Leisure Purposes Research Articles

Assessment of weather-driven travel behavior on a small-scale docked bike-sharing system usage

Bike-sharing systems play a crucial role in encouraging sustainable transportation, and understanding their usage characteristics is essential for enhancing their contribution to urban mobility. This research seeks to investigate how weather conditions impact the utilization of a small-scale docked bike-sharing system. The study employed Generalized Linear Mixed Effects (GLME) models to analyze interactive events, using categorized weather parameters to represent various weather conditions. Several models were developed to comprehensively understand distinct travel behaviors and identify significant weather variables affecting the frequency of bike trips for transportation and leisure purposes. The findings reveal that rain had a significant deterrent effect on leisure cycling, particularly on weekdays. Cold and hot weather conditions exhibited a more pronounced impact on weekday bike trips, while weekend bike trips appeared to be less influenced by weather variables. The fall season was found to be the least favorable for leisure trips, while winter was determined to be the most unfavorable for transportation trips. Furthermore, hot days in the summer season negatively impacted bike usage only on weekdays. These insights have important implications for the development of a more resilient bike-sharing system, particularly in small-scale contexts. They provide valuable recommendations for tailored strategies to mitigate the impact of adverse weather conditions, thereby fostering an increase in usage of bike-sharing systems for both leisure and transportation purposes.

Study of pleasantness maps and perceived predominant sound sources in a university campus soundscape analysis

The soundscape within a University campus is very complex, covering different environments, such as quiet areas to enhance focus during work and study sessions, parking lots, internal road networks, but also vibrant spaces for leisure purposes. These aspects depict University campuses as a perfect example for exploring complex soundscape analyses, and innovative methodologies for its assessment and mapping. This study presents and explores field data regarding the soundscape in selected points of the Fisciano campus of the University of Salerno (Italy) collected during a soundwalk, as well as pleasantness data obtained in crowdsourcing mode during NoiseCapture parties in the campus area. The soundwalk has been performed according to the ISO 12913, while the crowdsourced data was gathered using the NoiseCapture app. Maps of the soundscape pleasantness have been obtained using an interpolation approach on the crowdsourced data, validated on the soundwalk results and merged with the land use and facility map, to investigate the main role of sound sources in the soundscape's pleasantness rating. The results have been also compared with the predominance rated during the soundwalk. By comparing physical parameters, pleasantness data, and perceptual aspects, this study offers interesting insights on the complex soundscape of the university setting.

Underwater Mediterranean image analysis based on the compute continuum paradigm

Human activity depends on the oceans for food, transportation, leisure, and many more purposes. Oceans cover 70% of the Earth’s surface, but most of them are unknown to humankind. This is the reason why underwater imaging is a valuable resource asset to Marine Science. Images are acquired with observing systems, e.g. autonomous underwater vehicles or underwater observatories, that presently transmit all the raw data to land stations. However, the transfer of such an amount of data could be challenging, considering the limited power supply and transmission bandwidth of these systems. In this paper, we discuss these aspects, and in particular how it is possible to couple Edge and Cloud computing for effective management of the full processing pipeline according to the Compute Continuum paradigm.

Mode Choice and Value of Time on Long-Distance Vacation Trips

Long-distance travel for leisure purposes, especially international travel, has grown dramatically over the past decades. Although its share of the total number of trips is small, it accounts for a significantly larger share of total distance and greenhouse gas emissions, with the accompanying adverse environmental consequences. One remedy might be to urge tourists to travel on vacation by rail rather than car, which is less harmful to the environment. However, it is not clear how to persuade them to do so, since knowledge of the determinants of mode choice for international vacation travel is quite limited. To fill this gap, we collected survey data among tourists, mostly international, visiting the Austrian Alps and estimated a choice model between personal vehicle and rail. The results revealed a cost dumping effect, and the significant influence of factors related to overall travel convenience, luggage transport, travel party size, and the accessibility of the destination by rail. The tourists reacted with little elasticity to changes in cost and travel time, and exhibited a higher value of time than in other studies on long-distance travel, which was also higher than the hourly wage in their home countries. This article delivers valuable evidence that could contribute to improved long-distance rail services, more accurate project appraisals, and better marketing campaigns and transportation policies to make rail more competitive against the personal vehicle, and facilitate more sustainable vacation travel.

