemented at the village scale to formulate a black soil protection and utilization model for different categories of villages, which can promote the organic integration of black soil protection and rural revitalization. Third, a “one strategy for one field” concept is applied at the field scale to provide accurate strategies for soil restoration and yield improvement in a fixed, quantitative, and regular manner. Multiscale integrated demonstration and scheme verification of the regional all-for-one customization model of black soil granary are conducted in Qiqihar City at three scales, namely, region, village, and field, to solve the key issues in black soil protection and utilization and form a replicable and popularized system solution, thereby providing a model for the sustainable development of Chinese and global black soil agriculture. The proposed regional all-for-one customization model of black soil granary has important theoretical and practical value in promoting the high-quality development of regional agriculture and rural revitalization, and provides a demonstration model of land protection and utilization for the black soil area in China and the whole world.

Efficacy and safety of combination of ulinastatin and meglumine cyclic adenosine monophosphate in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction, and its effect on serum levels of hs-CRP, cTnI and CK

Purpose: To determine the efficacy and safety of a combination of ulinastatin and meglumine cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and its effect on serum levels of hypersensitive-c-reactive protein (hs-CRP), cardiac troponin I (cTnI), creatine kinase (CK).Methods: A total of 90 AMI patients admitted to The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province, China from January 2019 to January 2020 were selected and randomized (in a 1:1 ration) into control group and study group. Patients in the two groups received meglumine cAMP, while those in the study group were, in addition, treated with ulinastatin. The two groups were compared with regard to clinical efficacy, cardiac function indices, serum biochemical indices, incidence of drug-related side effects, duration and number of episodes of angina pectoris, and levels of neuroendocrine hormones.Results: The study group exhibited remarkably higher treatment effectiveness and cardiac function indices compared to the control group (p &lt; 0.05). However, lower levels of serum biochemical indices, lower total incidence of drug toxicity, smaller number and shorter duration of angina pectoris, and lower levels of panel reactive antibodies (PRA) were observed in the study when compared to control group (p&lt; 0.001).Conclusion: Treatment of AMI patients with the combination of ulinastatin and meglumine cAMP significantly reduces the clinical symptoms of the patients, with remarkable efficacy and high safety. Furthermore, it down-regulates serum levels of hs-CRP, cTnI and CK. Thus, the combination treatment seems superior to the conventional therapy.

The Relationship between Dietary Patterns and Bone Mineral Density of 476 Middle-Aged and Aged People.

Background:To investigate the relationship between different dietary patterns and the levels of bone mineral density (BMD) in middle-aged and aged people, and to provide references for the nutritional prevention of osteoporosis.Methods:A total of 476 residents aged 45 yr or more in Qiqihar City were enrolled from Aug 2018 to Feb 2019. They took a Food Frequency Questionnaire for dietary survey. Their dietary patterns were analyzed using the factor analysis method, and BMD were detected using ultrasound bone densitometer, to explore the relationship between different dietary patterns and BMD levels.Results:Four dietary patterns were obtained in the survey: relatively balanced, oil-salt, milk-tuber, and aquatic. Among them, the prevalence of osteoporosis reached 21.8%. High-level relatively balanced dietary pattern (OR=0.588, 95%CI= 0.363–0.951) and high-level dairy-potato food dietary pattern (OR=0.668, 95%CI= 0.370–0.983) were associated with lower risk of osteoporosis.Conclusion:A balanced diet and a high intake of dairy-potato food dietary pattern were associated with a lower prevalence of osteoporosis. It is recommended that middle-aged and aged people should have a balanced diet with more dairy products and potatoes to protect bone health.