Tourists’ Littering Behavior and Feeling of Guilt: Implications for Sustainable Coastal Destination Management

Though tourists have long been acknowledged to litter beaches during their holidays, there is little empirical focus on understanding the characteristics of tourists who litter beaches. Based on data obtained from 843 international tourists who visited two main coastal destinations in Ghana and analyzed with binary logistic regression and chi-square test of independence, it is revealed that close to half of the tourists admitted to littering beaches during their holiday in Ghana. Further, male tourists, younger adults, high school leavers, those who traveled to Ghana in the company of others, as well as those who visited for the purpose of leisure have the highest probability of littering beaches. Among those who littered, females, older adults, bachelors and postgraduate qualification holders, and those who visited for the sake of seeing friends and family and business felt guilty for their littering behavior. The implications of these findings in the context of promoting sustainable tourist behavior at coastal destinations are discussed.

Indian Tourism - Emerging Opportunities, Challenges and Future Trends

Travel and tour have always been part and parcel of everyone’s life. The need for recuperation from the tensions of modern life forced people to take up tours for leisure and medical purposes. This increase in general awareness among people for travelling has created a favourable condition for the growth of the tourism sector in India. India is divinely blessed with nature, diverse geographical attractions, and destinations. The tourism sector has always been a bright spot in India, due to its growth potential and its impact on the economy. But, as every sector has its strengths, so have its weaknesses and threats. Therefore, this study takes an in-depth analysis based on secondary data about the strengths, weaknesses, threats, opportunities, and future trends of Indian Tourism. The study also tries to provide suggestions that can be considered by authorities, stakeholders, and tourism departments for the improvement of the sector.

Understanding the large role of long-distance travel in carbon emissions from passenger travel

Long-distance passenger travel has received rather sparse attention for decarbonization. Here we characterize the long-distance travel pattern in England and explore its importance on carbon emissions from and decarbonization of passenger travel. We find that only 2.7% of a person’s trips are for long distance travel (>50 miles one-way), but they account for 61.3% of the miles and 69.3% of the greenhouse gas (CO2 equivalent) emissions from passenger travel, highlighting its importance for decarbonizing passenger transport. Long-distance travel per person has also been increasing over time, trending in the opposite direction to shorter-distance travel. Flying for leisure and social purposes are the largest contributors to long distance miles and emissions, and these miles are also increasing. Overall, per capita travel emissions have started decreasing slowly from 2007, but are still higher than in 1997. We propose a new metric—emissions reduction sensitivity (% emission reduced/% trips altered)—to understand the efficiency of travel demand related initiatives to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Long-distance travel—especially flying—can offer orders of magnitude larger emissions reduction sensitivity compared with urban travel, which suggests that a proportionate policy approach is necessary.

729 Enabling Children with Long Term Tracheostomies to Re-Enter the Water for Leisure or Therapeutic Purposes – the Potential to Adapt an Adult Care Model into the Paediatric Setting

729 Enabling Children with Long Term Tracheostomies to Re-Enter the Water for Leisure or Therapeutic Purposes – the Potential to Adapt an Adult Care Model into the Paediatric Setting

Socioeconomic inequalities in greenhouse gas emissions from household travel in Aotearoa/New Zealand

BackgroundA just transition to a decarbonised transport system requires understanding current inequity in transport-related greenhouse gas emissions (GHGe). MethodsWe used the population-based nationally representative New Zealand Household Travel Survey (2015–2018 data) to examine inequalities in GHGe from household travel by NZDep (an area measure of socioeconomic position [SEP]). ResultsThere was a broadly linear association between SEP and GHGe from household travel. People resident in the least deprived areas emitted around 79 % more GHGe per week from household travel than those in the most [mean 63.6 CO2eq (95 %CI 58.5–68.6) compared to 35.6 kg CO2eq (95 %CI (32.6–38.6)]. Most of the difference was due to the additional 97 km per week travelled by car by people resident in the least deprived areas. Residents in the least deprived areas travelled further and more frequently for paid and unpaid work and leisure purposes than those in the most. Air travel also showed significant inequities with 2.4 % of residents in the least deprived areas reporting air travel in the last week compared to 0.1 % in the most deprived. Air travel was the second largest source of mean weekly transport emissions in residents living in the least deprived areas. ConclusionThere are large inequities by area deprivation in GHGe from household travel in Aotearoa/New Zealand. Transport policy needs to focus on measures to reduce emissions that are effective and reduce inequities. Significant work on policy processes, design and evaluation need to occur to facilitate this dual transformation.

Exploring the Role of Destination Management Organizations (DMOs) in Leveraging Social Media as a Destination Marketing Tool: Insights from Himachal Pradesh

TOURISM: Tourism is the movement of people to destinations outside their usual environment for various reasons, including leisure, business, or other purposes. These visitors' activities, known as the visitor economy, can have a significant impact on the visited locations economically, socially, and culturally. This can involve enjoying recreational activities, relaxation, and pleasure, often with the help of established businesses offering services and experiences. Tourism is a multifaceted and dynamic industry that has evolved significantly over the years. It encompasses the movement of people to destinations outside their usual environment for personal or recreational purposes, contributing substantially to the global economy and generating employment opportunities and income for millions. The tourism industry can be broadly categorized into two primary types: international tourism, where tourists travel to foreign lands, and domestic tourism, where tourists explore their own country. The most frequently visited countries by international tourists include France, Spain, the United States, China, Italy, Turkey, Mexico, and the United Kingdom. Tourism serves as a crucial industry, providing employment and income to millions of people worldwide and contributing significantly to the economies of various nations. The steady rise in popularity of tourism since the 1950s can be attributed to advancements in technology, the proliferation of the internet, the increasing availability of paid vacations, demographic changes, and media exposure. The tourism life cycle, proposed by Professor Richard Butler, consists of four stages: initial discovery, growth, decline, and regeneration. This model helps us understand the pattern of popularity that tourist destinations follow. Tourism is not limited to leisure activities; it also includes business tourism, cultural travel, environmental effects of aviation, international tourism advertising, medical tourism, and science tourism, among others. The United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) plays a crucial role in promoting responsible, sustainable, and universally accessible tourism, providing statistics and insights on key indicators for inbound and outbound tourism globally. In conclusion, tourism is a complex and multifaceted industry that has a significant impact on the global economy and local communities. It encompasses various forms, including international and domestic tourism, and serves as a crucial source of employment and income for millions of people worldwide.

Public engagement, digital technology and transport: engaging through open, early and experience-centred perspectives at scale

ABSTRACT Public transport plays a significant role in people’s everyday lives for commuting, business, and leisure purposes. Increasingly, the way the public is able to access information about passenger services has been transformed through digitalisation. Despite these digital transformations there remain very few opportunities for people to become directly involved in shaping the design of public transport at an early stage to reflect their personal preferences and experiences. In this paper, we outline and analyse an innovative digital engagement strategy for new trains on the Tyne and Wear Metro network in North East England. This engagement involved people in the design, specification, and detailed features of a new fleet of trains. This was successful in generating over 33,000 public engagements that, in turn, shaped the design and procurement of the trains prior to construction. We discuss how participatory digital technologies can be used to configure engagement, facilitating critical and constructive commentaries. We describe how centring people’s experiences, imagination and curiosity can lead to more meaningful engagement through digitalisation, where the public are not merely the users of transport services but may also be its architects.

The Influence Of Destination Image and Electronic Word Of Mouth (E-WOM) On Tourist’s Intention To Visit Keranggan Ecotourism Village

Tourism refers to a series of travel activities undertaken by individuals or groups from their place of residence to various destinations solely for leisure purposes, excluding work-related or income-generating motives. The tourism industry holds significant importance as it contributes to foreign exchange earnings, facilitates transactions amounting to trillions of rupiah, generates employment opportunities, and fosters product development. This study adopts a quantitative approach, employing a questionnaire administered through Google Forms for data collection. Data analysis is conducted using SPSS version 25. The population size is undetermined, with non-probability sampling employed as the sampling technique. The sample comprises 96 individuals who exhibit an interest in or intend to visit Keranggan ecotourism village, having accessed information about it via social media. The research findings reveal an R-Square value of 0.708, indicating that 70.8% of the variance in visiting interest can be explained by destination image and electronic word of mouth variables. Specifically, the study highlights the significant and positive influence of destination image on visiting interest, as well as the positive impact of electronic word of mouth (e-WOM) on the same

Impact of Natural Disaster on the Tourism Possibilities Case Study of Himachal Pradesh