The Spatiotemporal Changes and the Impacts of Climate Factors on Grassland in the Northern Songnen Plain (China)

Grassland is an important ecosystem; the spatiotemporal evolution trend of grassland and its impacts on climatic factors play an irreplaceable role in maintaining regional sustainable development and ecological balance. In this paper, based on the remote sensing images of 1990, 2000, 2010, 2020, and 3S technology, we use the methods of dynamic rate and transfer matrix to analyze the spatiotemporal evolution trend of the northern Songnen Plain (China). The method of grey correlation is used to analyze the impact of climate factors on it. The results showed that the grassland changed dramatically and unevenly across the three periods of 1990–2000, 2000–2010, and 2010–2020, with the biggest change in the last period. The internal conversion of grassland mainly occurred between H-grassland (high coverage grassland) and M-grassland (medium coverage grassland), while the transformation rarely occurred in L-grassland (low coverage grassland) due to its small area. There has been a transfer-in from cultivated land, woodland, and unused land to H-grassland and M-grassland. The grassland transfer-out was mainly from H-grassland and M-grassland to cultivated land and unused land. What’s more, the transformation mainly occurred in Daqing City, Suihua City, Qiqihar city, as well as occurring in the west of Harbin and the southwest of Heihe city. Climate change has exacerbated the reduction of grassland areas. In summary, the spatiotemporal change rates of grassland area in the north of Songnen Plain initially showed a mild decrease and were then followed by a rapid decrease. Climate factors were of great significance to the spatiotemporal changes of grassland, and precipitation had a greater impact on the reduction of grassland. The results can provide meaningful information for grassland change, grassland protection, and management in the northern Songnen Plain.

Study on the variation characteristics of tropospheric ozone in Northeast China.

The goal of this study was to understand the current status of ozone pollution in Northeast China and to distinguish the main influencing factors of ozone, in order to provide a scientific basis for the future prevention and control of ozone in this region. In this study, the Ozone Monitoring Instrument data product was used as the source data, and the pixel space analysis method and grey correlation analysis method were utilized to examine the tropospheric ozone column concentration in Northeast China from 2010 to 2018. The results revealed that the ozone column concentration in Northeast China was relatively high compared to other parts of the country. The high-value areas were primarily distributed in Tahe County, Heihe City, Hegang City, and Qiqihar City. The temporal variation of the ozone column concentration in Northeast China exhibited an obvious periodicity of 9 years, and its interannual change displayed a downward trend. The maximum value occurred in 2010, and the minimum value was found in 2016. The seasonal changes manifested a relative trend of spring > winter > summer > autumn, which was contrary to the research results for other parts of China, which showed a summer maximum. Among the influencing factors, atmospheric pressure, relative humidity, sunshine hours, GDP, and primary and secondary industries exhibited the closest relationships with ozone. The high concentration of ozone in Northeast China was determined to result from the superimposed effects of long-distance atmospheric transport and anthropogenic emissions.

Relationships of organisational justice, psychological capital and professional identity with job burnout among Chinese nurses: A cross-sectional study.

The present study was aimed at describing the status of job burnout and exploring the mediating roles of psychological capital and professional identity on the association between organisational justice and job burnout. With the shortage of nurses all over the world, nurses' job burnout has become the focus of studies in recent years. However, limited published research has examined the mediating roles of psychological capital and professional identity on the association between organisational justice and job burnout within hospital contexts in China. A cross-sectional design. A total of 1,009 nurses were enrolled from a major general hospital located in Qiqihar City in the northeast of China from March-July 2018, and asked to complete questionnaires regarding organisational justice, psychological capital, professional identity and job burnout. The STROBE checklist was adhered to in this study. It was observed that the overall proportion of nurses with job burnout was 58.8%. All the correlations among organisational justice, psychological capital, professional identity and job burnout were statistically significant, with coefficients ranging between -0.487-0.863. Psychological capital and professional identity had indirect effects equal to -0.072 and -0.142, respectively, on the association between organisational justice and job burnout, taking up 13.7% and 26.9% of the total effect, respectively. The serial indirect effect of psychological capital and professional identity was -0.129, accounting for 24.5% of the total effect. This study showed the necessity of addressing the status of job burnout among Chinese nurses. Psychological capital and professional identity may mediate the linkage between organisational justice and job burnout independently and accumulatively. Nursing managers should strengthen organisational justice and improve the psychological capital and professional identity of nurses through effective strategies to prevent the job burnout of nurses.