In both India and globally, all three sectors play pivotal roles in GDP production. The service sector, among them, has exhibited notable growth in recent years. An integral segment within the service and industrial domains is the tourism industry, which has flourished over an extended period, presenting ample opportunities for related sectors. India's economic advancement has significantly benefited from its thriving tourism industry, which attracts a substantial influx of domestic and international travelers for both business and leisure purposes. Beyond contributing to the revenue of towns and nations, tourism fosters local employment opportunities and showcases India's rich heritage sites, festivals, and natural landscapes, all of which are highly esteemed by visitors. For numerous years, natural and human-induced disasters have adversely impacted the nation's tourism sector. People bear the brunt of these calamities, experiencing severe disruptions in their social and economic lives. The states of Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh, known for their vibrant tourism industry, fall within India's disaster-prone zones. A robust economy is vital for the tourism sector, which is relatively susceptible to fluctuations, to flourish. The response of the tourism industry to such disasters underscores its vulnerability to abrupt changes in the local economy. This thesis underscores prior research indicating that both natural and human-induced disasters can detrimentally affect employment within the tourism sector. Focusing predominantly on economic ramifications, the paper delves into disasters occurring over the past two decades, with particular emphasis on the significant impact of the 2023 floods in Himachal Pradesh, which reverberated across northern India. Seniors' exposure, sensitivity, and capacities when combined with potentially dangerous situations might severely impair their ability to function normally. It affects people in a socioeconomic, psychological, and physical way. The Depending on their age group, the disaster's impact could be different in degree.

РЕКРЕАЦИОННЫЕ ПРОСТРАНСТВА ГОРОДА, ИХ ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ Г. БЕЛГОРОДА)

The article is devoted to the problem of the state of public recreational spaces in modern cities, including Belgorod. The relevance of this problem is conditioned by the fact that such structures are not only an integral part of the cultural life of citizens, they constitute the ecological framework of any city, which makes life in it comfortable and gives an impetus to its active development. Thus, the reconstruction of park areas and their integration into park urban complexes will allow to use the territory more effectively, to adjust it to the ever-changing demands of society. The authors of the article considered the main features of the territories of different types of landscaping and different purposes of public urban leisure, analyzed the zones of several parks of Belgorod on the subject of landscaping and functional filling. Such an analysis of the urban planning situation will allow to better see the relationship of public recreational spaces in the city, to identify positive and negative qualities, to better understand the directions of their development. As a result of the study, an assessment of the current state of public recreational structures in the city is formulated, and proposals to improve their condition are put forward with some recommendations. Modernization of parks and other recreational spaces with saturation of them with new functional zones will be one of the factors of sustainable development of the city

Consuming Royalty

Consuming Royalty

From yachts to spacecraft: Legal aspects of space tourism ventures in comparison with the legal regime governing marine tourism

Until recently space travel was considered a privilege of governmental astronauts, with the exception perhaps of a few billionaire space tourists, who had been accommodated on the International Space Station on some rare occasions. Nonetheless, with major space pioneers announcing plans for space tourism activities and after the successful launch in orbit of space tourism vehicles from the Virgin Galactic and Blue Origin companies, academic interest about human spaceflight for purposes of leisure and recreation has ignited. Taking into account that space tourism is in fact an unregulated activity, this paper will firstly examine whether space tourism activities fall under the scope of space law or under the scope of international air law, depending on the planned trajectory of the space tourism vehicle. Furthermore, the authors will attempt to draw conclusions concerning the legal implications of space tourism activities through a comparative analysis with the 1974 Athens Convention on the Carriage of Passengers and the Carriage of their Luggage by Sea. This international convention provides a great example on the regulation of touristic ventures, as it refers to commercial touristic activities realized within a res communis omnium, i.e., the high seas, similarly with touristic activities in space. Moreover, said Convention provides for a specialized regime for touristic activities and is of particular interest, since it has achieved stability and a desirable balance of interests between private tourism operators and passengers. In this connection, the authors will evaluate the provisions of the 1974 Athens Convention in comparison with the space treaties applicable to space tourism activities. Furthermore, suggestions will be made as to whether it would be appropriate and feasible to introduce in the space law realm certain rules of law similar to those of the 1974 Athens Convention, in order to facilitate growth in the space tourism sector, without compromising the safety of human spaceflight for space passengers.

Value of travel time savings for leisure trip in autonomous vehicles: Case study from the Tokyo Metropolitan Area

This study estimates the value of travel time savings (VTTSs) in autonomous vehicles (AVs) for leisure trip, using data collected from a stated-choice survey in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area, Japan. The survey was implemented through an internet monitoring program from February to March 2020, collecting 1,224 responses to stated-choice questions from 204 respondents. The survey was designed to request that the respondents choose AV or non-AV under six hypothetical conditions of travel time and cost when they are assumed to be using a car rental service to travel alone for a leisure purpose trip. Simple binary logit models are employed with two types of specifications in the utility function. First, the estimation results of the models without heterogeneity in the utility function showed that the VTTS in AVs is lower than that in non-AVs by approximately 7.3 % on average; however, the reduction of VTTS is not statistically significant. Second, the estimation results of the models incorporating observable heterogeneity into the marginal utility with respect to travel time also revealed that the individual’s preference of in-vehicle multitasking, age, and gender do not significantly affect the reduction of VTTS in AVs. Finally, changes in preference of AV-unique multitasking may affect VTTS, which should be monitored for future updating the VTTS guidelines.

The impact and risk factors of recreational drug poisoning in patients admitted to the emergency room of Bab El Oued

Recreational drug refers to the use of drugs that are not intended for medical reasons but for its psychoactive nature and leisure. In the Middle East and worldwide, drug abuse is a growing problem for authorities Materials and methods: We carried out a descriptive and analytic cohort study. We included all cases aged over 16 years presented to the emergency department (SU) of the Lamine Debaghine-Bab El Oued University hospital, between November 2020 to October 2021 presenting acute toxicity due to self-reported recreational drug use or exhibiting symptoms/signs consistent with acute toxicity. Furthermore, we carried out a multivariate analysis by logistic regression to eliminate all confounding factors around the risk of morbidity and mortality of poisoned patients. Results: The mean age was 18-year-old. they are mostly due to prescription medicine.50.7% of the cases are dual consumptions of leisure drugs. 51% stayed more than 13h. Starting from the initial model (Table 01), the explanatory variables which remained significant in the final model illustrated as follows: Signs of cardiac collapse or decompensation significantly increased the risk of hospitalization and intensive care unit admission. They multiplied the risk by 2.5: ORa= 2.5 (1.1 – 5.81) CI 95% Discussion: We highlighted that drug abuse started at a really young age in our population. we noticed a preponderance of dual and medicinal drugs, a longer duration of hospitalization and a significantly increased risk of cardiac events Conclusion: We could relate the pretty young age and duration of stay to the lake of awareness, social level and the accessibility to prescription medicine for a leisure purpose

Three measures of internet use, social media use and video game playing as predictors of insomnia during the pandemic among students

Existing research indicates that the relationship between digital technology use and insomnia can largely depend on which digital technology measure and which insomnia measure is considered. Data on 4261 Slovenian tertiary students was gathered through an online survey in February 2021, which included measures of depression and insomnia symptoms, as well as measures of internet, social media and video game use divided into three measurement levels (use, duration of use, addictive use). Regression analysis revealed an apparent effect of measurement level, where addictive use measures consistently outperformed other technology use measures in predicting insomnia. Regardless of measurement level, social media use seems to produce more risk for insomnia, compared to playing video games or general internet use for leisure purposes. Importantly, a single measure of depression symptoms explained more variance in insomnia than the nine measures of digital technology use combined, meaning that the effect of digital technology on sleep should not be overstated. Most of the effect of social media use on insomnia may in fact be explained by understanding users' depression symptoms. In case of gaming, a larger part of its effect on insomnia is independent of depression symptoms.

The Origin of The Legendary Specialty Food Nasi Uduk: A Review of SWOT Analysis

Tourism is an activity that involves the travel and visit of a person or group of people to a place or area outside of their place of residence for recreational, leisure, business, or educational purposes. The term tourism encompasses various activities such as travel, lodging, food, and other recreational activities undertaken by tourists during the period of their visit. Culinary tourism is a travel activity or part of it that is carried out voluntarily and temporarily to enjoy typical food or drinks. One of the culinary in Jakarta, namely Nasi Uduk is white rice cooked with coconut milk sauce so that the rice is slightly "filled and has taste", served with fried onions, given additional side dishes and peanut sauce. This analysis uses descriptive qualitative analysis and is supplemented by SWOT analysis.